Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science最新文献

{"title":"A Deterministic Model of the Gamma Radiation at the Soil Surface–Including Soil Moisture Correction for Better Radiation Data Exploitation in Soil Mapping","authors":"Ludger Herrmann, Georg Zimmermann","doi":"10.1002/jpln.202400129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.202400129","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>During the last decades, gamma spectrometry data have increasingly been used in soil science, for example, for mapping. However, the full data potential could not be exploited due to certain constraints, among which the insufficient representation of attenuating materials (in particular, water) in correction algorithms is the most important one. Due to this problem, most often only the potassium/thorium intensity ratio is used in soil science.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>However, the ultimate goal must be to derive from field gamma spectrometry the real content of the chemical elements that can be sensed (i.e., normally <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mi>K</mi>\u0000 <annotation>${mathrm{K}}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>, <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mi>U</mi>\u0000 <annotation>${mathrm{U}}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>, <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mi>Th</mi>\u0000 <annotation>${mathrm{Th}}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>, and <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mi>Cs</mi>\u0000 <annotation>${mathrm{Cs}}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>). The first enabling step is to deterministically model the gamma radiation at the soil surface in order to subsequently allow for water content correction by reverse modelling.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We present here a realisation of a mathematical model that is based on the ‘King-equation’, but additionally introduces the soil science concept of horizons, that is, a finite number of strata of various vertical thicknesses, with homogeneous properties within each horizon. This approach allows the use of radial symmetry as concept for the three-dimensional integration of the gamma signal. Input data for the model are horizon vertical thickness, total content of radiating and attenuating materials, and bulk density. Additionally, used parameters concern the decay chains of the radioactive elements.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Model tests with real soil produced count rates in the expected order of magnitude. Due to the instrumental setup of the field spectrometer, it was necessary to replace full spectrum analysis by the concept of regions of relevance (ROR) in order to be able ","PeriodicalId":16802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science","volume":"188 2","pages":"299-311"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jpln.202400129","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143793560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shrub Encroachment Increases Deep Soil Carbon Stocks and Reduces Carbon Turnover Rates in Alpine Meadows on the Tibetan Plateau","authors":"Luyun Chen,&nbsp;Narayan Prasad Gaire,&nbsp;Yongheng Gao","doi":"10.1002/jpln.202400507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.202400507","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Shrubs have been expanding on the alpine meadows of the Tibetan Plateau (TP).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>However, the effects of interactions between shrub size and soil depth on soil organic carbon (SOC) remain unclear.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, we selected alpine meadows encroached by <i>Lonicera rupicola</i>, <i>Potentilla fruticosa</i>, and <i>Caragana erinacea</i>, establishing sampling sites across three shrub sizes (small, medium, and large) and grass patches. We then measured SOC stocks and estimated SOC turnover rates using the isotopic enrichment factor <i>β</i> at a soil depth of 1 m.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results showed that all three typical expanding shrubs increased the SOC stocks, which mainly occurred in the deep soil of 20–100 cm. However, SOC stocks in the 0–10 cm layer tended to decrease with increasing shrub size, whereas the 10–20 cm layer exhibited no significant differences in SOC stocks across different vegetation types. Soils under shrubs also showed significantly higher <i>β</i> values compared to grass soils, particularly under large shrub patches, thus suggesting a slower SOC turnover. A positive correlation was found between <i>β</i> and SOC stock, indicating that the soil carbon (C) sequestration capacity of alpine meadows was enhanced after shrub expansion.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study emphasizes the importance of deep SOC in shrub expansion research and provides new insights into the assessment and prediction of C sink functions in alpine meadows in the context of global change.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science","volume":"188 2","pages":"278-288"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143793773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conservative Agriculture Based on Irrigation Increased the Connections in Inter-Kingdom Co-Occurrence Networks in Arid Zones of Argentina","authors":"Juan Pablo Frene,&nbsp;Valeria Faggioli,&nbsp;Julieta Covelli,&nbsp;Dalila Reyna,&nbsp;Patricio Sobrero,&nbsp;Luciano Gabbarini,&nbsp;Alejandro Ferrari,&nbsp;Luis Gabriel Wall","doi":"10.1002/jpln.202300446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.202300446","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Water is one of the most important natural resources in agricultural systems, and the adoption of irrigation systems is producing the expansion of the productive agriculture frontier in Northern Patagonia's arid zone (Argentina). It is critical to evaluate how agricultural management shapes this soil process, like soil microbial communities, nutrient transformation, and ecosystem functions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>For this reason, we analyzed how converting from a semi-arid steppe to an irrigated agricultural system based on no-till and crop rotations impacted the soil microbiome (bacteria and fungi), focusing on the soil core microbiome and the connections between the soil members.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Soil microbiota was analyzed by soil DNA amplicon sequences V3-V4 region of 16S rRNA for bacteria and ITS1–5F region of the ITS rRNA for fungi. Soil enzymes, aggregation, and chemical properties were analyzed related to microbiota structure.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results suggest that irrigated agriculture enhanced the connections between members but not the number of network members per se. Additionally, we were able to identify a soil core microbiome, which played an important role in the co-occurrence networks.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We concluded by demonstrating the critical role that the core microbiome plays in preserving soil bacterial–fungal interactions and their influence on inter-kingdom relationships in complex microbial soil ecosystems in the arid zones of northern Patagonia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science","volume":"188 2","pages":"265-277"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143793682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biochar Effects on Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics During Co-Composting of Poultry Manure With Carbonized and Uncarbonized Organic Materials in Sub-Saharan Africa","authors":"Delphine Manka'abusi,&nbsp;Volker Häring,&nbsp;Christoph Steiner,&nbsp;Stefanie Heinze,&nbsp;Abdul-Halim Abubakari,&nbsp;Edward Yeboah,&nbsp;Bernd Marschner","doi":"10.1002/jpln.202300254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.202300254","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Carbonized organic matter (biochar) and compost are both beneficial soil amendments and particularly meaningful for the restoration of degraded soils. Application of biochar adds stable carbon (C) but only little nitrogen (N) to the soil. Compost is rich in C and N, but losses of these elements during composting are large, and C stability is relatively low. The addition of biochar during composting has been reported to decrease N losses, accelerate the composting process, increase cation exchange capacity (CEC), and increase water-holding capacity compared to composting without biochar. However, C and N dynamics during biochar co-composting vary enormously depending on feedstock quality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Therefore, the aims of this study were to find out if biochar addition will reduce C and N losses during composting of organic materials in a field trial in Sub-Saharan Africa or not.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Six compost treatments, among them three compost mixtures with biochars made from rice husks (cRH), corn cobs (cCC) and wood (cWO) or their un-carbonized feedstocks (RH, CC, and WO), were co-composted with poultry manure (15 vol-%) and rice straw (60 vol-%) in randomly allocated 1 m³ compost bins.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>After composting, biochar treatments had lower or similar C losses, lower contents of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), higher C decomposition rates, and higher or similar pH-values compared with their non-biochar treatments. Biochars that were stored in mesh bags during composting increased in DOC and effective CEC and decreased in surface area. Biochar retained N through accumulation and sorption of ammonium nitrogen (NH₄-N). Microbial biomass and nitrate nitrogen (NO₃-N) were similar among all treatments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, biochar positively affected C and N retention and compost quality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science","volume":"188 2","pages":"251-264"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jpln.202300254","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143793447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial Board: J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci. 1/2025","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jpln.202570012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.202570012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science","volume":"188 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jpln.202570012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143111041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impressum: J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci. 1/2025","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jpln.202570013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.202570013","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;ISSN 1436–8730 (print)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;ISSN 1522–2624 (online)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;© 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hermann Jungkunst (Soil Science),&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Karl H. Mühling (Plant Nutrition)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Wiley-VCH GmbH, Boschstraße 12,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;D-69469 Weinheim, Germany&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;E-mail: &lt;span&gt;[email protected]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tel: +49 (0)6201 6060&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Aptara, India&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Printed in Germany by pva, Druck und Medien-Dienstleistungen GmbH, Landau.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Printed on acid-free paper&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sigrid Mehren&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;(E-mail: &lt;span&gt;[email protected]&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bettina Loycke&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;(E-mail: &lt;span&gt;[email protected]&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;For submission instructions, subscription and all other information visit: www.plant-soil.com&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science is published in 6 issues per year. Institutional subscription prices for 2025 are:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Print &amp; Online: US$ 1944 (US and Rest of World), € 1484 (Europe), £ 996 (UK). Print only: US$ 1806 (US and Rest of World), € 1378 (Europe), £ 926 (UK). Online only: US$ 1731 (US and Rest of World), € 1321 (Europe), £ 887 (UK). Prices are exclusive of tax. Asia-Pacific GST, Canadian GST/HST and European VAT will be applied at the appropriate rates. For more information on current tax rates, please go to https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/library-info/products/price-lists/payment. The institutional price includes online access to the current and all online backfiles for previous 5 years, where available. For other pricing options, including access information and terms and conditions, please visit https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/library-info/products/price-lists. Terms of use can be found here: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/library-info/products/price-lists/title-by-title-terms-and-conditions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Where the subscription price includes print issues and delivery is to the recipient's address, delivery terms are Delivered at Place (DAP); the recipient is responsible for paying any import duty or taxes. Title to all issues transfers Free of Board (FOB) our shipping point, freight prepaid.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Claims for Missing or Damaged Print Issues&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Our policy is to replace missing or damaged copies within our reasonable discretion, subject to print issue availability, and subject to the terms: found at Section V, Part C at https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/library-info/products/price-lists/title-by-title-terms-and-conditions#print-subscriptions&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science (ISSN 1436–8730), is published 6 times a year. US mailing agent: SPP, Po Box 437, Emigsville, PA 17318. Periodicals postage paid at Emigsville PA USA.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Postmaster: Send all address changes to Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Wiley Periodicals LLC, C/O The Sheridan Press, PO Box 465, Hanover, PA 17331 USA.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Journal Customer Services&lt;/b&gt;: For ordering information, claims and any enquiry concerning your journal subscription please visit our Online Customer Help at https://wolsupport.wiley.com/s/contactsupport or contact your neares","PeriodicalId":16802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science","volume":"188 1","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jpln.202570013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143111042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contents: J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci. 1/2025","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jpln.202570014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.202570014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science","volume":"188 1","pages":"166"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jpln.202570014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143111043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cover Picture: J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci. 1/2025","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jpln.202570011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.202570011","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":16802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science","volume":"188 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jpln.202570011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143111040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health and Ecological Risk From Potentially Toxic Elements in Soils and Extra Virgin Olive Oils From Valdichiana Senese, Tuscany (Italy)","authors":"Martina Grattacaso,&nbsp;Giulia Canali,&nbsp;Andrea Vannini,&nbsp;Giuseppe Protano,&nbsp;Francesco Nannoni,&nbsp;Vivien De Lucia,&nbsp;Luigi Antonello Di Lella,&nbsp;Stefano Biagiotti,&nbsp;Stefano Loppi","doi":"10.1002/jpln.202400312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.202400312","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Extra virgin olive oils (EVOOs) are widely consumed but rarely analysed for potentially toxic elements (PTEs), whose concentrations in EVOOs can be significantly influenced by contamination in olive grove soils. As food consumption is the main PTE accumulation pathway in humans, thorough investigation on EVOOs is necessary.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The concentrations of 12 PTEs were determined in olive grove soils and EVOOs from Valdichiana Senese (Southern Tuscany, Italy), with the aim of identifying any contamination by PTEs in olive grove soils and evaluating the associated ecological risk as well as of assessing the potential risk for human health related to PTE intake from EVOO consumption.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The soil and EVOO samples were collected from 18 farms, and the concentration of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Sb, Tl, U, V and Zn was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP–MS). The data were used to calculate the health risk index (HRI) for EVOOs and the geoaccumulation index (<i>I</i>_geo) and potential ecological risk index (PERI) for soils.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Analytical data suggested that the PTE concentrations in the investigated olive grove soils are natural as comparable to their normal geochemical background in soils from Southern Tuscany formed from the same parent rocks of Valdichiana Senese soils or due to local geogenic enrichments in some parent rocks. Among the analysed PTEs in the EVOO samples, Zn, Cu and Ni had the highest concentrations, followed by Cr and Pb. Most PTEs showed a high variability of their concentrations in EVOOs from Valdichiana Senese.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>On the basis of values of indices applied to PTE concentrations in the soil samples, a low-to-moderate Cu contamination emerged only in the olive grove soils of two farms, probably as a consequence of the diffuse use of Cu-based products in agriculture, and overall, the ecological risk was low. Furthermore, although EVOOs from Valdichiana Senese have somewhat slightly high concentrations of some PTEs such as Cu and Zn, the health risk associated with their intake through the EVOO consumption is definitely negligible.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science","volume":"188 2","pages":"241-250"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jpln.202400312","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143793634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is Soil Fertility the Cause or the Effect of Land Invasion by Prosopis?","authors":"Mathias Becker,&nbsp;Kai Behn,&nbsp;Gereon Heller,&nbsp;Hellen W. Kamiri","doi":"10.1002/jpln.202400442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.202400442","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>For 20 years, <i>Prosopis juliflora</i> is aggressively spreading throughout the “Njemps Flats” in Kenya, where it changes vegetation cover and affects pastoral livelihoods. Its invasion dynamics is related to shallow groundwater tables (<i>Prosopis</i> being a phreatophyte), and it reportedly preferentially colonizes sites with favourable soil fertility attributes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We contest this latter hypothesis, surmising that the N₂-fixing ability, the nutrient pumping by the deep root system, and year-round leaf litter fall will improve soil fertility attributes under <i>Prosopis</i>, irrespective of the initial soil status.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We assessed stand densities (number of individuals and their percentage cover) and selected soil attributes at 75 sites in the Njemps Flats. The stand densities of <i>Prosopis</i> were visualized by ground-truthed remote-sensed data, and subsequently related to soil fertility attributes. We further determined the isotope signatures (δ¹⁵N and δ¹³C) of the prevailing (past) C4-dominated pasture and the (current) C3-<i>Prosopis</i> vegetation, as well as at three depths of the topsoil.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings confirm favourable fertility attributes (low EC and high N, C, P, and K contents) being associated with dense <i>Prosopis</i> stands. However, the isotope analysis of the topsoil indicates typical signatures of C4 vegetation in non-invaded pastureland and typical signatures of N₂-fixing C3-plants in the top 5 cm (but not at deeper layers) of soils in <i>Prosopis</i> stands. <i>Prosopis</i> contributes about 16% of N derived from fixation, and significantly increases C, N, P, and Ca contents of the topsoil.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conclude that high soil fertility is the result rather than the driver of <i>Prosopis</i> invasion.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science","volume":"188 2","pages":"232-240"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jpln.202400442","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143793879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}