Journal of Quaternary Science最新文献

{"title":"Pleistocene habitats for proboscideans from five sites in the Japanese archipelago: Insights from isotopic composition of tooth enamel and dentin collagen","authors":"Yuichi I. Naito","doi":"10.1002/jqs.3697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.3697","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Megafauna became extinct during the late Quaternary, with climate changes and human activities the two main proposed extinction drivers. <i>Palaeoloxodon naumanni</i> (Naumann's elephant) and <i>Mammuthus primigenius</i> roamed the Japanese archipelago during the Pleistocene. In contrast to the increasing amount of chronological information regarding extinct elephants, stable isotopic composition of these animals is less well studied, despite its potential to reveal foraging ecologies and surrounding paleoenvironments. The isotopic compositions were measured for tooth enamel and dentin collagen of fifteen <i>P. naumanni</i> and five <i>Mammuthus</i> sp. specimens from Lake Nojiri in Honshu and four sites in Hokkaido, Japan. Statistical differences were observed between the carbon isotopic composition of tooth enamel of the Lake Nojiri elephants and those of the two elephant species in Hokkaido, suggesting more open grassland for the former. In Hokkaido, no overlap was observed in the isotopic compositions of the two species, suggesting a separation in foraging behaviors. The specimens had relatively low nitrogen isotopic composition for Late Pleistocene elephants possibly reflecting an environmental stress at the edge of their distributions. The large isotopic variations of Naumann's elephants suggest that their demise was not triggered by inflexibility in their feeding strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":16929,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quaternary Science","volume":"40 4","pages":"579-587"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jqs.3697","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143944882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New palaeolimnological record from West Anatolia (Paleo-Kuleönü Lake) provides new information on the activity of the Gölcük volcanism and the distribution of the Santorini Minoan eruption","authors":"Çetin Şenkul,&nbsp;Yasemin Ünlü,&nbsp;Yavuz Özdemİr,&nbsp;Yusuf Kağan Kadioğlu,&nbsp;Şule Gürboğa","doi":"10.1002/jqs.3688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.3688","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Anatolia, which had active volcanoes during the Pleistocene and Holocene periods, was also influenced by volcanic eruptions around the Eastern Mediterranean. Therefore, tephrochronology is an important research topic in palaeoenvironmental studies conducted in Anatolia. This study focuses on the geochemical characteristics, chronologies and source areas of six different tephra layers identified in a 16 m sediment core obtained from Paleo-Kuleönü Lake in the Lake District of West Anatolia. Whole-rock geochemistry is used to determine the geochemical characteristics and source of the tephra layers, micro X-ray fluorescence analysis is used to determine relative element changes throughout the cores, and ¹⁴C analysis is performed to establish the chronologies. The geochemistry of the Paleo-Kuleönü Lake tephra layers is consistent with the Gölcük volcanism located in West Anatolia province and the Minoan eruption within the Aegean volcanic province. The layers that resemble the geochemistry of the Gölcük volcanism accumulated at ~33 218 cal a \u0000<span>bp</span> (PLK-19-1; 30 cm), ~32 267 cal a \u0000<span>bp</span> (PLK-19-2: 18 cm), ~31 597 cal a \u0000<span>bp</span> (PLK-19-3; 8 cm), ~31 300 cal a \u0000<span>bp</span> (PLK-19-4; 17 cm) and ~26547 cal a \u0000<span>bp</span> (PLK-19-5; 13 cm) and are associated with the last eruptive cycle (Cycle III) of the volcanism. The closest tephra layer to the surface in the sediment core, designated as PLK-19-6 (~1.5 cm), shows geochemical similarities with the Santorini Minoan eruption. However, according to our data, the age of the tephra layer is ~4717 \u0000<span>bp</span>/~5542 cal a \u0000<span>bp</span>, which is inconsistent with the widely accepted date for the Minoan eruption in the literature. The discrepancy between the geochemical match and chronological inconsistency is discussed in the context of the results presented in the paper.</p>","PeriodicalId":16929,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quaternary Science","volume":"40 3","pages":"420-436"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lake level fluctuation controls the formation, types, and abundance of coated grains in hypersaline lakes: a case study from Urmia Lake (NW Iran)","authors":"Gülgün Ertunç,&nbsp;Ali Mohammadi,&nbsp;Attila Çiner,&nbsp;Kürşad Kadir Eriş,&nbsp;Erkan Aydar,&nbsp;Razyeh Lak,&nbsp;Ömer Yetemen","doi":"10.1002/jqs.3694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.3694","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The hypersaline Urmia Lake in NW Iran offers unique sedimentary environments sensitive to climate and environmental shifts, fostering coated grain formation and serving as a vital indicator of paleoenvironmental conditions. This study characterizes coated grains within a 25-m sediment core dating back to ~50 cal ka <span>bp</span>, assessing their significance through morphology, internal structures, mineralogy, and geochemistry. Coated grains in Urmia Lake exhibit concentric laminations, primarily calcite and aragonite, revealing alternating light carbonate-rich and dark organic-rich laminations. These reflect seasonal and long-term variations in water chemistry and biogenic production. Dry season algal blooms contribute to lamination, highlighting the interplay between seasonal climate fluctuations and the consequent lake water enrichment in calcium, carbonate, and bicarbonate ions. The diversity and abundance of coated grains indicate three main lake level fluctuation stages in the last ~50 cal ka: a lowering stage with dominant coated grains, a low lake level with dominant terrigenous fragments and minerals, and a high lake level with prominent <i>Artemia urmiana</i> fecal pellets. The role of the brine shrimp <i>A. urmiana</i> in coated grain formation involves absorbing calcium, carbonate, and bicarbonate ions and inhibiting coated grain formation during high lake levels while providing nuclei during lake lowering. An in-depth investigation of coated grains provides a chemical and biological formation framework, highlighting three main episodes in the lake's history.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16929,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quaternary Science","volume":"40 3","pages":"400-419"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geomorphology and chronology of Late Quaternary terrace staircases of the Sakarya River, northwest Türkiye","authors":"Ebubekir Karakoca,&nbsp;Levent Uncu,&nbsp;Mehmet Akif Sarikaya,&nbsp;Eren Şahiner,&nbsp;Oğuzhan Köse","doi":"10.1002/jqs.3695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.3695","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Sakarya, one of the longest rivers in northwest Anatolia, has significant geomorphological units along its course including terrace systems that have potential to reveal the tectonic and geomorphological evolution of the region. The aim of this research was to identify the processes that have influenced the formation of terrace systems based on regional and local tectonic activities during the Late Quaternary and effects of global climatic changes on levels of the Black Sea. In particular along the İnhisar–Osmaneli section of the Sakarya River, the terrace systems, which are determined at four different levels, are crucial in terms of illuminating the geomorphological development of the region during the Late Quaternary. Our optically stimulated luminescence results revealed three different ages of deposition: 158.03 ± 12.93, 150.97 ± 8.49 and 55.07 ± 4.57 ka (Middle–Late Pleistocene). This permitted calculation of a mean regional uplift rate of 0.18 ± 0.03 mm a^–1 since the Middle–Late Pleistocene. The younger terrace remnants correspond to Late Pleistocene Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3c (interstadial) and the older ones to Late Middle Pleistocene MIS 6b (interstadial). This implies that the Sakarya River accumulated floodplain sediments, now terraces, during relatively warm and humid periods. On the other hand, in cold and/or cold–warm transition periods, it created terraces by incision into the river bed. This interpretation implies that fluvial incision in the region was a response to regional uplift that has been continuing for at least the last 158 ka.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16929,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quaternary Science","volume":"40 3","pages":"386-399"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A record of monsoon rainforest variability from the Kimberley region in northwestern Australia","authors":"Rachel C. Rudd,&nbsp;Teresa Dixon,&nbsp;John Nikolaus Callow,&nbsp;Patricia S. Gadd,&nbsp;Sabika Maizma,&nbsp;Geraldine Jacobsen,&nbsp;Patrick Moss,&nbsp;Hamish McGowan","doi":"10.1002/jqs.3693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.3693","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Northern Australia experiences extreme seasonality via the Indo-Australian summer monsoon, with high inter-annual variability in hydroclimate. Understanding the influence of hydrological variability on the landscape through the period of human occupation provides important environmental context to support the interpretation of the rich archaeological and rock art records of the region. The development of terrestrial records of environmental change has remained challenging due to the limited traditional palaeoenvironmental archives in the region. This study reports on the potential of sediments from ecologically significant monsoon rainforest patches to further elucidate the palaeoenvironmental history of the Kimberley. An ~19 000-year record of monsoon rainforest variability is presented, inferred from pollen, charcoal and major element geochemical analysis. Monsoon rainforest-associated taxa vary in abundance through the deglacial and the Holocene, which is compared to broad-scale hydroclimate variability inferred from previous studies in the region. The persistence of arboreal, riparian and monsoon rainforest-associated taxa suggest a positive moisture balance at the site throughout the period archived. Fire activity inferred from micro- and macrocharcoal is greatest over the last ~6000 years, and broadly corresponds to periods when monsoon rainforest-associated taxa are less abundant. Challenges remain in using this type of site as an archive of environmental change, but they also present an opportunity to extend previous records both spatially and temporally with thousands of monsoon rainforest patches present across the Kimberley, and similar ecosystems found across northern Australia.</p>","PeriodicalId":16929,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quaternary Science","volume":"40 2","pages":"243-256"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jqs.3693","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143370102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Past hydro-pedological events and trend reflected in the Mid–Late Holocene alluvial record of the Middle Rhône Valley and tributaries: A new reference for South East France","authors":"Jean-Francois Berger,&nbsp;Jacques Leopold Brochier","doi":"10.1002/jqs.3692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.3692","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This paper proposes a new approach to quantitative geomorphology and paleopedology in the mid-Rhône valley (MRV) based on a compilation of geomorphological metadata from 25 tributaries of the Rhône river and subordinate floodbasins, including 51 geomorphological and paleopedological sites. This study compares two types of hydrogeomorphological data formalization: a temporal similarities analysis between paleosols and fluvial aggradation of sub-basins, and a quantitative analysis by summed probability distributions comparing floodplain stability and activity phases in cumulative density functions of categorized ¹⁴C and chronocultural dates. Alluvial chronologies at centennial to millennial time scales, coinciding with a modification in sedimentation rate, or river style, demonstrate temporal and spatial patterning of MRV alluviation, pedogenesis and erosion across the western Prealpine region, with detection of 24 main Holocene alternative periods (activity versus stability). To explore possible large-scale hydroclimatic teleconnections, the Holocene MRV results are aligned, and correlations are made, with those of a range of paleohydrological proxy studies from all Rhône drainage basins, Western Europe and the Mediterranean. The MRV rivers respond to the majority of Holocene rapid climatic changes and from 4000/3000 cal a \u0000<span>bp</span> to an accelerated sediment delivery and torrentiality from slopes and headwaters, which results in the development of sedimentary cascades from upstream to downstream in the Rhône valley to the delta (the main drivers are discussed in detail in in a companion paper to follow).</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16929,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quaternary Science","volume":"40 4","pages":"711-733"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143944584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Pleistocene Witch Ground Ice Stream in the central North Sea","authors":"Benedict T. I. Reinardy,&nbsp;Jens Karstens,&nbsp;Christoph Böttner,&nbsp;Anna Lichtschlag,&nbsp;Christian Berndt,&nbsp;Nichola A. Strandberg,&nbsp;Ben J. Callow","doi":"10.1002/jqs.3691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.3691","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The North Sea Basin has been covered by ice sheets originating from both the British Isles and Scandinavia at multiple times during the Pleistocene. The Witch Ground Basin (WGB) in the central northern North Sea is a critical location in terms of interpreting Late Pleistocene glacial to glacimarine history of the North Sea since it was the location of the Witch Ground Ice Stream that was active on multiple occasions during the Mid to Late Pleistocene. We map five mega-scale glacial lineation flowsets corresponding to the changing ice flow direction of the Witch Ground Ice Stream and investigate the sedimentological fingerprint and corresponding subglacial depositional processes of this palaeo-ice stream. We show that sorted sand layers within a subglacial traction till represent periodic hydraulic jacking and ice–bed decoupling at the base of the Witch Ground Ice Stream. In contrast to previous studies that have described glacitectonites deposited below the most recent grounded ice in the WGB, we present analysis of sediment cores that recovered primarily massive diamictons without any obvious deformation structures. The most recent ice cover in the WGB (~18–16 ka) was thought to have been sourced from a localized ice cap over Orkney and Shetland. The presence of chalk clasts sourced from NW of the WGB described in this study from the stratigraphically youngest till confirms this interpretation. The transition from subglacial to glacimarine deposition, while acoustically well defined (from opaque to laminated acoustic units), appears surprisingly uniform in the recovered sediment cores, but can be differentiated based on a change in colour including mottling and banding, presence of whole intact shells, and the increased number of silt and sand lenses. ¹⁴C dating of glacimarine muds indicate high sedimentation rates of between 80 and 260 cm ka⁻¹. The transition from glacimarine to marine deposition is represented by a comparative decrease in sedimentation rate and deposition of Holocene age sandy mud. This study demonstrates a highly dynamic Witch Ground Ice Stream in the northern North Sea during the Late Pleistocene with evolving subglacial hydrology and depositional processes at the ice stream bed that left a distinct geomorphological and sedimentological fingerprint within the WGB.</p>","PeriodicalId":16929,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quaternary Science","volume":"40 2","pages":"185-200"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jqs.3691","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143370101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New records of Lutra simplicidens Thenius, 1965 from Europe","authors":"Adrian Marciszak,&nbsp;Alfie Bower","doi":"10.1002/jqs.3689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.3689","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>New material of <i>Lutra simplicidens</i>, a key species for understanding the evolution of Eurasian Lutrinae, is described from the English site of Corton (0.7‒0.6 Ma) and the Polish site of Żabia Cave (1.7‒1.5 Ma). Both records are represented by incomplete mandibles with partially preserved dentition. The record from Żabia Cave documents the presence of an older and more carnivorous <i>Lutra simplicidens tamanensis</i>. A less carnivorous <i>Lutra simplicidens simplicidens</i> was found in Corton. Both findings contribute valuable data on the evolutionary history of the species.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16929,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quaternary Science","volume":"40 2","pages":"355-366"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143370064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paleoearthquakes along the northeastern segment of the Yabrai range-front fault in the Alashan Block, northeast of the Tibetan Plateau","authors":"Chao Xie,&nbsp;Wei Li,&nbsp;Xiang Liu,&nbsp;Hao Dang,&nbsp;Yuemin Huang,&nbsp;Pengwei Long","doi":"10.1002/jqs.3690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.3690","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Yabrai range-front fault (YRF) is a large-scale fault within the Alashan Block, located northeast of the Tibetan Plateau, which has undergone several surface rupture events on the southwestern and middle segments since the late Quaternary. As no relevant research has been conducted on the northeastern segment, paleoseismic data for this area are lacking, which restricts our overall understanding of the spatiotemporal and intensity distribution of strong earthquakes on the YRF. To address this problem, we conducted investigations based on trench wall interpretation and stratigraphic optically stimulated luminescence ages. Four paleoearthquakes were identified in the middle of the northeastern segment, and occurred after 11.6 ± 0.7 ka and between 11.6 ± 0.7 to 6.9 ± 0.5, 6.9 ± 0.5 to 4.8 ± 0.6 and 4.8 ± 0.6 to 3.9 ± 0.7 ka, respectively. Three paleoearthquake events, one of which occurred at around 23.6 ± 1.6 ka, were identified at the northeastern end of the fault. According to the spatiotemporal distribution of the ruptured events on the YRF, the middle segment may be a long seismic gap (~8 ka), and combined with the status of tectonic stress concentration, this segment can be regarded as a zone of high seismic probability with the ability to produce a magnitude 7.2 earthquake. Furthermore, from the late Pleistocene to early Holocene, cascading ruptures may have occurred on the middle and northeastern segments of the YRF, with magnitudes approaching 7.3. In terms of tectonic relationships, we suggest that the YRF and the Langshan piedmont fault are two independent faults even though they are connected.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16929,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quaternary Science","volume":"40 2","pages":"372-384"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143370062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental history of Lake Mariout at the ‘Marea’/Philoxenite archeological site, northern Egypt, during the Hellenistic–early Islamic periods as seen by fossil diatoms","authors":"ABDELFATTAH A. Zalat,&nbsp;Tomasz Derda,&nbsp;Fabian Welc,&nbsp;Mariusz Gwiazda","doi":"10.1002/jqs.3686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.3686","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Diatom analysis of sediments obtained from five cores drilled in Lake Mariout and the ‘Marea’/Philoxenite archeological site southwest of Alexandria, Egypt, allows us to reconstruct the lake's environmental history during the Hellenistic–early Islamic periods. The distribution pattern and the variation in relative abundance of recognized diatoms differentiated each core section into characteristic zones. These zones are interrupted by periods of poor preservation or non-diatom deposition that coincide with fluctuating lake phases of freshwater flooding of the Nile during humid warm episodes and arid phases associated with a reduction in the Nile's water influx that provides Lake Mariout with fresh water. A rising water level of Lake Mariout is estimated from the great abundance of riverine, planktonic <i>Aulacoseira</i> species. A lowering of water level was linked to a high abundance of brackish water taxa and/or periods of non-diatom deposition. Furthermore, the absence of diatoms at two intervals in Core 1 is associated with silty clay with an abundance of gypsum crystals which point to falling water lake levels with increasing temperature during dry periods. However, the intervals of poor preservation or no diatoms in other cores at ‘Marea’/Philoxenite are presumably related to the coarser nature of the sediment that indicate a major lake level lowstand, a high-energy depositional environment together with increased salinity and alkalinity. By comparing the diatom data in the examined cores, it is clear that the <i>Aulacoseira granulata</i> assemblage zone is characteristic of the Roman and Byzantine periods, which reflects relatively rising water levels due to Nile water inflow via the Canopic Nile branch and thus the connection between the canal and lake during this time. Furthermore, the predominance of <i>Aulacoseira granulata</i> with some pollution-tolerant taxa indicates extensive human occupation during the Roman–Byzantine periods, which is evidenced by increased nutrient concentration with higher input of humic substances due to human activities and their influence on the lake ecosystem.</p>","PeriodicalId":16929,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quaternary Science","volume":"40 2","pages":"287-302"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jqs.3686","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143370063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}