Journal of Risk Research最新文献

{"title":"Foolproof: why we fall for misinformation and how to build immunity by Sander Van Der Linden book review <b>Foolproof: Why We Fall for Misinformation and How to Build Immunity</b> by Sander van der Linden, 4th Estate, London","authors":"Sarah Duckett, George Warren","doi":"10.1080/13669877.2023.2259411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13669877.2023.2259411","url":null,"abstract":"\"Foolproof: why we fall for misinformation and how to build immunity by Sander Van Der Linden book review.\" Journal of Risk Research, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print), pp. 1–2","PeriodicalId":16975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Risk Research","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135859782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of COVID-19 Mortality Rate Formats on Emotional Reactions, Risk perception, and self-protective Behavioral Intentions","authors":"Giulia Priolo, Martina Vacondio, Stephan Dickert, Nicolao Bonini","doi":"10.1080/13669877.2023.2259415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13669877.2023.2259415","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractWe investigated whether different Mortality Rate Formats used to express the same objective probability affected people’s Emotional reactions, Risk perception, and protective behavioral intentions. A sample from the Italian population (N = 604) was exposed to six different formats (i.e. Absolute value; Raw ratio; 1 in X; Verbal; Percentage; Probability) to report the mortality rate of COVID-19 in a between-subject design. In line with expectations, the Probability format led to lower emotional reactions compared to all the other formats. Moreover, results from a path analysis revealed that emotional reactions predicted risk perception. The Mortality Rate Formats also had an indirect effect on Behavioral Intentions to protect oneself, which was mediated by emotional reactions and risk perception. The effect sizes of these indirect effects ranged from small to medium. The direct effect of risk on intentions was found to differ among two dimensions of risk. Affective Risk led to higher Behavioral Intentions, while Deliberative Risk had the opposite effect. We discuss these results in line with the ongoing debate regarding the role played by risk scientists during the pandemic and offer practical implications for risk management during health crises like COVID-19.Keywords: Risk perceptionemotionsBehavioral IntentionscommunicationCOVID-19 Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Data availability statementThe dataset is available on the OSF platform and accessible through the following link: https://osf.io/x49uy/Additional informationFundingThis work was supported by the University of Trento under Grant Bando di Ateneo COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":16975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Risk Research","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136017111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dread and unknown characteristics of particulate matter pollution: cognitive and affective routes to air pollution prevention","authors":"Soo Jung Hong, Yungwook Kim","doi":"10.1080/13669877.2023.2259399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13669877.2023.2259399","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThis study investigates the effect of dread and unknown risks on individuals’ cognitive and affective responses and decision-making related to particulate matter (PM) air pollution. In particular, we investigate how dread and unknown risks play different roles in forming the cognitive and affective routes that affect the South Korean public’s intentions to reduce PM air pollution by adopting risk mitigation behaviors. One thousand South Korean adults participated in the study via a professional research company in 2022. Statistical analysis was performed using PROCESS Marco. Indirect effects and their significance were estimated using bias-corrected bootstrap (n = 5,000 resampling) confidence intervals (CIs). According to the results, perceived dread of PM air pollution had significant and positive associations with perceived health risks and negative emotion, and perceived risks had a significant and positive association with negative emotion. Moreover, the perceived unknown-ness of PM air pollution had a significant and positive association with perceived uncertainty, which had a significant and negative association with negative emotion. Our mediation models demonstrate that the cognitive and affective routes associated with the two risk dimensions had different effects on behavioral intentions to reduce PM air pollution. These distinct cognitive and affective routes have significant theoretical implications for the effective application of the psychometric paradigm in addressing various risk-related issues. The findings also imply that an appropriate level of negative emotion is crucial to motivate the public’s engagement in risk-reduction behaviors. While employing campaign messages that integrate perceived risk and negative emotional appeals derived from dread can be effective, caution should be taken not to diminish the public’s negative emotions when addressing the risk-related uncertainty in campaigns or interventions. Overall, our findings not only have several practical implications for environmental communication strategies but also make important theoretical contributions to the literature on risk perceptions and the psychometric paradigm.Keywords: Particulate matter (PM)air pollution preventionthe psychometric paradigmdread riskunknown risknegative emotion Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThis work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF) grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT) (No. RS-2023-00217228).","PeriodicalId":16975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Risk Research","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136016711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to book reviewFoolproof: Why We Fall for Misinformation and How to Build Immunity","authors":"Sander van der Linden","doi":"10.1080/13669877.2023.2259407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13669877.2023.2259407","url":null,"abstract":"\"Reply to book review.\" Journal of Risk Research, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print), pp. 1–2 Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).","PeriodicalId":16975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Risk Research","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136017118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facing nonscalability: are risks still ‘risks’ when compound and catastrophic?","authors":"Christine Fassert, Valérie November, Cassandre Rey-Thibault","doi":"10.1080/13669877.2023.2259414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13669877.2023.2259414","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractCrisis intensification and acceleration (e.g. the triple disaster in Fukushima, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the increase in extreme climatic events) have raised new challenges. Recent research went a step further by exploring new types of risks: compound risks. This article examines different definitions of compound risks and identifies their differences and common features. Starting from a definition restricted to the combination of natural hazards, the concept progressively unfolds to include a combination of hazards and local vulnerabilities, including the competition of different resources for mitigating their effects or the effects at different scales. Our article contributes to this theoretical effort. We explore how compound risks are envisioned in the current practices of preparation by actors in charge of risks management and crisis preparation, through 3 cases studies: medium size towns in France, Le Havre and Nantes, facing urban risks; a case study of the COVID-19 pandemic management at the French governmental level; and the doctrines in the case of a nuclear accident. Compound risks are understood in relation to scaling. The change of nature brought by a change of scale is explored through interdependencies, threshold, and rupture effects, which are intertwined with collapse. Are risks and risk management scalable? Compound risks consequences for political response are also studied. They may call for new types of governance, new modes of preparedness, and even new institutions. We conclude that compound risks question the very paradigm of risk management and crisis preparedness and may call for entirely new ways of facing extreme situations that question the very role and agency of politics.Keywords: Compound risksnonscalabilityrisk governanceclimate-related disasters AcknowledgmentsThe primary data for this study were collected through three different fieldworks and projects. The French cities’ data are from one of the author’s PhD research at Paris Est-University and benefited from financial and academic funding of its I-SITE. The Covid-19 data came from the ANR CrisOrg, funded by French Research Agency. Finally, nuclear related data and compound risks data were collected through the ‘UrbaRiskLab’ (URL) Project, funded by Gustave Eiffel University. We presented this work during the LATTS - RUE Seminar on February 8th 2023, and would like to thanks all the members for their helpful comments. Valérie November would like to thank John Stella who was the first to raise her attention on the notion of compound risks, leading to this paper. The views expressed herein are of course the authors’ own.GeolocationFranceDisclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 Leading to concern over the risks induced (Joey and Luscia Citation2021), fed by a scientific controversy (Ji et al. Citation2022; Nigel, Brendan, and Tony Citation2023).2 We use ‘governability’ here in a Foucaldian sense: not only ","PeriodicalId":16975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Risk Research","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136130379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How trust in government relates to public attitudes toward shale gas development in China","authors":"Yu Zhang, Ashley Clark, J. Rupp, John D. Graham","doi":"10.1080/13669877.2023.2249906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13669877.2023.2249906","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Public trust in government influences public attitudes toward the development of new technology. However, research conducted to assess the relationship has been done primarily in Western-style democracies. This research examines how public trust in the Chinese government is related, directly and indirectly, to public attitudes toward shale gas development. An online survey of a large convenience sample of Chinese residents (n = 1361) was conducted in 2022 in five provinces where shale gas extraction and/or exploration are occurring. We found that trust in central government has a direct positive association with the perceived benefits and risks of shale gas development. Respondents with higher trust in central and provincial government are more likely to express support shale gas development. There is also a statistically significant indirect positive association with support for shale gas development via greater perceived benefits, yet we did not find a statistically significant indirect effect of trust on support for shale gas development through perceived risks. The results are interesting because in China the government and the shale gas industry are more closely connected than they are in Western-style democracies and the environmental movement in China is at an early stage of development. Future research should examine how attitudes in China evolve as the scale of the shale gas industry grows and the environmental movement grows.","PeriodicalId":16975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Risk Research","volume":"26 1","pages":"895 - 910"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48379831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Limits to inoculating against the risk of fake news: a replication study in Singapore during COVID-19","authors":"C. Wong, Yuanyuan Wu","doi":"10.1080/13669877.2023.2249909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13669877.2023.2249909","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic laid bare the problem of fake news as one of the defining challenges of our time. The sudden proliferation of fake news and its direct impact on public health and safety led to increasing attention to pre-bunking interventions as a possible tool against the risks of fake news. These studies claimed that it is possible to use pre-emptive interventions such as games to induce cognitive resistance against the deception techniques deployed by fake new producers. We wanted to test if this method could be as effective in a non-Western context, and in an on-going catastrophic risk event. This paper presents the results of a replication study of Roozenbeek and van der Linden’s gaming experiment with certain modifications tailored to the case of Singapore in 2020 in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. We could not replicate the results of the original study. However, we found factors that could have accounted for the different results, including high levels of trust in English mainstream media and the government, and positive attitudes towards censorship. We also found that participants were most resistant against conspiratorial deception techniques but also more vulnerable to impersonation techniques. We reflect on what the results of our study say about the limitations of psychology-focused interventions and the need for a wider suite of interventions targeting different levels of analysis, including sociological factors and the risk context.","PeriodicalId":16975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Risk Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46120624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contrasting perspectives on the risks of intensive livestock farming in The Netherlands: a survey study.","authors":"V Eijrond, L Claassen, D Timmermans","doi":"10.1080/13669877.2023.2231003","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13669877.2023.2231003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the Netherlands, intensive livestock farming is a recurrent topic of societal debate with stakeholders having quite different perspectives on the benefits and harms. In particular, stakeholders appear to have different perceptions on the risks to human and animal health. This paper reports a quantitative analysis of a survey on the perceptions of risks and benefits of intensive livestock farming conducted among the general public, including people living in livestock dense municipalities (<i>n</i> = 808), farmers (<i>n</i> = 237) and other stakeholders (<i>n</i> = 367). Results show that farmers and citizens have contrasting views about the benefits and concerns and in particular about the risks of intensive livestock farming for human health as well as animal well-being. People living in livestock dense communities held a somewhat more positive view than the general public, yet odour hinder and air quality was perceived as a serious health problem, but not by farmers. These differences in risk perceptions may well be explained from differences in interest, experience and options for control of potential hazards. Our study reflects more than just the perceived risks related to intensive livestock farming, but also reveal the global and multidimensional legitimate concerns and views on what matter to different groups of people. We argue that these differences in risk perspectives should be taken into account when communicating about human health risks, and should also be more explicitly addressed in discussions about the risks of intensive livestock farming in order to develop more inclusive policies that are supported by stakeholders.</p>","PeriodicalId":16975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Risk Research","volume":"26 1","pages":"911-930"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10561603/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49659294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethos in COVID-19 crisis communication: evidence from Oman","authors":"Fatema Al-Rubai’ey, Abdul Gabbar Mohamed Al-Sharafi","doi":"10.1080/13669877.2023.2230983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13669877.2023.2230983","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract There is little research on the effectiveness of the rhetorical strategies adopted by governments in COVID-19 crisis communication. This study aimed to answer the following two questions: (1) What are the ethos-related rhetorical strategies used in the official Arabic discourse of COVID-19 crisis communication in Oman? (2) Aligned with Seeger’s model of best practice in crisis communication, to what extent are these ethos-related rhetorical strategies effective in delivering a successful crisis response communication? The data came from Oman’s COVID-19 Supreme Committee press conference. The data included the first six press conferences covering the period from April 2, 2020 to May 7, 2020. The study showed that Oman’s COVID-19 crisis communication exhibits a variety of ethos-related rhetorical strategies, mainly to establish, reinforce and restore speaker’s credibility. The study also showed that Oman’s COVID-19 crisis communication was effective from a rhetorical perspective because it made use of rhetorical strategies that aligned well with Seeger’s best practice of honesty, candor and openness. One of the key recommendations of this paper is to call for Seeger’s model to be expanded to cover areas that this model does not currently address, namely speaker’s competence and message believability.","PeriodicalId":16975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Risk Research","volume":"26 1","pages":"931 - 946"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49433265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What psychological factors lead to the abandonment of cultivated land by coastal farmers? An interpretation based on the psychological distance","authors":"Xin Nie, Xingyi Wu, Han Wang, Qing Kang, Fengqin Li, Lihua Li, Hua Qiao","doi":"10.1080/13669877.2023.2220334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13669877.2023.2220334","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract For a long time, the research on the cultivated land abandonment behavior of farmers, caused by natural constraints such as coastal ecological environment vulnerability and frequent extreme climates, has received extensive attention. However, few scholars pay attention to the impact of psychological construction of farmers’ environmental risk perception on abandoned farming behavior, especially the use of psychological distance (PD) to quantify this abstract psychological process. Taking Shankou Town, Guangxi, China as an example, this study combines the PD in the field of sociology with the construal level theory to build a PD framework for coastal farmers. A structural equation model was used to explore the influence mechanism of the social, temporal, hypothetical, and spatial distances on farmers’ cultivated land abandonment behavior. We found that coastal land abandonment is affected by social trust and the probability of extreme weather, although the risk preference under the ‘discount rate’ is not significantly affected. At the same time, the closer the spatial distance between the residence and the coastline, the higher the abandonment of cultivated land, although with a different impact. In addition, population mobility and human-sea connection were found to play a mediating role in the effect of psychological distance on cultivated land abandonment. We confirmed that the direction of the effects of the four types of psychological distance on land abandonment behavior is not consistent. This study is helpful to understand the cultivated land abandonment behavior of farmers in coastal zone, and tries to provide reference for coastal zone planting planning.","PeriodicalId":16975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Risk Research","volume":"26 1","pages":"947 - 968"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42196255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}