{"title":"Elucidating the Solvating Power of Solvents for Designing High-Performance Electrolytes in Lithium Batteries","authors":"Zhao Zheng, Xue-Qiang Zhang, Dong-Hao Zhan, Xue-Yi Yan, Lin-Kun Yang, Shu-Yu Sun, Ya-Nan Wang, Wen-Jun Feng, Qian-Kui Zhang, Ho Seok Parks, Jia-Qi Huang","doi":"10.1021/acsenergylett.5c02291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.5c02291","url":null,"abstract":"The advancement of electrolytes is crucial for driving the progress of lithium (Li) batteries. Electrolyte performance is largely determined by its solvation structure, which is influenced by the solvating power of the solvents. Thus, a quantitative descriptor for the solvating power of solvents is highly required to rationally design high-performance electrolytes. However, a unified quantitative descriptor for the solvating power of solvents has not been established. This review summarizes the developed quantitative descriptors of solvating power, categorizing them into three types based on the intrinsic properties of solvents, the interaction strength between probes and solvents, and the bulk properties of electrolytes. The physicochemical significance and explorations in guiding the electrolyte design of these quantitative descriptors are discussed in detail. Moreover, strategies for regulating the solvating power of the solvents are presented. Finally, an outlook on investigating the solvating power of solvents and guiding the rational design of high-performance electrolytes is proposed.","PeriodicalId":16,"journal":{"name":"ACS Energy Letters ","volume":"105 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145071993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chengyu Liu, Dorian Joulié, Junming Shao, Bishnubasu Giri, Medhanie Gebremedhin Gebru, Umit Isci, Marc Robert
{"title":"Molecular Catalyst Enables CO2 Electroreduction at 650 mA/cm2 CO Partial Current Density","authors":"Chengyu Liu, Dorian Joulié, Junming Shao, Bishnubasu Giri, Medhanie Gebremedhin Gebru, Umit Isci, Marc Robert","doi":"10.1021/acsenergylett.5c02397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.5c02397","url":null,"abstract":"The electrochemical reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> to CO using renewable electricity offers a compelling pathway for greenhouse gas recycling. The two-electron, two-proton process is particularly attractive due to its operational simplicity and scalability, with copper- and silver-based nanomaterials being the most widely studied catalysts as the field approaches industrial maturity. However, achieving the necessary efficiency and stability for practical applications remains a significant challenge. Recently, molecular catalysts immobilized on conductive surfaces with carbon-based inks have emerged as highly tunable hybrid systems capable of remarkable selectivity. In this work, we report that a straightforward cobalt phthalocyanine complex, simply modified with a single trimethylammonium group, delivers outstanding CO<sub>2</sub>-to-CO conversion rates and selectivity, reaching a Faradaic efficiency of 93% at a total current density of 700 mA/cm<sup>2</sup> (<i>j</i><sub>CO</sub> = 650 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>) at neutral pH. Notably, CO selectivity above 90% was sustained for over 42 h at 150 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>, illustrating the potential of simply designed molecular catalysts for large-scale applications.","PeriodicalId":16,"journal":{"name":"ACS Energy Letters ","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145072074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Anode Failure Hunter with a Self-Quenched Function Boosting Lithium-Ion Battery Safety","authors":"Weifeng Zhang, Xuning Feng, Languang Lu, Hewu Wang, Li Wang, Xiangming He, Mingdeng Wei, Minggao Ouyang","doi":"10.1021/acsenergylett.5c02364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.5c02364","url":null,"abstract":"Safety issues significantly influence the iterative application of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), and they have become a critical challenge that requires immediate resolution. Herein, a new type of self-quenched battery with an anode failure hunter was developed in which a high flame retardant was utilized to react with the Li<sub><i>x</i></sub>C<sub>6</sub> of the anode, making it ineffective at a temperature range of 90–120 °C, avoiding its reaction with the oxygen produced by the cathode and blocking the occurrence of a large scale chain exothermic reaction (O<sub>2</sub> + Li<sub><i>x</i></sub>C<sub>6</sub>). After the anode failure hunter was assembled as a self-quenched battery, the onset temperature of the self-quenched battery was increased by 15.5 °C, improving battery safety from the intrinsic level. More importantly, the energy release of the thermal runaway for the self-quenched battery has been reduced by 123.7 °C, significantly improving the safety of the battery. Therefore, such work could provide a new strategy to design devices for solving the safety issue in LIBs.","PeriodicalId":16,"journal":{"name":"ACS Energy Letters ","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145072076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Erlend T. North, Casper Skautvedt, Abilash K. Thiagarajan, Marco Di Michiel, Stefano Checchia, Alexey Y. Koposov, David S. Wragg
{"title":"X-ray Beam Damage Effects in a Lithium-Ion Battery Probed by Spatially Resolved X-ray Diffraction","authors":"Erlend T. North, Casper Skautvedt, Abilash K. Thiagarajan, Marco Di Michiel, Stefano Checchia, Alexey Y. Koposov, David S. Wragg","doi":"10.1021/acsenergylett.5c02442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.5c02442","url":null,"abstract":"The use of synchrotron radiation has become common for probing the structural changes in rechargeable batteries, particularly for <i>operando</i> analysis. Herein, we report the exposure of the electrode to high photon flux during an <i>operando</i> study shutting down electrochemical transformations in the irradiated area of an electrode and causing a gradient of lithiation around the <i>operando</i> beam position. We rationalize such beam damage through radiation induced ionization and, consequently, electrolyte decomposition.","PeriodicalId":16,"journal":{"name":"ACS Energy Letters ","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145072075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Braulio Reyes-Suárez, Zhifang Du, Neethu Thomas, Zhong-Ze Qu, Tomasz Pawlak, Rushil Vasant, Doan Vu, Sangcheol Yoon, Sam Mugiraneza, Yunyan Lai, Jordan Fishburn, Sangmin Chae, Ahra Yi, Parth Raval, Subhrangsu Mukherjee, Yunpeng Qin, Steven Xiao, Hyo Jung Kim, Harald Ade, Thuc-Quyen Nguyen, G. N. Manjunatha Reddy
{"title":"Solvent-Induced Polymorphism Influences Efficiency in Organic Solar Cells","authors":"Braulio Reyes-Suárez, Zhifang Du, Neethu Thomas, Zhong-Ze Qu, Tomasz Pawlak, Rushil Vasant, Doan Vu, Sangcheol Yoon, Sam Mugiraneza, Yunyan Lai, Jordan Fishburn, Sangmin Chae, Ahra Yi, Parth Raval, Subhrangsu Mukherjee, Yunpeng Qin, Steven Xiao, Hyo Jung Kim, Harald Ade, Thuc-Quyen Nguyen, G. N. Manjunatha Reddy","doi":"10.1021/acsenergylett.5c01692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.5c01692","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding and mitigating performance variability are important for developing organic photovoltaics (OPVs), which are often governed by solid-state organization of molecular entities in semiconductor thin films. This is why achieving structural resolution is essential. This study demonstrates how <i>often-hidden structural polymorphism</i> profoundly influences the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of bulk heterojunction (BHJ) OPVs. The devices consisting of PM6:Y6 BHJ layers cast from low-boiling chloroform (CF; PCE ≈ 15%) and high-boiling o-xylene solvents (o-XY; PCE ≈ 10%) exhibit morphology-dependent optical absorption, charge transport, and recombination dynamics. A synergistic multimodal characterization combined with device physics reveals that the retention of solvents and additives leads to polymorphous BHJ layers, contributing to performance variation. These results strengthen the conclusion that green solvent selection should be guided not only by environmental considerations but also by a thorough understanding of structure–property interrelations, which are vital for improving material performance in OPVs.","PeriodicalId":16,"journal":{"name":"ACS Energy Letters ","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145072078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuli Tao, Zheng Liang, Jiajiu Ye, Chentai Cao, Quan Yang, Shendong Xu, Shuo Song, Bin Gao, Qingsha Liu, Zameer Abbas, Guozhen Liu, Hui Wang, Yanbo Wang, Shangfeng Yang, Xu Pan
{"title":"Residual Solvent Management Enables High-Efficiency Antisolvent-Free Perovskite Solar Cells","authors":"Yuli Tao, Zheng Liang, Jiajiu Ye, Chentai Cao, Quan Yang, Shendong Xu, Shuo Song, Bin Gao, Qingsha Liu, Zameer Abbas, Guozhen Liu, Hui Wang, Yanbo Wang, Shangfeng Yang, Xu Pan","doi":"10.1021/acsenergylett.5c01538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.5c01538","url":null,"abstract":"During the formation of the perovskite films via the antisolvent-free method, commonly employed in scalable large-area fabrication processes, the solvent tends to lock inside the perovskite layer. The residual <i>N</i>-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) in the perovskite films hinders the complete reaction between perovskite components, adversely affecting the perovskite crystal crystallinity, crystal orientation, and stability. To address this issue, we introduced propionic acid (PA) into the perovskite solution to facilitate the removal of the NMP. PA weakened the intermolecular interaction between PbI<sub>2</sub> with NMP, increased the volatility of the perovskite solvent system, and thus promoted more efficient NMP evaporation during the perovskite film formation. As a result, the optimized perovskite films exhibit significantly improved crystal quality, and the devices exhibit a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.86% in the small-area device. In addition, by enlarging the perovskite film area, we achieved 23.08% PCE for the rigid module (4 cm<sup>2</sup>) and 16.27% PCE for the flexible module (over 100 cm<sup>2</sup>), showing them to be well-suited for the commercial manufacturing of perovskite photovoltaics.","PeriodicalId":16,"journal":{"name":"ACS Energy Letters ","volume":"171 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145072077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Long-Term Stability Hurdles of Metal Halide Perovskite Solar Cells","authors":"Hui Li, and , Annamaria Petrozza*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsenergylett.5c02513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.5c02513","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16,"journal":{"name":"ACS Energy Letters ","volume":"10 9","pages":"4572–4573"},"PeriodicalIF":18.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145036521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Self-Assembled Monolayer: Revolutionizing p-i-n Perovskite Solar Cells","authors":"Ke Guo, Haobo Tang, Lijin Han, Runquan Qi, Haodong Yan, Guiran Gao, Wenzhen Lv, Mingguang Li, Junmin Xia, Bo Cai, Guichuan Xing, Runfeng Chen, Guangbao Wu","doi":"10.1021/acsenergylett.5c02024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.5c02024","url":null,"abstract":"Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) have emerged as a transformative class of hole transport materials for inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs), distinguished by their negligible parasitic absorption, solution-processable simplicity, and record-breaking device efficiencies. However, challenges still remain such as solvent-induced molecular aggregation, interfacial energy mismatch, and operational stability limitations, which originate fundamentally from insufficient mechanistic understanding of transparent conductive oxides (TCOs)-SAM-perovskite interactions. This review systematically traces the evolution of SAMs, explores their molecular-level functionalities, and examines their self-assembly mechanisms and diverse applications in PSCs. We clarify how molecular structures influence device performance and stability, highlighting SAMs’ dual role in efficiency enhancement and durability improvement. Finally, we propose targeted research directions to address current limitations and accelerate the scalable application of SAM-based PSCs.","PeriodicalId":16,"journal":{"name":"ACS Energy Letters ","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145072079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fast-Charging Li-Ion Battery Enabled by an Acetonitrile-Based Electrolyte","authors":"Dezhen Wu, Qian Liu, Qijia Zhu, Donghyuk Kim, Eleni Temeche, Tobias Glossmann, Zhengcheng Zhang","doi":"10.1021/acsenergylett.5c01895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.5c01895","url":null,"abstract":"Fast charging remains a critical challenge for current-generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), particularly in electric vehicle applications. In this study, we present a highly conductive electrolyte formulation based on a ternary solvent system consisting of acetonitrile (AN), fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), and ethylene carbonate (EC), combined with a tailored additive, lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate (LiDFOB). This electrolyte demonstrates significantly enhanced ionic conductivity and a higher Li<sup>+</sup> transference number, enabling accelerated Li<sup>+</sup> transport kinetics. The synergistic effect of the solvents and the additive promotes the formation of a robust, low-resistance, inorganic-rich solid-electrolyte-interphase (SEI) that effectively passivates the graphite surface and suppresses AN decomposition. As a result, the electrolyte substantially reduces internal cell resistance and overpotential, both of which are critical for reliable fast charging. These findings highlight the essential role of rational electrolyte design in addressing the limitations of fast-charging LIBs.","PeriodicalId":16,"journal":{"name":"ACS Energy Letters ","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145072081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yikai Jia, Shu Xiong, Han Jiang and Chunhao Yuan*,
{"title":"Neural Battery for Energy Storage System Modeling Based on Hidden-State Dynamic Process Solver","authors":"Yikai Jia, Shu Xiong, Han Jiang and Chunhao Yuan*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsenergylett.5c02530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.5c02530","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The development of precise models for simulating rapidly expanding systems has become imperative for enhancing the planning and utilization of energy storage. It is often the case that traditional physical models are not suitable for use in calculations involving large or complex battery systems. This work proposes a neural battery model, which is developed by constructing a battery hidden-state dynamic process solver based on a neural network. The model overcomes the explicit dependence of conventional physics-driven approaches on model assumptions and governing equations. Instead, it employs a latent state space to uniformly characterize the internal dynamics. The implementation of dynamic process solving frameworks, such as neural ordinary differential equations (Neural ODEs), facilitates the establishment of a hidden-state dynamic system that ensures numerical stability and accuracy. Moreover, a battery network computational framework is proposed, which utilizes parallel computing to overcome the efficiency limitations of the model for large-scale battery packs.</p>","PeriodicalId":16,"journal":{"name":"ACS Energy Letters ","volume":"10 9","pages":"4722–4729"},"PeriodicalIF":18.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145036314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}