Journal of Range Management最新文献

Grasses and Grassland Farming 草和草地农业

Journal of Range Management Pub Date : 2012-07-28 DOI: 10.2307/3894090

L. Hamilton, H. W. Staten

引用次数: 6

The Study of Plant Communities: An Introduction to Plant Ecology 植物群落研究:植物生态学导论

Journal of Range Management Pub Date : 2011-09-12 DOI: 10.2307/3894710

A. W. Sampson, H. J. Oosting

引用次数: 82

Research observation: Daily movement patterns of hill climbing and bottom dwelling cowsfull access 研究观察:爬坡和底栖奶牛的日常活动模式

Journal of Range Management Pub Date : 2011-01-01 DOI: 10.2458/AZU_JRM_V57I1_BAILEY

D. Bailey, Martina R. Keil, L. Rittenhouse

引用次数: 0

The rangelands of the Sahel. 萨赫勒的牧场。

Journal of Range Management Pub Date : 2006-09-15 DOI: 10.2307/3898226

Pierre Hiernaux, H. N. Houérou

{"title":"The rangelands of the Sahel.","authors":"Pierre Hiernaux, H. N. Houérou","doi":"10.2307/3898226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3898226","url":null,"abstract":"This article is an attempt to review and synthesize the present state of knowledge on the Sahel rangelands in a concise way. Ecological conditions, land use practices, livestock numbers, and livestock production systems are briefly analysed. Range types, dynamics, production, development strategy, and outlook are also reviewed. The conclusion that emerges is that the Sahel should be kept as breeding ground and included in a livestock production stratification strategy which should also involve the higher potential zones further south in the Sudanian and Guinean ecological zones. Such a development stategy implies the improvement of the conditions of range utilization in the Sahel, in particular a better definition of basic resources ownership (range and water) as well as of the marketing and prices policies. The word Suhel is an arabic term which means Shoreline; it has been used for centuries to mean the southern fringe of the Sahara desert; i.e., the shoreline of the desert. It became world known during the dramatic drought that occurred in the region in 1970-73. The Sahel extends over an area of some 2.5 million km2 stretching over 5,500 km from the Atlantic Ocean to the Red Sea, in a strip SOme 450 km wide, between the 14” to 18” of latitude N to the west and the 12”- 16” latitude N to the east. The Sahelian belt thus crosses the African continent almost parallel to the equator. The isohyets run also roughly parallel in the W-E direction with a slight dip of 4% (1.8O) to the S-E, so that a given isohyet is about 220 km further south in the Nile Valley as compared to the ocean coast. The Sahel includes parts of the following 8 countries: Mauritania, Senegal, Mali, Upper Volta, Niger, Chad, Nigeria, and Sudan.","PeriodicalId":16918,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Range Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74307013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 103

Estimating Cattle Gains from Consumption of Digestible Forage on Ponderosa Pine Range (La Estimacion de Ganancias del Ganado Bovino por el Consumo de Forraje Digestible) 在黄松范围内估计牛可消化饲料消耗的收益(牛可消化饲料消耗的收益估计)

Journal of Range Management Pub Date : 2006-06-19 DOI: 10.2307/3896655

H. Pearson

引用次数: 5

Supplementation of Yearling Steers Grazing Fertilized and Unfertilized Northern Plains Rangeland 北方平原牧场施肥与未施肥条件下一岁阉牛的饲粮补充

Journal of Range Management Pub Date : 2006-06-19 DOI: 10.2307/3897979

J. Karn, R. Lorenz

{"title":"Supplementation of Yearling Steers Grazing Fertilized and Unfertilized Northern Plains Rangeland","authors":"J. Karn, R. Lorenz","doi":"10.2307/3897979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3897979","url":null,"abstract":"Supplementation studies were conducted with yearling steers on a silty range site in central North Dakota, where yearly precipitation averaged 380 to 410 mm. The studies were conducted for 3 summers on both fertilized (45 kg N/ha) and unfertilized native pastures. Animal performance was compared to seasonal changes in the chemical composition of pasture samples collected with esophageal-fistulated steers. Chemical composition differences between diet samples from the fertilized and unfertilized pastures were inconsistent, but generally protein was higher and acid detergent fiber lower on the fertilized pasture. Supplementation with barley in the early summer resulted in little benefit, but supplementation with barley in the late summer, especially when pasture digestibility (in vitro) dropped to 50 to 52%, was beneficial on both the fertilized and unfertilized pastures. However, the response was not consistent between years. Barley supplementation appeared to be economically viable, but the feasibility of this practice will vary from year to year, depending on the price of barley relative to the price of steers. The results of protein supplementation were more erratic, possibly because of differences in precipitation patterns and hence plant growth between years. Native rangelands in the Northern Great Plains support good summer weight gains on yearling steers. Therefore, little consideration has been given to use of supplements which might produce still greater and more efficient gains. Rogler and Lorenz (1965) have shown that beef cattle carrying capacity of the Northern Great Plains mixed grass prairie can be approximately doubled with appropriate nitrogen fertilization. However, fertilization was shown to favor the growth of cool-season midgrasses, particularly western wheatgrass (Agropyron smithii), with an associated reduction in the stand of blue grama (Boutelouagracilis), a warm-season shortgrass (Lorenz and Rogler 1972). This shift in species composition alters the seasonal growth pattern and may affect the nutritional value of the grazing animal’s diet. There is limited information available on the chemical composition of native forages in the Northern Great Plains, especially with respect to changes during the grazing season. Information available on the value of supplementing yearling steers grazing native forage is also limited. However, Raleigh (1970) reported positive results from a supplementation scheme developed for use in eastern Oregon. Both crude protein (CP) and energy were supplemented as required to complement the diet of yearling steers grazing crested wheatgrass (Agropyron desertorum). A beneficial effect from energy supplementation of steers grazing spring native range in eastern Colorado has been reported by Denham (1977). These results suggested that CP and/or energy supplementation might also be beneficial to grazing steers in the Northern Plains. Thus the objectives of this study were: (I) to determine the chemiAuth","PeriodicalId":16918,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Range Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90581184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Beef Cattle Performance on Crested Wheatgrass Plus Native Range vs. Native Range Alone 牛肉牛在加本土麦草与单独本土麦草上的生产性能

Journal of Range Management Pub Date : 2006-06-19 DOI: 10.2307/3897978

R. Hart, J. W. W. join, D. H. Clark, C. Kaltenbach, J. Hager, M. B. Marshall

引用次数: 22

Influence of Rootplowing and Seeding on Composition and Forage Production of Native Grasses (La Influencia del Arado Desenraizador Sobre la Produccion y Composicion de los Zacates Nativos) 生根耕作和播种对本地牧草组成和钻探产量的影响(铲斗对本地牧草生产和产量的影响)

Journal of Range Management Pub Date : 2006-06-19 DOI: 10.2307/3896064

G. W. Mathis, M. Kothmann, W. J. Waldrip

引用次数: 1

Analytical Reliability in the Decision Making Process-The Numbers Game 决策过程中的分析可靠性——数字游戏

Journal of Range Management Pub Date : 2006-06-19 DOI: 10.2307/3898000

R. Mcquisten, K. Gebhardt

{"title":"Analytical Reliability in the Decision Making Process-The Numbers Game","authors":"R. Mcquisten, K. Gebhardt","doi":"10.2307/3898000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3898000","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is not intended to give the pros or cons of conventional sampling methods (generators of numbers). Rather, our intent is to emphasize the importance of the credibility and integrity of the generated number, by what ever methodology selected, and point out some problems that can be encountered when numbers are poorly generated or analyzed. As generators of numbers we are responsible for the end-products of data analysis for the decision maker. In response to a 1977 Presidential directive to the Council on Environmental Quality, CEQ, an Interagency Task Force was developed to review present federal environmental monitoring and data collection programs and to recommend effective improvements. The Federal Government depends upon the analyses that result from such programs to direct sound policy and decisions. These directives affect the public health and welfare and result in large annual expenditures of funds by all levels of government and the private sector. During the past few years, several major federal environmental and data collection programs were found to be inadequate. Although concern about the reliability of analytical results has always existed, this concern has come more into focus because of the growing interest and activity in environmental pollution control, with its heavy reliance on analytical results for enforcement, regulation, and litigation. This concern primarily is due to the inherent limitations in the conduct and analysis of observed measurements. Certainly, since there are no absolutes in analytical results, in terms of a particular protocol, some indication of value or reliability of the results is needed. Consistent with environmental pollution control, range management deals with precious resources and cannot be ignored when implementing monitoring and data collection programs. Vegetation data, as do other natural resource data, relate thecondition of a system at a particular place and time. It is not possible to perform verifying remeasurement because of the inherent special and temporal variability of the system. Additionally, if a sample is collected and analyzed, the nature of the sample is often changed in the measurement process (i.e. clipping, water quality dynamics, etc.). Because of the impossibility of verifying past measurements, quality assurance can only rest on documented application ofproven methodology by qualifiedpersonnel following accepted guidelines","PeriodicalId":16918,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Range Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79376664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Effectiveness of Antelope Pass Structures in Restriction of Livestock 羚羊通道结构对牲畜限制的有效性

Journal of Range Management Pub Date : 2006-06-19 DOI: 10.2307/3897974

Bryan D. Gross, J. Holechek, D. Hallford, R. Pieper

{"title":"Effectiveness of Antelope Pass Structures in Restriction of Livestock","authors":"Bryan D. Gross, J. Holechek, D. Hallford, R. Pieper","doi":"10.2307/3897974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3897974","url":null,"abstract":"A study was conducted to test the restrictive efficiency of 5 antelope pass structures upon cattle and sheep. Cattle and sheep were placed under 3 stress situations, female water, female young, and male-female, to test fence restrictive ability of individual antelope pass structures. No single structure restricted all classes and types of livestock. Depending upon livestock class and type, proper selection and use of antelope pass structure will restrict livestock movement without severely restricting antelope movement. An 81.3-cm (32 in) net-wire fence most effectively restricted sheep, but cattle were most effectively restricted by a 2.4-m X 1.5-m (8 ft X 5 ft) horizontal grill. It appears that a horizontal grill within a fence line with certain modifications and placement constraints will effectively restrict sheep and cattle but permit antelope passage. Fencing has been a standard livestock management practice since cattle and sheep were first introduced on western ranges. The use of fences to divide rangelands into manageable areas can achieve important livestock management objectives. May (1968) summarized a number of key advantages of fencing western ranges. These include more uniform distribution of animals, protection of overgrazed or treated areas, segregation of livestock classes or types, increased forage production and reduction in handling of livestock. Certain fence designs, however, have the important disadvantage of restricting movement of some wild ungulate species. Wildlife managers recognize fencing as a major management problem associated with the pronghorn antelope. Certain fences can restrict pronghorn movements to obtain food and/ or water, or to escape harsh weather (Yoakum 1978, 1980). Russell (1951) included net-wire fences as an important factor contributing to reductions in pronghorn numbers throughout the West. Newman (1966) found that Wyoming antelope numbers decreased substantially when animals were restricted by livestock fences. Antelope that were not allowed free movement over a largearea were in poor condition and showed signs of starvation. Other studies noted similar results (Mapston 1972, Russell 1951). A variety of structures are presently employed on western ranges depending upon the operation, livestock type, and class. Sheep operators prefer net-wire fencing; operations involving cattle may require use of barbed wire for restrictive purposes. Mapston (1972) suggested that both net-wire and certain barbed wire fences can cause serious problems for antelope by restricting both movement and feed selection, Bear ( 1969) found that sheep fences, I. 1 m (44 in) in height will restrict nearly all antelope, while net-wire structures 8 I .3 cm (32 in) high will restrict only fawns. On cattle ranges where barbed-wire fences are common, antelope were less restricted but often injured during passage, which resulted in permanent crippling or death (Spillett 1965). In all cases it appears that standard livestock fence","PeriodicalId":16918,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Range Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76020478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3