Journal of pharmacological methods最新文献_第6页

Quantitation of nitric oxide formation from nitrovasodilator drugs by chemiluminescence analysis of headspace gas 顶空气体化学发光分析定量硝基血管扩张剂药物生成一氧化氮

Journal of pharmacological methods Pub Date : 1991-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/0160-5402(91)90019-2

James F. Brien, Brian E. McLaughlin, Kanji Nakatsu, Gerald S. Marks

{"title":"Quantitation of nitric oxide formation from nitrovasodilator drugs by chemiluminescence analysis of headspace gas","authors":"James F. Brien, Brian E. McLaughlin, Kanji Nakatsu, Gerald S. Marks","doi":"10.1016/0160-5402(91)90019-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0160-5402(91)90019-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A rapid and reliable method has been developed for the quantitation of nitric oxide by chemiluminescence analysis of headspace gas. Aqueous nitric oxide standards are used to calibrate the method. There is a linear relationship between the amount of nitric oxide and the redox chemiluminescence detector response over the range of 52–2445 pmol of nitric oxide in 2.0 mL of deionized water contained in a sealed 6.2-mL flask. The intra-day and inter-day coefficient of variation values of the method do not exceed 4% and 9%, respectively. The lower limit of quantitative sensitivity and the lower limit of qualitative detection are 52 pmol and 26 pmol of nitric oxide, respectively. This method has been used to measure nitric oxide formation during the incubation of glyceryl trinitrate or sodium nitroprusside in the presence of cysteine. This method has two major advantages over the currently available procedures for the quantitation of nitric oxide, viz., no artifactual formation of nitric oxide during sample preparation and decreased instrumental contamination.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacological methods","volume":"25 1","pages":"Pages 19-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0160-5402(91)90019-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13062867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 58

A sensitive method for simultaneous determination of histamine and noradrenaline with high-performance liquid chromatography/electrochemistry 高效液相色谱/电化学同时测定组胺和去甲肾上腺素的灵敏方法

Journal of pharmacological methods Pub Date : 1991-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/0160-5402(91)90020-6

Xinqiang Han, Man M. Vohra

{"title":"A sensitive method for simultaneous determination of histamine and noradrenaline with high-performance liquid chromatography/electrochemistry","authors":"Xinqiang Han, Man M. Vohra","doi":"10.1016/0160-5402(91)90020-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0160-5402(91)90020-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A simple and reliable high-performance liquid Chromatographic method is described for the simultaneous determination of histamine (His), which cannot be directly oxidized, and noradrenaline (NA), which can be directly oxidized within the useful working potential range. The isoindole products formed by precolumn derivatization of His and NA with <em>o</em>-phthalaldehyde (OPA) and 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) yielded a linear relationship of detection between the electrochemical signal and the compound content to a minimum detectable limit of 50 pg (signalto-noise ratio = 3:1) for both compounds at 0.5 nA of detector range. Without 2-ME, OPA derivatives of both His and NA were not detectable electrochemically at the oxidation potential range from 0 to +1 V. Although the peak potential was +0.85 V for both His and NA, we used +0.7 V for both compounds to keep background noise minimal. The capacity factors of some electrochemically interfering compounds were also determined. The significance of OPA/2-ME derivative of NA is discussed relative to the direct oxidation of catecholamines. An example of a practical application of the method to the determination of His and NA in rat cardiac tissue is presented.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacological methods","volume":"25 1","pages":"Pages 29-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0160-5402(91)90020-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13187468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Determination of the functional dissociation constant of a partial agonist by comparison with a higher efficacy agonist 部分激动剂与高效激动剂的功能解离常数的比较

Journal of pharmacological methods Pub Date : 1991-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/0160-5402(91)90018-Z

Keith A. Freeman, Ronald J. Tallarida

{"title":"Determination of the functional dissociation constant of a partial agonist by comparison with a higher efficacy agonist","authors":"Keith A. Freeman, Ronald J. Tallarida","doi":"10.1016/0160-5402(91)90018-Z","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0160-5402(91)90018-Z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A formula derived by Gero and Tallarida (1977) relates the equilibrium dissociation constant of a partial agonist (P) and that of a second agonist (A) of greater efficacy that acts on the same receptor. The second agonist may or may not be a strong agonist. Accordingly, if the dissociation constant (<em>K</em>) of one of the compounds is known, say from the method of partial irreversible receptor blockade, then the dissociation constant for the other may be determined from the complete concentration-effect curves of the compounds and the derived formula: <span><math><mtext>K</mtext><msub><mi></mi><mn>p</mn></msub><mtext> = </mtext><mtext>K</mtext><msub><mi></mi><mn>A</mn></msub><mtext>(A</mtext><msub><mi></mi><mn>p</mn></msub><mtext> − A</mtext><msub><mi></mi><mn>i</mn></msub><mtext>)</mtext><mtext>P</mtext><msub><mi></mi><mn>i</mn></msub><mtext>/(A</mtext><msub><mi></mi><mn>p</mn></msub><mtext> + K</mtext><msub><mi></mi><mn>A</mn></msub><mtext>)A</mtext><msub><mi></mi><mn>i</mn></msub><mtext>, </mtext><mtext>where</mtext><mtext> P</mtext><msub><mi></mi><mn>i</mn></msub><mtext>and</mtext><mtext> A</mtext><msub><mi></mi><mn>i</mn></msub></math></span> are equieffective concentrations of P and <em>A</em>, <em>A</em><sub><em>p</em></sub> = the concentration of A that gives an effect = the maximum effect of P. The practical use of this formula is illustrated here for several agonists, and for each, the value of <em>K</em> obtained is compared to that obtained by partial irreversible receptor blockade. In all cases tested, the agreement is quite good, thus suggesting that this method may be a practical alternative.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacological methods","volume":"25 1","pages":"Pages 11-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0160-5402(91)90018-Z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12838915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

A comparison between three methods for estimation of extracellular concentrations of exogenous and endogenous compounds by microdialysis 微透析法测定外源性和内源性化合物细胞外浓度的三种方法的比较

Journal of pharmacological methods Pub Date : 1991-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/0160-5402(91)90021-V

Lars Ståhle, Stina Segersvärd, Urban Ungerstedt

{"title":"A comparison between three methods for estimation of extracellular concentrations of exogenous and endogenous compounds by microdialysis","authors":"Lars Ståhle, Stina Segersvärd, Urban Ungerstedt","doi":"10.1016/0160-5402(91)90021-V","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0160-5402(91)90021-V","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In vitro models simulating tissues were used to test the validity of three methods for determining the free concentration of drugs and endogenous compounds in the extracellular space by means of microdialysis. Theophylline was used as a model substance. <em>Recovery</em> is defined as the proportion of compounds extracted from the medium surrounding the probe. The <em>water recovery</em> method is the use of recovery, determined in a water solution, to estimate concentrations in other media. This method was shown to underestimate the surrounding concentration when the effective rate of diffusion is smaller in the other medium than in water. The <em>difference method</em> measures the net transport over the dialysis membrane at varying concentrations in the perfusion medium. The point of equilibrium, where no net transport takes place, is used to estimate the surrounding concentration. The perfusion rate method involves two phases. In the first phase (calibration), surrounding media with different diffusion characteristics were used as tissue models. The amount recovered at different perfusion rates was measured and a multivariate regression method was used to calculate a mathematical model. In the second phase, the mathematical model was used to predict the concentration in the surrounding medium in new experiments. The two latter methods gave satisfactory predictions of the surrounding concentrations. Protein binding did not affect the methods. It is concluded that the difference method and the perfusion rate method may be used to estimate the in vivo concentration of drugs and endogenous compounds.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacological methods","volume":"25 1","pages":"Pages 41-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0160-5402(91)90021-V","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13187469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 158

Calcium transport activity of rat cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum isolated in the presence of dithiothreitol 二硫苏糖醇存在下大鼠心肌肌浆网钙转运活性的研究

Journal of pharmacological methods Pub Date : 1991-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/0160-5402(91)90022-W

Shawn C. Black, John H. McNeill, Sidney Katz

{"title":"Calcium transport activity of rat cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum isolated in the presence of dithiothreitol","authors":"Shawn C. Black, John H. McNeill, Sidney Katz","doi":"10.1016/0160-5402(91)90022-W","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0160-5402(91)90022-W","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We examined the effect of dithiothreitol (DTT) on the isolation and calcium transport properties of rat cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). DTT at a concentration of 4 mM was included in the homogenization/initial isolation and the high-salt (KCI) buffers used in the preparation of the SR fraction. The inclusion of DTT in the SR isolation media did not affect the total amount of SR protein isolated from ventricular tissue. However, SR isolated in the presence of DTT exhibited a significantly increased (<em>p</em> < 0.05) rate of calcium transport at free calcium concentrations ranging from 0.1 μm up to 2.0 μm, and a 26% increase in the apparent affinity of the SR calcium transport system for Ca<sup>2+</sup>. DTT included in the calcium-transport reaction medium did not significantly alter the rate of SR calcium transport in SR preparations isolated in the absence or presence of DTT. These results demonstrate that functionally important sulfhydryl groups of the SR calcium transport pump may be oxidized during the isolation of the membrane fraction and that such oxidation can be reduced by including DTT in the isolation buffers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacological methods","volume":"25 1","pages":"Pages 53-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0160-5402(91)90022-W","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13187470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Differences between the in vitro vasoconstrictor responses of the tail artery to potassium and norepinephrine between spontaneously hypertensive, renovascular hypertensive, and various strains of normotensive rats 自发性高血压、肾血管性高血压和不同品系正常血压大鼠尾动脉对钾和去甲肾上腺素体外血管收缩反应的差异

Journal of pharmacological methods Pub Date : 1991-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/0160-5402(91)90023-X

Abdel-Kader Fouda, Christine Capdeville, Daniel Henrion, Nathalie Thorin-Trescases, Eric Thorin, Jeffrey Atkinson

引用次数: 7

Technical considerations in evaluating the endothelial integrity of rat aortic preparations with silver staining 银染色评价大鼠主动脉内皮完整性的技术考虑

Journal of pharmacological methods Pub Date : 1991-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/0160-5402(91)90024-Y

Maria Gabaldón, Carmen Capdevila

{"title":"Technical considerations in evaluating the endothelial integrity of rat aortic preparations with silver staining","authors":"Maria Gabaldón, Carmen Capdevila","doi":"10.1016/0160-5402(91)90024-Y","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0160-5402(91)90024-Y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Assessment of endothelial integrity is an obligatory step in many pharmacological studies. Integrity of endothelium is affected by manipulations performed during the removal and cleaning of the vessel and by some of the silver-staining techniques utilized for demonstrating interendothelial junctions. When aortas were cleaned of periadventitial tissue in cold Tris-saline (once separated from the animal) by untrained personnel, only 45% of the endothelium was preserved. When cleaning was performed in situ by trained personnel while flushing with cold Krebs-Ringer-6% albumin, over 95% was left intact. AgNO<sub>3</sub>-staining performed before fixation produced a 50% loss of endothelium when using NH<sub>4</sub>Br and (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>S as developers. AgNO<sub>3</sub>-staining performed after fixation produced over 95% recuperation of endothelium when 2% glutaraldehyde, 150 mM NaCI, 40 mM phosphate buffer, pH 7.4, were utilized as initial fixative, NH<sub>4</sub>Br and (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>S being equally effective as developers. Chloride ions were necessary to intensify silver lines. Several patterns of deendothelization were produced by mechanical and chemical injury with saponin, NH<sub>4</sub>Br and (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>S. In all cases, hematoxylin staining was employed as an auxiliary technique to interpret images of injured endothelium. Presence of albumin protected the endothelium from mechanical damage.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacological methods","volume":"25 1","pages":"Pages 69-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0160-5402(91)90024-Y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12873486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Influence of the isolation method on the stability of differentiated phenotype in cultured rat hepatocytes 分离方法对培养大鼠肝细胞分化表型稳定性的影响

Journal of pharmacological methods Pub Date : 1991-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/0160-5402(91)90025-Z

J. Bayad, N. Sabolovic, D. Bagrel, J. Magdalou, G. Siest

{"title":"Influence of the isolation method on the stability of differentiated phenotype in cultured rat hepatocytes","authors":"J. Bayad, N. Sabolovic, D. Bagrel, J. Magdalou, G. Siest","doi":"10.1016/0160-5402(91)90025-Z","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0160-5402(91)90025-Z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Primary cultures of adult rat hepatocytes were established using two different isolation procedures: a two-step collagenase perfusion and a method using ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA) as the dissociating agent. Both techniques provided good yields of hepatocytes with comparable viability. The evolution of hepato-specific protein levels and several drug-metabolizing enzyme activities were followed for 8 days in cultured hepatocytes obtained by both methods. EDTA-isolated hepatocytes maintained a low gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity, whereas collagenase-treated cells acquired a high GGT level. Transferrin secretion and tyrosine aminotransferase (TAT), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and microsomal epoxide hydrolase (mEH) activities were stable in both EDTA- and collagenase-isolated hepatocytes, whereas albumin secretion, aspartate amino transferase (AST) activity, total cytochromes P-450 content, IA1 and IIB1 P-450 isoenzymes, NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase (EC 1.6.2.4) levels, and bilirubin glucuronidation decreased faster in collagenase-treated cells. The most important difference observed was the maintainance of the mixed-function oxidase system in EDTA-isolated hepatocytes. These results emphasize the critical role of isolation technique in stabilization of differentiated hepatocytes in primary culture.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacological methods","volume":"25 1","pages":"Pages 85-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0160-5402(91)90025-Z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13012036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Variability of hemodynamic values and plasma catecholamine concentrations over a one-hour period in conscious, restrained rats 清醒克制大鼠一小时内血液动力学值和血浆儿茶酚胺浓度的变异性

Journal of pharmacological methods Pub Date : 1991-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/0160-5402(91)90017-Y

Christophe Gaudin, Alain Braillon, Gerhard Kleber, Catherine Girod, Didier Lebrec

{"title":"Variability of hemodynamic values and plasma catecholamine concentrations over a one-hour period in conscious, restrained rats","authors":"Christophe Gaudin, Alain Braillon, Gerhard Kleber, Catherine Girod, Didier Lebrec","doi":"10.1016/0160-5402(91)90017-Y","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0160-5402(91)90017-Y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Restrained conscious rats have been widely used for physiological and pharmacological hemodynamic studies. In this condition, the variability of the circulation is unclear. Repeated measurements in restrained normal rats showed stable systemic hemodynamics (cardiac output ranging from 130 ± 14 <em>to</em> 174 ± 10, mean arterial pressure ranging from 109 ± 9 <em>to</em> 117 ± 5 mmHg) and splanchnic hemodynamics (splanchnic blood flow ranging from 8.51 ± 1.89 to 13.01 ± 1.45 mL min<sup>−1</sup> 100 g<sup>−1</sup> body wt) over a period of 1 hr. Slight but not significant hemodynamic variations, however, occurred in pulmonary blood flow. Similarly, plasma noradrenaline concentrations did not vary over this period (plasma noradrenaline level ranging from <span><math><mtext>186 ± 36 </mtext><mtext>to</mtext><mtext> 358 ± 64 </mtext><mtext>pg</mtext><mtext>mL</mtext></math></span>). These plasma noradrenaline concentrations were similar to those measured in a group of conscious unrestrained rats 3 hr after recovery from surgery (<span><math><mtext>292 ± 60 </mtext><mtext>pg</mtext><mtext>mL</mtext></math></span>). A significant correlation was observed between plasma noradrenaline concentration and heart rate.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacological methods","volume":"25 1","pages":"Pages 1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0160-5402(91)90017-Y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13187467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Evaluation of combined effects in dose-response wstudies by statistical comparison with additive and independent interactions 通过加性和独立相互作用的统计比较评价剂量-反应研究中的联合效应

Journal of pharmacological methods Pub Date : 1990-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/0160-5402(90)90015-D

Gerald Pöch, Peter Dittrich, Sigrid Holzmann

{"title":"Evaluation of combined effects in dose-response wstudies by statistical comparison with additive and independent interactions","authors":"Gerald Pöch, Peter Dittrich, Sigrid Holzmann","doi":"10.1016/0160-5402(90)90015-D","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0160-5402(90)90015-D","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An improved method for the evaluation of combined drug effects by means of dose-response curves (DRCs) is described. A drug, A, was tested in the absence and presence of a fixed concentration of another drug, B, mainly in organ-bath experiments with smooth muscle strips from bovine coronary arteries and trachéal muscle. The results of such experiments are expressed in terms of percent of maximum response. Median values, rather than mean values, for each concentration of drug A were determined in order to allow a comparison of observed with expected frequencies above or below median DRCs of additive and independent interactions. This comparison was done with the chi-square goodnessof-fit statistic. Advantage was taken of the curve-fitting program ALLFIT to construct DRCs. However, the method presented does not require a computer program. The results indicate that additive interactions point to actions of drugs at the same site inasmuch as they differ significantly from independent interactions. Overadditive interactions reflect differences between the sites of action. This may either be due to independent actions or to some kind of synergistic “cooperativity”, for example, sequential interaction. The effects of the latter significantly exceed the effects expected for independently interacting compounds. This method appears applicable to compounds exerting all kinds of responses that can be described by DRCs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacological methods","volume":"24 4","pages":"Pages 311-325"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0160-5402(90)90015-D","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13443563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 38