Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences最新文献

{"title":"A comparative study of automatic hippocampal segmentation in whole-brain radiotherapy applying DPNU-Net, Mask-RCNN, and nnU-Net models","authors":"Rui Liu ,&nbsp;Shao-Bin Wang ,&nbsp;Shan-Shan Du ,&nbsp;Kang-Ning Meng ,&nbsp;Ruo-Zheng Wang ,&nbsp;Lu Bai ,&nbsp;Qi Chen ,&nbsp;Guan-Zhong Gong ,&nbsp;Yong Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2024.101274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2024.101274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study developed a hippocampal segmentation model that can be used by clinicians by applying the Dual Path Networks U-Net (DPNU-Net), Mask-Region Convolution Neural Networks (Mask-RCNN), and No New U-Net (nnU-Net) algorithms for segmenting the hippocampus to provide a reference for the accurate implementation of hippocampal-avoidance whole-brain radiotherapy (HA-WBRT).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We retrospectively collected T1-weighted imaging (T1WI) and contrast-enhanced (CE)- T1WI sequence magnetic resonance images of 312 patients with brain metastases, of which 62 served as the test set and 250 as the training set. Manual segmentation was used as the gold standard to compare the differences in the dice similarity coefficient (DSC), relative volume error (RVE), 95% hausdorff distance (95%HD) and average surface distance (ASD) of the DPNU-Net, Mask-RCNN, and nnU-Net models for segmenting the hippocampus in different images.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>(1) Compared with manual segmentation, the DPNU-Net, Mask-RCNN, and nnU-Net models segmented the hippocampus based on T1WI with DSCs of 0.819–0.897, RVEs of −3.40% to 1.40%, 95%HDs of 0.813–37.425 mm, ASDs of 0.155–3.907 mm. The best segmentation effect was achieved by using the DPNU-Net model. (2) Based on the CE-T1WI, the DSCs of the DPNU-Net, Mask-RCNN, and nnU-Net models compared with manual segmentation were 0.791–0.879, whereas the RVEs were −1.90% to 2.20%, 95%HDs were 0.915–47.812 mm, and the ASDs were 0.210–5.384 mm. The segmentation effect of the DPNU-Net model was the best. (3) When comparing the DPNU-Net, Mask-RCNN, and nnU-Net models for T1WI and CE-T1WI segmentation, the differences in the DSC, 95%HD, ASD and volumes of the hippocampi segmented by the DPNU-Net model between the two sequences of images were the smallest.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Considering automatic hippocampal segmentation, the DPNU-Net model had a higher accuracy and more stable performance than the Mask-RCNN and nnU-Net models. Thus the DPNU-Net model can be used as a practical method for automatic hippocampal segmentation in the HA-WBRT technique.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":"Article 101274"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143135642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unsteady magnetized Ree-Eyring radiative hybrid nanofluid flow over a permeable biaxial shrinking sheet with Cattaneo-Christov heat flux effect","authors":"Yousra Nazneen ,&nbsp;Muhammad Rooman ,&nbsp;Zahir Shah ,&nbsp;Mansoor H. Alshehri ,&nbsp;Narcisa Vrinceanu","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2024.101286","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2024.101286","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Utilizing hybrid nanofluids for everyday use is critical to improving heat transfer productivity, particularly for electronics cooling and industrial operations. This article numerically analyzes the flow of unsteady Ree-Eyring hybrid nanofluid through a biaxial stretched/shrinked sheet. Additionally taken into account is the influence of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD), and the energy is further enhanced by Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model and the effect of heat radiation. In this study we used water as the base fluid, copper and titanium nanoparticles are combined to create a hybrid nanofluid.</div></div><div><h3>Design/methodology/approach</h3><div>Based on the previous assumption, the model is firstly expressed as partial differential equations (PDEs), which are then changed into ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by relevant similarity transformations. The resultant system of ODEs with constraints on boundaries is solved computationally with BVP4C (Shooting Method).</div></div><div><h3>Finding</h3><div>Solutions are derived for both the temperature profile and velocity profiles, and also for Nusselt number and skin friction, with associated discussions and the presentation of relevant outcomes depicted using graphs and tables. The findings indicate that as the parameter for magnetism upsurged, the velocity distribution drops, however, the temperature distribution rises. The graphical results also show that for large values of stretching parameter the velocity profile upsurge, while temperature profile declined. The temperature profile increases for large value of thermal relaxation parameter. The data presented in the table indicate the coefficient of skin friction decrease in direction for large stretching parameters. Additionally, the Nusselt number declined for large thermal relaxation parameters.</div></div><div><h3>Originality/value</h3><div>The paper investigates non-Newtonian Ree-Eyring hybrid nanofluid flow across biaxial stretched sheets while accounting for the Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model and the impacts of MHD. The authors point out a dearth of previous research on non-Newtonian hybrid nanofluid flow with similar parameters, and no analogous work has been published. A thorough mathematical analysis is conducted to demonstrate the model's consistency. The authors underline the uniqueness of their findings and confirm that they are original and not based on any other sources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":"Article 101286"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143104409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive learning approach to enhance university students' visualization of molecular geometry in chemical compounds: A case study in Saudi Arabia","authors":"Abdullah Awad Alharbi","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2024.101283","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2024.101283","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Undergraduate university students often struggle with visualizing and understanding molecular structures. Traditional teaching methods often fail to address these challenges effectively.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>Evaluating the effectiveness of an intervention using 3D visualization tools based on the Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) approach to enhance students' understanding of molecular geometry in chemical compounds.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A mixed-methods experimental design was used in 56 undergraduate organic chemistry students at Majmaah University, Saudi Arabia. Participants were randomly assigned to an experimental group utilizing 3D visualization tools or a control group using traditional 2D diagrams and methods. Quantitative data were collected through pre- and post-intervention achievement tests. In addition, qualitative data were gathered at posttest using semi-structured interviews in a subsample of students from the experimental group to evaluate their experiences.Finally, in both groups, students’ pre- and posttest molecular structure drawings were analyzed to evaluate improvements in conceptual understanding and visualization skills.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>At posttest, the experimental group had significantly higher achievement scores than the control group, indicating improved understanding of molecular geometry as a result of the intervention. Students in the experimental group reported increased engagement, motivation, and confidence. They noted that 3D models made molecular structures more concrete and facilitated their spatial reasoning abilities. Analyses of drawings revealed that students in the experimental group produced more accurate and detailed molecular structures after the intervention than their controls, showcasing improved conceptual understanding and visualization abilities.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion and recommendations</h3><div>Integrating 3D visualization tools in chemistry education may enhance students’ conceptual understanding, spatial skills, and engagement. Chemistry curricula should incorporate 3D models to improve learning outcomes, supported by faculty training for effective implementation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":"Article 101283"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143104408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mixed convective and radiative wavy motion of Williamson fluid in the presence of microorganisms","authors":"Atta Ur Rahman,&nbsp;Latif Ahmad","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2024.101271","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2024.101271","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Living microorganisms' existence is a common feature of Newtonian and non-Newtonian radiative materials. The more complex nature of such materials is rigorously determined by including nano-size particles. Considering such particles brought a drastic change in the materials' thermal and other physical properties. Exploration of such behavior occurred in many practical areas, like, engineering, biological and medical, etc. Keeping in view the importance of the wavy dynamics of shear-thinning nonlinear materials, a numerical study is conducted to examine the concept of thermal radiation on higher thermally conductive materials. Furthermore, Biomechanics principles and approximations are used to demonstrate the dynamics of the living microbes is also an integral part of this work. The entire study is further extended to explore the impacts of gravity and surface amplitude. These important aspects are formulated on a gravitationally affected wavy surface and then presented as partial differential equations (PDEs). Similar solutions to the final governing problem are approximated while neglecting the minor non-similar portion of the leading problem. In particular, a built-in modified approximation scheme is applied to demonstrate the boosted conduct of flow speed for different Richardson numbers and Regular double factors. The higher temperature is observed for the maximum radiation factor and a reverse trend is noticed for greater values of the Prandtl number. The larger variation in both the Peclet and Levis numbers led to a reduction in the temperature of the materials. The growing values of the radiation factor and Regular double factors caused to rise the heat transfer rate. The implemented method is then validated through a well-matched comparison by citing the relevant work.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":"Article 101271"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143094895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of MHD radiative casson micropolar hybrid nanofluid over exponential curved stretching sheet","authors":"Nadeem Abbas ,&nbsp;Wasfi Shatanawi ,&nbsp;Fady Hasan ,&nbsp;Taqi A.M. Shatnawi","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2024.101269","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2024.101269","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this analysis, we deliberated a couple stress tensor of Casson micropolar hybrid nanofluid over an exponential curved stretching surface. The impact of joule heating and radiation has been observed. The Laurent forces have been implemented on the normal fluid flow at the stretching surface. Two models of hybrid nanofluid, namely the Xue and Yamada Ota models, have been discussed. The solid nanoparticles of <span><math><mrow><mi>M</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>O</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mrow><mtext>Magnesium</mtext><mspace></mspace><mtext>Oxide</mtext></mrow><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>G</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mrow><mi>S</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>r</mi></mrow><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> have considered having base fluid <span><math><mrow><mi>E</mi><mi>G</mi></mrow></math></span> (Ethylene Glycol). Using the above considerations, we have constructed a mathematical model from governing equations of temperature, momentum, and micro rotational equations. This model has developed in the form of partial differential equations (PDEs). Furthermore, the model has been reduced to nonlinear ordinary differential equations by implementing the transformations. The reduced mathematical model has been cracked by a numerical scheme. The results are defined in the form of graphics and tabular data. As the micropolar factor increases, the rotational effects at the surface increase, reducing the velocity of fluid velocity. On an exponentially curved stretching sheet, the enhanced micropolar effects reduce momentum transfer, decreasing velocity. The fluid viscosity becomes high due to an increment in shear thickening, which forces the fluid to reduce its velocity. The flow experiences additional stretching and curvature-induced effects on an exponentially curved stretching sheet. The fluid motion near the stretching surface is slowed due to increased viscous forces and reduced momentum transfer. Overall, the Yamada Ota model has achieved more temperature as compared to the Xue model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":"Article 101269"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143135654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imaging measurements of percutaneous posterior quadcortical screw fixation of vertebral bodies","authors":"Zheng Xie,&nbsp;Cheng-Shi Liu,&nbsp;Han Yang,&nbsp;Jian Yang,&nbsp;Jian-Ping Kang","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2024.101257","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2024.101257","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>To investigate the feasibility of percutaneous posterior quadcortical screw fixation of adjacent vertebrae for the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases by imaging measurements.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 192 patients with lumbar degenerative diseases who were treated in our hospital from October 2020 to October 2021 were included in this study. They have received percutaneous posterior quadcortical screw fixation of adjacent vertebrae. The insertion point was corrected by inserting quadcortical screws into cadaver specimens. The measured parameters in computed tomography three-dimensional (CT 3D) images main included safety range of screw track angle A, the minimum value of screw track Bmin, and the maximum value of screw track Bmax.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The insertion point was 2 mm below the vertex of the herringbone ridge (the junction of the lateral edge of the lamina, the transverse process, and the base of the superior articular process). Screw track safety range angle A was 18.3°–19.7°. Average value range of minimum Bmin of screw trajectory was 4.99–5.39 cm. Maximum value of screw trajectory Bmax was 6.10–6.46 cm. Average length of screw track Bave was 5.55–5.93 cm.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Percutaneous posterior quadcortical screw fixation of adjacent vertebrae is feasible for the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":"Article 101257"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143094854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional radiative flow of tetra-hybrid nanofluid via oil rig solar panel sheet with catalysis reaction using Yamad-Ota and Hamilton-Crosser models","authors":"Munawar Abbas ,&nbsp;Abdullah A. Faqihi ,&nbsp;Ilyas Khan ,&nbsp;Faisal Salah ,&nbsp;Mastoor M. Abushaega ,&nbsp;Abdulhadi A. Altherwi ,&nbsp;Muhammad Shafique","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2024.101279","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2024.101279","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a framework for examining how solar radiation affects the MHD tetra hybrid nanofluid flow in an extending solar module sheet situated on an offshore solar oil field is presented. A tetra hybrid nanofluid consisting of propylene glycol (<span><math><mrow><mrow><msub><mrow><msub><mi>C</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mi>H</mi></mrow><mn>8</mn></msub><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span> as the improper fluid and <span><math><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>g</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>,</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>u</mi></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>F</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mi>O</mi></mrow><mn>4</mn></msub></mrow></math></span> nanoparticles are used. Renewable energy has the amazing capacity to replace itself more quickly than it is consumed, especially when it comes from natural sources like the sun and wind. This article compares the performance of the Yamada–Ota thermal conductivity tetra hybrid nanofluid model to the Hamilton–Crosser model. In addition to temperature-dependent components like thermal radiation and exponentially and temperature-dependent heat generation, the concentration aspect of tetra hybrid nanofluid is analyzed by considering both heterogeneous and homogeneous chemical processes. The temperature rise of the tetra hybrid nanofluid, which simulates the migration of nanoparticles caused by homogeneous chemical reactions inside the liquid, is investigated. Similarity factors are then used to convert the resulting partial differential equations into ordinary differential equations. After that, numerical results are acquired using the bvp4c scheme, an ODE solver. The higher heat absorbed by the PV sheet due to the increased volume percentage of tetra-hybrid nanoparticles and heat-generating features allows for a variety of applications on the offshore solar rig, such as drilling and navigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":"Article 101279"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143094853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence-based analysis employing Levenberg Marquardt neural networks to study chemically reactive thermally radiative tangent hyperbolic nanofluid flow considering Darcy-Forchheimer theory","authors":"Hamid Qureshi ,&nbsp;Usman Khaliq ,&nbsp;Zahoor Shah ,&nbsp;Hajar Abutuqayqah ,&nbsp;Muhammad Waqas ,&nbsp;S. Saleem ,&nbsp;Waqar Azeem Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2024.101253","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2024.101253","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The complexity of fluid dynamics, or, more specifically, the use of reacting, radiative emitting/absorbing chemically active nanofluids, poses a problem to conventional computational models. To overcome these difficulties, this research seeks to apply the Levenberg–Marquardt Neural Networks (LMA-NN) to analyze the Darcy-Forchheimer solution for flow of radiated tangent hyperbolic fluid using viscous dissipation and activation energy subject to parameter physical features. To convert the nonlinear PDEs into their equivalent ODEs, the similarity transformation coefficients are applied. For each variable, the resulting outcomes are explained. The use of AI is to approximate computations of various physical quantities using datasets generated by the ND-solver algorithm in MATHEMATICA environment. Further, the results are discussed for the variables: curvature parameter, Weissenberg number<strong>,</strong> Prandtl number, radiation parameter, Schmidt number and thermal diffusivity coefficients. Probabilistic instance distribution research involving error-histograms, continual curve modeling at each progressive step at epochs, review of the adaptive control parameters of artificial intelligence (AI) based feeding neural network computing, and testing of the coefficient through regression model metric are used to establish and validate the convergence, accuracy as well as the effectiveness of the recommended AI-based analysis on Levenberg Marquardt evaluator through MATLAB. The results in eight scenarios for the proposed Levenberg–Marquardt neural networks model were highly precise, with error values of 6.76E-12, 2.58E-10, 4.07E-10, 2.24E-10, 6.90E-11, 4.04E-10, 4.85E-10, and 1. The contrary epochs of convergence were 115, 436, 299, 564, 236, 332, 145, and 416, correspondingly. The above outcomes demonstrate the effectiveness of the idea in using the given problem in fluid dynamics analysis while also proving to be less erroneous than other existing powerful techniques.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":"Article 101253"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143135195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning based on reliable and sustainable electricity supply from renewable energy sources in the agriculture sector","authors":"Ahmed I. Taloba,&nbsp;Alanazi Rayan","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2024.101282","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2024.101282","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electricity is essential for several agricultural operations, including handling, processing, and storing cattle. However, non-renewable energy sources account for most of the industry's electricity today, posing significant environmental and financial challenges. The report emphasizes that the agriculture business needs an uninterrupted supply of power from renewable energy sources to tackle this issue. This study addresses the urgent need for a sustainable energy supply by exploring renewable energy sources in agriculture. The study proposes an artificial neural network (ANN) model to predict the energy requirements of agricultural operations based on factors such as GDP, population, renewable energy consumption, and electricity costs. The ANN model effectively captures the complex relationships between these variables, utilizing historical meteorological data and energy consumption patterns to forecast energy output from renewable sources. The Adam optimizer is employed to enhance ANN training. The results indicate a strong model performance, with an R² value of 0.95, demonstrating that the model accounts for approximately 95% of the variance in energy needs. Additionally, the model achieved a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.051 and a mean square error (MSE) of 0.0026, confirming its predictive accuracy. Compared to traditional benchmark methods, the Adam optimized ANN outperforms them in accuracy and efficiency. The RF model achieved an R² of 0.88, RMSE of 0.091, and MSE of 0.0081; the LSTM model achieved R² of 0.94, RMSE of 0.053, and MSE of 0.0028; the Gradient Boosting model produced an R² of 0.82, RMSE of 0.089, and MSE of 0.008; and the SVM model delivered an R² of 0.75, RMSE of 0.1, and MSE of 0.01. This research contributes to enhancing the sustainability of agriculture by promoting the adoption of renewable energy solutions, ultimately supporting resilience against climate change and fostering sustainable growth in the sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":"Article 101282"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143094971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Irreversibility analysis of bio-convection nanofluid flow in a Darcy-Forchheimer porous medium induced by a rotating disk with thermal radiation","authors":"Farhan Ali ,&nbsp;A. Zaib ,&nbsp;Maawiya Ould Sidi ,&nbsp;Umair Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2024.101273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2024.101273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanofluid has produced substantial contributions to better efficiency in energy usage along with reduced heat transfer. Motivated by these uses, this study represents an effort to explore the second law analysis in the Darcy-Forchheimer bioconvection flow of nanoliquid toward stagnant point flow in the direction of a revolving disk. To clarify the dynamics of heat transmission, the effects of non-linear thermal radiation and heat generation/absorption are presented. To examine the fluid thermal characteristics, the convective boundary is additionally taken into account. The updated Buongiorno concept is employed to study new elements of thermophoresis with Brownian motion with the transport of nanoparticles in moving fluids. The constitutions equations can be converted through dimensionless ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using the von Karman components. We employ a numerical approach termed the bvp4c scheme, which employs the shooting method to obtain the numerical solution of the governing ODEs. The Matlab software is used to obtain the solutions of the existing modeled equations. Visual analysis is employed to examine the impact of various governing variables on the velocity, thermal layer, concentration, microbe density, entropy production, and Bejan distributions. Besides, the numerical data on drag force, heat, mass, and motile density are tabulated. It has been noted that when the inertia coefficient and permeability of the porous media enhance, the disc's radial and azimuthal velocities decay while its axial velocity tends to escalate. The heat transport of nanoliquid enhances as the Biot number and thermophoretic variable goes up, whereas the distribution of motile gyrotactic microorganisms diminutions as the Lewis number intensifies. As the Brinkman number and temperature difference variable parameters enrich, so does the rate of entropy formation and Bejan number.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":"Article 101273"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143094894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}