Proceedings of the 2021 10th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Science最新文献

Studying length of stay in the Emergency Department of A.O.R.N. “Antonio Cardarelli” of Naples 研究在那不勒斯的安东尼奥·卡达雷利急诊室的住院时间

Proceedings of the 2021 10th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Science Pub Date : 2021-10-29 DOI: 10.1145/3498731.3498753

Massimo Majolo, A. M. Ponsiglione, G. Longo, G. Russo, M. Triassi, E. Raiola, G. Improta

引用次数: 3

A Systematic Review of National Drug Negotiations 国家药品谈判的系统审查

Proceedings of the 2021 10th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Science Pub Date : 2021-10-29 DOI: 10.1145/3498731.3498749

Jiayu Gu

引用次数: 1

An overview of Alzheimer's disease and its diagnosis using conventional and novel methods 阿尔茨海默病的概述及其诊断使用传统和新的方法

Proceedings of the 2021 10th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Science Pub Date : 2021-10-29 DOI: 10.1145/3498731.3498761

Xuanning Zhao

{"title":"An overview of Alzheimer's disease and its diagnosis using conventional and novel methods","authors":"Xuanning Zhao","doi":"10.1145/3498731.3498761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3498731.3498761","url":null,"abstract":"Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disease caused by abundant abnormal extracellular amyloid-β plaques and intracellular assemblage of tau inclusions, can severely affect the living of patients as it causes dementia. As aging is the most important risk factor of AD, an increasing aging global population will lead to more serious problems in the future. The progression of AD includes three stages: the asymptomatic stage, Mild Cognitive Impairment and dementia. At present, most diagnoses methods are focused on MCI and dementia stages of the disease as disease during the asymptomatic stage is challenging. At present, effective diagnostic methods include neuropathological diagnosis that focus on the macroscopic features and microscopic features of AD, biomarkers such as cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers and other biomarkers in the human plasma, imaging techniques including structural magnetic resonance imaging and F-fluorodeoxyglucose-position emission tomography, psychological and behavioral tests, etc., but most of them have obvious deficiencies. Novel diagnostic methods, such as saliva biomarkers, which cost less and are more accurate in diagnosing AD can have promises for early diagnosis of AD, leading better patient outcomes. With the advancement of emergence of technologies, such as artificial intelligence, more effective diagnosis methods will be available, and the efficiency of diagnosing AD will increase, benefiting patients and their families. This paper provides an overview of AD and investigates conventional and novel methods for its diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":166893,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2021 10th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Science","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129608731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Role of Circulating Tumor Cells in Diagnosis of Cancer: Cancer and Circulating Tumor Cells 循环肿瘤细胞在肿瘤诊断中的作用:肿瘤与循环肿瘤细胞

Proceedings of the 2021 10th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Science Pub Date : 2021-10-29 DOI: 10.1145/3498731.3498758

Siqi Wu

{"title":"The Role of Circulating Tumor Cells in Diagnosis of Cancer: Cancer and Circulating Tumor Cells","authors":"Siqi Wu","doi":"10.1145/3498731.3498758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3498731.3498758","url":null,"abstract":"An estimated 19 million new cancer cases and almost 10 million global death due to cancer in 2020 have highlighted the cardinal importance of accurate diagnostic assays for the early detection of cancer. Detecting circulating tumor cells (CTCs) offers a new approach for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Multi-disciplinary research teams have tried to develop CTC-detection assays, with the establishment of an FDA-approved test for clinical CTC enumeration and with others under development. CTC detection techniques mainly rely on physical separation and microfluidic-based methods, particularly microfiltration devices. Molecular diagnostic assays are a major group of tests used to diagnose CTCs. Among molecular diagnostic assays to detect CTCs, biochemical techniques such as immunoaffinity is a basis for enrichment involving positive and negative selection. Besides enumeration, there are multiple other techniques for CTC analysis, such as genomic, transcriptomic, epigenetic, proteomic, and multimodal analysis. However, the current CTC enumeration technology is unable to address many biological challenges associated with CTC characteristics such as extreme rarity, heterogeneous nature and varied phenotype. Future research is required for the development and application of new detection and therapeutic methods. In this review, the technical and clinical applications of the different CTCs molecular diagnostic assays are summarized, and suggestions are made to overcome caveats for CTC detection techniques in the future.","PeriodicalId":166893,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2021 10th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Science","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116274484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Feature Gene Selection based on L1/2+2 Regularization 基于L1/2+2正则化的特征基因选择

Proceedings of the 2021 10th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Science Pub Date : 2021-10-29 DOI: 10.1145/3498731.3498737

Zhenyu He, Yong Liang, Ling Huang, Wenzhong Wang, Jinfeng Wang

{"title":"Feature Gene Selection based on L1/2+2 Regularization","authors":"Zhenyu He, Yong Liang, Ling Huang, Wenzhong Wang, Jinfeng Wang","doi":"10.1145/3498731.3498737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3498731.3498737","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer is one of the great medical problems that mankind is facing today. With the help of DNA microarray, we can analyze thousands of genes simultaneously. The analysis of cancer samples with microarray technique is a hot topic in the field of bioinformatics. There are usually quite a lot genes in the microarray datasets, so it is time-consuming for us to classify samples with all these genes. For this reason, it is necessary for us to conduct feature gene selection. Regularization can serve as a method for feature selection. In this paper, we proposed a method called L1/2+2 and Fuzzy Measure Gene Selection (LFMGS). The method can be divided into two parts. Firstly, the L1/2+2 regularization is adopted to remove most of genes. Then L1/2+2 regularization and fuzzy measure are combined to obtain the sparse solution of fuzzy measures, and then a small number of genes are eliminated based on the final gene rank. Experimental results on seven datasets show the superiority of our method over the other four methods comprehensively considering accuracy, sensitivity and specificity, and the number of selected genes.","PeriodicalId":166893,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2021 10th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133916658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

PPSNV: A Novel Predictor for Pathogenicity of Nonsynonymous SNV based on Ensemble Learning PPSNV:基于集成学习的非同义SNV致病性新预测因子

Proceedings of the 2021 10th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Science Pub Date : 2021-10-29 DOI: 10.1145/3498731.3498741

Xu Zhen, G. Lin

引用次数: 0

Activation of Microglial Genes and Crosstalk with Micro-environment in Modulating Immunological Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease 小胶质细胞基因激活与微环境串扰在阿尔茨海默病免疫病理调节中的作用

Proceedings of the 2021 10th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Science Pub Date : 2021-10-29 DOI: 10.1145/3498731.3498739

Chuanbin Wu

{"title":"Activation of Microglial Genes and Crosstalk with Micro-environment in Modulating Immunological Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease","authors":"Chuanbin Wu","doi":"10.1145/3498731.3498739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3498731.3498739","url":null,"abstract":"Recent studies have revealed that immune responses and related pathways are actively involved into the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) / AD-like pathology in both patients and disease models. Single-cell studies further discovered the accumulation of disease associated microglia (DAM) along with the progression of AD pathology and the pro-inflammatory activity was regulated by the Trem2-dependent pathways. Given the significance of microglia population in mediating the clearance of plaques, it is important to understand the mechanism of microglia activation and their response changes to the plaque accumulation in AD-affected brains. By observing the gene expression level across brain regions in 5xFAD mice, we showed that hippocampus was most affected during AD-like pathology progression and most up-regulated genes were pro-inflammatory. Then, by looking at the microglia gene expression data, we revealed the distinguished activation of disease-associated immune responses at the late stage in 5xFAD mice and the discrepancy between 5xFAD and wild type mice was increased with aging. In addition, we discussed the importance of Trem2 in microglia at the late stage of 5xFAD and showed that Trem2 knock-out not only decreased microglia immune responses but also changed the micro-environment that microglia resided in. Based on this, we continued argued that the interaction between microglia and other cell types, including neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, had significant impacts on the microglia-mediated plaque clearance in AD/AD-like pathology affected brain tissues.","PeriodicalId":166893,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2021 10th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Science","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122856753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dynamics of Covid-19 Delta Variant in the UK: the estimate of Reproduction Number 英国新冠病毒δ型变异动态:繁殖数估计

Proceedings of the 2021 10th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Science Pub Date : 2021-10-29 DOI: 10.1145/3498731.3498754

Yujie Ni

{"title":"Dynamics of Covid-19 Delta Variant in the UK: the estimate of Reproduction Number","authors":"Yujie Ni","doi":"10.1145/3498731.3498754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3498731.3498754","url":null,"abstract":"Delta variant is considered as Variant of Concern (VOC) due to its high transmissibility compared to the original strain and other variants. This paper assessed the transmissibility of the delta variant in the UK from March to July by estimating effective reproduction numbers. First, effective reproduction number R at initial exponential phase of outbreak was calculated by using exponential growth method, then real time reproduction number Rt was estimated by using the time-dependent method. Depending on the observed generation interval distribution, R is 1.39 and Rt is merging to 1 along the time. The result is significantly lower than the basic reproduction number R0 reported by several institutions. From the first emergence of delta variant in UK to July, even though the daily infection cases were increasing due to step-by-step lockdown relaxation, the transmissibility of delta is slightly diminishing. Control measures especially the vaccination program are considered effective from this perspective. The analysis was performed based on daily cumulative delta infection number from March to July provided by Public Health England (PHE). R studio and Microsoft Excel were used in data processing and visualization.","PeriodicalId":166893,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2021 10th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Science","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124806108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Endogenous Network Reveals the Landscape of Liver Lineage Differentiation 内源性网络揭示肝脏谱系分化的景观

Proceedings of the 2021 10th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Science Pub Date : 2021-10-29 DOI: 10.1145/3498731.3498736

Xiao Liu, Mengyao Wang, Qi Chang

引用次数: 0

A comparative study of cell type annotation methods for immune cells using single-cell sequencing technology 单细胞测序技术对免疫细胞类型标注方法的比较研究

Proceedings of the 2021 10th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Science Pub Date : 2021-10-29 DOI: 10.1145/3498731.3498735

Tian-Yu Zhang

{"title":"A comparative study of cell type annotation methods for immune cells using single-cell sequencing technology","authors":"Tian-Yu Zhang","doi":"10.1145/3498731.3498735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3498731.3498735","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Single-cell sequencing is an emerging technique that allows high-throughput data analysis at an individual cell resolution and is applied in diverse fields of biology. Due to the large amount of data, downstream analysis is very complicated, and cell type annotation is a critical step; however, it is currently difficult to obtain good results. Single-cell sequencing has resulted in new breakthroughs in multi-omics, such as CITE-seq (Cellular Indexing of Transcriptomes and Epitopes by sequencing), which allows the measurement of surface marker proteins simultaneously with the sequencing of mRNA at the single-cell level. In this study, a CITE-seq dataset of human PBMCs (peripheral blood mononuclear cells) was annotated using the most popular reference-based annotation methods, including SingleR, Seurat with the RNA-seq dataset, and Seurat with both the RNA and protein datasets; the results were then compared with RNA and protein expression levels to determine the role of proteins in cell annotation. The results indicate that protein expression can supplement datasets with some mRNAs with low expression to improve accuracy. With the verification of single-cell biomarkers, the multi-omics annotation method Seurat with both the RNA and protein databases showed the best performance, especially in the differentiation of NK cells and T cells and of dendritic cells and monocytes. This study shows the significance of multi-omics information for improving cell annotation and has great potential for perfecting these annotations with more data support.","PeriodicalId":166893,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2021 10th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130692901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0