Journal of Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"A Novel MATLAB-Based Quantification of Microincision Cyclotorsion and Its Impact on Myopic Astigmatism Correction in KLEx.","authors":"Jie Hou, Feng Rao, Yulin Lei, Jing Zhang, Yahui Dong","doi":"10.1155/joph/7176960","DOIUrl":"10.1155/joph/7176960","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To develop an automated image recognition method for the identification of corneal microincisions in keratorefractive lenticule extraction (KLEx) and assess microincisional cyclotorsion and its impact on postoperative astigmatism correction using vector analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 92 patients (184 eyes) who underwent KLEx. Postoperative slit-lamp images were analyzed using a custom MATLAB-based program. The cyclotorsion angle and direction of the microincisions were quantified. Vector analysis was used to evaluate postoperative astigmatism correction at one week, one month, and three months. Correlations between cyclotorsion magnitude and preoperative ocular parameters were analyzed, and astigmatic outcomes were compared between low (≤ 4°) and high (> 4°) cyclotorsion groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean absolute microincision cyclotorsion angle was 4.19° ± 2.92° (range: 0°-12.43°) in right eyes and 4.53° ± 3.36° (range: 0°-13.74°) in left eyes, with no significant interocular difference (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Outward incision cyclotorsion was observed in > 80% of eyes. No significant correlations were found between the cyclotorsion magnitude and preoperative parameters, including age, spherical equivalent, central corneal thickness, keratometry, or <i>Q</i> value (all <i>p</i> > 0.05). At 3 months, there were no significant differences in vector parameters between low and high cyclotorsion groups, though the correction index tended to be slightly lower in the high-cyclotorsion group (0.93° ± 0.32° vs. 1.04° ± 0.40°, <i>p</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>An automated MATLAB-based method can be used to quantify the cyclotorsional movement of microincisions in KLEx. The magnitude of corneal microincisional cyclotorsion does not appear to have a significant effect on the efficacy of corneal astigmatism correction.</p>","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"7176960"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13591015/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149016863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interocular Symmetry in Anterior Segment Parameters in Children With Intermittent Exotropia Observed by CASIA2 AS-OCT.","authors":"Jiawei Zhao, Xiaoli Qi, Xiaoyu Zeng, Song Lin, Kadiya Abudukeyimu, Luning Qin, Zong Yu, Nan Wei, Gang Ding, Xue Li, Jing Li, Ning Hua, Xuehan Qian","doi":"10.1155/joph/1051158","DOIUrl":"10.1155/joph/1051158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To explore the interocular symmetry of the anterior segment parameters in subjects with intermittent exotropia (IXT) and compare it with that in the normal subjects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 122 eyes of 61 subjects with IXT and 88 eyes of 44 normal subjects were enrolled. Central corneal thickness (CCT), the radii of curvature of the anterior and posterior lens (ALR and PLR), lens thickness (LT), lens equatorial diameter (DIA), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens tilt, and decentration were measured with CASIA2 AS-OCT; the parameters in IXT were measured again after cycloplegia. <i>T</i>-tests, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), and Bland-Altman plots were used to compare binocular differences and quantify symmetry. We compared the binocular symmetry between normal subjects and the subjects with IXT and the symmetry in different refractive states.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ICCs were high in CCT, ACD, ALR, and LT and moderate in PLR, DIA, lens tilt, and decentration in all subjects (<i>p</i> < 0.05). IXT after cycloplegia showed similar ICCs to those of normal subjects, while ICCs before cycloplegia were all below normal. In the Bland-Altman plot, the IXT group had a larger mean difference and more dispersed 95% confidence intervals than the normal group. The normal group had similar ICCs for different refractive states, but hyperopic subjects had smaller ICCs than myopic subjects in the IXT group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>IXT had lower binocular symmetry in the vision state than normal children, with the asymmetry being more pronounced in hyperopia. Binocular interocular asymmetry of children with IXT is of concern. <b>Trial Registration:</b> Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR2300075756.</p>","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"1051158"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13589196/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149008607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multivariable Prognostic Models for Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Rumaisa Aljied, Simran Saggu, Varun Chaudhary, Marie Pigeyre, Lauren E Griffith, Parminder Raina","doi":"10.1155/joph/9231744","DOIUrl":"10.1155/joph/9231744","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Prognostic prediction models for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are proliferating, driven by machine learning applied to retinal imaging. Although the methodological limitations of clinical prediction models are well recognized in general, AMD-specific multivariable prognostic models, as distinct from diagnostic or image-classification models, have not been appraised against contemporary prediction-model standards, with integrated assessment of outcome definitions, prediction horizons, calibration, validation design, and risk of bias.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To systematically identify and critically appraise multivariable prognostic models predicting progression from non-late to late AMD and to determine whether quantitative synthesis was appropriate, with emphasis on model design, predictors, performance reporting, validation, and risk of bias.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, and Embase from inception to April 2022, updated to December 2024, for studies developing, validating, or evaluating multivariable prognostic models for progression to late AMD. We extracted study population, outcomes, prediction horizons, predictors, modeling methods, performance measures, and validation approach and assessed risk of bias with PROBAST. Given substantial heterogeneity, findings were synthesized narratively in accordance with a prespecified conditional analysis plan (PROSPERO CRD42022323522).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Twenty studies were included. Models were derived from a small number of recurring cohorts, notably AREDS and HARBOR, of predominantly European ancestry; this limited population diversity was one of several constraints, alongside heterogeneous outcome definitions, infrequent calibration, and uncommon external validation. Approaches ranged from regression-based risk scores to deep learning applied to fundus photography, optical coherence tomography, or multimodal data. Because outcome definitions varied (composite late AMD, neovascular or exudative conversion, geographic atrophy or other atrophic endpoints, and treatment-initiation proxies), the observed AUC/c-statistic range (∼0.65-0.97) reflects differing prediction tasks rather than directly comparable performance. Calibration was addressed in six studies (30%), and fewer still met our definition of quantitative calibration. Imaging features and age were the most consistently retained predictors, and measures beyond discrimination were rare. Overfitting could not be excluded in several studies, as event counts, candidate-predictor numbers, use of shrinkage, and internal-validation procedures were incompletely reported. Ten of 20 studies were at low overall risk of bias, but calibration and external validation were uncommon across the evidence base as a whole.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Prognostic models for AMD progression are methodologically diverse but are drawn from few, homogeneous cohorts, with ","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"9231744"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13589163/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149008613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum Albumin as a Marker of Microvascular Burden in Diabetic Retinopathy: Mediation by Diabetic Nephropathy in Uncontrolled Diabetes.","authors":"Yabing Zhang, Jin Liu, Qiuli Yu, Xinjun Xue, Li Yuan","doi":"10.1155/joph/6568455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/joph/6568455","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study evaluated whether low serum albumin functions as an independent risk marker for diabetic retinopathy (DR) or primarily reflects renal microvascular damage, which frequently co-occurs with DR. We also re-examined the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as a candidate inflammatory marker.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional analysis of 1107 adults with diabetes from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2008. Three sequential logistic regression models were fitted: Model 1 (unadjusted), Model 2 (metabolic covariates), and Model 3 (Model 2 plus log-transformed urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio [UACR]). A mediation analysis with 2000 bootstrap resamples estimated the proportion of the albumin-DR association attributable to the UACR pathway in participants with HbA1c ≥ 7.0%. Sensitivity analyses applied the NHANES sampling weights, strata, and primary sampling units.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>DR was present in 356 of 1107 participants (32.2%; 29.0% after weighting to the U.S. population). Each 1 g/dL increase in serum albumin was associated with a 39% reduction in the odds of DR in the unadjusted model (OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.41-0.89). The association attenuated after adjustment for metabolic and renal covariates (Model 3 OR 0.82, <i>p</i> = 0.399). In the HbA1c ≥ 7.0% subgroup (<i>N</i> = 502), Model 2 yielded an OR of 0.45 per 1 g/dL (95% CI 0.23-0.87, <i>p</i> = 0.019), which attenuated to 0.56 (<i>p</i> = 0.107) once UACR was added. Weighted models gave the same pattern (Model 2 OR 0.41, 95% CI 0.17-0.99, <i>p</i> = 0.047; Model 3 OR 0.44, <i>p</i> = 0.078). The indirect association through UACR was statistically significant (OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.61-0.92; bootstrap <i>p</i> < 0.001), giving a proportion mediated of 34.4%. NLR was not associated with DR in any adjusted model.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In poorly controlled diabetes, low serum albumin behaved as a downstream marker of systemic microvascular leakage, with much of its association with DR mediated by concurrent renal damage. The design is cross-sectional, so the temporal ordering assumed by mediation analysis cannot be verified and these estimates remain associational. Low albumin in this setting should still prompt assessment of the kidney and the retina at the same visit.</p>","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"6568455"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13579243/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148990440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of the Efficacy, Safety, and Corneal Dynamics of Overnight Orthokeratology in Teenagers and Adults With Myopia: A Prospective, Open-Label Study in Taiwan.","authors":"Shiuh-Liang Hsu, Chien-Liang Wu, Maylee Huang, Po-Yen Lee, Li-Yi Chiu","doi":"10.1155/joph/6043551","DOIUrl":"10.1155/joph/6043551","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Myopia is a global public health concern, and its prevalence has been increasing year by year worldwide. Orthokeratology uses gas-permeable contact lenses to reshape the corneal contour and correct low-to-moderate myopia. Orthokeratology has also been shown to reduce myopia progression in children. For adults, ortho-K lenses remain a viable option for myopia correction; however, their usage rate is relatively low due to maintenance difficulties and safety concerns. To date, few studies have compared the efficacy, safety, and corneal dynamics of ortho-K use between teenagers and adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Subjects with myopia of either sex aged between 12 and 65 years were enrolled in this prospective open-label study. The subjects were fitted with Progressive Boston Orthokeratology Shaping Lenses for overnight wear and were instructed to wear (before going to sleep) the lenses for > 7 h each night and remove them in the morning, for 9 months. Manifest refraction spherical equivalent (MRSE) and uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 68 subjects (134 eyes) completed the study, and of these, 15 (22.06%) subjects were teenagers (≤ 19 years) and 53 (77.94%) subjects were adults (> 19 years). In the teenager and adult groups, the mean MRSE changed from -2.84 D and -3.31 D at baseline to approximately 0.0 D in both groups at 9 months. UCVA improved significantly in both groups, reaching approximately Snellen 20/20 (logMAR 0) within the first few weeks of treatment and remaining stable throughout the study period. No clinically significant increases in intraocular pressure were observed during treatment, and endothelial cell density remained clinically stable. Mild corneal staining occurred in a small number of examinations and resolved with conservative management. After discontinuation, both MRSE and UCVA in both groups quickly returned to baseline by Week 4.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that orthokeratology is an effective option for temporary correction of low-to-moderate myopia in both teenagers and adults. Within the limitations of the sample size, orthokeratology may be considered a safe and effective myopia correction option for adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"6043551"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13542566/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148897328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations Between Baseline Biomarkers and Functional Outcomes in Patients With Diabetic Macular Edema After Anti-VEGF Treatment.","authors":"Yi Cai, Lina Lv, Ziyi Wei, Yi Gao, Zeming Wu, Yanan Wang, Yong Liu, Rongrong Li","doi":"10.1155/joph/5243432","DOIUrl":"10.1155/joph/5243432","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To investigate associations between baseline structural and functional biomarkers and 6-month post-treatment best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) among patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) receiving intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Data from patients treated at Hebei Eye Hospital between December 2022 and January 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. Baseline biomarkers, including the disruption of the external limiting membrane (ELM) and ellipsoid zone (EZ), disorganization of retinal inner layers (DRIL), and epiretinal membrane (ERM) on spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), as well as the amplitude and implicit time of N1 and P1 waves in multifocal electroretinography (mfERG), were collected. The associations between these biomarkers and BCVA after anti-VEGF treatment were then assessed. Linear regression analysis was applied to quantify the correlations between baseline SD-OCT morphological biomarkers and 6-month anti-VEGF visual therapeutic efficacy. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the efficacy of anti-VEGF treatment and baseline mfERG biomarkers.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 87 eligible DME patients completed three monthly anti-VEGF loading injections and 6-month follow-up, including 48 patients in the response group and 39 in the nonresponse group. Linear regression assessed whether baseline retinal layer disruption predicted 6-month visual response and revealed that extensive ELM (&lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt; = 2.914, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.004) and EZ (&lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt; = 2.112, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.036) disruption at baseline and extensive DRIL (&lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt; = 2.922, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.004) were associated with nonresponse defined as &lt; 3 lines of BCVA improvement at 6 months after the final anti-VEGF injection. A multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that, for an N1 implicit time of R1, each 1-ms reduction in N1 implicit time for Ring 1 corresponded to an adjusted odds ratio of 1.252 for favorable visual response (95% CI [1.101, 1.422], &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.001) after anti-VEGF treatment. The results were the same for an N1 implicit time of R2 (1.111, 95% CI [1.028, 1.201], &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.008), a P1 implicit time of R1 (1.049, 95% CI [0.998, 1.102], &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.029), and a P1 implicit time of R2 (1.105, 95% CI [1.012, 1.206], &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.025).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Baseline SD-OCT and mfERG biomarkers were significantly associated with anti-VEGF treatment outcomes in this DME cohort. Shorter N1 and P1 implicit times in the first and second mfERG rings were correlated with favorable treatment responses, while extensive disruption of ELM and EZ, severe DRIL, and the presence of tractional ERM were linked to poorer anti-VEGF responses. These structural and functional biomarkers may offer potential prognostic reference value for evaluating treatment prognosis. Further large-sample and prospective studies are still required to validate their clinical ","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"5243432"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13536485/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148880872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to \"Comparison of the Effect of and Compliance With Cyclosporine 0.1% After Various Pretreatments in Dry Eye Disease\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1155/joph/9794683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/joph/9794683","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/joph/6744482.].</p>","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"9794683"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13534553/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148880937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Guideline Knowledge Alignment of Large Language Models in Ophthalmology: A Preclinical Benchmarking Study on KLEx Evidence-Based Guidelines.","authors":"Hongxia Lu, Yan Huo, Ruisi Xie, Zhengyuan Qu, Yutong Li, Shengjin Wang, Haohan Zou, Yan Wang","doi":"10.1155/joph/4163980","DOIUrl":"10.1155/joph/4163980","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the guideline knowledge alignment of two large language models (LLMs), GPT-5.5 Instant and DeepSeek-V4, and to determine their preclinical reliability as reference tools in refractive surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using the 38 evidence-based recommendations of the international keratorefractive lenticule extraction (KLEx) guidelines as the gold standard, both LLMs were evaluated in their default configurations. Two ophthalmologists independently assessed the clinical safety and medical accuracy of the model responses using a 5-point Likert scale (1-5 points). Agreement between each model's recommendation strength and the guideline was quantified by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), structural reliability by the DISCERN scale, and readability by the Flesch Reading Ease (FRE) and Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL) indices.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Likert ratings did not differ between GPT-5.5 Instant (4.96 ± 0.206) and DeepSeek-V4 (4.89 ± 0.385; <i>p</i> = 0.134). Across 114 independent generations, the ICC for agreement with the guideline was 0.884 (95% CI, 0.836-0.918) for GPT-5.5 Instant and 0.739 (0.640-0.813) for DeepSeek-V4 (both <i>p</i> < 0.001). DISCERN scores were 70.18 ± 5.16 and 68.05 ± 5.41 (<i>p</i> = 0.085); FRE, 9.93 ± 8.33 and 3.74 ± 5.24 (<i>p</i> < 0.001); and FKGL, 16.07 ± 2.21 and 18.95 ± 1.96 (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both models aligned closely with the guidelines, with significant concordance in GRADE-based recommendation strength. They may serve as preclinical reference tools in refractive surgery but not as a substitute for specialist judgment.</p>","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"4163980"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13525438/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148857314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracy of 8 Intraocular Lens Power Calculation Formulas in Eyes Undergoing Combined Phacovitrectomy.","authors":"Shiming Cheng, Xi Li, Qiong Yan, Jianqi Mei, Jiasheng Zhang, Guilian Shi, Junhai Lin, Tiantian Li, Ronghan Wu, A-Yong Yu","doi":"10.1155/joph/6375056","DOIUrl":"10.1155/joph/6375056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate prediction accuracy using the 4 new-generation formulas (Barrett Universal II (BUII), Emmetropia Verifying Optical 2.0 (EVO), Kane, and Ladas Super Formula (LSF)) and 4 traditional formulas (Haigis, Hoffer Q, Holladay 1, and SRK/T) in eyes undergoing combined phacovitrectomy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a retrospective case series study. In total, 249 eyes of 249 patients undergoing combined phacovitrectomy were enrolled. A single-piece foldable monofocal IOL was implanted in each case. The patients were categorized into three subgroups according to axial length (AL) results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, the 4 new-generation formulas obtained lower mean absolute prediction error (MAE) and median absolute prediction error (MedAE) of 0.42 D to 0.45 D and 0.33 D to 0.36, and higher percentage of prediction error (PE) within ± 0.50 D (65.46%-67.87%). Regarding short eyes, the Haigis formula showed the lowest MedAE of 0.34 D and the highest percentage of PE within ± 0.50 D (68.42%) with no statistical difference, and satisfactory accuracy was achieved using all formulas (all <i>p</i> > 0.05). All formulas displayed better accuracy in medium eyes with lower MAE (0.41 D to 0.46 D), lower MedAE (0.33 D to 0.37 D), and higher percentage of PE within ± 0.50 D (62.42%-69.09%) except for Hoffer Q. Both EVO and BUII formulas revealed higher accuracy in long eyes with lower MAE (0.38 D to 0.41 D), lower MedAE ranging from 0.31 D to 0.33 D, and higher percentage of PE within ± 0.50 D of both 71.74%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The 4 new-generation formulas showed higher accuracy overall, and higher accuracy was achieved using EVO and BUII formulas in long eyes. All formulas revealed satisfactory accuracy in short eyes. All formulas displayed better accuracy in medium eyes except for Hoffer Q.</p>","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"6375056"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13520780/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148840426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glycosylation-Associated Macrophage Signatures Define a Diagnostic Model for Diabetic Retinopathy via Single-Cell Analysis.","authors":"Zhujuan Pan, Shaobo Zhou, Wenjuan Qi, Jing Wang, Yan Luo, Feihong Fan","doi":"10.1155/joph/7199483","DOIUrl":"10.1155/joph/7199483","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains a leading cause of vision loss, with macrophages and glycosylation dysregulation implicated in DR pathogenesis. However, the potential as diagnostic biomarkers has been rarely investigated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We integrated single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets to profile DR cell landscapes. The immune cell heterogeneity was dissected, and glycosylation-related transcriptional programs were delineated in DR. Machine learning-based diagnostic modeling was also conducted to identify macrophage differentiation-related glycosylation genes (MDRGGs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Macrophages exhibited elevated abundance in proliferative DR and showed intense interactions with other monocytes. Endothelial cells were subdivided into four subtypes, with Endo_KCNQ3 representing a dominant proliferative and highly glycosylated phenotype. Monocytes were clustered into three subtypes; Mono_RGS1 emerged as a transitional phenotype in the monocyte-to-macrophage trajectory. Macro_MIR181A1HG was identified as a proliferative and glycosylation-active macrophage subset. A total of 100 MDRGGs were identified. Among them, seven hub genes (AKAP13, SRGAP2, AFF1, ARHGAP24, RNF149, PTK2B, ATP1B3) were incorporated into a diagnostic model. The model achieved high predictive accuracy in both training and external validation cohorts (AUC > 0.85) and was further validated via nomogram and decision curve analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Glycosylation is closely associated with macrophage heterogeneity in DR. A seven-gene MDRGG-based diagnostic model demonstrated robust diagnostic performance in DR.</p>","PeriodicalId":16674,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"7199483"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13520116/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148840526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}