Unraveling the efficacy and reproductive potential of two native isolates of entomopathogenic nematodes against cabbage butterfly (Pieris brassicae (L.) (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)

Abstract

Efficacy of two Indian isolates of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) viz., Heterorhabditis bacteriophora MK256358 and Steinernema feltiae MK256355 were tested in laboratory against the larvae of cabbage butterfly, Pieris brassicae. Larval mortality was found directly proportional to initial inoculum level of infective juveniles (IJs). Susceptibility of larvae varied with respect to their variable size. H. bacteriophora MK256358 @ 25 IJs/larva caused 100% mortality to 3rd instar larvae at 72 h but @ 75 IJs/larva, the same mortality was achieved in 48 h. S. feltiae MK256355 @ 100 IJs/larva caused 100% mortality to 3rd instar larvae of P. brassicae at 48 h. H. bacteriophora MK256358 @ 25 and 100 IJs/larva resulted in 100% mortality to 4th and 5th instar larvae, respectively at 72 h, however S. feltiae MK256355 was unable to cause 100% mortality to either 4th or 5th instar larvae at any inoculum level or time period used in the study. LD₅₀ and LT₅₀ values of H. bacteriophora MK256358 were lower than S. feltiae MK256355 indicating that less nematode dose and time is required to kill 50% pest population. Reproduction capacity of nematode within the host was directly proportional to individual larval size and nematode inoculum level and for H. bacteriophora MK256358, it was higher and statistically significant (P ≤ 0.05) from S. feltiae MK256355. Our experimental findings open new avenues for utilization of EPNs against P. brassicae and set the basis for safe insect pest management programme.