PHAGES OF BACTERIА OF THE GENUS BACILLUS ISOLATED FROM THE AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT

Abstract

SummaryDespite the fact that bacteria of the genus Bacillus isolated from the soil have been studied for centuries, there are still topics that are not sufficiently covered or need further research. Most often, members of the genus Bacillus are isolated from soil or food. In recent years, these bacteria have begun to isolate from various aquatic biocenoses of ecosystems of oceans, seas, estuaries, lakes, rivers. Studies of such isolates indicate that bacteria of almost all species of the genus Bacillus are infected with bacteriophages of the order Caudovirales, which have caudal processes, integrase and excision systems necessary for the lysogenic development cycle. Although most of the bacteriophages found belong to the order Caudovirales, they have a wide range of differences, such as the relationship to temperature and pH, the impact on metabolism and sporulation of the host. The review presents data from the modern literature on bacteriophages that infect bacteria of the genus Bacillus isolated from aquatic biocenoses, features of their structure, chemical composition, genome structure and interaction with the host cell.