Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"New international infant formulas in the United States: Understanding the Food and Drug Administration-enforcement discretion.","authors":"Nan Du, Dina DiMaggio, Anthony F Porto","doi":"10.1002/jpn3.70084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jpn3.70084","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16694,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144078704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on hospitalizations for acute pancreatitis in children.","authors":"Charles Kang, Yun Seong Ji, Apryl Susi, Cade M Nylund","doi":"10.1002/jpn3.70086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jpn3.70086","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16694,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144078698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability of patient-reported pain and discharge for predicting perianal lesions in pediatric Crohn's disease.","authors":"Blake I Hardin, Andrew A M Singer, Shuemein J Mar, George M Zacur, Sally J Eder, Kelley Rose French, Jeremy Adler","doi":"10.1002/jpn3.70071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jpn3.70071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over 40% of children with Crohn's disease (CD) develop perianal lesions (skin tags and/or fissures), which are associated with the risk of perianal fistula. It is unknown how reliably perianal symptoms predict perianal lesions. We recruited pediatric patients with CD who were undergoing colonoscopy for clinical indications. Patients self-reported recent perianal symptoms. We retrospectively reviewed the perianal exam documented on colonoscopy reports and in the electronic health record to obtain details of perianal lesions if present. Thirty-three patients were included: median age 15.6 years (interquartile range 12.9-17.5), 27% female, 80% White. There was no association between any perianal symptom and the presence or absence of any perianal lesion (p = 0.85), suggesting the presence or absence of perianal pain and/or anal discharge does not predict whether a patient with CD has perianal lesions. This raises the importance of perianal examination, regardless of symptoms, for identifying perianal lesions early and enabling treatment aimed at preventing perianal fistula development in patients with CD.</p>","PeriodicalId":16694,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143970613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technical review by the ESPGHAN Special Interest Group on Gut Microbiota and Modifications on the health outcomes of infant formula supplemented with probiotics.","authors":"Ener Cagri Dinleyici, Hania Szajewska, Iva Hojsak, Pedro Gutierrez-Castrellón, Alfredo Guarino, Flavia Indrio, Johannes B van Goudoever, Magnus Domellöf, Raanan Shamir, Francesco Savino, Yvan Vandenplas","doi":"10.1002/jpn3.70068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jpn3.70068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This technical review, one of the five developed by the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) Special Interest Group on Gut Microbiota and Modifications (SIG-GMM), supports the preparation of a paper on the use of biotic-supplemented formulas, including those containing probiotics. The SIG-GMM conducted this review of studies published before December 31, 2023, to evaluate the clinical outcomes of administering probiotic-supplemented infant formulas to healthy infants (0-12 months). Following the review, all 20 members of the SIG-GMM anonymously assigned scores of 0-9 for each statement related to probiotic-supplemented infant formula. A score ≥6 indicated agreement with a statement, but a statement was rejected if 75% of the members concurred regarding its rejection. The systematic review included 28 studies on the effects of probiotic-supplemented infant formulas. The probiotics studied so far showed no difference compared to the control formula in outcomes such as anthropometric data, gastrointestinal symptoms, stool characteristics, allergy, infections, tolerability and safety. The studies varied in terms of probiotic strains, study designs, and intervention durations. The trials, primarily conducted in Western countries, demonstrated that probiotic-supplemented formulas were well tolerated, with no significant differences in anthropometric parameters and in the growth of infants compared to those fed nonsupplemented formulas in presumed healthy infants. Some evidence suggests potential benefits of probiotic-supplemented formulas in reducing gastrointestinal and respiratory infections, although the findings were inconsistent. This technical review provides the foundation for recommendations on the use of probiotic-supplemented infant formulas in healthy infants.</p>","PeriodicalId":16694,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144023169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Update on pediatric liver transplantation in Europe 2022: An ELITA-ESPGHAN report.","authors":"Norman Junge, Vincent Karam, Hermien Hartog, Rene Adam, Valérie Cailliez, Giuseppe Indolfi, Marianne Samyn, Xavier Stephenne, Tudor Lucian Pop, Orit Waisbourd-Zinman, Benno Kohlmaier, Aglaia Zellos, Sara Mancell, Emmanuel Gonzales, Emanuele Nicastro, Jesus Quintero, Nicolas Richter, Nigel Heaton, Raymond Reding, Sophie Branchereau, Girish Gupte, Moritz Schmelzle, Lutz Fischer, Piotr Kalicinski, Michele Colledan, Manuel Lopez Santamaria, Ruben H de Kleine, Emer Fitzpatrick","doi":"10.1002/jpn3.70065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jpn3.70065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The European Liver Transplant Registry (ELTR) has been collecting data on liver transplantation (LT) in Europe since 1968. The aim of this report is to outline the number, techniques utilized, indications for, and outcomes of pediatric LT (pLT) in Europe, focusing on the Year 2022 in comparison to the preceding 5 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were obtained from ELTR and Eurotransplant (ET). Summary statistics were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2022, 585 pLTs were performed in Europe. The annual number of pLT decreased for the third consecutive year. Living donor LT represented 34% (n = 201) of pLT. The proportion of living donation (LD) remained stable over time. The major indication for pLT in Europe is biliary atresia. Donor age is increasing overall and is associated with worse graft survival. Graft and patient survival were impacted by both types of donors and types of grafts, and were significantly worse after re-transplantation. Most graft failures (77%) and deaths (82%) occurred within the first 6 months after pLT.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Annual numbers of pLT in Europe are decreasing over time. Given that the proportion of LD has remained stable, the shortage of deceased donor organs may not be the major reason for this trend, and other factors play a role. A focus on improving perioperative care is needed because the risk of graft loss and mortality is highest in the first 6 months after transplantation. New techniques like ex-situ machine perfusion may help mitigate risks with declining quality of deceased donor liver grafts.</p>","PeriodicalId":16694,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144022812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early serum alkaline phosphatase and other factors associated with enteral feeding in very low birth weight preterm infants.","authors":"Orly Levkovitz, Siwar Khatib-Fadila, Gisela Laura Sirota, Eynit Grinblatt, Revital Abitbul, Shmuel Arnon, Sofia Bauer","doi":"10.1002/jpn3.70076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jpn3.70076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), particularly the intestinal isoform, plays an important role in gut maturation and function. This study evaluated the relationship between early serum ALP levels and time to full enteral feeding (FEF) in very low birth weight (VLBW) preterm infants, hypothesizing that ALP levels at 48 h could predict feeding advancement.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study included 437 VLBW preterm infants admitted to the NICU at Meir Medical Center from 2014 to 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Infants who achieved FEF within 10 days (early FEF) had higher median ALP levels at 48 h than those requiring >10 days (late FEF) (265 U/L vs. 244 U/L, respectively; p = 0.035). However, multivariate analysis showed ALP levels were not a significant predictor of delayed FEF (odds ratio [OR] = 0.97, p = 0.063), and receiver operating characteristic analysis indicated poor predictive value (area under the curve = 0.547, p = 0.088). Low ALP levels were associated with early-onset sepsis, amnionitis, and lower birth weight (BW) Z-scores. Factors associated with prolonged FEF included younger gestational age, lower serum phosphorus levels, respiratory support, and lower BW Z-scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Early serum ALP levels are linked to neonatal comorbidities but are not reliable predictors of time to FEF in VLBW preterm infants. Further studies are needed to explore the clinical relevance of ALP levels in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":16694,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144026939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional and growth concerns of vegetarian diets in children.","authors":"Kanika Puri, Erik Andrewski, Grace Murray, Elizabeth Cooley, Charles Vanderpool","doi":"10.1002/jpn3.70067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jpn3.70067","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16694,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144022872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolated intestinal lymphatic anomaly: Underwater endoscopic identification and therapeutic intervention.","authors":"Ashley Polachek, Geoffrey Daves, Sheena Pimpalwar, Bhaskar Gurram, Suren Reddy, Christian Wysocki, David Troendle","doi":"10.1002/jpn3.70074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jpn3.70074","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16694,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144026454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of glycerin on colonic motility in children.","authors":"Julia M J van der Zande, Anna E Leone, Shruthi Srinivas, Richard J Wood, Marc A Benninga, Raul E Sanchez, Neetu Bali Puri, Karla Vaz, Desale Yacob, Carlo Di Lorenzo, Peter L Lu","doi":"10.1002/jpn3.70057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jpn3.70057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Colonic manometry (CM) involves measurement of colonic neuromuscular activity and administration of a stimulant laxative, most commonly bisacodyl, which is part of the study protocol. Glycerin is another laxative used in the treatment of constipation. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of glycerin on colonic motility and compare the response to glycerin with each patient's response to bisacodyl.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a retrospective review of all CM studies performed between May 2015 and May 2022. All studies with glycerin administration were included. Patient demographics, medical and surgical history, and results of each CM, including name, number, and dose of stimulant laxatives administered, colonic motor response after each stimulant, and final interpretation, were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 131 CM studies in 125 patients (53% female, median age at CM 10 years, interquartile range 7-14 years). Compared to bisacodyl, glycerin more commonly triggered fully propagated high-amplitude propagating contractions (HAPCs; 35% vs. 13%, p < 0.001) and led to a greater extent of propagation (propagation to sigmoid vs. to descending colon, p < 0.001). In 36% of studies, glycerin led to an improved response (stimulation of HAPCs when they were absent after bisacodyl, or HAPCs propagating through a greater extent of colon) compared to bisacodyl. In studies with an improved response, the median dose of glycerin in mL/kg was not significantly different compared to studies with the same/worse response.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Glycerin can trigger HAPCs in patients in whom bisacodyl was not able to do so. Incorporation of glycerin into standard CM protocols should be considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":16694,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144023442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parental education in pediatric dysphagia: A comparative analysis of three large language models.","authors":"Bülent Alyanak, Burak Tayyip Dede, Fatih Bağcıer, Mazlum Serdar Akaltun","doi":"10.1002/jpn3.70069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jpn3.70069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study evaluates the effectiveness of three widely used large language models (LLMs)-ChatGPT-4, Copilot, and Gemini-in providing accurate, reliable, and understandable answers to frequently asked questions about pediatric dysphagia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-five questions, selected based on Google Trends data, were presented to ChatGPT-4, Copilot, and Gemini, and the responses were evaluated using a 5-point Likert scale for accuracy, the Ensuring Quality Information for Patients (EQIP) and DISCERN scales for information quality and reliability, and the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL) and Flesch Reading Ease (FRE) scores for readability. The performance of ChatGPT-4, Copilot, and Gemini was assessed by presenting the same set of questions at three different time points: August, September, and October 2024. Statistical analyses included analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis tests, and post hoc comparisons, with p values below 0.05 considered significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ChatGPT-4 achieved the highest mean accuracy score (4.1 ± 0.7) compared to Copilot (3.1 ± 0.7) and Gemini (3.8 ± 0.8), with significant differences observed in quality ratings (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively). EQIP and DISCERN scores further confirmed the superior performance of ChatGPT-4. In terms of readability, Gemini achieved the highest scores (FRE = 48.7 ± 9.9 and FKGL = 10.1 ± 1.6).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While ChatGPT-4 generally provided more accurate and reliable information, Gemini produced more readable content. However, variability in overall information quality indicates that, although LLMs hold potential as tools for pediatric dysphagia education, further improvements are necessary to ensure consistent delivery of reliable and accessible information.</p>","PeriodicalId":16694,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144026431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}