Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology最新文献

{"title":"Development and evaluation of nanocomposite vaginal rings for photodynamic therapy against Candida albicans","authors":"Sara Efigênia Dantas de Mendonça y Araújo ,&nbsp;Brenda Maria Silva Bezerra ,&nbsp;Mariana Rillo Sato ,&nbsp;Rui Oliveira Macedo ,&nbsp;João Augusto Oshiro-Junior","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113149","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113149","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is based on oxidative photochemical reactions and can be used against vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), caused by <em>Candida albicans</em>. This can be achieved by incorporating phthalocyanine (PC) into a polymer-matrix nanocomposite based on nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) ureasil-polyether (UPEO), which allows them to be molded into a vaginal ring. The aim was to evaluate the aPDT of PC-NLC-UPEO rings against <em>C. albicans</em>. DLS and NTA showed values for NLC and PC-NLC within the nanocomposite's ideal range for pharmacological purposes. Microscopic analysis showed that NLC and PC-NLC have a spherical shape and PC-NLC-UPEO may promote better adhesion and drug release based on the roughness shown. NLC-UPEO and PC-NLC-UPEO were 0° of contact angle, demonstrating total wettability. The FTIR spectra showed no suppression of the characteristic groups of the materials and no new bands appeared. TG showed an improvement in the thermal stability of NLC when dispersed in UPEO. DTA revealed endothermic events near 100 °C related to solvent loss and dehydration. The PC released from PC-UPEO and PC-NLC-UPEO, around 37.8 % and 39.4 % were released within 24 h, which can promote initial antifungal activity. In the colony count method, PC and PC-NLC showed a reduction of 99 % in the analyses with light. Agar diffusion assay revealed halos of 7 and 15 mm in the groups with light, PC-UPEO, and PC-NLC-UPEO, respectively, demonstrating improved PC activity. The results highlight the potential of vaginal rings associated with aPDT to be administered to treat <em>C. albicans</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology","volume":"266 ","pages":"Article 113149"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143610014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic effects of a femtosecond laser on rheumatoid arthritis in rats: Attenuation of oxidative stress and inflammation","authors":"Jihad M. El-Sayed ,&nbsp;Sally M. Khadrawy ,&nbsp;Aya E. Mohamed ,&nbsp;Hanaa M. Mohamed ,&nbsp;Tarek Mohamed ,&nbsp;Magdy Sayed Aly","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113150","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113150","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disorder characterized by joint damage and persistent pain. Despite advances in treatment, there is currently no definitive cure for RA, and the side effects of available medications often limit their long-term use. Therefore, this study investigated the therapeutic potential of femtosecond laser irradiation (FSL) in treating arthritis induced by complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) in a rat model. Twenty-four adult male Wistar rats were divided into four groups. Groups 1 and 2 served, respectively, as the negative control and positive FSL irradiated group (at a wavelength of 830 nm, a power of 200 mW, an exposure time of 120 s, a beam area of 0.8 cm² (0.5 cm radius), a power density of 0.25 W/cm², and an energy dose of 30 J/cm²). Group 3 represented the arthritic group that received a single subcutaneous injection of 0.1 ml CFA. Group 4 was the arthritic rats irradiated with FSL (two sessions/week) for three weeks. Morphological changes including edema and swelling that increased the circumference of the right hind paw, as well as histological alterations marked by cellular infiltration, synovitis, and cartilage degeneration confirmed RA in the ankle joints. These changes correlated with elevated levels of rheumatoid factor (RF), TNF-α, and IL-6, and augmented oxidative stress associated with a declined antioxidant defense system. Exposure to FSL ameliorated the morphological and histopathological changes in the ankle joint, decreased RF, TNF-α, IL-6, and MDA, and increased GSH and GPx. In conclusion, femtosecond laser irradiation showed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and exerted regenerative effects on the histological features of the ankle in a rheumatoid arthritis rat model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology","volume":"266 ","pages":"Article 113150"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143629121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spectral and color temperature dependence of LED exposure on retinal damage and the protective effects of neohesperidin","authors":"Rong Lin ,&nbsp;Kunhong Xiao ,&nbsp;Boyuan Wen ,&nbsp;Huazhi Ma ,&nbsp;Yuting Hu ,&nbsp;Yan Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113148","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113148","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To investigate the effects of LEDs with different spectra and correlated color temperatures on the retina, as well as the protective role of neohesperidin(NHP).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and 661W cells were divided into four groups: 2700K conventional LED group (CL-2700K), 5000K conventional LED group (CL-5000K), 2700K full-spectrum LED group (FL-2700K) and 5000K full-spectrum LED group (FL-5000K). Retinal damage was detected using Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE) staining, while the expression of mitochondria-related autophagy proteins in retinas was determined through immunofluorescence. The CCK-8 assay, ROS detection, mitochondrial membrane potential assessment and Annexin V-FITC/PI staining were used to assess damage in 661W cell. RT-qPCR and Western blotting were employed to detect the expression of related genes and proteins.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After LED exposure, retinal tissue damage was observed in the rats. 661W cells exhibited upregulated levels of ROS, JC-1 monomer aggregation, and cell apoptosis. Notably, the FL-2700K exhibited the least severe damage. Intervention experiments revealed that 25 μM NHP reduced ROS levels and JC-1 aggregation,as well asmitigated apoptosis levels. Further studies indicated that NHP maintained mitochondrial autophagy at normal levels in 661W cells across all groups and reduced the mRNA expression of Crx and Arrestin-1.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>2700K full-spectrum LEDs can mitigate photochemical damage in vivo and in vitro. NHP is a promising drug for treating photochemical damage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology","volume":"266 ","pages":"Article 113148"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143592454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond DNA interactions: Insights into idarubicin's binding dynamics with tRNA using spectroscopic and computational approaches","authors":"Sonika Charak ,&nbsp;Chandra Mohan Srivastava ,&nbsp;Dhruv Kumar ,&nbsp;Lovika Mittal ,&nbsp;Shailendra Asthana ,&nbsp;Ranjana Mehrotra ,&nbsp;Manish Shandilya","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113147","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113147","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Idarubicin (4-demethoxydaunomycin), a structural analogue of daunomycin derived from <em>Streptomyces peucetius</em>, exhibits enhanced anticancer efficacy due to the substitution of a methoxy group with a hydrogen atom. This study investigates the binding interactions of idarubicin with RNA using a multifaceted approach, including infrared (IR) spectroscopy, absorption spectroscopy, circular dichroism (CD), molecular docking, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The IR results demonstrate significant binding to guanine and uracil, indicated by spectral shifts, while MD simulations reveal additional interactions with adenine, highlighting a flexible binding mechanism. <strong>The binding constant of the idarubicin-RNA complex was calculated to be K = 2.1 × 10</strong>^{<strong>3</strong>} <strong>M</strong>^{<strong>−1</strong>}<strong>, reflecting a strong affinity and stable interaction.</strong> Thermodynamic analysis shows that the negative Gibbs free energy (ΔG ∼ −4.57 kcal/mol) signifies spontaneous binding under physiological conditions. The binding free energy estimation was carried out to check the binding affinity, stability and interactions of the complex which was assessed through molecular dynamics simulations. The stability of the idarubicin-RNA complex is further supported by a hyperchromic effect observed in absorption spectroscopy, suggesting effective intercalation that enhances base exposure. The binding is driven by hydrogen bonding, π-π stacking interactions, and electrostatic forces, which collectively stabilize the complex. Notably, the conformational integrity of RNA is largely preserved, with key structural features remaining unchanged in both IR and CD analyses. Comparatively, idarubicin's interactions with RNA differ from those with DNA, where the latter shows more substantial conformational perturbations. These findings enhance our understanding of anthracycline functionality and provide valuable insights for developing novel analogues with improved efficacy and reduced side effects, informing future therapeutic strategies targeting RNA in cancer treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology","volume":"266 ","pages":"Article 113147"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143642282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salvianolic acid B protects against UVB-induced HaCaT cell senescence and skin aging through NRF2 activation and ROS scavenging","authors":"Jia-Ming Sun ,&nbsp;Yu-Xin Liu ,&nbsp;Yi-Tung Tsai ,&nbsp;Yang-Dan Liu,&nbsp;Chia-Kang Ho,&nbsp;Dong-Sheng Wen,&nbsp;Ting-Yu Tsai,&nbsp;Dan-Ning Zheng,&nbsp;Ya Gao,&nbsp;Yi-Fan Zhang,&nbsp;Li Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113139","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113139","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Prolonged sunlight exposure can cause skin photoaging. The epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin, protects the body from the environment. This study explored the protective effect of salvianolic acid B (Sal-B), a bioactive compound from <em>Salvia miltiorrhiza</em>, against photoaging and examined its specific mechanism.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div><em>In vitro</em>, HaCaT cells were treated with various doses of Sal-B before ultraviolet B (UVB) light exposure. Assessments in HaCaT cells included cellular senescence, apoptotic cell ratio, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, mitochondrial function, superoxide dismutase activity, and gene and protein expression. Immunofluorescence labeling, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) knockdown, and Western blotting analysis were used. To assess Sal-B's protective effects on skin photoaging <em>in vivo</em>, we employed a nude mouse model and an <em>ex vivo</em> human skin model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div><em>In vitro</em>, Sal-B significantly activated NRF2, scavenged ROS, protected mitochondrial function, and inhibited nuclear factor kappa B and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. Ultimately, Sal-B prevented UVB-induced photoaging and keratinocyte apoptosis. <em>In vivo</em>, we confirmed that Sal-B improved skin wrinkles and epidermal thickness in nude mice following UVB irradiation, displaying greater efficacy than tretinoin.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We identified the preventive implications of Sal-B against UVB-induced senescence in skin photoaging and revealed its potential as a regulator of the NRF2 signaling pathway.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology","volume":"266 ","pages":"Article 113139"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143580651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Boron dipyrromethene fungicide for anti-microbial photodynamic therapeutics","authors":"Aoqing Jia ,&nbsp;Min Zheng ,&nbsp;Zhigang Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113137","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113137","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to inadequate light transmission into the subsurface, one of the key challenges for conventional photodynamic therapy (PDT) is realizing successful treatment of deep-skin pathogenetic bacterial infectious wounds. Preparation of near-infrared (NIR) photosensitizers (PSs) with potent antibacterial activity is a potential solution to address this issue. In the present work, a boron dipyrromethene (BDP) derivative was synthesized, which had red light absorption and NIR fluorescence. Under 635 nm of irradiation, BDP could generate massive reactive oxygen species (ROS) for sterilization, which exhibited robust photodynamic antiseptic property against Gram-positive bacteria (<em>S. aureus</em>), with a minimum inhibitory concentration of only 240 nM (140 mW cm ⁻²). More importantly, BDP was capable of efficiently suppressing the development of bacterial biofilms and even eliminate established biofilms, thereby facilitating the enhancement of sterilizing efficacy. Furthermore, the promising antibacterial capability of BDP was validated in the treatment of <em>S. aureus</em>-infected abscess. The present work presents an antibiotic-free strategy for highly effective light-triggered abscess therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology","volume":"265 ","pages":"Article 113137"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143528788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of femtosecond, picosecond, and nanosecond laser techniques for transseptal puncture: An in vitro study with pathological correlation","authors":"Ang Liu ,&nbsp;Tong Xia ,&nbsp;Siyuan Cao ,&nbsp;He Zhao ,&nbsp;Yubin Hou ,&nbsp;Xuejing Duan ,&nbsp;Li Li ,&nbsp;Ke Wang ,&nbsp;Pu Wang ,&nbsp;Chaowu Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113138","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113138","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Advanced precision laser technologies for transseptal puncture are still under exploration. Femtosecond lasers, renowned for their high precision and minimal collateral damage, exhibit significant potential in transseptal puncture applications.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Objective&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This study investigated the feasibility, effectiveness and pathological effects of femtosecond, picosecond, and nanosecond lasers for transseptal puncture in vitro.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Three different pulsed laser systems (femtosecond, picosecond, and nanosecond) were utilized for atrial septal puncture in fresh porcine hearts. The femtosecond laser operated at 1064 nm wavelength with 179 fs pulse width and 500 kHz repetition rate; the picosecond laser at 1962 nm with 52 ps pulse width and 60 MHz repetition rate; and the nanosecond laser at 1064 nm with 70 ns pulse width and 60 kHz repetition rate. With a focused spot size of approximately 100 μm, the power density ranged from 25.50 to 51.00 kW/cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; (corresponding to energy densities of 0.05–0.10 J/cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; for femtosecond, 424.40–848.80 μJ/cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; for picosecond, and 0.42–0.85 J/cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; for nanosecond lasers). Scanning diameters varied from 0.50 to 3.00 mm at a constant speed of 1 mm/s. Measurements of puncture diameter and thermal damage were taken using a digital optical microscope, with pathological examination evaluating tissue structure and injury extent. Multiple linear regression models were used to evaluate the effects of laser types, power, and scanning diameter on puncture outcomes. &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.05 was considered statistically significant.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Using a focused spot size of 100 μm at power densities of 25.50–51.00 kW/cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; (2.0–4.0 W), the femtosecond laser (500 kHz, 0.05–0.10 J/cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;) and picosecond laser (60 MHz, 424.40–848.80 μJ/cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;) achieved complete penetration across 0.50–3.00 mm scanning diameters, with puncture diameters of 0.51–3.02 mm and 0.51–3.01 mm respectively. The nanosecond laser (60 kHz, 0.42–0.85 J/cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;) penetrated only at 0.50 mm scanning diameter and partially at 1.00 mm (3 W–4 W), with significantly smaller diameters (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.001). Multiple regression showed scanning diameter primarily determined puncture size (β = 0.992, P &lt; 0.001), while both power (β = 1.798, &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; = 0.002) and scanning diameter (β = 2.604, P &lt; 0.001) affected thermal damage, with nanosecond (β = 6.515, &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; = 0.017) and picosecond lasers (β = 5.595, &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; = 0.039) showing greater thermal effects than femtosecond laser. Histologically, thermal damage progressed from minimal carbonization at 2 W to moderate-severe eosinophilic degeneration at 4 W…&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Transseptal puncture using laser systems demonstrated feasibility, particularly with femtosecond laser showing favorable outcomes in precision and therma","PeriodicalId":16772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology","volume":"266 ","pages":"Article 113138"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143563242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction of a NIR fluorescent probe for tracking mitochondrial HOCl during liver injury","authors":"Cailing Fan ,&nbsp;Kaifu Ma ,&nbsp;Ran Chen ,&nbsp;Tianyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Yonghao Song ,&nbsp;Lei Liu ,&nbsp;Weijie Chi ,&nbsp;Qinxi Dong ,&nbsp;Wei Shu ,&nbsp;Chaoyuan Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113136","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The inappropriate or excessive drug and alcohol consumption is a major cause of liver injuries. The development of a tool capable of visualizing the liver injury process with high precision, and in real time is particularly urgent. In this study, we designed and synthesized a novel HOCl-responsive fluorescent probe, <strong>PTZ-NS</strong>, for tracking mitochondrial HOCl during liver injury. <strong>PTZ-NS</strong> exhibits excellent sensitivity and selectivity for HOCl, with a detection limit of 158 nM. It can specifically target mitochondria, and successfully distinguishing between HepG2 and L-02 cells. The probe was also effective in tracking changes of endogenous HOCl levels in cells and zebrafish, and it was used to capture the increase in HOCl content during ferroptosis. Crucially, <strong>PTZ-NS</strong> was successfully employed to monitor HOCl during alcohol-induced liver disease (AID) and drug-induced liver injury (DILI) in mice liver tissue. Overall, <strong>PTZ-NS</strong> not only facilitate the real-time and precise observation of liver injury but also open up promising avenues for future disease prevention and research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology","volume":"265 ","pages":"Article 113136"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143508303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel ꞵ-carboline/cyanoisoflavone photosensitizers for ferroptosis-induced efficient chemo-photodynamic synergistic cancer therapy","authors":"Tiantian Sun ,&nbsp;Sijia Wang ,&nbsp;Xiao Liu ,&nbsp;Dongliang Ji ,&nbsp;Xudong Xie ,&nbsp;Ruiqi Yang ,&nbsp;Lei Wang ,&nbsp;Yong Ling ,&nbsp;Chang-Chun Ling","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113135","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113135","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an emerging therapeutic modality to selectively eradicate pathological cells, such as cancer cells. Hence, we designed and synthesized a series of novel ꞵ-carboline/cyanoisoflavone photosensitizers <strong>A1</strong>-<strong>A3</strong>. All compounds possessed potent type-I/-II photodynamic properties. Especially, the optimized compound <strong>A2</strong> produced large amounts of •O₂⁻, •OH, and ¹O₂ under irradiation, and exhibited a higher quantum yield of singlet oxygen (Φ_Δ = 0.92) than others. Furthermore, <strong>A2</strong> not only exhibited potent cytotoxicity in HT29 cells, but also demonstrated prominent chemo-photodynamic effects with IC₅₀ values of 3.9–4.1 μM under normoxic and hypoxic conditions in HT29 cells, while exhibited minimal toxicity to normal cells, suggesting its tumor-selective and hypoxia-tolerant efficacy. Most importantly, <strong>A2</strong> significantly promoted mitochondrial damage and ferroptosis, through depleting GSH/GPX-4 levels and increasing malondialdehyde (MDA) expression. Finally, in vivo studies showed that <strong>A2</strong> achieved a high colonic tumor-inhibitory rate of 84.6 % through chemo-photodynamic therapy. These findings provide a promising framework for the development of novel photosensitizers for chemo-photodynamic therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology","volume":"265 ","pages":"Article 113135"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143511029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photophysics of 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin on a femtosecond time-scale","authors":"Varvara G. Kubenko,&nbsp;Vladimir A. Pomogaev,&nbsp;Andrey A. Buglak,&nbsp;Alexei I. Kononov","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113134","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113134","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pterins are naturally occurring compounds widespread in living organisms. 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydrobiopterin (H₄Bip) is a cofactor of several key enzymes, including NO-synthases and phenylalanine hydroxylase, whereas tetrahydrocyanopterin is a photoreceptor molecule in cyanobacteria. In this regard, tetrahydropterins (H₄pterins) photochemistry and photophysics have been attracting our attention. H₄pterins photodegrade in presence of molecular oxygen yielding dihydropterins (H₂pterins) and oxidized pterins. Meanwhile, the excited states dynamics of H₄pterins on a femto- and picosecond time-scale remains unclear. To shed light on this area, we perform time-resolved spectroscopy of H₄Bip using fluorescence up-conversion as well as transient absorption spectroscopy techniques along with TD-DFT non-adiabatic molecular dynamics. We show that the lowest H₄Bip exited state has a lifetime of ca. 200 fs. Using the BHandHLYP functional and multireference spin-flip (MRSF) method we demonstrate that starting from the S₄ state, H₄Bip passes to the S₁ state within 50 fs, and after 200 fs a conical intersection with the ground S₀ state is achieved. As a whole, the excited state behavior of H₄Bip is similar to DNA nucleobases, in particular guanine. These findings allow us to make some speculations about the biochemical role of H₄pterins photophysics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology","volume":"265 ","pages":"Article 113134"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143479198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}