Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection最新文献_第4页

Effectiveness of biochar and wood vinegar from guava trees in controlling Fusarium verticillioides and enhancing growth and anatomical traits of maize (Zea mays L.) 番石榴树的生物碳和木醋在控制疣状镰刀菌和提高玉米（Zea mays L.）的生长和解剖性状方面的效果

IF 2 4区农林科学

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection Pub Date : 2024-07-29 DOI: 10.1007/s41348-024-00971-5

Mansour M. El-Fawy, Ayman S. Saeed, Mohamed K. Abou-Shlell, Mahmoud A. Soliman, Esmat F. Ali, Ahmed A. Issa, Kamal A. M. Abo-Elyousr, Muhammad Imran, Asmaa S. El-Nagar

{"title":"Effectiveness of biochar and wood vinegar from guava trees in controlling Fusarium verticillioides and enhancing growth and anatomical traits of maize (Zea mays L.)","authors":"Mansour M. El-Fawy, Ayman S. Saeed, Mohamed K. Abou-Shlell, Mahmoud A. Soliman, Esmat F. Ali, Ahmed A. Issa, Kamal A. M. Abo-Elyousr, Muhammad Imran, Asmaa S. El-Nagar","doi":"10.1007/s41348-024-00971-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-024-00971-5","url":null,"abstract":"Maize (Zea mays L.) stalk and ear rots are the most serious diseases, affecting grain yield and quality in a number of regions of the world. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of biochar and wood vinegar from guava trees (Psidium guajava L.) against Fusarium verticillioides, the pathogen that causes stalk and ear rot diseases, as well as the growth and anatomical traits of maize in laboratory and greenhouse experiments. In in vitro studies, biochar and wood vinegar at concentrations of 0.50, 1.00 and 2.00% (v/v) were tested on the mycelium growth of the pathogen. The results showed that wood vinegar had a high ability to inhibit the pathogen’s growth at a concentration of 2% (78.32%). Treating corn cobs with these treatments at concentrations of 2% led to a decrease in the severity of ear rot. Soil drenching with biochar and wood vinegar reduced the disease severity of stalk rot disease in maize in greenhouse experiments, with wood vinegar being the most effective in reducing the disease severity compared to the control. Biochar and wood vinegar both clearly affected plant growth, as measured by changes in plant height, fresh weight and dry weight of maize plants. Furthermore, these treatments enhanced the anatomical characteristics of maize roots and leaves compared to the untreated control plants. Data also revealed that total phenol contents and enzyme activity of peroxidase (POD) increased in treated plants with these treatments, but the highest increase was obtained when biochar was applied. These results highlight the efficacy of biochar and wood vinegar as effective, safe and eco-friendly methods to control of stalk and ear rot disease of maize and improve the anatomical characteristics and growth of plants.","PeriodicalId":16838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141871897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Acaricidal efficacy of aqueous extracts from different plants on Tetranychus urticae Koch, 1836 (Acari: Tetranychidae) 不同植物的水提取物对 Tetranychus urticae Koch, 1836（蛔虫：Tetranychidae）的杀蛔功效

IF 2 4区农林科学

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection Pub Date : 2024-07-29 DOI: 10.1007/s41348-024-00969-z

Yasin Nazım Alpkent, Selçuk Ulusoy, Sait Ertürk

{"title":"Acaricidal efficacy of aqueous extracts from different plants on Tetranychus urticae Koch, 1836 (Acari: Tetranychidae)","authors":"Yasin Nazım Alpkent, Selçuk Ulusoy, Sait Ertürk","doi":"10.1007/s41348-024-00969-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-024-00969-z","url":null,"abstract":"Two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch, 1836, Acari: Tetranychidae) causes significant yield losses in cultivated plants, especially depending on the season. Chemical methods are the main methods of controlling this pest. However, besides the environmental, human, and animal health problems arising from chemical control, adverse effects such as resistance and residues limit the success and sustainability of chemical control. This experiment was conducted in the applied acarology laboratory of the Directorate of Plant Protection Central Research Institute in Ankara, Türkiye, in incubators maintained at 25 ± 1 °C temperature, 50–65% humidity, and 16 L: 8 D h photoperiod. In this study, the potential acaricidal effect of aqueous extracts of Morus rubra, Daphne odora, Ficus carica, Matricaria chamomilla, and Mentha pulegium collected from Ankara and Adana provinces on T. urticae was investigated. For this purpose, the leaves of the plants were dried and ground and 1%, 3%, 6%, and 12% concentrations (w/v) of the extracts obtained were tested in three different application periods (1–6 day). Dipping and spraying methods were used to determine mortality and toxicity. The highest effect was 94.4% at the end of the 6th day at a 12% concentration of M. pulegium in the dipping method. On the other hand, the lowest mortality effect was 18.2% at the same time and concentration of M. chamomilla. In lethal toxicity studies, the highest toxicity was obtained from F. carica with an LC50 value of 4756 mg L−1, and the lowest toxicity was obtained from D. odora with an LC50 value of 12,417 mg L−1. We believe that plant extracts provide a valid alternative in effectively controlling two-spotted spider mites, reducing the need for pesticide use and minimizing residues.","PeriodicalId":16838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141872097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Anthracnose changes the diversity and composition of rhizosphere soil microbial community in common vetch 炭疽病改变了普通草本植物根瘤土壤微生物群落的多样性和组成

IF 2 4区农林科学

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.1007/s41348-024-00967-1

Qiong Wang, Rui Zhu, Faxi Li, Yingde Li, Meiting Bai, Tingyu Duan

{"title":"Anthracnose changes the diversity and composition of rhizosphere soil microbial community in common vetch","authors":"Qiong Wang, Rui Zhu, Faxi Li, Yingde Li, Meiting Bai, Tingyu Duan","doi":"10.1007/s41348-024-00967-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-024-00967-1","url":null,"abstract":"Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum is an increasingly severe disease of common vetch that reduces plant yield and quality. In this study, the effects of anthracnose on the rhizosphere soil microbial community of common vetch were studied via high-throughput sequencing. The relationship among the rhizosphere soil microbes and soil properties were analyzed. Lower fungal diversity was observed in rhizosphere soils of diseased plants. Variations in relative abundance were observed in the fungal phyla Mortierellomycota and Glomeromycota and in the bacterial phyla Acidobacteria, Oxyphotobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia. Gammaproteobacteria and Deltaproteobacteria were significantly more abundant in the rhizosphere soil of healthy plant. The bacterial community in the rhizosphere soil of diseased plant was involved in the synthesis of amino acids (glycine, serine, threonine, alanine, aspartate, and glutamate). Results of a redundancy analysis showed that Colletotrichum was negatively correlated with soil available potassium (AK) and the content of soil organic matter (SOC); however, it was positively correlated with soil pH. The relative abundances of Bacillus showed a negative correlation with soil pH and a positive correlation with AK and SOC content. The present study demonstrated that anthracnose could affect the rhizosphere soil microbial communities in common vetch, and soil properties have a close relationship with the rhizosphere soil microbes of common vetch.","PeriodicalId":16838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141738563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Heterologous expression of distinct insecticidal genes in potato cultivars encodes resistance against potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) 马铃薯栽培品种中不同杀虫基因的异源表达编码了对马铃薯块茎蛾 Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) 的抗性

IF 2 4区农林科学

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection Pub Date : 2024-07-14 DOI: 10.1007/s41348-024-00964-4

Muhammad Salim, Allah Bakhsh, Muhammad Nadir Naqqash, Ayhan Gökçe

{"title":"Heterologous expression of distinct insecticidal genes in potato cultivars encodes resistance against potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)","authors":"Muhammad Salim, Allah Bakhsh, Muhammad Nadir Naqqash, Ayhan Gökçe","doi":"10.1007/s41348-024-00964-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-024-00964-4","url":null,"abstract":"The potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller), is a notorious insect pest of potato incurring substantial yield losses in the field as well as in storage. Chemical control is difficult to exercise due to the latent feeding of the caterpillars and their ability to develop resistance against insecticides. One of the essential components of efficient insect-resistant management is using two or more different insecticidal genes in transgenic crops to effectively avoid and delay the resistance development in insect pests. Two constructs, namely DS-1 (cry3A + SN-19 genes) and DS-2 (OCII + SN-19 genes) in pCAMBIA1301 binary vector, were developed and were transformed in potato cultivars (Agria and Lady Olympia) via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The molecular analysis confirmed gene integration and expression of the introduced genes in transgenic plants. The insecticidal effects of incorporated genes in transgenic plants were assessed against 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th instar potato tuber moth (PTM) larvae. The transgenic plants endured significantly high mortalities (100%) of larval stages of PTM within 72 h. Our results show that these transgenic potato plants have the potential to control populations of PTM and are also useful tools in managing PTM that would ultimately reduce the dependency on conventional chemical pesticides with potentially less or minimal hazards. These lines can also serve as an excellent source of germplasm for potato breeding program.","PeriodicalId":16838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141609624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Odourless vegetable oils as insect pest repellents for short-term protection of various food packaging materials 无味植物油作为害虫驱避剂，为各种食品包装材料提供短期保护

IF 2 4区农林科学

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection Pub Date : 2024-07-08 DOI: 10.1007/s41348-024-00965-3

J. A. Shah, T. Vendl, R. Aulicky, M. Božik, V. Stejskal

{"title":"Odourless vegetable oils as insect pest repellents for short-term protection of various food packaging materials","authors":"J. A. Shah, T. Vendl, R. Aulicky, M. Božik, V. Stejskal","doi":"10.1007/s41348-024-00965-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-024-00965-3","url":null,"abstract":"The repellent activity of two odourless vegetable oils (sweet almond—SAO and soybean—SO) applied on filter paper and four types of food packaging materials (polyethylene film, plastic gunnysacks, cardboard, and wood) was tested against three species of stored product pests (Sitophilus granarius, Tribolium castaneum, and Oryzaephilus surinamensis). The repellence of three doses was evaluated after 24 h, and after 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. Both oils exhibited a repellent effect when applied to filter paper, but this effect decreased with time and concentration. The most susceptible species was T. castaneum. The maximum repellence was 84% and 76% for SO and SAO, respectively. On packaging materials, the repellent effect diminished after a certain period of time, ranging from 7 to 28 days. Subsequently, the oils even became attractive. Generally, the repellent effects of both SO and SAO were higher on cardboard and wood slab than on polyethylene film and plastic gunnysacks. As such, in the case of SO, the repellence against T. castaneum was 88% 24 h after application on cardboard, whilst 68% on plastic bag. This work demonstrated the repellent potential of vegetable oils in the short term for the protection of packaged food against stored product pests.","PeriodicalId":16838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141576671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nitrogen and carbohydrate metabolisms are key factors in maize (Zea mays L.) germination under chromium-induced ROS 氮和碳水化合物代谢是玉米（Zea mays L.）在铬诱导的 ROS 诱导下发芽的关键因素

IF 2 4区农林科学

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection Pub Date : 2024-07-07 DOI: 10.1007/s41348-024-00962-6

Muhammad Imran Atta, Syeda Sadaf Zehra, Zhihang Zhuo, Habib Ali, Malik Waseem Abbas, Syed Naveed Abbas, Sadia Sarwar, Fatima Muneer, Irfan Ahmad, Danpping Xu, Hasham S. Almoallim, Mohammad Javed Ansari

{"title":"Nitrogen and carbohydrate metabolisms are key factors in maize (Zea mays L.) germination under chromium-induced ROS","authors":"Muhammad Imran Atta, Syeda Sadaf Zehra, Zhihang Zhuo, Habib Ali, Malik Waseem Abbas, Syed Naveed Abbas, Sadia Sarwar, Fatima Muneer, Irfan Ahmad, Danpping Xu, Hasham S. Almoallim, Mohammad Javed Ansari","doi":"10.1007/s41348-024-00962-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-024-00962-6","url":null,"abstract":"Heavy metals, such as chromium (Cr), are continuously introduced into the environment through human activities, notably from the excessive use of pesticides, synthetic fertilizers, and irrigation with sewage and industrial wastewater. These substances induce oxidative stress in plants, disrupting crucial morphological and biochemical processes. Seed germination and early plant development are vital stages in the life cycle of plants, heavily reliant on nitrogen metabolism and associated biochemical pathways for energy accumulation. This study aimed to assess the phytotoxic effects of chromium on the growth and biochemical parameters of germinating seedlings from two maize varieties, Pak-Afgoi and Neelem Desi. The findings revealed significant suppression caused by chromium, leading to reduced seed germination rates, embryonic growth, vigor index, and biomass. Nitrogen and protein levels, as well as nitrate reductase activity, were notably affected, with Pak-Afgoi showing lower decreases compared to Neelem. Carbohydrate mobilization and total sugar content also decreased with rising chromium concentrations, although Pak-Afgoi exhibited better nitrogen and carbohydrate utilization rates. Furthermore, oxidative stress markers like hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) indicated damage to growth and biochemical attributes in maize. Interestingly, proline levels increased with higher chromium concentrations, suggesting a protective role in maintaining seedling viability during metabolic disruptions. These results underscore the detrimental impact of chromium on maize growth by altering plant nitrogen and carbohydrate metabolisms and inducing oxidative stress.","PeriodicalId":16838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141576796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

First report of Botrytis cinerea in South African blueberry orchards 首次报告南非蓝莓果园中的灰葡萄孢菌

IF 2 4区农林科学

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection Pub Date : 2024-07-04 DOI: 10.1007/s41348-024-00963-5

Bryce J. Foster, Ida Wilson, Karin Jacobs

引用次数: 0

The nematode signaling molecule ascr#18 induces prepenetration defenses in wheat against a leaf rust fungus 线虫信号分子 ascr#18 诱导小麦对叶锈病真菌的预渗透防御能力

IF 2 4区农林科学

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.1007/s41348-024-00950-w

Akshita Kamboj, Jennifer Thielmann, Saba Delfan, Tim Kloppe, Philipp Schulz, Murli Manohar, Frank C. Schroeder, Daniel F. Klessig, Karl-Heinz Kogel

{"title":"The nematode signaling molecule ascr#18 induces prepenetration defenses in wheat against a leaf rust fungus","authors":"Akshita Kamboj, Jennifer Thielmann, Saba Delfan, Tim Kloppe, Philipp Schulz, Murli Manohar, Frank C. Schroeder, Daniel F. Klessig, Karl-Heinz Kogel","doi":"10.1007/s41348-024-00950-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-024-00950-w","url":null,"abstract":"Leaf rust, caused by the pathogenic biotrophic rust fungus Puccinia triticina (Pt), is one of the most destructive wheat diseases worldwide; its negative impact on crop yields is exacerbated by increasing temperatures due to climate change. Ascarosides are nematode pheromones that induce resistance to microbial pathogens and pests in a wide range of crops, making them valuable components in biocontrol scenarios. We investigated the effect on infection of various wheat (Triticum aestivum) genotypes with the virulent Pt race 77W × R by ascr#18, the major ascaroside secreted into the rhizosphere by plant-parasitic nematodes. Spraying the leaves with ascr#18 24 h before inoculation with fungal uredospores slowed disease development and resulted in a reduction of the number of rust pustules on treated compared to untreated leaves. Dose–response analysis over the nano- and micromolar range revealed a broad optimum concentration down to 0.01nM ascr#18. Microscopic analysis showed very early arrest of the fungus at the appressorial stage, with associated enhanced local accumulation of H2O2 and abortive stoma penetration. Similarly, ascr#18 also induced strong resistance to Pt race PKTTS, confirming its race-unspecific biocontrol activity. The results of this study are consistent with and extend previous research that has shown that ascr#18 activates plant immunity and thus protects plants from pathogens even at very low doses.","PeriodicalId":16838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141530228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficacy of nematicides, Tricuran-P (Trichoderma harzianum T-22) and chicken manure on cucumber root-knot nematode populations, plant growth and soil enzyme activities 杀线虫剂、Tricuran-P（Trichoderma harzianum T-22）和鸡粪对黄瓜根结线虫数量、植物生长和土壤酶活性的功效

IF 2 4区农林科学

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1007/s41348-024-00957-3

Shiva Mardani, Mehdi Nasr-Esfahani, Majid Olia, Hamid Molahosseini, Hamed Hassanzadeh Khankahdani

{"title":"Efficacy of nematicides, Tricuran-P (Trichoderma harzianum T-22) and chicken manure on cucumber root-knot nematode populations, plant growth and soil enzyme activities","authors":"Shiva Mardani, Mehdi Nasr-Esfahani, Majid Olia, Hamid Molahosseini, Hamed Hassanzadeh Khankahdani","doi":"10.1007/s41348-024-00957-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-024-00957-3","url":null,"abstract":"Root-knot nematodes (RKNs), Meloidogyne spp., are globally important plant-parasitic nematodes with a very broad host range including cucumber. In this research, we evaluated the nematicidal efficacy of commercial Abamectin-CAP (Vertimec 1.8% EC) versus Iranian-produced Abamectin-IAP (Vertimec 2% EC) compared with Cadusafos (Rugby), Trichoderma harzianum T-22 (Tricuran-P), and chicken manure against the cucumber RKN, Meloidogyne javanica, in commercial greenhouses. We also analyzed the effect of the products and amendment on several soil enzymes because of their significant roles in increasing the rate of decomposition and release of plant available nutrients. The results showed highly significant differences among treatments. The highest reduction of second-stage juveniles (J2) in the soil was recorded for Abamectin-CAP and Abamectin-IAP (93–95%), followed by Tricuran-P (90%), Rugby (82%) and chicken manure (65%). Similar results were obtained for the number of J2 and eggs in the root (94%), root gall indexes (94%), egg mass indexes (74–79%), and reproduction percentage (5.4–8.3%) in the Abamectin-CAP and Abamectin-IAP treatments. Enzyme activity assays showed that Rugby and chicken manure both caused a significant decrease in urease activity, followed by Abamectin-CAP and Abamectin-IAP. The highest alkaline phosphatase activity was observed for Abamectin-IAP and Abamectin-CAP, whereas the highest acidic phosphatase activity was in the Abamectin-CAP treatment. The results form a basis for developing integrated pest management strategies for RKN in cucumber.","PeriodicalId":16838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141510717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Alterations in CYP51 of Cercospora beticola and their effects on DMI sensitivity Cercospora beticola 的 CYP51 变化及其对 DMI 敏感性的影响

IF 2 4区农林科学

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection Pub Date : 2024-06-27 DOI: 10.1007/s41348-024-00961-7

Mascha Hoffmeister, Jonas Schorer, Anja Hinson, Gerd Stammler

{"title":"Alterations in CYP51 of Cercospora beticola and their effects on DMI sensitivity","authors":"Mascha Hoffmeister, Jonas Schorer, Anja Hinson, Gerd Stammler","doi":"10.1007/s41348-024-00961-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-024-00961-7","url":null,"abstract":"Cercospora leaf spot (CLS) disease caused by the ascomycete Cercospora beticola is the most widespread fungal leaf disease in sugar beet. Fungicides of two active ingredient classes, quinone-outside inhibitors (QoIs) and demethylation inhibitors (DMIs), were important tools for CLS control. Over the years, C. beticola has become resistant to QoIs and a sensitivity shift has been reported for DMIs. In this study, the mechanisms causing variation in DMI sensitivity in C. beticola isolates from Europe were analyzed. The CYP51 mutations I387M, Y464S, and L144F were detected in many isolates, and most isolates carried the L144F in combination with mutation I309T. Furthermore, single isolates with other mutation combinations have been found. Wildtype isolates were found in low frequency in all European countries. Isolates that contained L144F showed higher EC50 values than those without L144F. Ranges of EC50 values of different CYP51 haplotypes were overlapping, an indication that other resistance mechanisms are present. Mutation L144F is more frequently encoded by codon TTC (96%) than by TTT (4%), and the usage of codon TTC was correlated with increased EC50 values, this being more pronounced for difenoconazole than for mefentrifluconazole. In addition, it could be observed that the usage of codon GAG for E at amino acid position 170, instead of GAA, was more frequently found in isolates with a higher adaptation compared with haplotypes that did not contain L144F. Overall, GAA was present in 67% of all isolates and GAG in 33%, with an unequal distribution within the haplotypes. These data indicate that target site mutations, especially L144F haplotypes, influence DMI sensitivity and that in L144F haplotypes, L144F codon usage might be responsible for variations within L144F haplotypes. The codon usage for E170 may influence sensitivity and increase EC50 variation of wildtype isolates and isolates with “weak” mutations, but not in L144F haplotypes.","PeriodicalId":16838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141530284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0