Journal of Orthodontics最新文献

{"title":"Heat-activated nickel-titanium versus conventional nickel-titanium archwire sequences for maxillary anterior alignment: A randomised controlled trial.","authors":"Khanh Vu Phuong Le, Lam Nguyen Le, Ngan Thi Bich Truong","doi":"10.1177/14653125261493138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14653125261493138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the clinical effectiveness of conventional nickel-titanium (NiTi) and heat-activated nickel-titanium (HANT) archwire sequences in terms of anterior alignment, root length, alveolar bone changes and pain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a two-arm parallel randomised controlled trial. Patients (Little's Irregularity Index (LII) 7-9 mm) requiring fixed orthodontic treatment with first premolar extractions were enrolled. Participants were randomly allocated (1:1) using a computer-generated random sequence to either the HANT or conventional NiTi group. Digital scans were obtained at baseline (T0) and monthly until 6 months (T6) to calculate alignment using LII. Pain was assessed at 24 h and 3 and 7 days after activation using a visual analogue scale. Cone-beam computed tomography scans were taken before and after alignment to evaluate root length and alveolar bone changes. Statistical analyses included repeated-measures ANOVA and appropriate between-group tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 46 participants were randomised, and 44 (22 per group) completed the trial. Two participants (one from each group) discontinued during follow-up. Both groups showed significant reductions in irregularity (<i>P</i> < 0.001). A statistically significant time × group interaction was observed (<i>P</i> = 0.035). The HANT group showed a slightly higher, but non-significant, 6-month alignment rate (1.35 vs. 1.30 mm/month). Pain scores were lower in the HANT group. No between-group differences were detected in root length or alveolar bone changes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HANT showed greater LII reduction between months 1 and 3, whereas the overall 6-month alignment rate did not differ significantly. The HANT group also showed lower pain without increasing root resorption or bone loss. These differences were small, so they may be of limited clinical significance.</p><p><strong>Registration: </strong>Ethics Committee of Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy (No. 24.384.HV-ĐHYDCT) and registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT07176871).</p>","PeriodicalId":16677,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthodontics","volume":" ","pages":"14653125261493138"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic remineralisation of enamel adjacent to orthodontic brackets using self-assembling peptide with calcium phosphate and fluoride systems: An in vitro study.","authors":"Sravani Simmuni, Prasad Mandava, Pavitra Priya K, Gowri Sankar Singaraju, Ravindra Vangala","doi":"10.1177/14653125261488414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14653125261488414","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the remineralisation potential of self-assembling peptide P11-4 (SAP), casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), fluoride-enriched CPP-ACP (CPP-ACFP) and their combinations under a dynamic pH-cycling model simulating conditions adjacent to orthodontic brackets.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This in vitro study included 104 sound human premolars that were demineralised and randomly allocated to eight groups (n = 13): control, SAP, fluoride varnish (F), CPP-ACP, CPP-ACFP, SAP + F, SAP + CPP-ACP and SAP + CPP-ACFP. Specimens underwent 28 demineralisation-remineralisation cycles over 30 days. Quantitative light-induced fluorescence assessed fluorescence loss (ΔF, %) and integrated fluorescence loss (ΔQ, mm² × %) at four intervals (T₁-T₄). Intra- and inter-group differences were analysed using Friedman, Wilcoxon, Kruskal-Wallis and Bonferroni-adjusted Mann-Whitney tests (α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All experimental groups showed significant time-dependent remineralisation (<i>P</i> < 0.001). SAP + CPP-ACFP showed the greatest cumulative improvement (ΔF ΔT = +6.27; ΔQ ΔT = +4.4), followed by SAP + CPP-ACP and SAP + F. Among the individual agents, CPP-ACFP showed greater improvement than CPP-ACP, fluoride varnish and SAP. Combination regimens produced 20%-30% greater improvement than the individual agents.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>All regimens produced measurable remineralisation, with SAP + CPP-ACFP showing the most favourable response. The findings support the complementary action of peptide-guided crystal nucleation and fluoride-stabilised calcium-phosphate replenishment and suggest a promising minimally invasive approach for managing orthodontically induced white-spot lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":16677,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthodontics","volume":" ","pages":"14653125261488414"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149215668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salivary biomarkers during en-masse retraction into recent and healed extraction sites: A randomised controlled trial.","authors":"Vaghela Niraj, Rinkle Sardana, Mithu Banerjee, Navleen Kaur Bhatia, Priyawati Moungkhom, Pravin Kumar, Surjit Singh, Vinay Kumar Chugh","doi":"10.1177/14653125261481911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14653125261481911","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To explore changes in salivary biomarkers and rate of tooth movement during en-masse retraction into recent and healed extraction sites.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 20 patients with prominent anterior maxillary teeth requiring en-masse retraction were randomly allocated into two groups. First premolar extractions were carried out either at the start of orthodontic treatment (healed extraction group) or immediately before the commencement of en-masse retraction (recent extraction group). Unstimulated saliva samples and study models were collected at five time points: before the start of orthodontic treatment; after alignment and levelling; and at 2, 8 and 12 weeks after the initiation of retraction. Changes in concentrations of salivary biomarkers were assessed as primary outcomes. Rate of tooth movement was evaluated as a secondary outcome. A mixed analysis of variance was used to evaluate changes in salivary biomarker concentrations over time and between groups. The rate of tooth movement was compared between groups using an independent <i>t</i>-test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both groups demonstrated an increase in salivary receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) levels and a decrease in osteoprotegerin (OPG) levels during the 12-week retraction period. Significant time and group interaction was observed for the RANKL:OPG ratio (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Between-group differences at individual time points were not statistically significant after correction for multiple comparisons. A statistically significantly higher rate of tooth movement was found in the recent extraction group (mean difference: 0.07 mm/week, 95% confidence interval 0.04-0.09; <i>P</i> < 0.05), although this difference is probably not clinically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The RANKL:OPG ratio may reflect the biological activity during orthodontic tooth movement better than individual biomarker concentrations and extraction timing may influence the rate of space closure.</p><p><strong>Trial registry: </strong>Trial was prospectively registered with the Clinical Trials Registry India (https://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials) CTRI/2020/12/029660 and approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur (AIIMS/IEC/2019-20/977), Rajasthan, India.</p>","PeriodicalId":16677,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthodontics","volume":" ","pages":"14653125261481911"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149069866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The correlation between mandibular buccal shelf thickness and different vertical facial patterns: A CBCT study.","authors":"Seyedeh Pegah Mirmalek, Yaser Safi, Reza Morvaridi Farimani","doi":"10.1177/14653125261481917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14653125261481917","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between buccal shelf thickness and vertical facial patterns to determine the preferred site for mini-implant placement.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of 90 Iranian adults, aged 22-40 years, were collected from the digital archive of Islamic Azad University (Tehran city, Iran country) and analysed in this retrospective cross-sectional study in order to determine facial patterns. Participants with an ANB angle of 2° ± 2° were divided into low (<27°), average (27°-37°) and high (>37°) vertical groups based on the SN-GoMe angle. Buccal shelf bone thickness was measured at the first and second molars at 6 mm and 11 mm from the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ). Data were analysed using the Shapiro-Wilk test, independent and paired <i>t</i>-tests, Pearson correlation and Tukey post-hoc test, with significance set at <i>P</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 90 participants (39 men, 51 women), no significant sex differences in buccal shelf bone thickness were observed. A significant negative correlation existed between SN-GoMe angle and buccal shelf bone thickness. Buccal bone thickness increased in both the apical and posterior directions; the mean (±SD) thinnest values observed at the distal root of the first molar at 6 mm were 1.03 ± 0.79 mm in males and 1.08 ± 0.90 mm in females, while the mean thickest values were observed at the distal root of the second molar at 11 mm, measuring 4.86 ± 1.59 mm in males and 4.74 ± 1.13 mm in females.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Individuals with a low vertical angle tend to exhibit greater buccal shelf bone thickness. The distal aspect of the mandibular second molar at 11 mm from the CEJ appears to be the most favourable site for extra-alveolar mini-implant placement.</p>","PeriodicalId":16677,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthodontics","volume":" ","pages":"14653125261481917"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149012470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The wettability, microhardness and bonding performance of newly developed orthodontic primers under different ageing models.","authors":"Afaf H Hussein, Yassir A Yassir, Grant T McIntyre","doi":"10.1177/14653125261483712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14653125261483712","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the properties of the newly developed graphene oxide/hydroxyapatite (GOHA) and graphite fluoride/bioactive glass (GFBAG) primers and compare them with Transbond XT orthodontic primer, which served as the control primer.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>In vitro study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>After primer preparation, primer wettability was investigated by measuring the static contact angle (n = 8). The hardness was evaluated by the Vickers hardness of the primer disks (n = 6). The shear bond strength (SBS), adhesive remnant index (ARI) and enamel damage index (EDI) were investigated using 240 premolars that were randomly divided into three groups (control, GOHA, GFBAG) and bonded in a standardised method. Each group was further subdivided (n = 20) for evaluation using different ageing models (initial bonding, water storage, acid challenge and thermocycling).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The experimental primers exhibited higher contact angles (25.59° and 27.83° for GOHA and GFBAG, respectively) and lower wettability than the control primer (20.48°), with a significant reduction in wettability for the GFBAG primer (<i>P</i> = 0.008). In addition, a non-significant increase in microhardness was observed in the experimental primers. The values of SBS, ARI and EDI were comparable to the control primer (<i>P</i> > 0.05), except for the acid challenge group, which showed a significant reduction in the SBS compared to the control primer (<i>P</i> = 0.046 and <i>P</i> = 0.014 for GOHA and GFBAG, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The wettability and hardness of the newly developed GOHA and GFBAG primers were comparable to those of the control primer, while the bonding strength was within clinically acceptable levels, with comparable ARI and EDI to the control primer. Since in vitro studies cannot provide an exact simulation of the complex oral environment, the new primers could be promising candidates for further in-vitro and clinical evaluation during orthodontic treatment, as patients will be at high risk of developing white spot lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":16677,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthodontics","volume":" ","pages":"14653125261483712"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148976990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-use plastics in orthodontic practice in the UK: A service evaulation.","authors":"George Emms, Helena Guerra, Sophy Barber, Catherine Brierley","doi":"10.1177/14653125261483728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14653125261483728","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This service evaluation aimed to estimate the number and mass of SUPs used by orthodontic providers in primary and secondary care settings (1) per year and (2) per course of treatment (COT) to identify potential strategies for SUP reduction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A multicentre, prospective service evaluation was undertaken across six primary and three secondary care orthodontic providers in the north of England (UK). Two dental undergraduate students observed orthodontic appointments and recorded the number and mass of SUPs used during review and treatment appointments using a piloted data collection sheet. Mean SUP use was calculated for each appointment type and extrapolated to annual and COT estimates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across all sites, 133 orthodontic appointments were observed. An average of 9.5 SUPs per review and 13.9 SUPs per treatment appointment were used in primary care, weighing 37 g and 44.6 g, respectively. In secondary care, an average of 9.3 SUPs per review and 14.9 SUPs per treatment appointment were used, weighing 41 g and 73.4 g, respectively. It was estimated that a primary care orthodontic provider would use 187,200 SUPs annually weighing 652.8 kg, and 237 SUPs per COT weighing 0.78 kg. In secondary care, it was estimated that an orthodontic provider would use 193,000 SUPs annually weighing 915.2 kg, and 296.1 SUPs per COT weighing 1.44 kg.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This service evaluation provided a baseline estimate of SUP use in orthodontic care settings. It offers insight into the potential waste generated by an orthodontic provider per year and per COT, which indicates where SUP use could potentially be reduced.</p>","PeriodicalId":16677,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthodontics","volume":" ","pages":"14653125261483728"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148920114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of PolyJet print orientation on the fit of thermoformed aligners: An in vitro scanning electron microscopy study.","authors":"Naveen K Subbaiah, Prabhat Kumar Chaudhari, Ritu Duggal, Vilas D Samrit","doi":"10.1177/14653125261478941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14653125261478941","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The study aimed to compare the fit of thermoformed aligners fabricated on the original dental model over the corresponding dental models created using rapid-prototyping, in horizontal or vertical orientations using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study involved scanning 10 dental models using a Maestro 3D Desktop Scanner. The 10 processed STL files were then additively manufactured into 20 models using a PolyJet printer, 10 models printed in horizontal or vertical orientations, respectively. Two thermoformed aligners using 0.75 mm Duron blanks were fabricated over each original dental model with a Biostar machine and were adapted over the corresponding additively manufactured models. Models manufactured in two different orientations along with aligners were sectioned on the upper and lower-central incisors, first premolars and first molars and were prepared for SEM evaluation. The difference in data between the two groups was determined using an unpaired <i>t</i>-test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The fit of aligners on additively manufactured dental models in vertical or horizontal orientations was generally comparable. Across all regions evaluated, the mean measured discrepancies ranged below 196.2 ± 44.32 µm, which falls within ranges previously reported in the literature as clinically acceptable for thermoformed aligners (117.76 ± 23.58-196.2 ± 44.32 µm).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SEM evaluation revealed that thermoformed aligners fabricated on the original dental models demonstrated a comparable fit on rapid-prototyped dental models, with no significant differences observed between models fabricated in horizontal or vertical three-dimensional printing orientations.</p>","PeriodicalId":16677,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthodontics","volume":" ","pages":"14653125261478941"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148905959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meet the Editors.","authors":"Melody Shirazi","doi":"10.1177/14653125261475746","DOIUrl":"10.1177/14653125261475746","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16677,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthodontics","volume":" ","pages":"286"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148725361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meet the Author.","authors":"Bronagh McGuckin","doi":"10.1177/14653125261480782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14653125261480782","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16677,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthodontics","volume":"53 3","pages":"281"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148897352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of enamel surface after removal of clear aligner composite attachments using different methods: An in-vitro randomised study.","authors":"Bruna Caroline Tomé Barreto, Gabriela Drago Vidal, Eduardo Franzotti Sant'Anna, Amanda Cunha Regal de Castro, Mônica Tirre de Souza Araújo, Matheus Melo Pithon, Margareth Maria Gomes de Souza","doi":"10.1177/14653125261449267","DOIUrl":"10.1177/14653125261449267","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate bovine enamel surfaces after removal of clear aligner composite attachments using different methods, considering temperature, noise and vibration generated by rotating instruments. The null hypothesis stated that there would be no differences among methods.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A total of 56 specimens were randomly assigned to seven groups according to the removal technique: pencil-tip diamond bur at high-speed (CG); latch-lock multiblade bur at low-speed (LG); friction-grip multiblade bur at high-speed without irrigation (HG); friction-grip multiblade bur at high-speed with irrigation (HIG); aluminium-oxide tips at low-speed (AOG); Sof-Lex™ Pop-On discs at low-speed (SLG), applied from coarse to fine; and Enhance silicone tips at low-speed (EG). Surface roughness was measured using a 3D optical profilometer (Nanovea PS50) and microhardness with a Knoop microhardness tester (Buehler MICROMET 5104). During composite removal, temperature was monitored with a digital infrared thermometer (Lasergrip GM 400), noise with a decibel metre (DL-1100), and vibration with a vibration metre (WT63A).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>AOG produced the highest mean vibration (2.6 ± 0.4 mm/s; <i>P</i> < 0.001), LG generated the highest mean temperature (31 ± 1.2°C; <i>P</i> < 0.001) and CG produced the highest mean noise levels (90.3 ± 2.1 dB; <i>P</i> < 0.001). SLG showed the smallest mean change in roughness (ΔRa: 0.46 ± 0.57).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>All removal methods increased enamel roughness and reduced microhardness, with significant differences in temperature, noise and vibration. AOG and SLG caused less enamel damage and better surface preservation, indicating they may represent safer clinical options. The null hypothesis was therefore rejected.</p>","PeriodicalId":16677,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orthodontics","volume":" ","pages":"215-225"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148042759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}