Journal of Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Comparisons of Intraocular Lens Calculation Formulas for Eyes With Astigmatism: Systemic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Zhi Chen, Meng Li, Zhi-Yong Tian, Xiu-Hua Wan","doi":"10.1155/joph/8136183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/joph/8136183","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare the accuracy of different formulas for calculating toric intraocular lens (IOL) power.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, EBSCO, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched for studies published from 2015 to 2025. Numbers of eyes with a prediction error (PE) within ±0.50 and ±1.00 diopters (D) were synthesized for the meta-analysis. Besides, continuous vector analysis of mean centroid magnitudes was quantitatively analyzed to assess directional bias in refractive outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine retrospective clinical studies, including 1863 patients, 1959 eyes, and 19 calculation formulas, were identified. According to the ranking based on the surface under the cumulative ranking curve by the Bayesian method, the three highest ranking formulas are EVO MPCA (86.9%), Kane (81.8%), and Hoffer QST (75.9%) in PE within ±0.5D. In the range of 1.0D, the three highest ranking formulas are \"EVO MPCA\" (83.7%), \"Haigis\" (70.6%), and \"Kane\" (70.1%). As for the comparison of mean centroid, the highest three are \"Z CALC2 PPCA\" (87.0%), \"Holladay 2\" (79.3%), and \"ATCTCRP\" (78.8%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This network meta-analysis indicated that EVO MPCA formulas performed best among the 19 toric IOL power formulas.</p>","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"8136183"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13100809/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147774495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Supplements to Sight: Quantifying the Impact of Lutein and Carotenoid on Age-Related Macular Degeneration-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.","authors":"Wei-Xiang Wang, Chen-Chi Wang, Wei-Cherng Hsu, Yi-Jie Peng","doi":"10.1155/joph/2155378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/joph/2155378","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To quantify the effects of lutein-containing supplementation on structural and functional visual outcomes in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD), with particular focus on disease stage and treatment exposure.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A meta-analysis of randomized, placebo-controlled trials was conducted. Nine RCTs involving 860 participants were included. Eligible studies evaluated oral lutein alone or in combination with zeaxanthin or epilutein and reported pre- and post-treatment measurements of macular pigment optical density (MPOD) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA). Random-effects models were applied to calculate pooled effect sizes using Hedges' g. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were performed to explore stage-specific responses and dose-duration associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across the 9 RCTs, lutein-containing supplementation significantly improved MPOD (Hedges' g = -0.589, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and BCVA (Hedges' g = -0.827, <i>p</i> = 0.001). Improvements were predominantly observed in early-stage AMD, whereas no statistically significant benefit was detected in late-stage disease. Lutein monotherapy demonstrated greater visual benefit than combination regimens. Meta-regression analyses revealed significant positive associations between treatment effect and both supplementation duration and total lutein exposure. Contrast sensitivity and serum lutein concentrations also improved significantly.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lutein-based supplementation is associated with measurable structural and functional visual benefits in early-stage AMD. Treatment effects appear dose- and duration-dependent, while evidence in late-stage AMD remains limited. These findings support early intervention strategies and warrant further investigation into long-term therapeutic impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"2155378"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13101954/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147774545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid Plasma Reagin Tests of Serum, Cerebrospinal Fluid, and Aqueous Humor of Patients With Ocular Syphilis and AIDS.","authors":"Yingjie Wang, Zhuyun Qian, Yong Tao, Wenjun Kong","doi":"10.1155/joph/5291594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/joph/5291594","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The diagnosis of ocular syphilis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) remains challenging. This study aimed to evaluate the potential utility of aqueous humor (AH) RPR testing as an adjunctive diagnostic tool for assessing clinical manifestations and visual function in AIDS-associated ocular syphilis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective observational cohort study of 31 patients (42 eyes) with ocular syphilis and AIDS treated at Beijing You'an Hospital between 2022 and 2025, based on comprehensive ophthalmic and systemic evaluations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In patients with concurrent syphilis and AIDS, a higher pretreatment AH RPR reactivity level was associated with higher vitreous haze grades (OR = 4.10, 95% CI: 1.62-10.38, <i>p</i> = 0.003). Pretreatment serum, CSF, and AH RPR titers individually predicted macular chorioretinal involvement (AUC 0.76-0.85) and optic nerve involvement (AUC 0.62-0.78). Combining all three markers improved prediction for macular chorioretinal involvement (AUC 0.88) and for optic nerve involvement (AUC 0.79). RPR titers in serum, CSF, and AH were all significantly correlated with both pre- and posttreatment best-corrected visual acuity, indicating that higher titers were associated with worse visual function.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AH RPR can serve as a valuable adjunct for diagnosing ocular syphilis, as it indicates intraocular disease activity and informs treatment recommendations for the condition. <b>Trial Registration:</b> Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: 2200056954.</p>","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"5291594"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13101952/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147774469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating the Core Challenges of Atropine Therapy in Myopia: A Mechanistic and Clinical Analysis of Dose, Response, and Durability.","authors":"Qinling Jiang, Jing Yang, Xingwei Cao, Lin Mou","doi":"10.1155/joph/2644577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/joph/2644577","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Myopia has emerged as a major global public health concern. Atropine, recognized as one of the foremost interventions for myopia control, has been validated for its efficacy and safety through a multitude of clinical studies. This article examines the most recent advancements in understanding atropine's mechanisms of action, optimizing dosage, customizing treatment plans, and assessing its long-term effectiveness in managing myopia. While atropine has shown impressive clinical results, there are still significant knowledge gaps surrounding its mechanisms of action, the personalization of treatments, rebound effects following cessation, and ocular side effects. Future investigations should prioritize clarifying the mechanisms of atropine, developing pertinent biomarkers for guiding individualized therapies, and investigating integrated control strategies that combine atropine with other treatments to enhance long-lasting therapeutic benefits. As a crucial medication for the prevention and management of myopia, atropine holds significant promise for a holistic approach to myopia treatment, offering new insights and directions to tackle this public health challenge.</p>","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"2644577"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13097384/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147774512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual Outcomes and Patient Satisfaction After Implantation of Enhanced Versus Standard Monofocal Intraocular Lenses With a Myopic Target Refraction: A Retrospective Comparative Study.","authors":"Kyung-Sun Na, Jiyoung Emily Lee, Phil Kyu Lee, Hyun Seung Kim, Eun Chul Kim","doi":"10.1155/joph/5528302","DOIUrl":"10.1155/joph/5528302","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare the clinical outcomes of enhanced monofocal IOL (Eyhance) and monofocal IOL (TECNIS) implantation in cataract patients whose target refraction is myopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a retrospective chart review for patients who underwent cataract surgery and whose target refraction is myopia (-3 D). A total of 68 eyes were enrolled (34 patients enrolled: enhanced monofocal (Group 1) = 32 eyes, monofocal (Group 2) = 36 eyes; bilateral IOL implantation in each patient). For the primary endpoint, uncorrected and corrected near (UNVA and CNVA), intermediate (UIVA and CIVA), and distant (UDVA and CDVA) visual acuities; manifest refraction spherical equivalent (MRSE); and satisfaction score were evaluated before and 3 months after surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Postoperative CIVA was significantly better in Group 1 (0.09 ± 0.05 logMAR) compared to Group 2 (0.21 ± 0.22 logMAR; mean difference: 0.12 logMAR; <i>p</i> < 0.05). UNVA at 20 cm was also better in Group 1 (0.12 ± 0.14 logMAR) than in Group 2 (0.22 ± 0.14 logMAR; <i>p</i> < 0.05). Defocus testing identified between-group differences at -4.0 D without distant correction and at -1.5 to -2.0 D with distant correction, favoring Group 1 (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Overall patient satisfaction was significantly higher in Group 1 (<i>p</i> < 0.05), whereas contrast sensitivity did not differ significantly between the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Enhanced monofocal IOL with a myopic target showed better corrected intermediate vision and uncorrected very near vision at 20 cm compared with monofocal IOL. Overall satisfaction with enhanced monofocal IOL is also higher than with monofocal IOL.</p>","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"5528302"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13091005/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147723096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Use of Deep Learning in Distinguishing Chalazion and Eyelid Mass.","authors":"Anfei Li, Gabriella Schmuter, Shehroz Rana, Sayyada Hyder, Pratik Patel, Amy Hembree, Amylisa Philips, Simone Prather, Mark Curato, Kira Segal, Kyle J Godfrey, Gary Lelli","doi":"10.1155/joph/8878251","DOIUrl":"10.1155/joph/8878251","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Our study investigated the ability of artificial intelligence to differentiate eyelid lesions to support its potential use as a tool to better inform referrals to oculoplastic surgery specialists by other healthcare providers. Specifically, our study tested artificial intelligence's ability to distinguish benign chalazia from alternative eyelid masses that may require advanced subspecialized care with oculoplastic specialists.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective case-control study included 206 photographs of diagnosed chalazia from 183 patients and 517 photographs from 486 patients with non-chalazia eyelid lesions to train and test a convolutional neural network (CNN). Network architectures including VGG-16, VGG-19, ResNet50, Xception, and MobileNetV2 were trained. Their performances were compared using the area under the curve (AUC) as the main outcome metric. Additionally, performances of CNN models were compared to those of frontline physicians.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>VGG-16 and VGG-19 architectures achieved meaningful performance when trained with photographs of chalazion and eyelid mass achieving AUCs of 0.797 and 0.703, respectively. Adjusting detection thresholding allowed the VGG-16 and VGG-19 models to achieve sensitivity of 93% and 98% in predicting eyelid mass, respectively. This was an improvement over classification by frontline physicians who achieved an accuracy of 61% and a sensitivity of 65% for mass detection.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We showed that using a CNN trained with clinical external photographs could successfully distinguish a chalazion from an alternative eyelid mass, supporting its potential use as a tool for healthcare providers to assist in determining whether a mass requires oculoplastic referral for subspecialty care.</p>","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"8878251"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13089635/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147723080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Shallow Anterior Chamber on Postoperative Refractive Status in Patients of Age-Related Cataract.","authors":"Dongyan Xu, Shengnan Liu, Hui Zhang, Hui Dang, Wei Tang, Jing Wang","doi":"10.1155/joph/3854811","DOIUrl":"10.1155/joph/3854811","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess how shallow anterior chamber depth (ACD) affects refractive error (RE) after cataract surgery and compare modern intraocular lens (IOL) formulas in patients with normal axial length.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective study enrolled patients undergoing phacoemulsification with IOL implantation at Jinan No. 2 People's Hospital (June 2023-December 2024). Patients were divided based on ACD into two groups. Biometrics were measured using IOLMaster 700, and IOL power was calculated with the Barrett Universal II (BUII) formula. Patients were reassessed at 1 and 3 months postoperatively. We analyzed correlations between RE and biometrics and compared BUII, Kane, EVO 2.0, and Hill-RBF 3.0 formulas.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 103 patients were divided into two groups: shallow (ACD < 2.5 mm, <i>n</i> = 57) and normal (ACD 2.5-3.5 mm, <i>n</i> = 46). Group Shallow had significantly greater RE (+0.451 ± 0.328 vs. -0.002 ± 0.277 D; <i>p</i> < 0.001) and greater postoperative ACD deepening (2.19 ± 0.26 mm vs. 1.43 ± 0.25 mm; <i>p</i> < 0.001) than group normal. Hyperopic shift correlated negatively with preoperative ACD and positively with ACD change (both <i>p</i> < 0.001). In shallow eyes, all formulas showed a hyperopic tendency, but BUII had the lowest mean absolute error (0.470 D, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and highest proportion of eyes within ±0.50 D (54.39%). In normal eyes, all formulas performed comparably well.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Shallow ACD independently increases hyperopic shift risk. While all formulas are effective in normal eyes, BUII is superior in shallow chambers. Preoperative ACD and lens thickness assessment is crucial, and slight IOL power adjustment may optimize outcomes in shallow ACD cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"3854811"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13090566/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147723115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring Systemic Inflammatory Indices and Retinal Changes Over Time Following Initial Diagnosis of Diabetic Retinopathy.","authors":"Emre Aydın, Şaban Kılıç, Çiğdem Deniz Genç","doi":"10.1155/joph/5542064","DOIUrl":"10.1155/joph/5542064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate changes in systemic inflammatory indices and retinal structural parameters in newly diagnosed diabetic retinopathy (DR) patients before and after intravitreal anti-VEGF treatment.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A total of 308 participants (157 DR patients and 151 healthy controls) were enrolled. Systemic inflammatory status was assessed using hematologic indices derived from routine complete blood count parameters. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used to measure macular thickness. DR patients were evaluated at three time points: before treatment, 1 month, and 3 months after anti-VEGF injection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Baseline inflammatory indices (NLR, MLR, PLR, and SII) and macular thickness were significantly higher in the DR group compared to controls (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Following treatment, a progressive decrease in both inflammatory indices and macular thickness was observed. Pretreatment NLR and SII values showed high diagnostic performance in differentiating DR (AUC: 0.925 and 0.838, respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed that NLR, MLR, and HbA1c were independent predictors of macular thickness.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Systemic inflammatory activity is closely associated with both the onset and progression of DR. The evaluation of inflammatory indices such as NLR and SII together with OCT findings may support diagnosis and treatment follow-up in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"5542064"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13085114/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147723106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Clinical Outcomes of Different Orbitotomy Approaches in the Surgical Management of Orbital Tumors.","authors":"Karen Sevterteryan, Kamo Shaboyan, Gagik Hakobyan","doi":"10.1155/joph/9362866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/joph/9362866","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Optimal surgical management of orbital tumors requires precise selection of the surgical approach to achieve complete tumor removal while preserving visual function and maintaining cosmetic outcomes.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate and compare the clinical outcomes of different orbitotomy approaches-including lateral, inferior, supraorbital, and endoscopic endonasal techniques-in the surgical management of orbital tumors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective single-center study was conducted on 68 patients (36 men and 32 women; mean age: 42.1 ± 14.3 years) who underwent surgical treatment for orbital tumors between 2018 and 2024. Preoperative evaluation included comprehensive ophthalmologic examination, CT and MRI imaging, and histopathological confirmation. The choice of surgical approach was guided by tumor location: lateral orbitotomy (<i>n</i> = 17), inferior orbitotomy (<i>n</i> = 21), supraorbital orbitotomy (<i>n</i> = 14), and endoscopic endonasal approach (<i>n</i> = 16). Continuous variables are presented as mean ± SD. Paired <i>t</i>-tests and <i>χ</i> ² tests were used for statistical analysis, with <i>p</i> < 0.05 considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Visual acuity and ocular motility were preserved in 65 of 68 patients (95.6%). Mean postoperative orbital volume at six months was 26.31 ± 1.28 mL on the operated side and 25.71 ± 1.82 mL on the contralateral side, with no significant difference (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Globe projection differences were < 2 mm in 94.1% of patients. Postoperative complications were minimal, with only a few cases of transient diplopia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Selection of orbitotomy approach based on tumor localization allows safe and effective surgical management of orbital tumors. Both traditional and minimally invasive approaches can provide favorable functional and cosmetic outcomes when applied according to anatomical indications.</p>","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"9362866"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13075545/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147690372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Axial Length as a Risk Factor for Idiopathic Macular Hole: A Five-Year Prospective Study.","authors":"Yongwun Cho, Hayoung Byun, Woong-Sun Yoo, Inyoung Chung","doi":"10.1155/joph/5539015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/joph/5539015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This 5-year prospective follow-up study investigated whether short axial length influences the incidence of new idiopathic macular holes in fellow eyes of patients with unilateral macular hole. A total of 100 unilateral idiopathic macular hole patients and age- and sex-matched controls were followed for 5 years. The incidence of macular hole in the fellow eye was prospectively observed, and the mean axial length was compared between fellow eyes that developed new macular holes and those that did not. During the follow-up, 11 of 100 fellow eyes in unilateral macular hole patients developed a new macular hole, whereas no cases occurred in the control group. The mean axial length of fellow eyes with new macular hole was 21.42 ± 0.39 mm, significantly shorter than that of fellow eyes without new macular hole, which measured 22.98 ± 0.78 mm (<i>p</i> < 0.001). These findings demonstrate that short axial length is significantly associated with the development of new idiopathic macular holes in fellow eyes and provide prospective evidence supporting short axial length as a risk factor. Given its accessibility and practicality in clinical practice, axial length may serve as a useful parameter for identifying high-risk patients and guiding follow-up strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"5539015"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13067056/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147674529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}