{"title":"Chemical Synthesis of Crustacean Insulin-Like Peptide Using a Novel Method to Prevent Methionine Oxidation During Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis","authors":"Hidekazu Katayama, Naoaki Tsutsui","doi":"10.1002/psc.70042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/psc.70042","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The oxidation of Met residue(s) in peptides and proteins is sometimes found in solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS). In this study, in order to develop a method to prevent the oxidation of Met during SPPS, various sulfide compounds were added to the solvent and the oxidation rate was measured. As a result, it was found that tetrahydrothiophene (THT) was most efficient for reducing the extent of Met oxidation. THT tended to prevent the oxidation of Met in a concentration-dependent manner, although the oxidation of Met could not be completely prevented even at a concentration of 20% (v/v). On the other hand, when the SPPS in the presence of THT and then reduction of Met(O) to Met with NH<sub>4</sub>I were performed, the yield was much improved. These results indicate that the combination of preventing oxidation with THT and reducing Met with NH<sub>4</sub>I is effective for the synthesis of peptides containing Met residue(s). Using the method established here, we could synthesize an insulin-like peptide from the kuruma shrimp. This method is likely to be applicable to the synthesis of various Met-containing peptides.</p>","PeriodicalId":16946,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Peptide Science","volume":"31 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/psc.70042","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144606732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Influence of Buffering Capacity, pH, and Temperature on the Stability of Semaglutide: A Preformulation Study","authors":"Adarsh Malgave, Sideequl Akbar, Ayushi Tiwari, Shamal Hande, Anumol Joseph, Rajkumar Malayandi","doi":"10.1002/psc.70039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/psc.70039","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Therapeutic peptides' physical and chemical stability is of significant interest to the pharmaceutical industry. This study examines the effects of pH, temperature, and buffer strength on semaglutide (SEMA) stability using two orthogonal stability-indicating reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) methods. The findings aid in designing novel oral and long-acting injectable (LAI) SEMA formulations. Two RP-HPLC methods were developed and validated to separate SEMA and its degradants. Stability studies were conducted at 25°C, 40°C, and 55°C for 24 h in water, with extended studies at 5°C, 25°C, 40°C, 60°C, and 80°C. pH and buffer strength effects were assessed at 25°C and 40°C. SEMA remained stable for 3 h at 80°C. The results obtained from pH-dependent stability studies indicated that SEMA was relatively stable at pH 1.2 at 25°C and 40°C for a day. A higher extent of degradation was observed between the pH of 4.5–5.5; this is due to the isoelectric point of SEMA (pH 5.4), and hence, the finished product pH should be > 7.0. These findings highlight the critical influence of buffer, temperature, and pH on SEMA stability. The results obtained by this study would help develop both oral and LAI SEMA formulations.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16946,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Peptide Science","volume":"31 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144589626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Herwig Weissinger, Moritz Urschbach, Luca Ferrari, Sascha Martens, Christian F. W. Becker
{"title":"Photocatalytic Diselenide Contraction as a Tool for Site-Selective Isosteric Ubiquitylation","authors":"Herwig Weissinger, Moritz Urschbach, Luca Ferrari, Sascha Martens, Christian F. W. Becker","doi":"10.1002/psc.70037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/psc.70037","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ubiquitylation is a highly conserved post-translational modification (PTM) in eukaryotes, which serves as a critical regulatory mechanism for protein homeostasis, cellular transport, signal transduction pathways, and numerous other functions. The biological function of ubiquitylation is dictated predominantly by the topology of its linkage. Deciphering ubiquitin's complex biochemistry necessitates novel synthetic methods that deliver well-defined, biosimilar ubiquitylation. To this end, a semisynthetic strategy relying on the recombinant expression of ubiquitin combined with chemoselective photocatalytic diselenide contraction (PDC) was established to enable site-selective biomimetic selenalysine-linked ubiquitylation. The modification of ubiquitin with a C-terminal selenol was fine-tuned to avoid hydrolysis. The conditions of the PDC reaction, such as solvent composition, phosphine concentration, and irradiation, were optimized for efficient ubiquitylation of a Tau F derived peptide. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the selenalysine linkage undergoes efficient cleavage by deubiquitylating enzymes, comparable to the native isopeptide linkage. The presented method expands the toolbox of site-selective ubiquitylation techniques. It is tolerant to many functional groups and will help to further elucidate the complexities of ubiquitylation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16946,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Peptide Science","volume":"31 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/psc.70037","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144551152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luana Lastella, Marco Zecca, Paolo Centomo, Karel Jeřábek, Fernando Formaggio, Ivan Guryanov, Antonio Ricci, Barbara Biondi
{"title":"Toward a Green SPPS: The Use of an Innovative Mesoporous pDVB Support for Environmentally Friendly Solvents","authors":"Luana Lastella, Marco Zecca, Paolo Centomo, Karel Jeřábek, Fernando Formaggio, Ivan Guryanov, Antonio Ricci, Barbara Biondi","doi":"10.1002/psc.70038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/psc.70038","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study explores the use of a novel polymeric mesoporous support (pDVB) for solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS), with the aim of improving the efficiency and sustainability of the process. The pDVB support, functionalized with the Fmoc-Rink amide linker, offers advantages over conventional supports based on gel-type, lightly crosslinked polymer skeletons, particularly with regard to reduced reliance on swelling capacity, which allows the use of a wider range of solvents. The work focuses on <i>greener</i> and eco-friendly solvents such as TEP, ACN, IPA, and their mixtures with DMSO to replace toxic solvents such as DMF. The synthesis of two model peptide sequences, Fmoc-LLVF-NH<sub>2</sub> and ACP(65–74), showed that pDVB-Rink performs better than a conventional-type Rink Amide MBHA support, especially when using environmentally friendly solvents. These results suggest that mesoporous pDVB-Rink is a promising solid support for SPPS to reduce the use of toxic solvents and to improve sustainability.</p>","PeriodicalId":16946,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Peptide Science","volume":"31 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/psc.70038","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144520229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Catarina Gonçalves, Miguel A. R. B. Castanho, Marco Cavaco, Vera Neves
{"title":"Antimigratory and Antiproliferative Effects of the Brain-Targeted Peptide Conjugate PepH3-vCPP2319 on Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cell Cultures","authors":"Catarina Gonçalves, Miguel A. R. B. Castanho, Marco Cavaco, Vera Neves","doi":"10.1002/psc.70035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/psc.70035","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive breast cancer subtype affecting mostly younger women with a poor 5-year overall survival. It is characterized by a high metastization rate, particularly to the brain, where the blood–brain barrier (BBB) hinders the pharmaceuticals delivery. New anticancer drugs able to inhibit cell migration are required to effectively prevent the development of metastasis. PepH3-vCPP2319 (AGILKRW(Ahx)WRRRYRRWRRRRRQRRRPRR-amide), consisting of the conjugation of the BBB peptide shuttle (BBBpS) PepH3 (AGILKRW-amide) to the anticancer peptide (ACP) vCPP2319 (WRRRYRRWRRRRRQRRRPRR-amide), was reported to have high anticancer activity (IC<sub>50</sub> = 5.0 μM) toward highly aggressive TNBC cells (MDA-MB-231) paired with 2-fold increased accumulation in the brain when compared to unconjugated vCPP2319. Herein, we demonstrate that PepH3-vCPP2319 inhibits cell migration and proliferation in wound healing assays, outperforming the gold standard small chemical inhibitor, iCRT-3. The concentration required to inhibit cell migration is 10-fold lower for PepH3-vCPP2319 (0.5 μM) when compared with iCRT-3 (50 μM). Likewise, PepH3-vCPP2319 at 2.5 μM was more efficient in preventing cell proliferation when compared with 50 μM iCRT-3, with 45% reduction in spheroid diameter. This study sheds light on the antimetastatic potential of PepH3-vCPP2319 through abrogation of cell migration to distant sites, including the brain.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16946,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Peptide Science","volume":"31 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144323343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Barbara Biondi, Fernando Formaggio, Claudio Toniolo, Cristina Peggion, Marco Crisma
{"title":"π-Turns in Peptides: A Crystal-State Literature Survey","authors":"Barbara Biondi, Fernando Formaggio, Claudio Toniolo, Cristina Peggion, Marco Crisma","doi":"10.1002/psc.70036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/psc.70036","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The results of an analysis on the presence of π-turns, characterized by an <i>i</i> ← <i>i</i> + 5 C=O···H–N intramolecular hydrogen bond, in the X-ray diffraction structures of peptides are discussed. The survey returned a total of 55 π-turn occurrences in linear and cyclic peptides. π-Turns characterized by a helical conformation for residue <i>i</i> + 4, but with a screw sense opposite to that of the three preceding residues, are largely prevailing. They are often found at the C-end of incipient or fully developed α-helices, 3<sub>10</sub>-helices, and mixed α-/3<sub>10</sub>-helices, thus acting as a C-capping motif. However, the structures of two linear peptides and 15 cyclopeptides indicate that these types of π-turns can exist in isolation, without the support of a preceding helix. The frequent presence of additional intramolecular hydrogen bonds internal to the π-turn is also investigated. Cyclopeptides offered examples of two types of π-turns that have no parallel in the structures of proteins. Differently from proteins, π-turns characterized by helical ϕ, ψ sets of the same screw sense for all internal residues are hitherto unreported in the X-ray diffraction structures of peptides. A suggestion for the rational design in peptides/peptidomimetics of a π-turn featuring the screw-sense reversal of residue <i>i</i> + 4 is proposed.</p>","PeriodicalId":16946,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Peptide Science","volume":"31 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/psc.70036","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144292344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Atike Nur Cimen, Melis Hazal Porsuk, Ozlem Kutlu, Sibel Cetinel
{"title":"Phage Display–Selected Peptides: Research and Clinical Applications in Cancer Imaging","authors":"Atike Nur Cimen, Melis Hazal Porsuk, Ozlem Kutlu, Sibel Cetinel","doi":"10.1002/psc.70034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/psc.70034","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Phage display has emerged as a groundbreaking technique for discovering novel biomolecules with significant applications in cancer diagnosis and therapy. This technique employs genetically engineered bacteriophages to display diverse libraries of peptides on their coat proteins, enabling the identification of candidates through a biopanning process targeting specific cancer markers. Biomolecules identified via phage display are widely used as molecular tools, often labeled with imaging agents or conjugated to nanoparticles for noninvasive tumor imaging. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in phage display applications in cancer research over the past 5 years and prominent examples of clinical studies. The analysis underscores the potential of phage display to deliver diagnostic and therapeutic biomolecules, highlighting its promise for future clinical implementation in cancer imaging.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16946,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Peptide Science","volume":"31 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144206372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Structural Modification and Antitumor Activity Study of Peptide Codesane: Discovery of Novel Stapled Peptide Antitumor Agents","authors":"Qingmei Li, Lijuan Qiu, Yong Li","doi":"10.1002/psc.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/psc.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The discovery of novel candidate molecules that may transform cancer treatment carries significant clinical implications. Codesane (COD), an 18-amino acid peptide extracted from the wild bee venom of <i>Colletes daviesanus</i>, is categorized as a cationic α-helical amphipathic antimicrobial peptide. COD, produced via solid-phase peptide synthesis, displayed significant antitumor activity in vitro. However, its application as a drug is restricted by conformational flexibility, poor serum stability, and low selectivity. This research focused on designing, synthesizing, and evaluating a series of stapled COD derivatives by all-hydrocarbon stapling strategy. Compared to the original peptide COD, several of these stapled derivatives showed significant enhancements in α-helicity, serum resistance, antitumor activity, and cell selectivity. Significantly, the stapled derivative COD-5, which possesses high helicity, good serum stability, and favorable selectivity, shows promising potential for novel antitumor drug development, whereas COD-3, characterized by high selectivity and good antitumor activity, serves as a preferred candidate for novel breast cancer therapeutic drugs. These findings provide a solid foundation for developing innovative and highly effective antitumor therapies.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16946,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Peptide Science","volume":"31 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144117871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Antibody Labeling With FITC Facilitates Controlled Release From Peptide Hydrogels Bearing Fc-Binding Motifs","authors":"Tania L. Lopez-Silva, Joel P. Schneider","doi":"10.1002/psc.70032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/psc.70032","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Controlled release systems can enhance the efficacy of therapeutic antibodies, particularly for subcutaneous delivery where high or frequent doses are needed. Herein, we designed a peptide hydrogel that displays the binding motif HWRGWV, which targets the Fc-region of IgG. Release studies of FITC-labeled IgG from gel formulations demonstrated slow-release dependent on the Fc-binding motif's content as expected. However, the slow-release profile was diminished when using unlabeled IgG or the antibody Cetuximab, which lacks FITC. This observation and subsequent experiments show that the FITC label directly interacts with the Fc-binding motif displayed from the peptide nanofiber network to modulate release. Further, hydrogels bearing a scrambled version of the Fc-binding motif provide a similar slow-release profile for IgG-FITC but fast release for unlabeled antibodies, indicating that FITC binding of the Fc-binding motif is not specific in nature. Rather, nonspecific electrostatic and aromatic interactions most likely dictate binding and the observed slow-release kinetics of antibody from the gel. This work highlights the importance of considering fluorophore interactions when developing systems for the controlled release of antibodies and more importantly suggests that fluorophores can be used as affinity tags to control the release of protein from hydrogels with possible applications in theragnostic delivery.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16946,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Peptide Science","volume":"31 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Peptide-Based Catalyst Mimicking Hydrolase Enzyme","authors":"Kalpana Kumari, Vivek Prakash, Naveen Kumar, Vibin Ramakrishnan","doi":"10.1002/psc.70031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/psc.70031","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Peptide-based nanomolecular constructs offer great possibilities for designing catalytic molecular systems mimicking enzymes. In this study, we designed three tripeptide catalysts that can possibly mimic hydrolase enzymes, with the objective of systematically verifying the scope of modulating enzymatic activity. Histidine residue was placed at three different locations in Fmoc-tripeptide sequences, thus generating three chemically similar but sequentially different molecules, P1, P2, and P3. From our study, the peptide catalyst P3 has shown maximum catalytic activity with a chromogenic substrate, <i>p</i>-nitrophenyl acetate, that gets hydrolyzed to <i>p</i>-nitrophenol. The catalytic activity has increased with an increase in pH and temperature, though pH dependency cannot be generalized and can vary depending on the reaction mechanism. Importantly, this study successfully demonstrates the possibility of modulating the activity of functional mimics of bioactive molecules by tuning the principal components of functional molecules.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16946,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Peptide Science","volume":"31 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144100579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}