Journal of Contemporary International Relations and Diplomacy最新文献_第3页

Gender equality and protection for the girl-child education in conflict environments: The case of Afghanistan and Nigeria 冲突环境中的性别平等与女童教育保护:以阿富汗和尼日利亚为例

Journal of Contemporary International Relations and Diplomacy Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.53982/jcird.2022.0301.01-j

Ajinde Oluwashakin

{"title":"Gender equality and protection for the girl-child education in conflict environments: The case of Afghanistan and Nigeria","authors":"Ajinde Oluwashakin","doi":"10.53982/jcird.2022.0301.01-j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53982/jcird.2022.0301.01-j","url":null,"abstract":"Certain cultural practices and poverty have inhibited girls’ and women’s life chances and opportunities for long before the dawn of the 21st century, regardless of their number and productivity. Moreover, in most developing countries, girl-child education has not been given the priority it deserved. While the gender equality issue has gained global attention at the level of the United Nations since 1948, it is still regarded as ‘unfinished business,’ of our time. Therefore, the paper examines the vulnerability facing girl-child education and the protection needed to secure their education, for their self-dignity and sustainable development. The feminist theory is adopted, as well as the concept of the responsibility to protect (R2P). The study is descriptive and utilizes data from books, journals, newspapers, and websites of relevant organizations, especially the UN, UNESCO, and UNICEF. Content analysis of daily news feeds, from verified media stables, provides authentic data. Findings revealed that the girl-child is more vulnerable than the boy-child in conflict environments. There is a deliberate assault on girl-child education. More girls are out-of-school than boys. Both the domestic and foreign policies of the Nigerian and Afghan governments clearly showed the extent of their responsibility to protect girl-child education, partly to achieve the UN and AU quality education goal. The paper concludes that the protection of girl-child education must be made a priority of the state because the female gender is the bearer of life and reproductive sustainability. The girl-child should be provided with free quality education to be equipped for economic empowerment. School premises in conflict environments need to be more fortified from terrorists, bandits, and kidnappers. Intelligence gatherings need to be broadened and sustained such that government security agencies should not only be on the defensive but also the offensive against terrorist operational bases.","PeriodicalId":168045,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary International Relations and Diplomacy","volume":"32 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130123603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Africa we want or the Africa we were given? Interrogating the African economic community and the challenges of monetary integration in West Africa 是我们想要的非洲，还是我们得到的非洲?探讨非洲经济共同体和西非货币一体化的挑战

Journal of Contemporary International Relations and Diplomacy Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.53982/jcird.2022.0301.02-j

Emeka C. Iloh, G. U. Osimen, U. C. Okafor

{"title":"The Africa we want or the Africa we were given? Interrogating the African economic community and the challenges of monetary integration in West Africa","authors":"Emeka C. Iloh, G. U. Osimen, U. C. Okafor","doi":"10.53982/jcird.2022.0301.02-j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53982/jcird.2022.0301.02-j","url":null,"abstract":"The study interrogates the possibility of achieving monetary integration in West Africa as part of efforts at realizing the envisaged African Economic Community (AEC). Eight regional economic communities (RECs) were recognized by the African Union (AU) as building blocks for the AEC, whose ultimate goal is the establishment of an economic and monetary union in Africa. These RECs are the institutional mechanisms through which this integration will be achieved, and monetary cooperation in the RECs is one of the steps towards achieving the integration. The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) is one of these RECs. Extant literature accounts blame the failure to achieve monetary integration in the sub-region on the countries’ inability to meet the ‘convergence criteria’ required to establish a monetary union. This study acknowledges this but contends that though this undermines monetary integration in the continent and sub-region, much attention has not been given to the impacts of colonial legacy. The study is anchored on the theory of the post-colonial state and utilizes the documentary method of data collection. The findings indicate that the nature and character of the continent handed over to Africans at independence, especially by France, and its continued meddlesomeness, have made it very difficult for West African countries to forge a common front in monetary integration. This casts doubts on the possibility of realizing the monetary integration agenda of the AEC. The study, therefore, concludes that as long as France continues to meddle in the affairs of its former colonies in West Africa, efforts at monetary integration in the sub-region and the wider AEC are likely to continue to be undermined.","PeriodicalId":168045,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary International Relations and Diplomacy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129558168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ECOWAS regional integration and trans-border security management in Nigeria 西非经共体区域一体化和尼日利亚跨界安全管理

Journal of Contemporary International Relations and Diplomacy Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.53982/jcird.2022.0301.04-j

Chigozie Joseph Nebeife, Michael Emeka Chinwuba, Jude Onyekachi Onwuanibe

{"title":"ECOWAS regional integration and trans-border security management in Nigeria","authors":"Chigozie Joseph Nebeife, Michael Emeka Chinwuba, Jude Onyekachi Onwuanibe","doi":"10.53982/jcird.2022.0301.04-j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53982/jcird.2022.0301.04-j","url":null,"abstract":"The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) treaty was signed in Lagos on May 28, 1975, with a mandate to promote cooperation among member states and thus create a regional economic bloc. The essence of the treaty is to remove obstacles to the free movement of goods, capital, and people in the sub-region. While this integration project is noted for economic prosperity and development, it tends to have occasioned trans-border security management challenges in West Africa. Therefore, this paper examines the management of trans-border security challenges emanating from regional integration efforts in the West African sub-region. It is anchored on Neo-functional integration theory and relies on qualitative secondary data sourced through documents. This paper posits that achieving socio-economic prosperity for West Africa required eliminating certain barriers and restrictions to economic activities. However, the paper establishes that the implementation of integration programmes has thrown up new challenges for trans-border security management due to seemingly unregulated migration. It concludes that the integration programme wrapped in the ECOWAS protocol on the free movement of goods and persons has constituted bottlenecks for trans-border security management in Nigeria. It is therefore recommended among others that Nigeria’s government should strengthen its border patrol and establish a joint border patrol between Nigeria and other neighbouring countries to ensure effective trans-border security management.","PeriodicalId":168045,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary International Relations and Diplomacy","volume":"2012 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127390818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessment of the Gambian Police Force on Crime Prevention and Control 对冈比亚警察部队预防和控制犯罪的评估

Journal of Contemporary International Relations and Diplomacy Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.53982/jcird.2022.0301.05-j

K. Gibba, Banna Sawaneh, Momodou Mustapha Fanneh, Nelson Goldpin Obah-Akpowoghaha

{"title":"Assessment of the Gambian Police Force on Crime Prevention and Control","authors":"K. Gibba, Banna Sawaneh, Momodou Mustapha Fanneh, Nelson Goldpin Obah-Akpowoghaha","doi":"10.53982/jcird.2022.0301.05-j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53982/jcird.2022.0301.05-j","url":null,"abstract":"The study assessed the Gambia Police Force (GPF) on Crime Prevention and Control in the Greater Banjul Area of The Gambia from 2017 to 2019. The study used both primary and secondary data. Primary data were collected using questionnaires and interview guides. The targeted population for this study was serving members of The Gambia Police Force (GPF), and 254 members were sampled out of 700 populations using the Taro Yamane formula. The distribution of the sample size was based on convenient sampling in terms of accessing major police stations and police posts. In the course of the fieldwork, 254 copies of the questionnaire were administered with the aim of retrieving the required number meant for the study. The study used descriptive and inferential statistical tools to analyse the data. Three interviews were conducted with officials from GAF, NAATIP, and WANEP who are knowledgeable on the subject of investigation. The selection and distribution of the numbers of respondents were purposively interviewed. The findings of the study revealed that the GPF used outdated gadgets and human intelligence as methods and approaches in responding to crime prevention and control in the country. The study also revealed that GPF faced certain operational limitations in using modern security tools. This was due to inadequate exposure in terms of training and the challenge of the apolitical among the ranks and files of the GPF. The study identified copious challenges facing GPF which is a general issue in most African countries based on the extant literature. The challenge of funding; corruption; political interference; indiscipline; non-compliance and reporting of some citizens and so on, have constituted some level of hindrances to the GPF on crime prevention and control in The Gambia. This paper evaluates the effectiveness of the methods and approaches used by the GPF on crime prevention and control; and assess the challenges facing the GPF on crime prevention and control in the Gambia (GBA).","PeriodicalId":168045,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary International Relations and Diplomacy","volume":"267 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128492298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Examination of “Rationality’’ on President George Bush (Jr) Second Gulf War Intelligence 对小布什总统第二次海湾战争情报“合理性”的考察

Journal of Contemporary International Relations and Diplomacy Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.53982/jcird.2022.0301.07-j

David Oluwafemi Bodunde

{"title":"An Examination of “Rationality’’ on President George Bush (Jr) Second Gulf War Intelligence","authors":"David Oluwafemi Bodunde","doi":"10.53982/jcird.2022.0301.07-j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53982/jcird.2022.0301.07-j","url":null,"abstract":"The world is faced with a series of security problems and the need to address such problems depends on the leaders at the helm of affairs. International problems such as the threat of terrorism, Weapons of Mass Destruction cannot be treated with levity, they require deep thinking with a rational mind to prevent or cause war. However, the issue of leadership committing his nation to war or not is been addressed within the corridor of exercise of power. Critical case of the second Gulf war had questioned the rationality of President George Bush (Jnr) in prosecuting the war despite opinion polls that were against it. Since the war attracted political and academic debate bothering on rationality, it is worthwhile to attempt this paper by examining President George Bush’s (Jnr) rationality or otherwise in going for the war. The paper is based on qualitative analysis with the application of textbooks, journals, periodicals, and adopted interviews published on the websites. It also concluded that rationality is a beauty in the eye of the beholder and that American foreign policies are the instruments that any of its leaders must follow to achieve national interest based on primacy, democratic philosophy, and a world order based on his degree of rationality.","PeriodicalId":168045,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary International Relations and Diplomacy","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130416898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

THE ENVIRONMENT AND SECURITY NEXUS IN WEST AFRICA AND THE SAHEL REGION 西非和萨赫勒地区的环境与安全关系

Journal of Contemporary International Relations and Diplomacy Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.53982/jcird.2021.0201.05-j

A. Sunday, A. N. Roberts

引用次数: 0

CHINA’S MARKET EXPANSION AND IMPACTS ON NIGERIA’S TEXTILE INDUSTRY 中国市场的扩张和对尼日利亚纺织业的影响

Journal of Contemporary International Relations and Diplomacy Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.53982/jcird.2021.0201.04-j

Adaora Osondu-Oti

{"title":"CHINA’S MARKET EXPANSION AND IMPACTS ON NIGERIA’S TEXTILE INDUSTRY","authors":"Adaora Osondu-Oti","doi":"10.53982/jcird.2021.0201.04-j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53982/jcird.2021.0201.04-j","url":null,"abstract":"This study analyses the various ways in which China’s market expansion impacts Nigeria’s textile industry. Two major surviving textile firms in Nigeria were studied: Sunflag Textile Manufacturing Company and the United Nigerian Textile Manufacturing Company. The study made use of documentary research and a qualitative case study, where an interview was employed as the research tool. Global economic integration/trade liberalization formed the theoretical basis for analysis. Findings reveal that China’s market expansion driven by globalisation impacts significantly on Nigeria’s textile industry. For instance, the influx of Chinese cheap textiles (80 per cent of textiles in the Nigerian market today are imported from China) and the re-export of textiles imported from China by neighbouring states such as the Benin Republic to Nigeria through smuggling has led to an almost total collapse of Nigeria’s textile industry. China has also taken advantage of the country’s huge infrastructure deficit and government neglect of the textile sector to replicate Nigerian unique Wax print known as Ankara, thereby displacing local producers. Thus, the once-thriving manufacturing textile sector has become moribund as Chinese textiles take over the Nigerian market. The study recommends that the Nigerian government should support (financially) the distressed/collapsed firms and also upgrade the country’s infrastructure particularly the power sector for the remaining textile firms to survive and compete successfully in a globalised world.","PeriodicalId":168045,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary International Relations and Diplomacy","volume":"194 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123554955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

THE GULF WAR REVISITED: ISSUES AND CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE ART OF WAR 重新审视海湾战争:战争艺术的问题和贡献

Journal of Contemporary International Relations and Diplomacy Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.53982/jcird.2021.0201.07-j

R. Opeyeoluwa

{"title":"THE GULF WAR REVISITED: ISSUES AND CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE ART OF WAR","authors":"R. Opeyeoluwa","doi":"10.53982/jcird.2021.0201.07-j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53982/jcird.2021.0201.07-j","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the 1991 Gulf War and how it contributed to the development of the art of war since the dawn of the post-Cold War realities. The 1991 Gulf War was a war waged by a coalition force of 40 nations led by the United States of America (USA) against Iraq in response to Iraq’s invasion and subsequent annexation of Kuwait, arising from oil pricing and production disputes. This article seeks an explanation for how the Gulf War has contributed to the art of war by explaining how the Napoleonic strategy of quick and decisive victory was used in the operation. This strategy contrast sharply with the intention of Iraq for a sustained all-drawn-out war, which is meant to wear out their opponents. The article analyses the further consequences of this conceptual clash in military doctrine. It explains that the contrast between both concepts and especially the western military culture for fighting wars was the decisive element in the Gulf War. In carrying out this research, secondary sources were consulted and used accordingly. The research findings show the contribution of the 1991 Gulf War to the increasing complexities of war. The war further demonstrated the validity of the collective security system as the coalition forces were able to restore Kuwait’s sovereignty. In addition, the study is relevant as it exposed the challenges posed by warfare and the vulnerabilities it poses in inter-state relations and on the international system.","PeriodicalId":168045,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary International Relations and Diplomacy","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117080123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

2020 UNITED STATES PRESIDENTIAL POLL AND CAPITOL HILL ASSAULT: TUMBLE FROM A DEMOCRATIC MORAL HIGH GROUND 2020年美国总统选举和国会山攻击:从民主道德制高点跌落

Journal of Contemporary International Relations and Diplomacy Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.53982/jcird.2021.0201.02-j

John Danfulani, Ajime Comfort Msurshima

{"title":"2020 UNITED STATES PRESIDENTIAL POLL AND CAPITOL HILL ASSAULT: TUMBLE FROM A DEMOCRATIC MORAL HIGH GROUND","authors":"John Danfulani, Ajime Comfort Msurshima","doi":"10.53982/jcird.2021.0201.02-j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53982/jcird.2021.0201.02-j","url":null,"abstract":"Over 150 million Americans voted in their 3rd November 2020 presidential election. The poll recorded the highest number of voters since the creation of the United States of America (USA) over two centuries ago. The defeated GOP candidate and incumbent President Trump broke from the long-established tradition to concede. He instituted over sixty legal challenges of results of the poll without success. After multiple legal failures, he birthed conspiracy theories that end with a single message: ‘his mandate was stolen.’ This message instigated his supporters’ assault on Capitol Hill by insurrectionists on 6th January 2021. That singular decision liquidated cherished traditions of conceding to the will of the people, peaceful transfer of power, and faith in the American electoral system. A confluence of those events denied the Americans the moral strength to preach liberal democratic ideals at the global stage -- a mission they have been leading along with its allies since 1945, even long before then. This study was guided by the theory of American Exceptionalism that is traceable to the nation’s founding philosophy. The study relied on secondary sources of data from periodicals, journals, statements from political actors, and think tank reports. Conclusions and suggestions stemmed from facts encountered in various data consulted and analyzed.","PeriodicalId":168045,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary International Relations and Diplomacy","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124331967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

FRIENDS OR FRENEMIES? ASSESSING THE UNITED STATES RESPONSES TO NIGERIA’S QUEST FOR ANTI-TERRORISM SUPPORT 朋友还是亦敌亦友?评估美国对尼日利亚寻求反恐支持的反应

Journal of Contemporary International Relations and Diplomacy Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.53982/jcird.2021.0201.01-j

A. J. Owojori

{"title":"FRIENDS OR FRENEMIES? ASSESSING THE UNITED STATES RESPONSES TO NIGERIA’S QUEST FOR ANTI-TERRORISM SUPPORT","authors":"A. J. Owojori","doi":"10.53982/jcird.2021.0201.01-j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53982/jcird.2021.0201.01-j","url":null,"abstract":"Notwithstanding decades-long strains and stresses in their relations, Nigeria is one of the foremost African partners of the United States and a major recipient of American aid in Africa. Both countries have traditionally maintained very robust bilateral relations since the former’s political independence in 1960, especially given their economic ties. Until recently, their economic ties have been very robust, thanks to Nigeria’s sweet crude that the United States largely needed for decades. However, this study examines how the generally cordial bilateral relations between the two countries have not necessarily translated to effective security and anti-terrorism cooperation. Nigeria has consistently focused on the United States for anti-terrorism support, albeit with limited responses from the latter. In this regard, the study utilised both primary and secondary sources to investigate the puzzling inconsistencies in the anti-terrorism cooperation between these supposed allies. Thus, the study revealed that since both countries have a common interest in combating terrorism, a conventional realist approach can help us put in the proper perspective some understandable strategic reasons for their somewhat difficult anti-terrorism cooperation. The study concludes that as much as Nigeria desires American support, the dynamics of their anti-terrorism cooperation will not likely change for as long as the United States does not consider combating terrorism in Nigeria to be strategic to its Homeland Security.","PeriodicalId":168045,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary International Relations and Diplomacy","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128977262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0