Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry最新文献

{"title":"Readability and performance of AI chatbot responses to frequently asked questions in maxillofacial prosthodontics.","authors":"Soni Prasad, Merve Koseoglu, Stavroula Antonopoulou, Leila M Sears, Vinsensia Launardo, Nina Ariani, Nadine Ziad Mirza, Amanda Colebeck, Banu Karayazgan, Maribeth Krzesinski, Alvin G Wee, Cortino Sukotjo","doi":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.09.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.09.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Statement of problem: </strong>Patients seeking information about maxillofacial prosthodontic care increasingly turn to artificial intelligence (AI)-driven chatbots for guidance. However, the readability, accuracy, and clarity of these AI-generated responses have not been adequately evaluated within the context of maxillofacial prosthodontics.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to assess and compare the readability and performance of chatbot-generated responses to frequently asked questions about intraoral and extraoral maxillofacial prosthodontics.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A total of 20 frequently asked intraoral and extraoral questions were collected from 7 maxillofacial prosthodontists. These questions were submitted to 4 AI chatbots: ChatGPT, Gemini, Copilot, and DeepSeek. A total of 80 responses were evaluated. Readability was assessed using the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL). Seven maxillofacial prosthodontists were calibrated to score the chatbot responses on 5 domains, relevance, clarity, depth, focus, and coherence, using a 5-point scale. The obtained data were analyzed using 2-way ANOVA with post hoc Tukey tests, Pearson correlation analyses, and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) (α=.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FKGL scores differed significantly among chatbots (P=.002). DeepSeek had the lowest FKGL, indicating better readability, while ChatGPT had the highest. Word counts, relevance, clarity, content depth, focus, and coherence varied significantly among platforms (P<.005). ChatGPT, Gemini, and DeepSeek consistently scored higher, while Copilot had the lowest scores across all domains. For questions on intraoral prostheses, FKGL scores negatively correlated with word count (P=.013). For questions on extraoral prostheses, word count positively correlated with all qualitative metrics except for FKGL (P<.005).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Significant differences were found in both readability and response quality among commonly used AI chatbots. Although the DeepSeek and ChatGPT platforms produced higher-quality content, none consistently met health literacy guidelines. Clinician oversight is essential when using AI-generated materials to answer frequently asked questions by patients requiring maxillofacial prosthodontic care.</p>","PeriodicalId":16866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145181989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and validation of a low‑cost 3D intraoral scanner using structured‑light triangulation and deep‑learning reconstruction.","authors":"Ahmed M M Awad, Ahmed Badway, Lamiaa ElFadaly","doi":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.09.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.09.015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Statement of problem: </strong>Intraoral scanners (IOSs) have transformed prosthodontic workflows by enabling precise, high-resolution digital scans. However, their high cost and hardware complexity limit adoption in resource-constrained settings.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study was to design and validate a lightweight, cost-effective IOS prototype hardware using structured-light triangulation and deep-learning reconstruction and to compare its performance with a popular commercially available IOS (TRIOS 3).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A handheld prototype IOS hardware integrating a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) camera (1280×720 px) with both white‑light and red‑laser projectors was developed. Intrinsic and extrinsic calibration used the Zhang method; feature extraction used Canny and scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT), structure‑from‑motion (SfM), and active triangulation generated point clouds in a photogrammetry software program. A YOLO‑V8-style network performed tooth segmentation, followed by a fully convolutional network (FCN) encoder-decoder for depth refinement. A gypsum cast was scanned (307 frames), and the 311 000 initial mesh points outputted were compared against the TRIOS 3 (102 000 points).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean ±standard deviation reprojection error of the prototype scanner hardware was 0.30 ±0.15 px (range 0.05 to 1.8 px), within commercial tolerances (0.2 to 0.4 px). The landmark count averaged 4000 ±1200 features per frame. After mesh filtering, 270 000 high‑quality vertices remained. Deep‑learning postprocessing reduced surface artifacts by approximately 20% (qualitative).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The low‑cost IOS achieved point‑cloud densities 3 times higher than the commercially available IOS while maintaining comparable accuracy, demonstrating its potential in affordable digital prosthetic workflows. Future in vivo validation is planned to determine clinical applicability.</p>","PeriodicalId":16866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145181940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance comparison of three artificial intelligence models in predicting gingival-colored porcelain compositions.","authors":"Boxuan Xu, Yiqing Wang, Lei Zhang, Wei-Shao Lin, Jianguo Tan, Li Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.09.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.09.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Statement of problem: </strong>Studies on the esthetic outcomes of soft tissue restoration coloration are lacking. Moreover, the relationship between ceramic powder proportions and their resulting color in gingival-colored restorations lacks investigation.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this in vitro study was to develop and compare 3 artificial intelligence-based systems-Residual Neural Network (ResNet), Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), and Genetic Algorithm-optimized Backpropagation (GA+BP)-for predicting gingival-colored porcelain compositions to improve color matching accuracy in restorative dentistry.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A total of 359 specimens were fabricated, including 286 standard and 73 extreme-proportion formulations. CIELab coordinates (L*, a*, b*) were measured using a dental spectrophotometer, and a database was established to correlate each gingival-colored porcelain powder composition with its corresponding CIELab values. Three models (ResNet, MLP, and GA+BP) were developed and evaluated using 5-fold cross-validation, with mean squared error (MSE) as the loss function. Performance metrics, including MSE, mean absolute error (MAE), explained variance, and training time, were statistically analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by post hoc Dunn tests with Holm-Bonferroni correction. External validation used 10 new formulations, with ΔE₀₀ compared with perceptibility (<1.1) and acceptability (<2.8) thresholds via t tests or Wilcoxon tests (α=.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ResNet achieved the lowest MSE of 0.0199 ±0.0003, outperforming MLP (0.0211 ±0.0003, P<.01) and GA+BP (0.0213 ±0.0002, P<.001). The model also demonstrated the lowest MAE (0.1069 ±0.0009), significantly lower than GA+BP (0.1086 ±0.0007, P=.002), but not MLP (0.1073 ±0.0004, P=.524). ResNet exhibited the highest explained variance (0.718 ±0.004), surpassing MLP (0.647 ±0.007, P<.05) and GA+BP (0.638 ±0.004, P<.001). GA+BP required the shortest training time (4.80 ±0.25 seconds per fold), less than MLP (5.62 ±0.30 seconds, P<.05) and ResNet (16.74 ±1.89 seconds, P<.001). In external validation, ResNet achieved an average ΔE₀₀ of 1.55 (95% CI: 1.14-1.95), lower than MLP (2.37; 95% CI: 1.72-3.02) and GA+BP (2.13; 95% CI: 1.54-2.72), with no significant difference among models (P>.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ResNet demonstrated the best accuracy in predicting gingival-colored porcelain compositions, as evidenced by the performance metrics. These findings support the use of artificial intelligence (AI)-driven systems, particularly ResNet, to enhance the accuracy and reproducibility of gingival color matching.</p>","PeriodicalId":16866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145175491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical accuracy of complete arch implant scans recorded by using a noncalibrated splinting technique, intraoral photogrammetry, and extraoral photogrammetry with snap-on markers.","authors":"Marta Revilla-León, Rocio Cascos, Abdul B Barmak, Michael Drone, John C Kois, Miguel Gómez-Polo","doi":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.09.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.09.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Statement of problem: </strong>The selection of an implant scanning technique for recording implant positions is a critical element that impacts the implant-prosthodontic discrepancy. However, clinical studies that have analyzed the accuracy of the different implant scanning techniques are lacking. Additionally, the impact of the retention system of the markers on the accuracy of extraoral photogrammetry (PG) devices is unknown.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this clinical study was to compare the accuracy of complete arch implant scans captured by using intraoral and extraoral PG devices and a noncalibrated splinting method.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A patient with a mandibular edentulous arch with 4 osseointegrated implants with implant abutments (Multi-Abutment) participated in the study. To obtain the reference file (control), a screw-retained optical marker was hand tightened on each implant abutment, and 10 succeeding PG scans were recorded by using a calibrated extraoral PG system (Micron Mapper). Three groups were developed based on the technique used to capture the implant scans: MicronMapper, Elite, and IOConnect (n=10). In the MicronMapper group, a snap-on optical marker of the extraoral PG device was positioned on each implant abutment, and PG scans were recorded with the camera of the PG system. In the Elite group, scan bodies were hand tightened on the implant abutments, and intraoral scans were captured by using the corresponding intraoral scanner (IOS) (Aoralscan Elite). In the IOConnect group, scan bodies were hand tightened on the implant abutments connected in the center of the arch, and intraoral scans were captured by using an IOS (TRIOS 5). Euclidean linear and angular measurements were calculated on the 10 reference scans, and the average was used to compare the discrepancies with the same measurements obtained on each experimental scan. One-way ANOVA and Tukey tests were used to analyze the trueness data. The Levene test was used to analyze the precision values (α=.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Linear precision discrepancies were found among the groups tested (P=.008). The IOConnect group had significantly better linear precision than the MicronMapper and Elite groups (P=.017). Additionally, significant angular trueness differences were found among the groups tested (P<.001). The MicronMapper and Elite groups (P<.001) and Elite and IOConnect (P<.001) were significantly different from each other. The Elite group had the best angular trueness. Moreover, the Levene test demonstrated significant angular precision discrepancies among the groups tested (P=.026). The MicronMapper and Elite groups had the best angular precision.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The implant scanning technique tested impacted the trueness and precision of complete arch implant scans.</p>","PeriodicalId":16866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145176105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Topology design and structural optimization of Co-Cr frameworks for implant-supported prostheses.","authors":"Safa Özden, Muhammed Esad Kayacan, Farhad Salmanpour, Hasan Camcı, Bekir Yalçın","doi":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.09.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.09.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Statement of problem: </strong>Cobalt chromium (Co-Cr) frameworks for complete arch implant-supported fixed dental prostheses may be excessively heavy in patients with increased occlusal vertical dimension. This limitation necessitates consideration of lower density materials, which may substantially increase treatment costs.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of topology optimization on the biomechanical behavior and weight reduction of Co-Cr frameworks used in complete arch implant-supported fixed dental prostheses.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Different occlusogingival heights (10 mm and 14 mm) of complete arch implant-supported fixed dental prosthesis frameworks were virtually modeled using a dental computer-aided design (CAD) software program. For each height, 4 lattice types (Schwarz, Gyroid, Diamond, and Neovius) and 2 different maximum lattice thicknesses (2 and 3 mm) were designed. Subsequently, topology optimization was applied to each framework configuration. A total of 16 framework designs were generated, while 2 solid, nonoptimized frameworks without lattice structures were used as controls. In all optimized designs, vertical occlusal loads of 200 N were applied to the canine, premolar, and molar (cantilever) regions. Finite element analysis (FEA) was conducted for all designs to assess von Mises stress (MPa), maximum displacement (μm), reaction force (N), and weight reduction (%). Statistical analyses were performed with 1-way ANOVA and the t test (α=.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Topology-optimized lattice frameworks achieved up to 51.2% weight reduction without exceeding the material's yield strength. The occlusogingival height of the framework significantly affected von Mises stress, displacement, and reaction force values (P<.05). The Gyroid lattice demonstrated optimal performance in terms of weight reduction (P<.001). All stress and displacement values remained within the physiological tolerance limits of the supporting structures.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Co-Cr frameworks can be significantly reduced in weight through topology optimization without compromising their mechanical integrity. The lattice geometry and the occlusogingival height of the framework are critical factors contributing to successful optimization.</p>","PeriodicalId":16866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145175653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial Review Board","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0022-3913(25)00716-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0022-3913(25)00716-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry","volume":"134 4","pages":"Page A1"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145134814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the chemical stability and safety of intraoral appliances fabricated via 3D printing, thermoforming, and heat-activated polymerization.","authors":"Joanna Weżgowiec, Hanna Czapor-Irzabek, Andrzej Małysa, Klaus Boening, Julita Kulbacka, Mieszko Więckiewicz","doi":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.09.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.09.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Statement of problem: </strong>Novel methods for manufacturing intraoral appliances, such as 3-dimensional (3D) printing, offer numerous benefits, but the issue of leaching substances from 3D printed dental polymers requires investigation.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the chemical stability of intraoral appliances via monitoring the eluates, weight changes, and in vitro cellular responses.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Three materials were compared: Dental LT Clear (for 3D printing), Duran+Durasplint LC (for thermoforming and light-activated polymerization), and Villacryl H Plus (for conventional heat-activated polymerization). After post-processing (no treatment, 24 hours immersion in water, chemical, or ultraviolet C disinfection), specimens were extracted in artificial saliva or methanol for 1, 3, 7, and 30 days at 37 °C. The leachates were identified and quantified using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and the percentage weight increase was calculated. The cytotoxic effects induced in human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) were assessed using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and microscopic observation. Two-way and 1-way analyses of variance (ANOVAs) with the post hoc Tukey or Dunnett test was conducted to statistically evaluate the results (α=.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The release of 7 chemicals (methyl methacrylate (MMA), ethyl methacrylate (EMA), diurethane dimethacrylate (UDMA), 1,4-butanediol dimethacrylate (BDMA), benzoyl peroxide (BPO), diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide (TPO), and 4-methoxyphenol (MEHQ)) was detected at a level that enabled quantification. The concentration of substances released from Villacryl H Plus was the highest (BPO:12.6 mg/mL). Duran+Durasplint LC was the most stable material. All materials released more substances into methanol than artificial saliva. Dental LT Clear was most susceptible to weight increase upon immersion in artificial saliva (weight change: 2.62%; P<.001), while Villacryl H Plus - in methanol (weight change: 25.15%; P<.001). All the leachates detected exhibited a cytotoxic effect on HGFs. For the lower concentration (0.005 mg/mL), the strongest reduction of the viability of cells was induced by trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA) (decrease to 47%) and BPO (to 52%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Duran+Durasplint LC revealed favorable chemical stability. For each novel material, the potential biological risks associated with the leakage of compounds must be carefully assessed to ensure the safety of long-term use in intraoral conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":16866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145149618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of surface characteristics and color stability in zirconia-reinforced resin composites: 3D printing, subtractive, and layering techniques.","authors":"Luiza Freitas Brum Souza, Kétlin Fagundes Teixeira, Ana Carolina Cadore-Rodrigues, Felipe Somavilla Binotto, Luiz Felipe Valandro, Rafael R Moraes, Mutlu Özcan, Gabriel Kalil Rocha Pereira","doi":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.09.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.09.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Statement of problem: </strong>Despite growing interest in zirconia-reinforced resin composites, the influence of manufacturing techniques on their surface and optical stability remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the surface characteristics and color stability of zirconia-reinforced resin composite materials produced via 3 techniques: 3-dimensional (3D) printing, subtractive manufacturing, and layering.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Thirty-six disks (Ø10×1.0 mm) were prepared and divided into 3 groups: 3D printing (PriZma 3D Bio Crown; MakertechLabs), subtractive manufacturing (Lava Ultimate; 3M), and layering (Filtek Z350 XT; 3M). Surface properties were assessed using roughness analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Color coordinates (L*, a*, b*) were recorded using a spectrophotometer (SP60; X-Rite) at baseline, after staining (coffee or red wine for 12 days), and after repolishing (Superfix Dental Finishing & Polishing Disc System; TDV). Statistical analysis included color differences (∆E₀₀) and translucency parameter differences (∆TP₀₀), considering acceptability (AT) and perceptibility thresholds (PT) (α=.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three-dimensional printing exhibited higher Ra than subtractive (P<.001) or layering (P=.010). For Rz, 3D printing and Layering were similar and better than Subtractive (P<.001). SEM revealed porous surfaces in 3D printing, contrasting with denser surfaces in Subtractive and Layering. All groups showed color changes exceeding AT, with 3D printing significantly higher after coffee or red wine exposure (P<.05). Repolishing reduced the ∆E₀₀ of Subtractive below PT after coffee staining and below AT after wine staining. ∆TP₀₀ altered after coffee staining, with Subtractive below AT after wine staining. Repolishing reversed ∆TP₀₀ below AT for all conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Three-dimensional printing and layering resulted in higher surface roughness, greater color changes, and lower translucency than the subtractive technique.</p>","PeriodicalId":16866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145149574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the role of Instagram Reels in predoctoral dental implant education, a randomized crossover study.","authors":"Qiao Fang, Ryan Rezania, Ariana Rafaty, Tala Elfaki, Ardita Ajdini, Merve Koseoglu, Fatemeh Solmaz Afshari, Judy Chia-Chun Yuan, Cortino Sukotjo","doi":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.08.046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.08.046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Statement of problem: </strong>Dental students frequently exhibit disengagement with traditional long-format lectures and educational videos.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate students' perceptions and acceptance of short-format social media videos, such as Instagram Reels (IR), compared to traditional long-format (LV) videos.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A randomized crossover study was conducted involving third- and fourth-year dental students in the predoctoral implant clinic. Participants were randomly assigned to 2 groups, each receiving both interventions but in different sequences: 1 group watched a series of IR (<2 minutes) followed by LV (>10 minutes) on the same topic (IR-LV). The other group watched the LV first, then the IR (LV-IR group). Questions were administered to assess demographics, learning efficacy, preferences regarding video length, engagement, content clarity, and credibility. Statistical analyses (descriptive statistics, a repeated-measures ANCOVA, independent-samples t tests, chi-squared tests) were performed to evaluate the survey responses (α=.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 64 third- and fourth-year dental students participated. Instagram and YouTube were the most common social media platform used by participants. Most students felt the optimum length of the video was 6 minutes. IR's total mean ratings were higher than LV's total mean scores in student engagement, active learning, curiosity, accomplishing tasks quicker, enjoyability, ease of understanding, ease of retention, enhancing learning experience, and increasing efficiency in the clinic. Third-year students rated the IR significantly higher than fourth-year students (P=.001), whereas fourth-year students gave higher scores to the LV (P=.003). The results revealed a significant main effect of video type on students' perceived effectiveness (df=1, F=23.68, P<.001). A significant interaction was observed between video type and current academic year (df=1, F=19.91, P<.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Instagram Reels led to higher engagement, curiosity, and retention, with most students favoring content under 6 minutes. Incorporating brief, faculty-reviewed social media content in the curriculum may enhance learning while aligning with modern student preferences.</p>","PeriodicalId":16866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145149601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of application technique and coping design on the retention of cemented implant-supported crowns.","authors":"Jan C Kwan","doi":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.09.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Statement of problem: </strong>Cement-retained implant crowns are susceptible to biological complications from excess cement extrusion and unpredictable retention because of variations in cementation technique and coping design. However, the biomechanical and hydrodynamic effects of cement volume, application method, and venting features on retention and marginal seal integrity remain inadequately characterized.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate how cement volume, application method, and coping design affect crown retention and cement extrusion.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Fifty computer numerical control (CNC)-milled stainless-steel copings were machined with an average +133 µm tolerance fit on 3-mm hexagonal abutments and were divided equally into 5 groups consisting of closed-end coping with measured cement, no aging (CE-MC-NA); closed-end coping with filled cement, no aging (CE-FC-NA); closed-end coping with measured cement, aged (CE-MC-AG); closed-end coping with filled cement, aged (CE-FC-AG); and open-vented coping with filled cement, aged (OV-FC-AG). Assemblies were weighed before cementation (W₁), after cementation (W₂), and after excess cement removal (W₃). Cement extrusion=(W₂ - W₃) - W₁ and net retained cement =W₃ - W₁. For measured-coated copings, a controlled volume of cement (not exceeding the internal void volume) was applied using a brush, and the net cement delivered was calculated based on weight differences before and after cementation. Aging consisted of 500 thermocycles (5 °C to 55 °C, 30-second dwell). Marginal integrity was evaluated using dye penetration and microscopic inspection, and retention strength (N) was measured using a dislodgement test. Analyses used Mann‑Whitney U, Kruskal‑Wallis with Bonferroni‑adjusted planned contrasts, and a 2×2 factorial ANOVA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Group CE-MC-NA had significantly lower retained cement weight than group CE-FC-NA (P<.001), with comparable retention strength (P>.05). After aging, group CE-MC-AG showed significantly less retained cement than group CE-FC-AG (P<.001), and both retained less cement than group OV-FC-AG (P<.001). Retention strengths were similar for groups CE-MC-AG and CE-FC-AG (P>.05), while OV-FC-AG exhibited superior retention (P<.001). No marginal leakage was detected in any group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Under the experimental conditions, measured thin-film cementation combined with vented or geometrically optimized copings provided a biomechanically effective and biologically safer alternative to traditional bulk-filling techniques. By standardizing application and leveraging interface design, this protocol should redefine luting cement as a precise sealing interface rather than a bulk retentive material.</p>","PeriodicalId":16866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145149579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}