Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology最新文献

{"title":"LED photobiomodulation reduces myonecrosis and hemorrhage caused by PI metalloproteinase isolated from Bothrops jararacussu venom","authors":"Alex Augusto Ferreira e Ferreira ,&nbsp;Hallison Mota Santana ,&nbsp;Valdison Pereira dos Reis ,&nbsp;João Gabriel dos Santos Magalhães ,&nbsp;Milena Daniela Souza Silva ,&nbsp;Carolina Pereira da Silva ,&nbsp;Mauro Valentino Paloschi ,&nbsp;André Alves Silva ,&nbsp;Marlei Novaes de Sousa ,&nbsp;Andreimar Martins Soares ,&nbsp;Stella Regina Zamuner ,&nbsp;Juliana Pavan Zuliani","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Bothrops jararacussu</em> is one of the species most frequently involved in snakebite incidents. The metalloproteinase, which constitutes 26.2 % of the venom composition of this species, is a key factor responsible for severe tissue damage, including hemorrhage and myonecrosis. While antivenom treatment effectively addresses systemic effects, its efficacy in mitigating local damage remains limited. In this context, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of photobiomodulation using a 945 nm LED following experimental envenomation with a P<img>I class metalloproteinase, BjussuMP-II, isolated from <em>B. jararacussu</em> venom. Experimental envenoming was induced in male Swiss mice (18–22 g) after an injection of BjussuMP-II (50 μg) or PBS (50 μL) into the gastrocnemius muscles or dorsal skin. After 30 min, treatments with antivenom, LED, or a combination of both were administered. Three hours later, blood and muscle samples were collected for myotoxicity and histological analyses, and the dorsal skin was excised for hemorrhagic halo analysis. Results demonstrate that antivenom treatment alone is insufficient to mitigate the effects caused by BjussuMP-II, highlighting its ineffectiveness against the local damage induced by snakebite envenomation. In contrast, LED photobiomodulation, both as a standalone treatment and in combination with antivenom, effectively reduced myotoxicity, tissue damage, and hemorrhage induced by BjussuMP-II, both in the muscle and dorsal skin. In conclusion, LED treatment significantly reduces myotoxicity, tissue damage, and hemorrhage when applied independently. The combined application of antivenom and LED was also equally effective in mitigating these effects, demonstrating an advantage in the association of these two resources, as antivenom is essential for the reversal of systemic damage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 113163"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143816448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suppression of NRF2 by photodynamic action to enhance bortezomib-triggered DNA damage for synergistic colorectal cancer therapy","authors":"Liu-Gen Li ,&nbsp;Hao Chen ,&nbsp;Ting-Ting Yu ,&nbsp;Rui-Lin Liu ,&nbsp;Cunqing Kong ,&nbsp;Fan Leng ,&nbsp;Rong-Cheng Xiao ,&nbsp;Yao-Hua Lu ,&nbsp;Ning Han ,&nbsp;Jun Hu ,&nbsp;Yuan-Jian Hui ,&nbsp;Tong-Fei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113162","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113162","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anti-tumor agent bortezomib (BTZ) showed poor efficacy in colorectal cancer (CRC), which is attributed to the high expression of KEAP1-NRF2, an essential anti-oxidative system. Oxidative DNA damage is one of the critical mechanisms by which photodynamic therapy (PDT) induces apoptosis in tumor cells, which can be considered an important tool for early non-invasive treatment of CRC. The present work aims to explore the role and mechanism of PDT synergizing with BTZ in the treatment of CRC. The findings showed slight decrease in cell viability in BTZ-treated CRC cells of SW480 and SW620. KEAP1-NRF2 was highly expressed in CRC as revealed by GEPIA, TIMER databases, and in vitro experiments, conferring antioxidant activity. Further investigation revealed BTZ bound KEAP1, resulting in KEAP1-NRF2 decoupling, which was manifested as downregulation of KEAP1 and upregulation of NRF2. CO-IP test provides in-depth confirmation that BTZ impaired NRF2 ubiquitination. When SW480 and SW620 cells were co-treated with the chlorin e6 (Ce6)-PDT and BTZ, the expression of NRF2 was reduced with increased ROS generation and enhanced DNA damage. The combination of PDT and BTZ exhibited robust anti-CRC efficacy, characterized by increased apoptosis in SW480 and SW620 cells and dramatic inhibition of tumor growth in SW480 cell-bearing mice. To summarize, Ce6-mediated PDT combined with BTZ suppresses NRF2 and thus enhances DNA damage against CRC. The present study uncovered the molecular mechanism of redox in CRC and recommends an effective intervention strategy with PDT.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 113162"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143791338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"aPDT activity of new water soluble phenalenone derivatives with shifted UV–Vis absorption","authors":"C. Silva ,&nbsp;Y. Vásquez-Martínez ,&nbsp;C. Leal-Carmona ,&nbsp;Y.H. Cho ,&nbsp;M. Carrasco-Bozo ,&nbsp;C. Sandoval-Altamirano ,&nbsp;J. Morales ,&nbsp;G. Gunther","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113152","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113152","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antibacterial therapy is one of the most important medical developments of the 20th century, but several decades of antibiotic misuse and abuse have created a health emergency. Antibiotics resistance and ineffectiveness have spread through the community, threatening the enormous gains made by the availability of therapies.</div><div>The emergence of drug-resistant infections has encouraged research community to develop new mechanisms against bacterial infections, mainly focused on multi-target strategies like “Antibacterial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT)”, where singlet oxygen (an excited state of oxygen) is able to oxidize a wide range of biomolecules including proteins, lipids and nucleic acids, leading to bacterial death. Singlet oxygen oxidative damage in aqueous media is restricted by its short diffusion range, around 150 nm. It is crucial to increase photosensitizer solubility in aqueous media keeping the capability of partition in apolar media (like membranes).</div><div>We have previously demonstrated that an alkoxy substitution in position 6 of phenalenone scaffold (6-alkoxy-PNF) promotes a bathochromic shift of UV–Vis absorption when compared to clean phenalenone, (with maximum absorption wavelength centered at around 430–450 nm depending on the solvent). Their quantum yields of singlet oxygen generation remained high, in most media.</div><div>To take advantage of the photo-physical properties of 6-alkoxy-PNF framework, increase solubility in water and promote attractive electrostatic interaction on the bacterial surface, a trimethylammonium group was introduced in the molecule. Moreover, depending on the length of methylene chain included, hydrophilic lipophilic balance of molecules can be tuned. This substitution through a methylene linker would maintain distance from the 6-alkoxy-PNF, keeps almost unchanged their visible absorption bands (displaced to the red) and their singlet oxygen generation capacity.</div><div>Their ability to generate singlet oxygen and hence inactivate bacteria was tested. Our results show that the behavior of this family of compounds is dependent on the length of the alkyl chain, particularly in micro-heterogeneous systems. Synergic effect can be attributed to 12C surfactant associated with antimicrobial surfactant ability and singlet oxygen generation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 113152"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143769196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the phototherapy modalities and dosages for an ingestible light-emitting diode capsule to eliminate Helicobacter pylori infection","authors":"Jiashen Hu ,&nbsp;Xiafei Shi ,&nbsp;Shisheng Cao ,&nbsp;Xiaoxi Dong ,&nbsp;Jianwu Dai ,&nbsp;Huijuan Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113155","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113155","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Helicobacter pylori</em> (<em>H. pylori</em>) infection presents increasing challenges to antibiotic therapies owing to limited drug bioavailability, multi-drug resistance and collateral damage to commensal intestinal microflora. To address these problems, here, an ingestible magnetically controlled light-emitting diode (LED) light source was designed for an ingestible capsule to perform antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) without an exogenous photosensitizer (ex-PS) at 630 nm. Specifically, we first optimized the antibacterial rates of aPDT with ex-PS and aPDT without ex-PS against <em>H. pylori</em> at the bacterial suspension level by varying the wavelength (405, 530, 630 nm), photosensitizer concentration (2, 4, 6, 8, 10 μg/mL), power density (15, 30 mW/cm²), and energy density (0, 3.6, 7.2, 10.8, 14.4, 18.0 J/cm²). Then, we compared the antibacterial effect of aPDT with ex-PS and aPDT without ex-PS against <em>H. pylori</em> at the biofilm level, revealing that the antibacterial rate of aPDT without ex-PS reached approximately 97 % at 405 nm and 18 J/cm², similar to that of aPDT with ex-PS under the same conditions. Furthermore, 80 SD rats infected with <em>H. pylori</em> were treated with aPDT with ex-PS and aPDT without ex-PS at the above wavelengths. Histopathological analysis of rat gastrointestinal tissues revealed that aPDT with ex-PS and aPDT without ex-PS exhibited significant antibacterial activity against <em>H. pylori</em>, without side effects on normal tissues. Additionally, aPDT without ex-PS at 630 nm induced an anti-inflammatory response and regulated the intestinal flora. Ultimately, we developed a magnetically controlled LED capsule for in vivo aPDT without ex-PS at 630 nm against <em>H. pylori</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 113155"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143769197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photobiomodulation therapy induces NG2 activation through dermal adipocyte lipolysis during wound healing","authors":"Ivana Márcia Alves Diniz ,&nbsp;Rafaela Férrer de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Isabella Bittencourt do Valle ,&nbsp;Caroline Carvalho Picoli ,&nbsp;Humberto Jácome-Santos ,&nbsp;Luiza de Almeida Queiroz Ferreira ,&nbsp;Gleide Fernandes Avelar ,&nbsp;Marina Gonçalves Diniz ,&nbsp;Alexander Bibrair","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113151","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113151","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) is a rapidly advancing approach for restoring damaged tissues, particularly in skin and mucosal wounds. While its application is promising, the role of mature adipocytes in regenerating mesenchymal tissues after PBMT remains largely unexplored. This study demonstrates that PBMT applied to skin wounds significantly reduces the number and size of mature adipocytes. Additionally, PBMT modulates the upregulation of <em>peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ</em> (<em>PPARγ</em>), increasing the gene expression of <em>fatty acid binding protein 4</em> (<em>Fabp4</em>) and <em>perilipin 1</em>, which are linked to enhanced lipolysis. The molecular activation of <em>neural/glial antigen 2</em> (<em>NG2</em>) indicates the recruitment of progenitor cells following mature adipocytes lipolysis. <em>In vitro</em>, PBMT improved dermal skin cell proliferation, migration, inflammatory regulation, and differentiation capacities. These findings reveal a novel mechanistic pathway for skin regeneration, emphasizing the therapeutic potential of PBMT in modulating dermal fat tissue to facilitate wound healing. Collectively, this emerging knowledge provides valuable insights into managing dermal fat tissue to support wound healing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology","volume":"267 ","pages":"Article 113151"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143777423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and evaluation of nanocomposite vaginal rings for photodynamic therapy against Candida albicans","authors":"Sara Efigênia Dantas de Mendonça y Araújo ,&nbsp;Brenda Maria Silva Bezerra ,&nbsp;Mariana Rillo Sato ,&nbsp;Rui Oliveira Macedo ,&nbsp;João Augusto Oshiro-Junior","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113149","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113149","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is based on oxidative photochemical reactions and can be used against vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), caused by <em>Candida albicans</em>. This can be achieved by incorporating phthalocyanine (PC) into a polymer-matrix nanocomposite based on nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) ureasil-polyether (UPEO), which allows them to be molded into a vaginal ring. The aim was to evaluate the aPDT of PC-NLC-UPEO rings against <em>C. albicans</em>. DLS and NTA showed values for NLC and PC-NLC within the nanocomposite's ideal range for pharmacological purposes. Microscopic analysis showed that NLC and PC-NLC have a spherical shape and PC-NLC-UPEO may promote better adhesion and drug release based on the roughness shown. NLC-UPEO and PC-NLC-UPEO were 0° of contact angle, demonstrating total wettability. The FTIR spectra showed no suppression of the characteristic groups of the materials and no new bands appeared. TG showed an improvement in the thermal stability of NLC when dispersed in UPEO. DTA revealed endothermic events near 100 °C related to solvent loss and dehydration. The PC released from PC-UPEO and PC-NLC-UPEO, around 37.8 % and 39.4 % were released within 24 h, which can promote initial antifungal activity. In the colony count method, PC and PC-NLC showed a reduction of 99 % in the analyses with light. Agar diffusion assay revealed halos of 7 and 15 mm in the groups with light, PC-UPEO, and PC-NLC-UPEO, respectively, demonstrating improved PC activity. The results highlight the potential of vaginal rings associated with aPDT to be administered to treat <em>C. albicans</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology","volume":"266 ","pages":"Article 113149"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143610014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic effects of a femtosecond laser on rheumatoid arthritis in rats: Attenuation of oxidative stress and inflammation","authors":"Jihad M. El-Sayed ,&nbsp;Sally M. Khadrawy ,&nbsp;Aya E. Mohamed ,&nbsp;Hanaa M. Mohamed ,&nbsp;Tarek Mohamed ,&nbsp;Magdy Sayed Aly","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113150","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113150","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disorder characterized by joint damage and persistent pain. Despite advances in treatment, there is currently no definitive cure for RA, and the side effects of available medications often limit their long-term use. Therefore, this study investigated the therapeutic potential of femtosecond laser irradiation (FSL) in treating arthritis induced by complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) in a rat model. Twenty-four adult male Wistar rats were divided into four groups. Groups 1 and 2 served, respectively, as the negative control and positive FSL irradiated group (at a wavelength of 830 nm, a power of 200 mW, an exposure time of 120 s, a beam area of 0.8 cm² (0.5 cm radius), a power density of 0.25 W/cm², and an energy dose of 30 J/cm²). Group 3 represented the arthritic group that received a single subcutaneous injection of 0.1 ml CFA. Group 4 was the arthritic rats irradiated with FSL (two sessions/week) for three weeks. Morphological changes including edema and swelling that increased the circumference of the right hind paw, as well as histological alterations marked by cellular infiltration, synovitis, and cartilage degeneration confirmed RA in the ankle joints. These changes correlated with elevated levels of rheumatoid factor (RF), TNF-α, and IL-6, and augmented oxidative stress associated with a declined antioxidant defense system. Exposure to FSL ameliorated the morphological and histopathological changes in the ankle joint, decreased RF, TNF-α, IL-6, and MDA, and increased GSH and GPx. In conclusion, femtosecond laser irradiation showed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and exerted regenerative effects on the histological features of the ankle in a rheumatoid arthritis rat model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology","volume":"266 ","pages":"Article 113150"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143629121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spectral and color temperature dependence of LED exposure on retinal damage and the protective effects of neohesperidin","authors":"Rong Lin ,&nbsp;Kunhong Xiao ,&nbsp;Boyuan Wen ,&nbsp;Huazhi Ma ,&nbsp;Yuting Hu ,&nbsp;Yan Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113148","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113148","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To investigate the effects of LEDs with different spectra and correlated color temperatures on the retina, as well as the protective role of neohesperidin(NHP).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and 661W cells were divided into four groups: 2700K conventional LED group (CL-2700K), 5000K conventional LED group (CL-5000K), 2700K full-spectrum LED group (FL-2700K) and 5000K full-spectrum LED group (FL-5000K). Retinal damage was detected using Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE) staining, while the expression of mitochondria-related autophagy proteins in retinas was determined through immunofluorescence. The CCK-8 assay, ROS detection, mitochondrial membrane potential assessment and Annexin V-FITC/PI staining were used to assess damage in 661W cell. RT-qPCR and Western blotting were employed to detect the expression of related genes and proteins.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After LED exposure, retinal tissue damage was observed in the rats. 661W cells exhibited upregulated levels of ROS, JC-1 monomer aggregation, and cell apoptosis. Notably, the FL-2700K exhibited the least severe damage. Intervention experiments revealed that 25 μM NHP reduced ROS levels and JC-1 aggregation,as well asmitigated apoptosis levels. Further studies indicated that NHP maintained mitochondrial autophagy at normal levels in 661W cells across all groups and reduced the mRNA expression of Crx and Arrestin-1.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>2700K full-spectrum LEDs can mitigate photochemical damage in vivo and in vitro. NHP is a promising drug for treating photochemical damage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology","volume":"266 ","pages":"Article 113148"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143592454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond DNA interactions: Insights into idarubicin's binding dynamics with tRNA using spectroscopic and computational approaches","authors":"Sonika Charak ,&nbsp;Chandra Mohan Srivastava ,&nbsp;Dhruv Kumar ,&nbsp;Lovika Mittal ,&nbsp;Shailendra Asthana ,&nbsp;Ranjana Mehrotra ,&nbsp;Manish Shandilya","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113147","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113147","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Idarubicin (4-demethoxydaunomycin), a structural analogue of daunomycin derived from <em>Streptomyces peucetius</em>, exhibits enhanced anticancer efficacy due to the substitution of a methoxy group with a hydrogen atom. This study investigates the binding interactions of idarubicin with RNA using a multifaceted approach, including infrared (IR) spectroscopy, absorption spectroscopy, circular dichroism (CD), molecular docking, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The IR results demonstrate significant binding to guanine and uracil, indicated by spectral shifts, while MD simulations reveal additional interactions with adenine, highlighting a flexible binding mechanism. <strong>The binding constant of the idarubicin-RNA complex was calculated to be K = 2.1 × 10</strong>^{<strong>3</strong>} <strong>M</strong>^{<strong>−1</strong>}<strong>, reflecting a strong affinity and stable interaction.</strong> Thermodynamic analysis shows that the negative Gibbs free energy (ΔG ∼ −4.57 kcal/mol) signifies spontaneous binding under physiological conditions. The binding free energy estimation was carried out to check the binding affinity, stability and interactions of the complex which was assessed through molecular dynamics simulations. The stability of the idarubicin-RNA complex is further supported by a hyperchromic effect observed in absorption spectroscopy, suggesting effective intercalation that enhances base exposure. The binding is driven by hydrogen bonding, π-π stacking interactions, and electrostatic forces, which collectively stabilize the complex. Notably, the conformational integrity of RNA is largely preserved, with key structural features remaining unchanged in both IR and CD analyses. Comparatively, idarubicin's interactions with RNA differ from those with DNA, where the latter shows more substantial conformational perturbations. These findings enhance our understanding of anthracycline functionality and provide valuable insights for developing novel analogues with improved efficacy and reduced side effects, informing future therapeutic strategies targeting RNA in cancer treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology","volume":"266 ","pages":"Article 113147"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143642282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salvianolic acid B protects against UVB-induced HaCaT cell senescence and skin aging through NRF2 activation and ROS scavenging","authors":"Jia-Ming Sun ,&nbsp;Yu-Xin Liu ,&nbsp;Yi-Tung Tsai ,&nbsp;Yang-Dan Liu,&nbsp;Chia-Kang Ho,&nbsp;Dong-Sheng Wen,&nbsp;Ting-Yu Tsai,&nbsp;Dan-Ning Zheng,&nbsp;Ya Gao,&nbsp;Yi-Fan Zhang,&nbsp;Li Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113139","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113139","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Prolonged sunlight exposure can cause skin photoaging. The epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin, protects the body from the environment. This study explored the protective effect of salvianolic acid B (Sal-B), a bioactive compound from <em>Salvia miltiorrhiza</em>, against photoaging and examined its specific mechanism.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div><em>In vitro</em>, HaCaT cells were treated with various doses of Sal-B before ultraviolet B (UVB) light exposure. Assessments in HaCaT cells included cellular senescence, apoptotic cell ratio, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, mitochondrial function, superoxide dismutase activity, and gene and protein expression. Immunofluorescence labeling, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) knockdown, and Western blotting analysis were used. To assess Sal-B's protective effects on skin photoaging <em>in vivo</em>, we employed a nude mouse model and an <em>ex vivo</em> human skin model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div><em>In vitro</em>, Sal-B significantly activated NRF2, scavenged ROS, protected mitochondrial function, and inhibited nuclear factor kappa B and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. Ultimately, Sal-B prevented UVB-induced photoaging and keratinocyte apoptosis. <em>In vivo</em>, we confirmed that Sal-B improved skin wrinkles and epidermal thickness in nude mice following UVB irradiation, displaying greater efficacy than tretinoin.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We identified the preventive implications of Sal-B against UVB-induced senescence in skin photoaging and revealed its potential as a regulator of the NRF2 signaling pathway.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16772,"journal":{"name":"Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology","volume":"266 ","pages":"Article 113139"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143580651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}