Journal of Probiotics & Health最新文献

{"title":"Antimicrobial Effect of Probiotic Lactobacilli on Candida Spp. Isolated from Oral Thrush of AIDS Defining Ill Patients","authors":"A. A. Anzaku, A. Pedro","doi":"10.4172/2329-8901.1000171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8901.1000171","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed at investigating the growth inhibitory effect of probiotic Lactobacillus on Candida species isolated from oral thrush of AIDS-defining ill patients. Clinical isolates of Candida species were obtained from Dalhatu Araf Specialist Hospital Lafia, Nasarawa State. de Man Rogosa Sharpe agar was used as starter culture for the isolation of Lactobacilli. The diameters of the antimicrobial assay were recorded using the following dilution in part per mL (1:10, 1:100, 1:1000, 1:10000 and 1:100000) with the highest inhibition zone of 8 ± 1.414 mm followed by 7 ± 0.000 mm and the lowest dilution recorded as 5 ± 0.000 mm in the highest concentration of 1:10. As the dilution concentration decline, the inhibitions become weaker. The lowest dilution concentration (1:100000) however showed resistance in all the agar wells. Conclusively, Lactobacillus species has growth inhibition against yeast organisms in vitro. This study therefore recommends further research to identify more probiotic organisms that can potentially inhibit the growth of disease causing pathogens. Researchers should put more mental energy into use as research is the only source of solution to combat most of the emerging diseases around us.","PeriodicalId":16865,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Probiotics & Health","volume":"17 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81396177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation and Characterization of Biologically Active Compounds Recovered from Kefir (A Probiotic Fermented Milk)","authors":"Sahar Abd El Mogheth, A. El-Gendy","doi":"10.4172/2329-8901.1000173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8901.1000173","url":null,"abstract":"Fermented milk is considered as a good source of nutrition for many people. One of the most important substances that could be used in milk fermentation is kefir grains. Kefir fermented milk is very important in many health conditions such as bacterial infections, high blood pressure and some hepatic conditions. The aim of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of kefir fermented milk against some pathogenic microorganisms as Salmonella sp, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus sp and Candida albicans by using disc diffusion method. The efficacy of kefir fermented milk was investigated as a hepato-protective against CCl4 inducing liver toxicity and as a protective agent against kidney and spleen damages using laboratory animal model. The results revealed that the kefir fermented milk had a potent antibacterial activity against all tested pathogenic isolates and it also showed high significant protection in mice against CCl4 toxicity. In conclusion, kefir milk can be used as an antibacterial supplement and as a protective agent against liver toxicity.","PeriodicalId":16865,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Probiotics & Health","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85595193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whey Protein Regulates of Some Surface Molecules Expressed on Monocytes: Significance for Amelioration of Some Diabetes Disorders","authors":"B. Abdel-salam, H. Ebaid, J. Al-Tamimi, I. Alhazza","doi":"10.4172/2329-8901.1000172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8901.1000172","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Whey protein (WP) is an extract of a camel milk protein that could be played an important role in diabetic wounds. Diabetes mellitus has decreased wound healing due to their effects in leukocyte adhesion molecules, CD11b and CD18, and antigen presenting co-stimulatory molecules (CD80 and CD86). This work is aimed to evaluate the role of WP in the regulation of the CD11b, CD18, CD80 and CD86 appearance on monocytes. \u0000Methods: In whole blood monocytes of control, diabetic and WP-treated diabetes rats were experienced for some surface molecules using ant-CD11b-FITC, ant-CD18-PE, ant-CD80-FITC and ant-CD18-PE for flow cytometry. \u0000Results: Expression of CD11b, CD80 and CD86 on monocytes was increased significantly in diabetic animals after five weeks in association to the control subjects and the WP-treated diabetic animals (P<0.01). In contrast, the CD18 expression by monocytes of WP-treated diabetic group was improved significantly in relationship to diabetic group which was minor than the control animals (P<0.01). \u0000Conclusions: The presented results showed that WP could be involved in down-regulation of the countenance of CD11b, CD80 and CD86, and the CD18 up-regulation on monocytes of diabetic animals. The significant finding of the investigation is the amelioration of some diabetes disorders. This study adds to the responsibility of monocytes in diabetes.","PeriodicalId":16865,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Probiotics & Health","volume":"13 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78460488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probiotic <i>Lactobacillus</i> Species Strengthen Intestinal Barrier Function and Tight Junction Integrity in Experimental Necrotizing Enterocolitis.","authors":"Brian P Blackwood,&nbsp;Carrie Y Yuan,&nbsp;Douglas R Wood,&nbsp;Joseph D Nicolas,&nbsp;Justyna S Grothaus,&nbsp;Catherine J Hunter","doi":"10.4172/2329-8901.1000159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8901.1000159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a serious intestinal disease that occurs in newborn infants. It is associated with major morbidity and affects 5% of all infants admitted to neonatal intensive care units. Probiotics have variable efficacy in preventing necrotizing enterocolitis. Tight junctions (TJ) are protein complexes that maintain epithelial barrier integrity. We hypothesized that the probiotics <i>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</i> and <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> strengthen intestinal barrier function, promote TJ integrity, and protect against experimental NEC. Both an <i>in vitro</i> and an <i>in vivo</i> experimental model of NEC were studied. Cultured human intestinal Caco-2 cells were pretreated with <i>L. rhamnosus</i> and <i>L. plantarum</i> probiotics. TJ were then disrupted by EGTA calcium switch or LPS to mimic NEC <i>in vitro</i>. Trans-epithelial resistance (TER) and flux of fluorescein isothiocynate dextran was measured. TJ structure was evaluated by ZO-1 immunofluorescence. <i>In vivo</i> effects of ingested probiotics on intestinal injury and ZO-1 expression were assessed in a rat model of NEC infected with <i>Cronobacter sakazakii</i> (CS). Caco-2 cells treated with individual probiotics demonstrated higher TER and lower permeability compared to untreated cells (p<0.0001). ZO-1 immunofluorescence confirmed TJ stability in treated cells. Rat pups fed probiotics alone had more intestinal injury compared with controls (p=0.0106). Probiotics were protective against injury when given in combination with CS, with no difference in intestinal injury compared to controls (p=0.21). Increased permeability was observed in the probiotic and CS groups (p=0.03, p=0.05), but not in the probiotic plus CS group (p=0.79). <i>Lactobacillus</i> sp. strengthened intestinal barrier function and preserved TJ integrity in an <i>in vitro</i> experimental model of NEC. <i>In vivo</i>, probiotic bacteria were not beneficial when given alone, but were protective in the presence of CS in a rat model of NEC.</p>","PeriodicalId":16865,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Probiotics & Health","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2329-8901.1000159","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35109564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lactobacillus fermentum as a Treatment for Intestinal Infection","authors":"H. Rowles","doi":"10.4172/2329-8901.1000170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8901.1000170","url":null,"abstract":"Intestinal infections caused by pathogenic bacteria can present as especially virulent infections and can be difficult to treat. Pathogenic bacteria reproduce rapidly and when introduced into the intestines can overpopulate the intestinal flora leading to infection. Antibiotics have become standard treatment for infections so probiotics have not been researched as a possible way to prevent or reduce the severity of an intestinal bacterial infection. I researched this problem by comparing in vitro growth rates of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis with several commercial probiotic products. The pathogenic bacteria and probiotics were incubated and, starting from a standard concentration, growth rates were measured to establish a growth curve for each sample. The growth curves showed that the pathogenic bacterial strains grow faster than the probiotics with the exception of the probiotic that contains Lactobacillus fermentum. A one-sample t-test showed that the probiotic containing L. fermentum did not have a significantly different growth curve than the pathogenic bacteria tested. Pathogenic bacterial strains grow much quicker than most probiotics and healthy bacteria and this could explain why pathogenic bacteria cause such virulent intestinal infections and how they are able to cause such a disruption in the intestinal flora. However, the growth of L. fermentum is similar to pathogenic bacterial strains and could offer a natural combatant to bacterial infections in the intestine.","PeriodicalId":16865,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Probiotics & Health","volume":"12 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86693686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Synbiotic Supplementation on Constipation and Reducing Flatulence in Stroke Patients Admitted to the ICU","authors":"S. Jahangiri, A. Rahmani, M. Rakhshani, A. Tajabadi, M. Tadayonfar","doi":"10.4172/2329-8901.1000167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8901.1000167","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Stroke is the world’s first cardiovascular disorders. The stroke patients are at risk of gastrointestinal problems such as constipation and flatulence that cause complications include increased intracranial pressure and reduce capacity respiratory in these patients. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of synbiotic supplementation on stroke patients admitted to ICU with constipation and flatulence. \u0000Methods: This study is a randomized two groups clinical trial on 65 stroke patients admitted to the ICU Taleghani hospital in Mashhad for simple random sampling available was performed. Patients were randomly divided into two groups: intervention group (n=33) and control group (n=32) and the number of bowel movements and abdominal circumference were measured before the study. Patients in the intervention group, in addition to usual care, for one week; every 12 hours; received synbiotic supplement and the control group only received conventional treatment. In the end; the frequency of bowel movements and abdominal circumference of all the patients; were again check. Data by using; Poisson regression data correlated model and analysis of covariance, using SAS version 9.1 and SPSS version 11.5; at 95% confidence level; was analyzed. Results were compared between the two groups. \u0000Results: In the Intervention group the average number of bowel movements 1.22 and in the control group was 0.62 (p<0.0001). Also measured waist size in both intervention and control groups showed that abdominal circumference on average in the intervention group than the control group decreased by 1.6 cm and this change was significant (p=0.028). \u0000Conclusion: This study showed that synbiotic supplementation consumption increased bowel movements and reduce abdominal circumference in patients with stroke. Therefore, probiotics can be used as a non-drug treatment in patients with constipation and abdominal bloating.","PeriodicalId":16865,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Probiotics & Health","volume":"27 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77991106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective Effect of Probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIM 5593 on Acrylamide Induced Neurotoxicity in Adult Mice","authors":"G. Divyashri, Prapulla Sg","doi":"10.4172/2329-8901.1000165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8901.1000165","url":null,"abstract":"Exposure to chemicals that are commonly distributed in the environment and work-related surroundings may have deleterious effects to the nervous system. Acrylamide (ACR) is a well-known neurotoxin with multiple chemical and industrial applications. ACR exposure is attributed to oxidative stress and is known to cause neurotoxic effect by altering brain neurotransmitter levels. Probiotics are chosen as natural therapeutic medicine against oxidative stress and shown their ability to modulate gut-brain axis. Aim of the present study was to evaluate the beneficial effect of probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIM 5593 on ACR induced oxidative stress altered neurotransmitter status in mice brain. ACR exposure to mice produced pronounced neurotoxicity as evidenced by marked increase in oxidative markers and altered antioxidant ability. Probiotic treatment (4 weeks) to young mice could diminish ACR induced elevation in oxidative markers in brain and enhance activities of antioxidant enzymes with increase in gammaaminobutyric acid (GABA) and dopamine (DA) levels. Oral supplements of E. faecium NCIM 5593 to ACR-treated mice improved neuronal dysfunction and oxidative stress. The present study suggests that this probiotic strain can be a potential neutraceutical intervention to combat acrylamide induced molecular alterations and oxidative stress.","PeriodicalId":16865,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Probiotics & Health","volume":"20 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82577549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium Combination on the Gut Microbiota, Clinical Course, and Local Gut Inflammation in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: A Preliminary, Single-center, Open-label Study","authors":"Magdalena Pilarczyk-Å»urek, MaÅgorzata ZwoliÅska-WcisÅo, T. Mach, Krzysztof OkoÅ, P. Adamski, P. Heczko, Aleks, ra MikoÅajczyk-CichoÅska, Grzegorz StefaÅski, M. Strus","doi":"10.4172/2329-8901.1000163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8901.1000163","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is one of the chronic, relapsing, inflammatory disorders of the gut and is characterized by inflammation limited in most cases to the colon. Since gut microbiota play a critical role in the development and perpetuation of intestinal inflammation, the addition of probiotics to this complex system may exert a positive influence on gut inflammatory reactions. \u0000Methods: A single center, open-label, intention-to-treat study involving patients with moderate-to-severe UC was performed to check whether a probiotic mixture containing Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, and Bifidobacterium longum given together with a standard treatment could decrease clinical and histopathology indexes for UC evaluation. \u0000Results: The mixture given once a day for at least 2 months together with mesalazine and ciprofloxacin to patients in the acute phase of UC significantly reduced their Mayo Clinic Index values. Moreover, numbers of lactobacilli isolated from patients feces were significantly increased, while those of Gram-negative rods decreased. The mixture given together with mesalazine to patients with UC in remission also caused a decrease of their clinical scores, but a more prominent and significant decrease of the histopathological index values in biopsy samples was observed. \u0000Conclusions: Supplementation of standard therapy with the probiotic mixture used in this study was efficacious in inducing and maintaining remission in UC, and this effect was related to modulation of dysbiosis in the gut microbiota.","PeriodicalId":16865,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Probiotics & Health","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82501273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ALCAPA Associated with Congenital Lobar Emphysema: A Very Rare Association","authors":"V. Kumar, G. Kumar, V. Sharma, Shuvendu Roy","doi":"10.4172/2329-8901.1000161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8901.1000161","url":null,"abstract":"We describe a rare association of anomalous left coronary artery from pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) with Congenital lobar emphysema (CLE) in a five month old male infant. The patient presented to our hospital with lower respiratory tract infection. Incidental detection of cardiomegaly and hyperinflation on chest X-ray was further evaluated with echocardiography and CT scan. Child was given a final diagnosis of ALCAPA with CLE right upper and middle lobe. He underwent corrective surgery for both the condition.","PeriodicalId":16865,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Probiotics & Health","volume":"33 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80651622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Beta-Glucan and Resistant Starch on Prebiotic Dough and Bread Properties","authors":"Z. Mohebbi, A. Homayouni, M. Azizi, M. Jafarabadi, S. J. Hosseini","doi":"10.4172/2329-8901.1000160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8901.1000160","url":null,"abstract":"White wheat flour is a poor source of dietary fiber. A demand therefore exists for the enrichment of bread with prebiotic non-digestible ingredients that exert a health-promoting effect. In this study, the effect of beta-glucan (BG) and resistant starch (RS) on the dough properties and bread-making characteristics has been investigated. The water absorption of doughs increased with increasing BG and RS amounts. The development time and farinograph quality number of BG–enriched doughs remained similar to the control while the stability of doughs decreased, and all of these values decreased when the RS was added. BG was more effective in increasing the softening of doughs than RS. The addition of RS or BG increased; the resistance to deformation, energy, maximum resistance and ratio number values, but their extensibility values had decreased compared to the control. Formulation containing BG/RS combination showed the best farinograph (development time, stability) and extensograph (resistance and extensibility) parameters. The application of BG and RS had similar or slightly smaller effect on specific volume and same or higher effect on the moisture content while it caused a decrease in firmness after five days of storage.","PeriodicalId":16865,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Probiotics & Health","volume":"75 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74651188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}