Journal of Vegetable Crop Production最新文献_第6页

THE EDITOR'S FIELD 编辑的领域

Journal of Vegetable Crop Production Pub Date : 2002-10-08 DOI: 10.1300/J068V08N01_01

V. Russo

引用次数: 0

Use of Plastic Mulch for Successive Crops 连续作物使用塑料地膜

Journal of Vegetable Crop Production Pub Date : 2002-10-08 DOI: 10.1300/J068v08n01_08

R. L. Parish, R. Bracy, R. Rosendale

{"title":"Use of Plastic Mulch for Successive Crops","authors":"R. L. Parish, R. Bracy, R. Rosendale","doi":"10.1300/J068v08n01_08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J068v08n01_08","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Using plastic mulch for multiple (successive) crops spreads the installation and removal costs of plastic mulch and drip irrigation tubing over two or more crops, thus reducing the cost per crop. When using plastic mulch for a summer crop, white rather than black is preferred to reflect light and reduce soil temperature. Painting black mulch white allows the reuse of black mulch from a winter/spring crop. A study was conducted to determine the effect of the amount of white interior latex paint used to coat black plastic mulch on production of yellow summer squash (Cucurbitapepo var. melopepo (L.) Alef.). Ratios of 1:1, 1:2, and 1:4 (paint:water) were applied in a band on top of the bed at broadcast equivalent rates (BER) of 225, 450, and 900 l/ha (24, 48, and 96 gal/a). Spring 2000, fall 2000, and summer 2001 plantings of ‘Lemon Drop’ squash were seeded through the painted mulch. Rate of paint per acre had little effect on yield results. Regardless of paint: water ratio or application rate of the dilute mix, yields were equivalent in most cases to the yields from white mulch plots. A second study evaluated the long-term durability of 0.025 mm and 0.032 mm (1.00 mil and 1.25 mil) black plastic mulch. Differences in ultimate tensile force between mulch thicknesses were small. No reduction in ultimate tensile force measured to cause failure in mulch was noted after nine months in the field. During cooler fall months, ultimate tensile force increased while ductility decreased. There were no observable differences in ease of removal of the two thicknesses after 6 months or 11 months. Both thicknesses tore easily during removal.","PeriodicalId":169819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vegetable Crop Production","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127013200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Enzyme Activity and Isozymic Profile of Peroxidase Induced by Elicitors and Erysiphe polygoni in Pea (Pisum sativum L.) 激发子和丹参诱导豌豆过氧化物酶活性及同工酶谱

Journal of Vegetable Crop Production Pub Date : 2002-10-08 DOI: 10.1300/J068v08n01_03

R. Katoch, A. S. Mann, B. S. Sohal

引用次数: 3

The Effect of Spring Planted Cereal Rye on the Yield of Fresh Market Vegetables 春播黑麦对市场新鲜蔬菜产量的影响

Journal of Vegetable Crop Production Pub Date : 2002-10-08 DOI: 10.1300/J068v08n01_13

Elizabeth A. Wahle, J. Masiunas

引用次数: 2

Soil Heating Techniques for Forcing Outdoor White Asparagus into Production 迫使户外白芦笋生产的土壤加热技术

Journal of Vegetable Crop Production Pub Date : 2002-10-08 DOI: 10.1300/J068V08N01_02

G. Paroussi, T. Koutsos, E. Paroussis

{"title":"Soil Heating Techniques for Forcing Outdoor White Asparagus into Production","authors":"G. Paroussi, T. Koutsos, E. Paroussis","doi":"10.1300/J068V08N01_02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J068V08N01_02","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Hot water was circulated in two pipes placed above (AC), beside (BC), and under (UC) the crowns of the asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) hybrid cvs. ‘Dariana’, ‘Larac’ and ‘Steline’ to force them into production in winter. An unheated bed of each cultivar was used as control. Raised beds were covered with black plastic mulch to ensure white spears and weed control. The heating system was activated in mid-January for the 1998 harvesting season, mid-December 1998 for the 1999 harvesting season and early January for the 2000 harvesting season. In 1998 and 2000 harvesting seasons, early yield of A grade spears in the UC treatment was significantly different from controls, and the AC and BC treatments which were similar. The total yield of the UC treatment was significantly different from the control and the AC and BC treatments only in 1998. The UC treatment improved the quality of the product in 1998 and 1999 since “B” grade yield, as a percentage of “A” grade yield, appeared to be lowest. ‘Dariana’ consistently had higher total yield than ‘Larac’ and ‘Steline’ in all production years. In 1999, ‘Dariana’ yielded more early “A” grade spears than ‘Larac’ and ‘Steline’.","PeriodicalId":169819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vegetable Crop Production","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134457650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Peroxidase, Polyphenoloxidase, Total Phenol and Protein Content in Leaf Tissues of Colocasia esculenta var. antiquorum and Their Relationship to Phytophthora Leaf Blight Disease 土甘蓝叶片组织中过氧化物酶、多酚氧化酶、总酚和蛋白质含量及其与疫霉病的关系

Journal of Vegetable Crop Production Pub Date : 2002-10-08 DOI: 10.1300/J068v08n01_10

S. Sen, Srikanta Das, A. Das, S. Pal

引用次数: 4

Effects of Three Commercially Available Plant Growth Regulators and One Plant Growth Enhancer on Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Yield and Pigment Content 3种市售植物生长调节剂和1种植物生长促进剂对辣椒(Capsicum annuum L.)的影响产量及色素含量

Journal of Vegetable Crop Production Pub Date : 2002-10-08 DOI: 10.1300/J068v08n01_07

R. V. Van Pelt, T. Popham

{"title":"Effects of Three Commercially Available Plant Growth Regulators and One Plant Growth Enhancer on Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Yield and Pigment Content","authors":"R. V. Van Pelt, T. Popham","doi":"10.1300/J068v08n01_07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J068v08n01_07","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Commercially available plant growth regulators (PGR) and plant growth enhancers (PGE) may be used to increase crop productivity and improve fertilizer and water use efficiency. Little independent field-scale research has been conducted concerning the benefit of these materials in actual production systems. This study was initiated to determine the efficacy of foliar PGR and PGE application in the production of paprika and cayenne cultivars of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Three PGRs and one PGE were foliarly applied to several production pepper fields in the Pecos River valley of southeastern New Mexico during the 1997 and 1998 growing seasons. The Reagan loam (fine-silty, mixed, superactive thermic Ustic Haplocalcid) soils were furrow irrigated with artesian groundwater, and individual replicated treatment blocks were a minimum 0.5 ha in size. All peppers were hand harvested. The paprika peppers were dried to constant weight, yields were determined, and paprika pigment extracts were analyzed spectrometrically. In 1997 and 1998, yield was increased by 15.1 to 24.2% in plants treated with some PGRs. PGE treatment resulted in significant paprika yield increases in 1997 and 1998 and a significant yield increase in cayenne in 1997, but did not have a significant effect on paprika pigment content. The results indicated that foliar application of PGRs and PGEs to pepper cultivars can enhance yields in commercial production fields.","PeriodicalId":169819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vegetable Crop Production","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125606710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Evaluation of Tissue Culture and Growth Assays to Identify Irradiated from Non-Irradiated Vegetables 鉴定辐照与未辐照蔬菜的组织培养和生长试验的评价

Journal of Vegetable Crop Production Pub Date : 2002-10-08 DOI: 10.1300/J068v08n01_12

B. Al-Safadi, N. Sharabi, I. Nabulsi

{"title":"Evaluation of Tissue Culture and Growth Assays to Identify Irradiated from Non-Irradiated Vegetables","authors":"B. Al-Safadi, N. Sharabi, I. Nabulsi","doi":"10.1300/J068v08n01_12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J068v08n01_12","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Irradiation of foods is a process used to prevent sprouting of stored vegetables and to improve safety of food. Due to demand by consumers and many organizations to detect previously irradiated food, several methods have been tried to distinguish irradiated from non-irradiated food products. In this study, the ability of two tissue culture methods, callus or vegetative growth induction, to distinguish irradiated vegetables was evaluated. Potato tubers, carrot roots, garlic cloves, and onion bulbs were subjected to various gamma irradiation doses (0–1000 Gray (Gy)). Subsequently, the irradiated vegetables were grown in a controlled environment or explants excised for in vitro culture. Gamma irradiation significantly reduced callus-forming ability, especially in carrot and potato where no callus was observed for doses higher than 50 Gy. Length of shoots and roots growing from irradiated garlic and onion explants was considerably reduced starting with the 25 Gy dose. No roots formed on garlic explants at any irradiation dose. Garlic leaves growing from irradiated explants had purple to brown spots. Their intensity increased as gamma ray dosage increased. In the growth assay experiment, potato plants appeared only in the control (0 Gy) treatment. In contrast, a complete sprouting of garlic and onion was seen in all irradiation treatments. Therefore, it was not possible by the growth assay experiment to distinguish between the various irradiation treatments and the control 3 days after planting in pots. The two in vitro assays, tested in our study, may be used to distinguish the levels of irradiation on the vegetables tested. Callus formation was found more useful for potato and carrot, since regeneration of shoots in vitro from these two plants takes a long time. On the other hand, the growth assay is very useful for onion and garlic since it is rapid, sensitive and easy to perform.","PeriodicalId":169819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vegetable Crop Production","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124667883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Economic Evaluation of Alternative Production Systems for Fresh-Market Tomatoes in the Mid-Atlantic Region 中大西洋地区新鲜市场番茄替代生产系统的经济评价

Journal of Vegetable Crop Production Pub Date : 2002-10-08 DOI: 10.1300/J068v08n01_11

Shunxiang Wu, Yao-chi Lu, D. Mills, C. B. Coffman, J. Teasdale

{"title":"Economic Evaluation of Alternative Production Systems for Fresh-Market Tomatoes in the Mid-Atlantic Region","authors":"Shunxiang Wu, Yao-chi Lu, D. Mills, C. B. Coffman, J. Teasdale","doi":"10.1300/J068v08n01_11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J068v08n01_11","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Growing competition in tomato production and marketing, in conjunction with environmental concerns, requires innovative systems for fresh-market tomato production that are profitable and environmentally sound. This study evaluated the performance of fresh-market tomato production in systems representing different levels of off-farm inputs from 1997 to 1999 at the Beltsville Agricultural Research Center in Maryland. These experimental systems included different cultivars (‘Sunbeam’, ‘Mountain Pride’), soil mulch practices (bare soil, black polyethylene, compost, hairy vetch cover crop), and fungicide application schedules (no fungicide, weekly application, and application determined by TOMCAST model predictions). Gross margins were computed based on experimental yields, production costs from enterprise budgets for staked and tied tomato crops, and weekly prices at the Baltimore fruit and vegetable wholesale market. The Roy's safety-first criterion was used to compare the preferred tomato systems for a risk-averse tomato grower. Gross margins from the hairy vetch system were higher than those from the other mulch systems in 1997, but tended to be lower in the other years. The black polyethylene system had the least overall economic risk, and the hairy vetch system had the highest risk. Gross margins among fungicide treatments were highest in the TOMCAST and weekly-based systems compared to the no fungicide system across all years. Economic risk also was similar in the weekly and TOMCAST systems. These results indicate that the TOMCAST system may be implemented to reduce fungicide applications with no additional economic risk, but that the environmental benefits of the hairy vetch system may require more economic risk to growers.","PeriodicalId":169819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vegetable Crop Production","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130197971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Season, and Nitrogen Source and Rate Affect Development and Yield of Shallot 季节、氮源和施氮量影响大葱的发育和产量

Journal of Vegetable Crop Production Pub Date : 2002-10-08 DOI: 10.1300/J068v08n01_09

K. Woldetsadik, U. Gertsson, J. Ascard

{"title":"Season, and Nitrogen Source and Rate Affect Development and Yield of Shallot","authors":"K. Woldetsadik, U. Gertsson, J. Ascard","doi":"10.1300/J068v08n01_09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J068v08n01_09","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Three field experiments were conducted in 1999 and 2000 to assess the response of shallots (Allium cepa var. ascalonicum Backer) to nitrogen fertilizer sources and rates in eastern Ethiopia. Treatments comprised three nitrogen sources, urea, ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulphate, each at 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg ha−1 N. Bulb yield was significantly increased with nitrogen fertilization up to 150 kg ha−1 in the main rainy season of 2000 when supplemental irrigation was applied. However, fertilization significantly reduced growth and yield of shallot in the main rainy season of 1999 and the short rainy season of 2000 under rain-fed conditions. Fertilization tended to increase bulb number per plant while reducing mean bulb weight. The dry matter and total soluble solids of bulbs from fertilized plots were either higher than or similar to those of unfertilized shallots. Ammonium nitrate produced significantly higher yields of shallots than ammonium sulphate, but did not differ from urea. Nitrogen source did not have significant effects on plant height, leaf number, bulb weight or bulb diameter. Higher nitrogen levels increased leaf and bulb nitrogen contents at harvest. The results indicated that nitrogen fertilizer should not be used for rain-fed shallots under low moisture regimes. Supplemental irrigation is essential in order to achieve high yields with nitrogen fertilization practices.","PeriodicalId":169819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vegetable Crop Production","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126419406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7