Journal of Pharmaceutics and Therapeutics最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of sedative and hypnotic activities of ethanolic extract of leaves of Cleome rutidosperma DC. (Capparidaceae) in mice","authors":"Md. Shahed-Al-Mahmud","doi":"10.18314/jpt.v4i1.1356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18314/jpt.v4i1.1356","url":null,"abstract":"Cleome rutidosperma DC. (Capparidaceae) traditionally used medicine for insomnia and depression management. The aim of the recent study conducted to investigate the sedative and hypnotic activities of ethanolic extract from the leaves of C. rutidosperma (EECR) in Swiss Albino mice. Neuropharmacological test on mice employed to this study sedative (open field, hole cross, hole- board and rota-rod tests) and hypnotic (thiopental sodium-induce sleeping test) activities of EECR in mice model. The acute toxicity study and phytochemical analysis of EECR also carried out. EECR exhibits significant (p<0.001) sedative effect by decreasing the number of (square and hole) crossed by mice in open field and hole cross tests as a dose-dependent (100-400mg/kg) manner. Hole-board test significantly (p<0.001) decreased the number of head dips and showed the similar effect as diazepam (1mg/kg) in a dose-dependent manner. Rota-rod test also explicit significant (p<0.001) decreased the performance time as well as increased number of falls in a dose-dependent manner. Thiopental sodium-induce sleeping test expressed that EECR significantly (p<0.001) produce shortening latency period and prolonging the sleeping time in a dose-dependent (100- 400mg/kg) manner. The experimental result indicates, C. rutidosperma containing phytochemicals that possess sedative and hypnotic activity which traditionally used as insomnia and depression management. \u0000  \u0000Keywords: Cleome rutidosperma; Capparidaceae; Sedative; Hypnotic; Phytochemicals \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":16742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutics and Therapeutics","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89176435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The clinical outcomes of leptomeningeal metastasis and intrathecal MTX in patients with gastric cancer: A retrospective analysis","authors":"Eun Mi Lee","doi":"10.18314/jpt.v4i1.1364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18314/jpt.v4i1.1364","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The aim of this study was to report the clinical features of patients with LM originating from gastric cancer and the outcomes of intrathecal (IT) chemotherapy with methotrexate (MTX) in these patients. \u0000Method: This study analyzed retrospectively the medical records of 10 patients with gastric cancer, who were diagnosed with LM and received IT chemotherapy with MTX at Kosin University Gospel Hospital between January 2007 and December 2017. \u0000Results: Of 10 patients, half was male and the median age at LM diagnosis was 49 years (rang, 33–72). All patients but one had a poor performance status. Seven patients had poorly differentiated or signet ring cell adenocarcinomas, and six had Borrmann type III or IV gastric cancer. The median time from diagnosis of gastric cancer to the development of LM was 22.6 months (range, 4.93–103.7). LM was detected by brain magnetic resonance imaging in 6 patients, and was established in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis in all 10 patients. IT MTX for LM was administrated in all 10 patients, and the median 6 cycles of IT MTX was performed (range, 1–35). Three patients achieved negative conversion of malignant cytology in CSF. Systemic chemotherapy was performed in 5 patients. The median survival time from LM diagnosis was 2.1 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.5–2.7). Two patients survived about 12 months after LM diagnosis. \u0000Conclusion: Although the prognosis of LM in gastric cancer patients was poor, the administration of IT MTX might have clinical benefit in some selected patients.","PeriodicalId":16742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutics and Therapeutics","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79237713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Post-Ischemic Increase in GluA2 Ser880 Phosphorylation Involves NADPH Oxidase","authors":"D. Jackson, F. Astruc-Diaz, Nicole M. Byrnes, Phillip H. Beske","doi":"10.18314/JPT.V4I1.1300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18314/JPT.V4I1.1300","url":null,"abstract":"Most 2-amino-3-(3-hydroxy-5-methyl-isoxazol-4-yl) propanoic acid receptors (AMPARs) expressed on adult hippocampal pyramidal neurons contain the edited form of GluA2 (Q607R) and are thus impermeable to Ca2+/Zn2+ entry.  Following ischemic injury, these receptors undergo a subunit composition change, switching from a GluA2-containing Ca2+/Zn2+-impermeable AMPAR to a GluA2-lacking Ca2+/Zn2+-permeable AMPAR. Recent studies indicate that an oxidative stress signaling pathway is responsible for the I/R-induced changes in AMPAR subunit composition.  Studies suggest that nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase (NADPH oxidase), a superoxide generator, is the source that initiates the oxidative stress-signaling cascade during post-ischemic reperfusion. The objective of the present study was to determine if suppression of NADPH oxidase activity prevents the increase in phosphorylation and subsequent internalization of the GluA2 AMPAR subunit during reperfusion of post-ischemic hippocampal slices. In this study, we demonstrated that exposure of adult rat hippocampal slices to oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) results in an increase in Ser880 phosphorylation of the GluA2 subunit.  The increase in Ser880 phosphorylation resulted in the dissociation of GluA2 from the scaffolding proteins Glutamate receptor-interacting protein 1 (GRIP1) and AMPAR binding protein (ABP), thus enabling the association of GluA2 with protein interacting with C kinase 1 (PICK1). OGD/R also resulted in an increase in the association of activated protein kinase C ? (PKC?) with PICK1. We have found that pharmacological inhibition of NADPH oxidase with apocynin diminishes the OGD/R-induced increase in activated PKC? association with PICK1 and subsequent Ser880 phosphorylation of GluA2. Suppression of NADPH oxidase activity also blunted OGD/R-induced decreased association of GluA2 with the scaffolding proteins GRIP1 and ABP.  Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), which regulates PKC? activity by dephosphorylating the kinase, was inactivated by OGD/R-induced increase in tyrosine phosphorylation of the phosphatase (Y307). Inhibition of NADPH oxidase activity ameliorated OGD/R-induced PP2A phosphorylation and inactivation. Our findings are consistent with a model of OGD/R-induced Ser880 phosphorylation of GluA2 that implicates NADPH oxidase mediated inactivation of PP2A and sustained PKC? phosphorylation of GluA2.","PeriodicalId":16742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutics and Therapeutics","volume":"81 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89571931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phototoxic Antibiotics and Aspects of their Liposomal Encapsulation: A Mini-Review","authors":"M. Budai, L. Budai, C. Wijesooriya, R. Roy, I. Petrikovics","doi":"10.18314/jpt.v4i1.1323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18314/jpt.v4i1.1323","url":null,"abstract":"The liposomal encapsulation of antibiotics offers advantages from the aspect of bioavailabilty and therapeutical efficacy. As among antibiotics many possess phototoxic properties, and during preparation (e.g. sterilization), storage or in case of topical application ultraviolet light exposure can be present, photodegradation of liposomal antibiotics should be taken into consideration. Thus, the examination of lipid-phototoxic drug interactions in the presence of ultraviolet light is of great importance. In some cases liposomal encapsulation can alter the ways and rates of photodegradation, leading to the formation of more or less (photo)toxic compounds. Through the examples of selected phototoxic antibiotics (nalidixic acid and lomefloxacin) we highlight the role of liposomal composition in altering the photodegradation process of drug molecules,- leading to possible changes either in the ways or in the rates of their photodegradation.","PeriodicalId":16742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutics and Therapeutics","volume":"138 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73145893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of a Certified Asthma Educator Pharmacist on Medication Adherence in Patients with Persistent Asthma in an Inner-City Hospital","authors":"C. I. Bloom, C. Huggins, G. Díaz-Fuentes, N. Sabharwal","doi":"10.18314/jpt.v4i1.1260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18314/jpt.v4i1.1260","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The medication management for people with asthma (MMA) Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS) measure assesses adherence to controller therapy >75% of the calendar year. A new “Action List” feature recently incorporated into Allscripts, the hospital electronic health record (EHR), is used by a certified asthma educator (AE-C) pharmacist to track both the progress of and to improve patients’ MMA measures.Objective: To evaluate the impact of an AE-C pharmacist using an EHR Action List on improving the number of patients with a MMA >75% compared to a pre-intervention group. Methods: This was a retrospective, pre-post cohort study assessing the impact of an AE-C pharmacist on 2017 versus 2016 calendar year MMA measures. During the intervention period, the AE-C pharmacist conducted patient follow-up calls, as per the Action List, for refill reminders and identification/resolution of nonadherence. Providers were contacted for prescription renewals and insurance formulary changes. This data was compared with historical data from 2016.Results: One-hundred and fifty-five patients were identified, 100 in the 2017 pharmacyintervention group and 55 in the pre-intervention (pre Action List) group. There was no significant increase in the MMA >75% measure in the Action List group when compared with the pre-intervention group (46% vs. 34.6%, p=0.1667). More patients who met the MMA measure were seen by a pulmonologist versus a primary care provider in both groups.Conclusions: The AE-C pharmacist intervention was associated with a non-significant 11.4% increase in patients with a MMA >75%. This small preliminary study suggests promising results for the use of pharmacists to improve HEDIS measures, especially in PCP clinics.","PeriodicalId":16742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutics and Therapeutics","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84678663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polypharmacy in very elderly hospitalised patients: a single centre study","authors":"Iouri Banakh","doi":"10.18314/jpt.v4i1.1139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18314/jpt.v4i1.1139","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: \u0000To quantify the extent of polypharmacy and potentially inappropriate medications (PIMS) in very elderly hospitalised patients. \u0000Method: \u0000A retrospective audit of prescribed medications among hospitalised medical patients (?80 years). The number of regular medications was categorised as: non-polypharmacy (0-4 drugs), polypharmacy (5-9 drugs) and hyper-polypharmacy (? 10 drugs). \u0000Results: \u0000318 patient records were reviewed with a mean age of 86.3 years, Polypharmacy was identified in 50.6% of patients and hyper-polypharmacy in 31.2%, while only 18.2% of patients had non-polypharmacy. 62.3% of patients received at least one psychotropic agent, most commonly anti-depressants (26.1%) followed by sedatives (19.5%). Antidepressant use correlated significantly with a history of falls, P=0.005. Other commonly prescribed medications were proton-pump inhibitors (53.5%), diuretics (48.1%), statins (45.6%), beta-blockers (34.3%) and anti-coagulation agents (21.7%). \u0000Conclusion: \u0000Our study showed that over 80% of hospitalised very elderly patients were exposed to polypharmacy, and many patients were prescribed PIMS.","PeriodicalId":16742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutics and Therapeutics","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87357764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxic Optic Neuropathy secondary to Systemic Chloramphenicol for Septic Arthritis: Case Report","authors":"A. Okonkwo","doi":"10.18314/jpt.v4i1.1153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18314/jpt.v4i1.1153","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction – Chloramphenicol is a broad-spectrum antibiotic with excellent tissue penetration. Systemic use was popularised in the 1950s due to its affordability andease of preparation. It is now rarely used in developed countries due to its significant side effect profile including toxic optic neuropathy. \u0000Case Description – A 68-year-old female presented to a neighbouring eye department with a 2-month history of bilateral visual deterioration, initially thought to be due to cataracts. However, due to the moderate cataract density and visual acuities of 6/60 and hand movements a medical history revealed that she had been taking systemic chloramphenicol for 6 months for chronic septic arthritis following a complicated total knee replacement. Following a normal ophthalmic examination besides reduced colour vision and constricted visual fields a diagnosis of toxic optic neuropathy secondary to chloramphenicol was made. Once systemic Chloramphenicol was stopped, her vision improved to 6/24 bilaterally although subjectively did not return to baseline. \u0000Conclusion – Cataracts are a common cause of visual reduction, however, if the amount of cataract does not correlate with the extent of loss of visual acuity then an alternative cause must be considered. Early recognition of toxic neuropathy is key, as withdrawal of Chloramphenicol often results in improvement of visual symptoms.","PeriodicalId":16742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutics and Therapeutics","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86706619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Floating Microspheres: Recent Researchs","authors":"R. Asija","doi":"10.18314/JPT.V1I1.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18314/JPT.V1I1.15","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of writing this review on floating microspheres was to compile the recent literature with special focus on various gastro retentive approaches that have recently become leading methodologies in the field of orally controlled drug delivery to overcome physiological adversities such as short gastric residence times and unpredictable gastric emptying times. Floating microspheres enhances drug bioavailability; reduce drug excretion and controlled drug delivery and better patient compliance.","PeriodicalId":16742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutics and Therapeutics","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73508984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant-Derived Drugs in Malaria Treatment","authors":"H. E","doi":"10.18314/jpt.v4i1.1188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18314/jpt.v4i1.1188","url":null,"abstract":"Every year 880,000 people are killed by malaria, mostof them children in impoverished regions of the worldlacking adequate medical care. While many preventativemeasures, such as mosquito nets have decreased theincidence of malaria, once the disease is contracted,it must be treated. Many plasmodial species havedeveloped a frightening resistance to antimalarial agents,making the search for new, effective antimalarial agentsan urgent priority of global importance.","PeriodicalId":16742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutics and Therapeutics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83056884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraocular Pressure Control for Patients Undergoing Combination Intravitreal Anti-VEGF and Dexamethasone Therapy for Macular Edema from Retinal Vein Occlusion","authors":"M. Singer, D. Bell, J. Singer, P. Woods, T. Jergensen, P. Yanev, Joshua Iltis, Lyndon Tyler, Kinley D. Beck","doi":"10.18314/JPT.V4I1.1433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18314/JPT.V4I1.1433","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: Sustained-release dexamethasone intravitreal implant is an effective treatment for macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion (RVO) but ocular hypertension is a side effect. This study evaluated whether the addition of a single combination IOP-lowering medication will reliably control intraocular pressure (IOP) for those patients.   Study Design/Patients and Methods: Retrospective chart review of 62 patients that underwent multiple injections of combination anti-VEGF and sustained-release dexamethasone intravitreal implant for macular edema secondary to RVO. IOP spikes were treated with brimonidine 0.2% - timolol 0.5%. IRB approval was obtained.   Results: The average elevated IOP requiring treatment was 28.6 mmHg. The average IOP after adding brimonidine 0.2% - timolol 0.5% was 16.7 mmHg. 100 percent of treatment cycles had an IOP< 30 mmHg after starting treatment.   Conclusions: Using one combination IOP-lowering drop can reliably control the ocular hypertension that occurs secondary to combination therapy for macular edema in RVO.","PeriodicalId":16742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutics and Therapeutics","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81675759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}