Microbiology&Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"BIOSURFACTANTS OF MARINE MICROORGANISMS: ІІІ. APPLICATIONS IN INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGIES","authors":"B. M. Galkin, М. О. Finogenova, M. Galkin, A. Semenets, T. Filipova","doi":"10.18524/2307-4663.2022.2(55).262605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18524/2307-4663.2022.2(55).262605","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Surface-active compounds (SAC) and emulsifiers, due to their ability to reduce interfacial tension, are widely used in various industries. Most of the SAC used today are produced from non-renewable petrochemical raw materials and are not safe for living beings and the environment. Biosurfactants (BS) are synthesized by microorganisms from renewable raw materials, in particular, from food industry waste, they are a promising alternative to chemical surfactants due to their biological transformation and environmental friendliness. The advantage of BS produced by marine microbiota is that they exhibit their activity over a wide range of temperatures, pH and salinity. It is shown that these biosurfactants, in addition to surface-active properties, often have other types of activity: antimicrobial, antibiofilm, antioxidant. It has been established that biosurfactants of marine microorganisms can be widely used in industries such as the production of hygiene products, pharmaceuticals, cosmetology, food industry, agriculture, bioremediation, and oil production.","PeriodicalId":166598,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology&Biotechnology","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115556828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RESISTANCE TO HEAVY METALS OF ACTINOBACTERIA ISOLATED FROM THE BIOLOGICAL FOULING OF SHELLFISH AND MUSSELS OF THE ODESA GULF OF THE BLACK SEA","authors":"I. V. Strashnova, K. S. Potapenko, N. Vasylieva, N. Korotaeva, I. P. Metelitsyna","doi":"10.18524/2307-4663.2022.2(55).261749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18524/2307-4663.2022.2(55).261749","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryEnvironmental pollution with heavy metals/metalloids is one of the most important environmental problems, which leads to the development of bioremediation strategies and the search for biomarkers to assess its condition. Aim. To determine the sensitivity to heavy metals of actinobacteria isolated from the biological fouling of natural shell rock and mussels of the Odesa gulf of the Black Sea. Methods. Thirty-four strains of actinobacteria isolated from fouling of shell rock and mussels of the Odesa gulf were used in the investigation. The sensitivity of the studied bacteria to heavy metal cations was determined on starch-casein agar by the disk diffusion method. Discs impregnated with salts solutions of Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cd2+, Zn2+ in concentrations of 0.001 mol/l, 0.01 mol/l, 0.05 mol/l, 0.1 mol/l, 0.5 mol/l and 1.0 mol/l were used. Results. The investigated actinobacteria showed variable sensitivity to heavy metals, which depended on the source of isolation, strain, type of metal and its concentration. All tested bacteria were most sensitive to Cd2+ (MIC was 0.001 mol/l), the most resistant to Zn2+ (MIC was higher than 1.0 mol/l for the vast majority of bacteria). At concentrations lower than the MIC, zinc stimulated the formation of aerial mycelium of almost all strains, and pigment formation increased in some of them. The sensitivity to heavy metals of actinobacteria isolated from shellfish decreased in the following sequence: Cd2+>Cu2+>Co2+>Ni2+>Zn2+, and in actinobacteria isolated from mussels – Cd2+>Cu2+>Ni2+>Co2+>Zn2+. Conclusions. Actinobacteria isolated from mussels are more sensitive to cadmium, cuprum, cobalt, nickel and zinc, compared with actinobacteria from shell rock. All studied strains were highly sensitive to Cd2+ (MIC Cd2+ for almost all strains was 0.001 mol/l) and resistant to Zn2+ in the concentration range of 0.001 mol/l – 0.5 mol/l.","PeriodicalId":166598,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology&Biotechnology","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122366416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ISOLATION AND CHARACTERISTICS OF BACTERIA CITROBACTER SP. SR35 FROM A COAL MINE WASTE DUMP","authors":"S. Komplikevych, O. Maslovska, N. Meniv, N. M. Kulishko, O. R. Ishchak, S. Hnatush","doi":"10.18524/2307-4663.2022.2(55).263463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18524/2307-4663.2022.2(55).263463","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryBacteria of the genus Citrobacter are found in soil, water, the intestinal tract of animals, human clinical samples (urine, sputum, blood, wound drainage, etc.), also in wastewaters and waste dumps of mines. Gram-negative bacteria SR35, capable of reducing sulfur and sulfate ions, were isolated from the waste dump of the Nadiya coal mine, Chervonograd Mining and Industrial district (Lviv region, Ukraine). The work aimed to identify and study morphological, physical and chemical properties (cell shape, size, Gram staining, sporulation, motility, oxygen requirements, ability to form H2S, utilization of carbon sources, catalase activity, oxidase activity) of isolate SR35. Methods. We used standard microbiological and biochemical research methods (microbial culture, microscopy methods, determination of amilase, lipase activity). Chromosomal DNA was isolated by the method of soft lysis. The 16S rRNA gene was amplified using universal primers 27F and 1492R. It was sequenced by the Sanger method. Phylogenetic reconstruction was performed using the MEGA X program. Identification of isolates was carried out based on both the sequence of the 16S rRNA gene and physiological and biochemical properties. Results. The studied bacteria are rods (0.5–0.8×1.5–2.0μm), which form chains and are capable of reducing nitrate and sulfate ions and assimilating several carbon sources. Glucose, lactose, mannose, mannitol, and inositol are fermented with the formation of acid. Motile. Catalase positive, oxidase negative. Form H2S during growth in Kligler’s medium. According to the results of pairwise alignment of the isolate’s 16S rRNA gene sequence, the highest percentage of identity with representatives of the genus Citrobacter was established (99.23–99.86% identity, coverage 98%) and it was confirmed by phylogenetic reconstruction. Citrobacter sp. SR35 is resistant to 2 μM cadmium (II), 5 mM iron (II), 0.25 mM cobalt (II), 10 mM manganese (II), 0.5 mM copper (II), and 0.1 mM chromium (VI). Conclusions. According to the results of sequencing of the 16S rRNA (accession number GenBank OP279754) gene, and physiological, and biochemical characteristics (oxidase, catalase, metabolism of carbon sources, production of H2S, etc.), it was established that isolate SR35 belongs to the genus Citrobacter.","PeriodicalId":166598,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology&Biotechnology","volume":"154 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132315820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BIOSURFACTANTS FROM MARINE MICROORGANISMS: II APPLICATION IN MEDICINE","authors":"B. Galkin, M. O. Finogenova, A. Semenets, M. Galkin, T. Filipova","doi":"10.18524/2307-4663.2022.1(54).252478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18524/2307-4663.2022.1(54).252478","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryMarine microorganisms have unique metabolic and physiological characteristics and are an important source of new biomolecules such as biosurfactants. Many surfactants are synthesized by marine microorganisms and exhibit antimicrobial, antiadhesive and antibiofilm activity against a wide range of pathogenic microorganisms resistant to antibiotics and antimicrobial drugs. Biosurfactants exhibit anticancer activity and can be considered as an alternative to traditional therapy for cancer. This review examines the most important biosurfactants produced by marine microorganisms that can be used in medicine as alternatives to existing drugs.","PeriodicalId":166598,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology&Biotechnology","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126497847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BIOCIDAL EFFECTS OF METABOLITES OF STREPTOMYCES GLOBISPORUS 3-1 AND STREPTOMYCES CYANOGENUS S136 STRAINS","authors":"S. L. Golembiovska, L. Polishchuk, O. Bambura","doi":"10.18524/2307-4663.2022.1(54).254323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18524/2307-4663.2022.1(54).254323","url":null,"abstract":"Research of the biocide action of streptomycete-antagonist metabolites on the causative agent of bacterial canker of tomato and on the host-plant fertility is the actual question. \u0000Aim. To determine the action of metabolites of Streptomyces globisporus 3-1 and Streptomyces cyanogenus S136 on the phytopathogen Clavibacter michiganensis 102 in vitro and on seed germination, growth and yield of tomatoes in vivo. \u0000Methods. Microbiological methods in laboratory conditions and descriptive-comparative analysis of growth and development of tomatoes in hothouse conditions were used. \u0000Results. S. globisporus 3-1 and S. cyanogenus S136 metabolites inhibited the growth of the phytopathogen C. michiganensis 102 with the formation of clean zones 45 and 35 mm in vitro, respectively. Pre-sowing treatment with metabolites of S. globisporus 3-1 and S. cyanogenus S136 of tomatoes Lana seeds reduced germination by 27% for both and led to defects in leaf shape and plant sterility, respectively. Treatment by metabolites of both Streptomyces strains of phytopathogen infected seeds did not improve germination, growth, and yield compared to grown plants from infected seeds, though it were visually not defective, sterile and with signs of bacterial canker of tomato. \u0000Conclusion. It was found that metabolites of S. globisporus 3-1 and S. cyanogenus S136 had a biocide action on the phytopathogen C. michiganensis 102 in vitro and on Lana tomatoes in hothouse conditions.","PeriodicalId":166598,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology&Biotechnology","volume":"150 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127605505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANTAGONISTIC ACTIVITY OF LACTOBACILLI PROBIOTIC STRAINS IN CO-CULTIVATION","authors":"I. V. Strashnova, G. Yamborko, N. Vasylieva","doi":"10.18524/2307-4663.2022.1(54).254024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18524/2307-4663.2022.1(54).254024","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryAim. To investigate the antagonistic properties of multistrain compositions and consortia created on the basis of probiotic strains of bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus. \u0000Methods. A biocompatibility was investigated by co-cultivation of lactobacilli strains on MRS-agar medium. To create the compositions used separately grown daily broth cultures in certain proportions, to create consortia - strains of lactobacilli in the appropriate proportions were cultivated together in MRS broth during 24 h. The antagonistic activity of the created combinations against 10 test cultures was determined by the well-diffusion method. \u0000Results. According to the results of biocompatibility studies, strains of Lactobacillus spp. 175, M2 and M3 were selected. These strains were basis for creation 7 compositions and 7 consortia with certain ratios of broth cultures of these strains. Lactobacilli in the compositions show slightly better antimicrobial properties compared to consortia. The composition of Lactobacillus sp. M2 + Lactobacillus sp. M3 + Lactobacillus  sp. 175 in a ratio of 1: 2: 2 showed the best antagonistic activity against all test strains of microorganisms. \u0000Conclusions. Created on the basis of probiotic strains of Lactobacillus spp. 175, M2 and M3 compositions and consortia are strong antagonists of different test cultures. Manifestation of activity depends on the method of combining strains in combination, the best effect is achieved by growing each strain separately with subsequent mixing of broth cultures. The most antagonistically active is a composition based on broth cultures of Lactobacillus sp. M2 + Lactobacillus sp. M3 + Lactobacillus sp. 175 in a ratio of 1: 2: 2.","PeriodicalId":166598,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology&Biotechnology","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124855116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PHAGES OF BACTERIА OF THE GENUS BACILLUS ISOLATED FROM THE AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT","authors":"D. S. Smalchuk, T. Ivanytsia, I. V. Strashnova","doi":"10.18524/2307-4663.2022.1(54).219213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18524/2307-4663.2022.1(54).219213","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryDespite the fact that bacteria of the genus Bacillus isolated from the soil have been studied for centuries, there are still topics that are not sufficiently covered or need further research. Most often, members of the genus Bacillus are isolated from soil or food. In recent years, these bacteria have begun to isolate from various aquatic biocenoses of ecosystems of oceans, seas, estuaries, lakes, rivers. Studies of such isolates indicate that bacteria of almost all species of the genus Bacillus are infected with bacteriophages of the order Caudovirales, which have caudal processes, integrase and excision systems necessary for the lysogenic development cycle. Although most of the bacteriophages found belong to the order Caudovirales, they have a wide range of differences, such as the relationship to temperature and pH, the impact on metabolism and sporulation of the host. The review presents data from the modern literature on bacteriophages that infect bacteria of the genus Bacillus isolated from aquatic biocenoses, features of their structure, chemical composition, genome structure and interaction with the host cell.","PeriodicalId":166598,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology&Biotechnology","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130609483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}