Journal of Orthodontics最新文献

{"title":"Meet the Author.","authors":"Pratik K Sharma","doi":"10.1177/14653125261429153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14653125261429153","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16677,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthodontics","volume":"53 1","pages":"94"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147494161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advertising of orthodontic appliances on websites in the UK: Do they comply with advertising standards? A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Arunika Nehra, Adam Jones, Trevor Hodge","doi":"10.1177/14653125251408302","DOIUrl":"10.1177/14653125251408302","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the compliance of websites promoting proprietary orthodontic appliances available in the UK against advertising standards outlined by the Advertising Standards Authority Committee of Advertising Practice (ASA CAP) Code.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Websites promoting proprietary orthodontic appliances available in the UK, including fixed, removable and aligner systems sold as a complete system under a brand name.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive, systematic approach was adopted, beginning with a 2020 scoping search on Google and social media platforms (Instagram and Facebook) to identify keywords. Keyword searches were conducted on Google in 2020, 2023 and 2025 to identify relevant websites. To ensure contemporary relevance, only websites identified in the final 2025 search were included for analysis. Raters underwent training and calibration before independently evaluating websites for compliance with advertising standards using bespoke judgement criteria derived from the ASA CAP Code, across four domains: comprehensiveness of treatment information; presentation of treatment information; objectivity of treatment information; and substantiation of claims. Discrepancies were resolved through group discussion to determine agreed scores. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics (Fleiss' kappa and Kruskal-Wallis tests).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 2025 search identified 970 websites, of which 39 met the inclusion criteria. Inter-rater reliability showed almost perfect agreement (kappa >0.9). Compliance varied significantly across domains: 45% of all claims provided comprehensive information, 54% had clear presentation, 38% maintained objectivity and only 4% of claims were substantiated with evidence. Nearly all websites (95%) omitted common risks and 92% failed to mention alternative treatments. Direct-to-consumer and tele-dentistry websites showed poorer compliance than dentist-delivered systems.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Orthodontic appliance websites showed poor compliance with ASA CAP Code standards. The majority used descriptive language and words in place of numbers to quantify magnitude, alongside subjective content and unsubstantiated claims, with omissions of treatment risks. These findings raise significant concerns about online orthodontic advertising and its potential impact on informed patient decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":16677,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthodontics","volume":" ","pages":"45-61"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12999987/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147307092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial.","authors":"Jayne Harrison","doi":"10.1177/14653125261433419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14653125261433419","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16677,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthodontics","volume":"53 1","pages":"7-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147494214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI-generated orthodontic patient education videos: Content and quality assessment.","authors":"Al Imran Shahrul, Alizae Marny Fadzlin Syed Mohamed","doi":"10.1177/14653125251391435","DOIUrl":"10.1177/14653125251391435","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the content and quality of videos created by artificial intelligence (AI) video generator platforms, specifically focused on oral hygiene maintenance and dietary advice for orthodontic patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This mixed-method study evaluated five AI video generation platforms: InVideo, VEED.IO, VideoGen, Lumen5 and Steve.AI. A standardised base prompt was used across all platforms, with minor modifications to accommodate each tool's limitations and functionality. Two orthodontists assessed the content of the voice-overs and captions using a checklist for oral hygiene (OHC) and dietary advice (DAC), as well as the Global Quality Scale (GQS) for overall quality. Descriptive analysis evaluated the consistency between voice-over, captions and visuals. A thematic qualitative analysis was conducted, and quantitative comparisons of checklist scores across platforms were made using non-parametric tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All videos were rated poorly, each receiving a GQS score of 2, indicating limited usefulness for patient education. VideoGen recorded the highest OHC score, while Steve.AI (Live) recorded the lowest. For the DAC, Lumen5 achieved the highest score, whereas InVideo and VEED.IO obtained the lowest. However, the score between all the platforms for DAC and OHC were not statistically different (<i>P</i> > 0.05). Although flossing advice and fluoride toothpaste recommendations were generally included, key details, such as brushing duration and specific dietary instructions, were often missing. Many videos also contained irrelevant or inaccurate visuals. Thematic analysis identified three main themes: oral hygiene maintenance, dietary advice and orthodontic appointments.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study found that AI video generation platforms produce content of poor quality and relevance for oral hygiene maintenance and dietary advice for orthodontic patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":16677,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthodontics","volume":" ","pages":"20-33"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145482346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Information provision for orthognathic treatment by consultant orthodontists in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland: A questionnaire-based study.","authors":"Robert Sd Smyth, Fiona S Ryan, Sophy K Barber, Susan J Cunningham","doi":"10.1177/14653125251391432","DOIUrl":"10.1177/14653125251391432","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this research was to carry out a study of consultant orthodontists in the United Kingdom (UK) and Republic of Ireland (RoI), exploring the information provision for patients both considering and undergoing orthognathic treatment to help inform the development of decision support tools.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A questionnaire-based study of consultant orthodontists in the UK and RoI through the British Orthodontic Society (BOS) Consultant Orthodontist Group.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Data collected using an online survey platform (Qualtrics^® XM).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A final sample of 56 respondents was achieved with an estimated response rate of 28%. All respondents (100%) said their patients routinely attended an orthognathic multidisciplinary team (MDT) clinic before commencing any active treatment. The majority (98.21%) of respondents said they utilised nationally available resources produced by the BOS, with the most commonly used resource being the BOS '<i>Your Jaw Surgery</i>' online resource. When considering the benefits of treatment that were routinely discussed, the three most commonly selected responses were improvement in occlusion (92.86%), improvement in facial aesthetics (91.07%) and improvement in dental aesthetics (83.93%). There were nine orthodontic risks that were routinely discussed by more than 90% of respondents, including pain and discomfort, duration of treatment and long-term commitment to retainer wear, alongside 11 surgical risks, including permanent and temporary paraesthesia or dysaesthesia of the lips/chin/tongue, and postoperative pain.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>From the responses received, patients considering orthognathic treatment routinely attend an orthognathic MDT clinic before commencing active treatment. Information is provided with nationally available resources and consultant orthodontists routinely discuss risks and benefits of the orthodontic and surgical treatment with prospective patients to help them make informed decisions regarding their care.</p>","PeriodicalId":16677,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthodontics","volume":" ","pages":"9-19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12999983/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145634939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meet the Author.","authors":"Al Imran Shahrul","doi":"10.1177/14653125261435686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14653125261435686","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16677,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthodontics","volume":"53 1","pages":"95"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147494152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of varying degrees of maxillary gingival display on perception of smile aesthetics: A dynamic smile visualisation study.","authors":"Xu Zhang, John Good, Ama S Johal, Pratik K Sharma","doi":"10.1177/14653125251412487","DOIUrl":"10.1177/14653125251412487","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the influence of varying degrees of gingival display on perception of smile aesthetics judged by orthodontists, dentists and lay people.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Barts and the London, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, UK.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Three groups of raters comprising 25 orthodontists, 25 dentists and 25 lay people.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Videos in increments of 1.5 mm of the final lip position ranging from 3 mm incisal coverage to 7.5 mm of gingival display were produced. Three rater groups assessed the attractiveness of smile videos using a visual analogue scale (VAS). Multiple regression analysis was undertaken, and images were compared using the Tukey HSD method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.65% (95% confidence interval 0.59-0.71), indicating moderate intra-rater reliability. The highest ranking for female videos was with 1.5 mm of incisal coverage, with no significant difference between 3 mm of incisal coverage and 3 mm of gingival exposure. For the male videos, the highest ranking was 0 mm of gingival show, with no significant difference between 1.5 mm of incisal coverage and 1.5 mm of gingival exposure. There was a significant drop in the scores with further increase in gingival exposure, with more than 6 mm being rated very low aesthetically. Video rating was not influenced by rater group (female: <i>P</i> = 0.60; male: <i>P</i> = 0.06), rater gender (female: <i>P</i> = 0.17, male: <i>P</i> = 0.74) or rater age (female: <i>P</i> = 0.16, male: <i>P</i> = 0.25).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is a significant difference in the perception of smile aesthetics with varying amounts of gingival show. There is a clear threshold of acceptance up to 3 mm of gingival display for the female videos and 1.5 mm in for the male videos, after which the aesthetics of the smile decline with increments of increasing gingival display. No significant differences were observed in the perception of smile aesthetics with varying amounts of gingival show between orthodontists, dentists and lay people.</p>","PeriodicalId":16677,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthodontics","volume":"53 1","pages":"62-73"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12999998/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147491332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of removing fixed orthodontic appliances on oral microbial dysbiosis: A longitudinal study and metagenomic sequencing analysis.","authors":"Nisha Fathima, Rohan Mascarenhas, Dilshad Umar, Punchappady Devasya Rekha, Sandeep Shetty, Vivek Amin","doi":"10.1177/14653125251408048","DOIUrl":"10.1177/14653125251408048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the impact of appliance removal on oral microbial diversity, composition, and abundance using metagenomic sequencing. It aims to identify the core microbiome and assess changes between mid-treatment and 2 weeks after debonding to understand the relationship between orthodontic therapy and oral health better.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This longitudinal cohort study recruited 26 patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment between January 2022 and June 2023. Saliva samples were collected at two predefined time points: mid-treatment (T0, defined as before appliance removal) and 2 weeks after debonding (T1). Microbial DNA was extracted and the V1-V3 hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA gene were sequenced using Illumina NovaSeq. Bioinformatics analysis was performed using QIIME and the SILVA database to evaluate microbial diversity and composition at T0 and T1. Beta diversity metrics and statistical tests, including PERMANOVA and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, were applied to identify significant differences (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Effect sizes with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were reported.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis revealed significant shifts in microbial diversity and composition between T0 and T1. A total of 189 species across 63 genera were identified, with Firmicutes, <i>Bacteroidetes</i>, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and <i>Fusobacteria</i> as dominant phyla. Genera such as <i>Fusobacterium periodonticum</i> (↑ 12.4%, 95% CI = 10.1-14.7) and <i>Veillonella parvula</i> (↑ 9.8%, 95% CI = 7.6-11.3) increased after debonding, while <i>Prevotella melaninogenica</i> (↓ 10.2%, 95% CI = 8.1-12.0) and <i>Rothia dentocariosa</i> (↓ 7.9%, 95% CI = 6.3-9.2) decreased. Beta diversity analysis confirmed a statistically significant microbial community shift (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrated significant microbial shifts between mid-treatment and 2 weeks after debonding, including increases in potentially pathogenic genera and alterations in the core microbiome. These findings indicate microbial changes persist for at least 2 weeks after appliance removal. Further research with pre-treatment baselines and extended follow-up is required to better define the long-term trajectory of these changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16677,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthodontics","volume":" ","pages":"34-44"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146030182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does the camera type affect the quality of orthodontic photographs? Mirrorless and smartphone cameras versus digital single lens reflex (DSLR) camera.","authors":"Al Imran Shahrul, Nabilla Mohd Shukor, Noraina Hafizan Norman","doi":"10.1177/14653125251358837","DOIUrl":"10.1177/14653125251358837","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the quality of orthodontic clinical photographs taken with a mirrorless camera and a smartphone compared with those taken with a digital single lens reflex (DSLR) camera.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study involved six participants (models), each of whom had five extra-oral and five intra-oral photographs taken using a DSLR (Canon 70D), a mirrorless camera (Canon RP) and a smartphone (iPhone 14 Pro), resulting in a total of 180 photographs. Four orthodontists served as assessors, evaluating the quality of each photograph based on image clarity, colour accuracy and lighting. They categorised the photographs as 'good' (no errors), 'acceptable' (some errors) or 'unacceptable', while also noting any specific errors observed. Statistical analysis was conducted using Fisher's exact test and Pearson's chi-square test. All statistical tests were interpreted at a significance level of 5%.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to the DSLR camera, the photographs taken with the mirrorless camera were of identical quality, with 100% of photographs rated as good for each camera. For the smartphone camera, 41.7% were assessed as good and 58.3% as acceptable, which was significantly less (<i>P</i> < 0.001) than for the DSLR (100% good). For smartphone intra-oral photographs, the majority of 'upper occlusal' and 'lower occlusal' photographs were classified as 'good' (62.5%), while the remaining 37.5% were rated as 'acceptable'. In contrast, for 'right buccal' and 'left buccal' photographs, the majority of photographs (87.5%) were categorised as 'acceptable', with only 12.5% rated as 'good'.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, although DSLR and mirrorless cameras consistently produce high-quality orthodontic photographs suitable for all clinical and professional purposes, smartphone cameras fall short in photographic quality. Given their lower resolution and pixel count, smartphone-captured photographs may be adequate for clinical records but are not recommended for large-format applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":16677,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthodontics","volume":" ","pages":"315-325"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144862294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The 'pistol spring' for correcting ectopic permanent molar.","authors":"Li Mei","doi":"10.1177/14653125251389981","DOIUrl":"10.1177/14653125251389981","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ectopic eruption of the first permanent molar is prevalent in children, with a reported prevalence of up to 6%. Treatment options usually range from passive observation to active correction with orthodontic appliances like separators or distalising devices. This study outlines the step-by-step procedure for creating a 'pistol spring' system, which delivers a consistent, sustained force, reducing the need for frequent reactivation. The system is easy to fabricate, well-tolerated and enhances treatment efficiency, improving patient compliance and reducing chair-side time. The 'pistol spring' offers a cost-effective, time-efficient solution for managing ectopic first molars, particularly in paediatric patients with limited appointment availability.</p>","PeriodicalId":16677,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthodontics","volume":" ","pages":"386-389"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12664914/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145421925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}