Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences最新文献_第7页

In-Silico detection of chokepoints enzymes in four plasmodium species 四种疟原虫呛点酶的计算机检测

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2009-12-02 DOI: 10.4314/JOPHAS.V6I3.48503

S. Fatumo, Cs Yah

{"title":"In-Silico detection of chokepoints enzymes in four plasmodium species","authors":"S. Fatumo, Cs Yah","doi":"10.4314/JOPHAS.V6I3.48503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JOPHAS.V6I3.48503","url":null,"abstract":"Of the over 156 species of Plasmodium that infect vertebrates, only four infect man: Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium ovale and Plasmodium malariae. Other species infect other animals including birds, reptiles and rodents. The rodent malaria parasites are Plasmodium berghei, Plasmodium yoelii, Plasmodium chabaudi and Plasmodium vinckei. Since research has shown a high similarity in sequence and properties between human and rodent, we sought to study the likely similar enzymatic pathways between the parasites that infect these two organisms that may be used as drug targets. The paper therefore, employed a computational biochemical approach to identify some choke points in the four selected species of Plasmodium: two (2) that infect humans and two (2) that infect rodents. These include- P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. berghei and P. chanbaudi respectively. In general, we identified an average of 178 chokepoint enzymes in these Plasmodium species which were common to all of them. Since there were several chokepoints enzymes common to all the species; we hypothesize that the chokepoints which are only common to a particular species could be possible drug targets to the individual parasites.","PeriodicalId":16719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences","volume":"132 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80001953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Compararive osmotic fragility of erythrocyte genotypes (HBAA, HBAS and HBSS) of male subjects administered antimalarial drugs 服用抗疟药物的男性受试者红细胞基因型(HBAA、HBAS和HBSS)的渗透脆弱性比较

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2009-12-02 DOI: 10.4314/JOPHAS.V6I3.48507

PAUL CHIDOKA CHIKEZIE, A. Uwakwe, C. Monago

{"title":"Compararive osmotic fragility of erythrocyte genotypes (HBAA, HBAS and HBSS) of male subjects administered antimalarial drugs","authors":"PAUL CHIDOKA CHIKEZIE, A. Uwakwe, C. Monago","doi":"10.4314/JOPHAS.V6I3.48507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JOPHAS.V6I3.48507","url":null,"abstract":"In vivo study was carried out to ascertain the mean corpuscular fragility (MCF) index and corresponding stability of three erythrocyte genotypes (HbAA, HbAS and HbSS) in male volunteers, before (control; t=0 hour) and after (tests; i.e. at t=3, 6 and 18 hours) of administration of five (5) antimalarial drugs (FansidarTM, HalfanTM, quinine, CoartemTM, and chloroquine phosphate). Clinically confirmed healthy non-malarious and malarious male subjects/volunteers enrolled for this study. Erythrocytes obtained from these individuals were suspended in two separate sets of phosphate buffer saline (PBS) solutions of decreasing concentrations in the following order: 0.9, 0.7, 0.6, 0.4, 0.3 and 0.2 g/100 ml. Spectrophotometric method was used to determine the level of erythrocyte osmotic fragility. The mean (± S.D) MCF values of the three genotypes were in the order: HbAA there was no significant difference (p>0.05) between the MCF values of HbAA and HbAS erythrocytes. Comparatively, parasitized erythrocytes exhibited significantly (p redox equilibrium of the red cells are agents of membrane destabilization.","PeriodicalId":16719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90485480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The chemistry and biology of the anticancer agent, taxol: A review 抗癌剂紫杉醇的化学和生物学研究进展

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2009-12-02 DOI: 10.4314/JOPHAS.V6I3.48549

K. Pandey, E. Ibezim

引用次数: 3

Computer - based modeling in extract sciences research -I. Chemical Sciences 提取科学研究中的计算机建模[j]。化学科学

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2009-12-02 DOI: 10.4314/JOPHAS.V6I3.48512

E. Ibezim, P. Duchowicz, N. Ibezim, M. Sanservino, E. Castro

引用次数: 0

Erythrocyte glutathione S-Transferase activity in human administered with five antimalarial drugs 五种抗疟疾药物对人红细胞谷胱甘肽s -转移酶活性的影响

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2009-12-02 DOI: 10.4314/JOPHAS.V6I3.48543

PAUL CHIDOKA CHIKEZIE, A. Uwakwe, C. Monago

{"title":"Erythrocyte glutathione S-Transferase activity in human administered with five antimalarial drugs","authors":"PAUL CHIDOKA CHIKEZIE, A. Uwakwe, C. Monago","doi":"10.4314/JOPHAS.V6I3.48543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JOPHAS.V6I3.48543","url":null,"abstract":"In vivo investigation to ascertain the capacities of five antimalarials drugs (Fansidar, Halfan, quinine, Coartem and chloroquine phosphate) to alter/distort non-parasitized human erythrocyte (HbAA genotype) glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity was carried out. Apparent healthy and clinically confirmed non-malarious male volunteers enrolled for this study. The incubation of human erythrocytes with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) resulted in almost quantitative conjugation of glutathione (GSH) to form S-(2,4-dinitrophenyl) glutathione. The reaction formed the basis for the spectrophotometric determination of GST activity. Determination of GST activity was carried out before (control; t=0 hour) and after (tests; i.e. at t=3, 6 and 18 hours) the five (5) antimalarial drugs were administered to the human volunteers. The control/reference values ranged between 3.27±0.13 and 3.40±0.05 )iu/gHb. Generally, the pattern of in vivo erythrocyte GST activity with time in the presence of the five antimalarial drugs showed a two-phase profile. The first stage showed decreasing levels of relative GST activity within approximate time range: (6","PeriodicalId":16719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81311303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

A critical analysis of the prospects and constraints to commercialization of indigenous pharmaceutical research and developments outputs in developing countries 对发展中国家本土药物研究和开发成果商业化的前景和制约因素的批判性分析

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2009-12-02 DOI: 10.4314/JOPHAS.V6I3.48513

G. Adepoju, A. Akinbowale

{"title":"A critical analysis of the prospects and constraints to commercialization of indigenous pharmaceutical research and developments outputs in developing countries","authors":"G. Adepoju, A. Akinbowale","doi":"10.4314/JOPHAS.V6I3.48513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JOPHAS.V6I3.48513","url":null,"abstract":"It is the inalienable right of the pharmaceutical industry to continue to create medical breakthroughs in order to improve the quality and availability of essential drugs, equipment and consumables in order to impact on morbidity and mortality rates associated with emerging and re-emerging diseases. This study aims at evaluating the prospects and constraints that the pharmaceutical industry in Nigeria faces in Research and Development (R&D) and its commercialization and how these could be overcome. Questionnaire was used as the data collection instrument using stratified sampling procedure. Findings show that the industry faces a lot of constraints due to economic, regulatory and scientific factors that have fundamentally changed the environment in which it operates. The changing focus of drug discovery and development, rising R & D expenditure, cost management, complexity of R & D (e.g. biotechnologies), lengthy period of R & D till commercialization among others, are disincentives to innovations and commercialization of the output of R & D. Thus, translation of the output of pharmaceutical R & D in developing countries like Nigeria is still low just as the prospect for commercialization and innovative skills remain low. The study recommends appropriate intervention strategies to overcome the militating factors so that the industry can grow and enhance the multiplier effect of improved quality of life benefits.","PeriodicalId":16719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences","volume":"763 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76922017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of lozenges formulated from the root bark extract of ZinthoxylumTessmannii 用紫皮提取物配制含片的评价

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2009-12-02 DOI: 10.4314/JOPHAS.V6I4.48559

O. Okorie, C. Esimone, I. Nzekwe, S. Okoli

{"title":"Evaluation of lozenges formulated from the root bark extract of ZinthoxylumTessmannii","authors":"O. Okorie, C. Esimone, I. Nzekwe, S. Okoli","doi":"10.4314/JOPHAS.V6I4.48559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JOPHAS.V6I4.48559","url":null,"abstract":"Following claims of the use of the root bark of Zanthoxylum tessmannii in remedies for mouth and throat infections, particularly tonsillitis and oral thrush, it became necessary to examine the possibility of formulating the extract into lozenges. The root bark was extracted with methanol and the phytochemical composition of the extract evaluated using standard methods. Preliminary phytochemical tests were carried out on the extract, which was then tested for activity against Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus, using nystatin and ampicillin/cloxacillin as control standards respectively. The extract was formulated into lozenges by dry granulation followed by compression in a tableting machine. The compressed lozenges were evaluated for friability, thickness and diameter, weight uniformity and content of active ingredient. The tests revealed heavy presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, oils, carbohydrates and a trace quantity of reducing sugars, tannins and steroids. The extract showed significant activity against Candida albicans in comparison with nystatin, but not against Staphylococcus aureus. The lozenges were of uniform thickness and diameter, and also conformed to the official requirements for uniformity of weight and content of active ingredient for such preparations. We conclude that the bark of the roots of Zanthoxylum tessmannii can be formulated into lozenges for oral thrush in paediatric and geriatric patients.","PeriodicalId":16719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89840373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Computer - based modeling in extract sciences research -III. Biological and related sciences 萃取科学研究中的计算机建模- 3。生物及相关科学

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2009-12-02 DOI: 10.4314/jophas.v6i4.48556

E. Ibezim, P. Duchowicz, N. Ibezim, C. Njoku, Sa Brown, O. Okorie, M. Sanservino, E. Castro

引用次数: 0

Linear computational QSPR for property elucidation and new chemical synthesis 性质解析和新化学合成的线性计算QSPR

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2009-12-02 DOI: 10.4314/JOPHAS.V6I4.48560

E. Ibezim, P. Duchowicz, N. Ibezim, E. Castro

引用次数: 0

A study of the histaminic activity of extract of Mucuna pruriens 麻豆提取物组胺活性的研究

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2009-12-02 DOI: 10.4314/JOPHAS.V6I4.48558

U. Georgewill, O. Georgewill, R. Nwankwoala

{"title":"A study of the histaminic activity of extract of Mucuna pruriens","authors":"U. Georgewill, O. Georgewill, R. Nwankwoala","doi":"10.4314/JOPHAS.V6I4.48558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JOPHAS.V6I4.48558","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the pharmacological activity of the principle from the spines of the seed pods of Mucuna pruriens using contraction of guinea pig ileum as index of pharmacological activity. The active principle was extracted with 0.0015 M NaCl. Muscle strips of guinea pig ileum were prepared and contractile responses were measured using a Kymograph. Two sets of experiments were conducted viz: the contraction of the ileum in the presence of different concentrations of histamine, 2 – methylhistamine and the extract of Mucuna pruriens and the contractile response of the ileum in the presence of different concentrations of the extract and antagonists – diphenhydramine, atropine and methysergide. Mucuna pruriens extract, 2 – methylhistamine and histamine produced dose dependent contraction of guinea pig ileum (Extract ED50 = 13.0 ig/ml; 2 – methylhistamine ED=50-8.5 ig/ml and Histamine ED50=10 ig/ml). Diphenhydramine, an H1 antagonist competitively blocked the contractile response of the extract and coadministration of the extract either with different doses of antimuscarinic agent atropine or 5 – hydroxytryptamine blocking agent, methysergide did not alter the extract - induced contractile response of the guinea pig ileum. These results demonstrate that the spines of Mucuna pruriens possess histamine activity which may contribute to its itching and painful irritation effects.","PeriodicalId":16719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences","volume":"9 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83659982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0