Journal of nematology最新文献

Papaya seed extract for management of Radopholus similis on Anthurium. 番木瓜种子提取物在红掌上管理的应用。

IF 1.4 4区生物学

Journal of nematology Pub Date : 2026-05-05 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/jofnem-2026-0003

Lauren Braley, Roxana Myers, Roshan Paudel, Wei Wen Su, Koon-Hui Wang

{"title":"Papaya seed extract for management of Radopholus similis on Anthurium.","authors":"Lauren Braley, Roxana Myers, Roshan Paudel, Wei Wen Su, Koon-Hui Wang","doi":"10.2478/jofnem-2026-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2026-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Anthurium cut flowers are an economically important ornamental crop in Hawai'i, but their production is threatened by the burrowing nematode, Radopholus similis, which reduces yield and increases production costs. This study evaluated the nematicidal potential of crude extract from ground papaya seed (PGS CE), a local agricultural by-product that contains glucosinolates that hydrolyze into benzyl isothiocyanate, active against R. similis. Greenhouse trials demonstrated that monthly drenches with 0.5 or 1.0% PGS CE significantly reduced R. similis population densities in both roots and cinder media, decreased root lesion severity, and increased leaf production without phytotoxicity or adverse effects on free-living bacterivorous nematodes. While 1.0% PGS CE slightly reduced plant biomass, 0.5% PGS CE improved plant growth and flower production. Regression analysis supported the link between nematode suppression and enhanced anthurium health. Thus, PGS CE presents a sustainable, locally available, and effective biofumigant for nematode management in anthurium, warranting further optimization and future field-scale validation.","PeriodicalId":16475,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nematology","volume":"58 1","pages":"116-125"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13148781/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147839156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nematophagous Hyalorbilia spp. isolated from Heterodera schachtii in California parasitize Heterodera glycines. 从加州沙氏异线虫分离的噬线虫透明菌寄生于甘氨酸异线虫。

IF 1.4 4区生物学

Journal of nematology Pub Date : 2026-04-28 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/jofnem-2026-0009

Jennifer Smith Becker, James Borneman, Jiue-In Yang, Jörn Ole Becker

{"title":"Nematophagous Hyalorbilia spp. isolated from Heterodera schachtii in California parasitize Heterodera glycines.","authors":"Jennifer Smith Becker, James Borneman, Jiue-In Yang, Jörn Ole Becker","doi":"10.2478/jofnem-2026-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2026-0009","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this study is to test whether parasitic Hyalorbilia spp., isolated from sugarbeet cyst nematodes (Heterodera schachtii) in California, could also suppress soybean cyst nematodes (H. glycines). Three H. oviparasitica clade strains, DoUCR50, HsImV27, and ARF18-L, were cultured in powdered peat for use in greenhouse nematode suppression tests. Soils were amended with 500 CFU/cm3 of each fungal strain or autoclaved peat inoculum as a control, seeded with soybeans (Glycine max cv. Williams 82), and 3 weeks later, inoculated with 250 J2 of H. glycines. After 1,260 degree days, cysts and females were collected by flotation sieving and enumerated. DoUCR50, HsImV27, and ARF18-L reduced cysts and females of H. glycines by 73, 87, and 0%, respectively. Egg parasitism was tested by incubating eggs of H. schachtii and H. glycines on water agar cultures of DoUCR50 and HsImV27. Individual eggs of H. schachtii or H. glycines were parasitized by DoUCR50 at rates of 15 or 13%, respectively. Eggs placed in pairs were parasitized at 38 and 43%, while eggs placed in groups of four were parasitized at 70 and 63%, respectively. HsImV27 parasitized fewer than 10% of eggs of either nematode, regardless of egg group size. Both DoUCR50 and HsImV27 were observed to parasitize white females of H. glycines and H. schachtii in tissue culture.","PeriodicalId":16475,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nematology","volume":"58 1","pages":"94-103"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13127828/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147816252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Description of Pristionchus endotocus n. sp., a new obligately bagging androdioecious species from the Philippines. 菲律宾专装袋雄性异雄新种内托棱蚊的描述。

IF 1.4 4区生物学

Journal of nematology Pub Date : 2026-04-28 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/jofnem-2026-0007

Berke Güner, Natsumi Kanzaki, Christian Weiler, Christian Rödelsperger, Nanette Hope N Sumaya, Ralf J Sommer, Matthias Herrmann

{"title":"Description of Pristionchus endotocus n. sp., a new obligately bagging androdioecious species from the Philippines.","authors":"Berke Güner, Natsumi Kanzaki, Christian Weiler, Christian Rödelsperger, Nanette Hope N Sumaya, Ralf J Sommer, Matthias Herrmann","doi":"10.2478/jofnem-2026-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2026-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Pristionchus pacificus is an important model organism with a well-developed suite of molecular tools and a genomic dataset. Studies that integrate population genetics, ecology, and evo-devo in P. pacificus are supported by an extensive and robust phylogeny consisting of more than 50 Pristionchus species and close to 3,000 strains. Asia by and large has emerged as the biodiversity hot spot of the genus, becoming the focus of recent sampling efforts for Pristionchus isolates. Here, we describe a new androdioecious species of Pristionchus discovered in recent samplings in the Philippines based on a combination of molecular markers, morphological and morphometric data, and mating experiments. All strains of the new species were collected from Scarabeoid beetles in the Philippines and are basal to a sub-clade of the maupasi clade. Pristionchus endotocus n. sp. exhibits constant bagging and a strong bias toward the stenostomatous morph under laboratory conditions and might therefore provide an additional reference point for life history trait studies in Pristionchus.","PeriodicalId":16475,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nematology","volume":"58 1","pages":"78-93"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13127830/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147816309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Growth and defense enzyme responses of grafted cucurbit crops to varying initial populations of Meloidogyne incognita. 嫁接瓜类作物对不同初始种群的生长和防御酶反应。

IF 1.4 4区生物学

Journal of nematology Pub Date : 2026-04-28 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/jofnem-2026-0006

Hosny H Kesba, Sherif M El-Ganainy, Nourhan M M Hassnin, Ali H H Ali

{"title":"Growth and defense enzyme responses of grafted cucurbit crops to varying initial populations of Meloidogyne incognita.","authors":"Hosny H Kesba, Sherif M El-Ganainy, Nourhan M M Hassnin, Ali H H Ali","doi":"10.2478/jofnem-2026-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2026-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) is among the most serious constraints to cucurbit crop production worldwide. This study evaluated the effects of different initial population densities (0, 1,000, 2,000, 4,000, and 8,000 second-stage juveniles [J 2]/plant) on nematode development, reproduction, plant growth, and defense-related enzyme activities in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus, cv. Aswan F1) and sweet melon (Cucumis melo, cv. Faransawy) hybrids, their grafted combinations, and the resistant rootstocks 6001 F1 and BS F1. Plants were grown in sterilized sandy-loam soil under greenhouse conditions, and nematode parameters, including gall index, females per root system, egg masses per root, final population (Pf), reproduction factor, penetration rate, and reproduction rate were assessed 60 days after inoculation. Both host genotype and inoculum density significantly (P < 0.001) affected nematode reproduction and plant growth traits. Resistant rootstocks and their grafted scions consistently exhibited lower Pf/Pi ratios, fewer galls, reduced shoot weight losses, and significantly higher peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activities compared to susceptible cultivars. These findings demonstrate that combining resistant rootstocks with grafting can effectively suppress M. incognita multiplication and associated growth losses, while enzyme activity profiling provides a useful biochemical indicator of partial resistance in cucurbit breeding and management programs.","PeriodicalId":16475,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nematology","volume":"58 1","pages":"104-115"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13127829/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147816270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beech leaf disease symptom detection using deep learning and computer vision tools. 利用深度学习和计算机视觉工具检测山毛榉叶病症状。

IF 1.4 4区生物学

Journal of nematology Pub Date : 2026-04-27 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/jofnem-2026-0011

Benjamin D Waldo, Paulo Vieira, Matthew A Borden, Shiguang Li

{"title":"Beech leaf disease symptom detection using deep learning and computer vision tools.","authors":"Benjamin D Waldo, Paulo Vieira, Matthew A Borden, Shiguang Li","doi":"10.2478/jofnem-2026-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2026-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Beech leaf disease (BLD) has rapidly emerged as a significant threat to forests across the eastern United States and Canada, and early detection is a major challenge. Current surveillance relies on visual identification of characteristic leaf banding, a method that can miss early infections. To address this limitation, we developed deep learning models capable of distinguishing between BLD symptomatic leaves and asymptomatic leaves. A primary dataset of symptomatic and asymptomatic leaves collected in Maryland (Dataset I) was used for model development, and an independent set of images collected in North Carolina, Ohio, and New England (Dataset II) provided real-world validation. In Dataset I model testing, EfficientNetV2-Small was the most accurate model (100%), followed by ResNet50 (99.32%), MobileNetV3-Large (97.95%), and InceptionV3 (94.88%). Independent testing on Dataset II also identified EfficientNetV2-Small as the most accurate model (96.55%). Grad-CAM visualizations confirmed that EfficientNetV2-Small focused on banded regions of BLD leaves that are a main characteristic of the disease. These findings demonstrate the potential of deep learning and computer vision approaches to support more efficient monitoring of BLD in forested regions.","PeriodicalId":16475,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nematology","volume":"58 1","pages":"66-77"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13133654/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147816030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Description and molecular characterization of Coslenchus iranicus n. sp. (Rhabditida: Tylenchidae) from Iran. 文章标题伊朗沙鼠的描述及分子特征（横纹肌目：沙鼠科）。

IF 1.4 4区生物学

Journal of nematology Pub Date : 2026-04-27 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/jofnem-2026-0010

Nasrin Noras Mofrad, Sedighe Azimi

{"title":"Description and molecular characterization of Coslenchus iranicus n. sp. (Rhabditida: Tylenchidae) from Iran.","authors":"Nasrin Noras Mofrad, Sedighe Azimi","doi":"10.2478/jofnem-2026-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2026-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Coslenchus iranicus n. sp., recovered from the rhizosphere of soapwort in South Khorasan province, Eastern Iran, is described based on morphological and molecular data. The new species is characterized by its cuticle with 18 longitudinal ridges excluding lateral lines, lateral field with three incisures, lip region unstriated, stylet 9.4-12.0 µm long, spermatheca filled with sperm, post-vulval uterine sac absent, vulva with large vulval flaps, and tail mostly with a pointed terminus, though in a few specimens with a finely rounded tip. Based on general characterization, C. iranicus n. sp. is closely similar to C. areolatus, C. franklinae, C. japonicus, C. leiocephalus, and C. maritus. The phylogenetic relationships of the new species with representatives of the family Tylenchidae were reconstructed and discussed using partial sequences of the small subunit, D2-D3 expansion segments of the large subunit, and internal transcribed spacer regions of ribosomal DNA based on Bayesian inference. In the SSU rDNA and LSU rDNA phylogenetic trees, sequences of the new species formed clades with corresponding sequences of C. polonicus and C. leiocephalus with different levels of relatedness, respectively.","PeriodicalId":16475,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nematology","volume":"58 1","pages":"55-65"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13126369/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147816249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterization and reproduction of Paratylenchus enigmaticus from chrysanthemum in Korea. 韩国菊花中神秘副叶蝉的特征和繁殖。

IF 1.4 4区生物学

Journal of nematology Pub Date : 2026-04-24 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/jofnem-2026-0004

Shinwoo Joo, So-Hee Kim, Mihail Kantor, Hyoung-Rai Ko, Byeong-Yong Park, Jum Soon Kang, Insoo Choi, Heonil Kang

{"title":"Characterization and reproduction of Paratylenchus enigmaticus from chrysanthemum in Korea.","authors":"Shinwoo Joo, So-Hee Kim, Mihail Kantor, Hyoung-Rai Ko, Byeong-Yong Park, Jum Soon Kang, Insoo Choi, Heonil Kang","doi":"10.2478/jofnem-2026-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2026-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Paratylenchus enigmaticus is a recently described pin nematode species with a broad host range, but its occurrence and pathogenicity on chrysanthemum remain poorly understood. During a survey of spray chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum × grandiflorum) fields in Icheon, Korea, populations of pin nematodes were detected in the rhizosphere and subsequently identified as P. enigmaticus through detailed morphological observations and molecular analyses of LSU D2-D3 and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rRNA regions. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed a close relationship between the Korean population and previously described P. enigmaticus sequences from Canada and Spain. Pathogenicity assays revealed density-dependent reproduction on the chrysanthemum cultivar \"Milky Star.\" The reproduction factor (RF) was highest at the lowest inoculum density (Pi = 100; RF = 3.59 ± 0.54), declined at Pi = 1,000 (RF = 1.49 ± 0.69), and further decreased at Pi = 10,000 (RF = 0.37 ± 0.09). Plant growth parameters showed numerical variation among treatments but no significant differences. A host response assay using five chrysanthemum cultivars demonstrated successful reproduction of P. enigmaticus in all cultivars, although variation in RF was observed. Among them, \"Pretty Purple\" was classified as a poor host (RF ≤ 1), while the others were considered susceptible hosts (RF > 1). Our results document the first occurrence of P. enigmaticus in Korea, detected from a spray chrysanthemum field in Icheon, and demonstrate that it can utilize spray chrysanthemum as a host. However, its economic importance and potential to cause damage remain unclear, warranting additional investigations.","PeriodicalId":16475,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nematology","volume":"58 1","pages":"31-43"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13123057/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147774246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhanced acid fuchsin staining for visualization of foliar nematodes using brightfield and fluorescence microscopy. 利用明场和荧光显微镜对叶面线虫进行增强酸性品红染色。

IF 1.4 4区生物学

Journal of nematology Pub Date : 2026-04-24 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/jofnem-2026-0008

Paulo Vieira, Benjamin D Waldo, Emily Wolf

{"title":"Enhanced acid fuchsin staining for visualization of foliar nematodes using brightfield and fluorescence microscopy.","authors":"Paulo Vieira, Benjamin D Waldo, Emily Wolf","doi":"10.2478/jofnem-2026-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2026-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Foliar nematodes are economically important plant pathogens affecting a wide range of hosts, including food crops, ornamentals, and forest trees. Among these, Litylenchus crenatae (family Anguinidae), the causal agent of beech leaf disease (BLD), poses a growing threat to American beech forests. Traditional nematode staining methods, such as acid fuchsin staining, have been widely used for plant-parasitic nematodes found in roots, but their application to foliar tissues remains limited due to differences in tissue structure and stain permeability. In this study, we optimized two acid fuchsin-based protocols for brightfield and fluorescence microscopy to improve the visualization of L. crenatae in symptomatic beech leaves. The improved staining methods provided high-resolution visualization of L. crenatae at the surface and within the leaf tissues using both dissected and whole-mount samples. These enhanced visualization methods offer a practical tool for investigating the spatial distribution and dynamics of foliar nematodes within distinct layers of the leaf.","PeriodicalId":16475,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nematology","volume":"58 1","pages":"44-54"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13123058/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147774187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Deladenus coreanus n. sp. (Rhabditida: Neotylenchidae), a new species from South Korea. 文章标题韩国一新种——长尾蚤（横纹蛇目：新叶蝉科）。

IF 1.4 4区生物学

Journal of nematology Pub Date : 2026-04-20 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/jofnem-2026-0005

Abraham Okki Mwamula, Chang-Hwan Bae, Dae Geun Lee, Yi Seul Kim, Myeonghwan Kim, Dong Woon Lee

{"title":"Deladenus coreanus n. sp. (Rhabditida: Neotylenchidae), a new species from South Korea.","authors":"Abraham Okki Mwamula, Chang-Hwan Bae, Dae Geun Lee, Yi Seul Kim, Myeonghwan Kim, Dong Woon Lee","doi":"10.2478/jofnem-2026-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2026-0005","url":null,"abstract":"A new species of the genus Deladenus isolated from the outer wood and bark layers of a dead red pine tree (Pinus densiflora f. erecta) was characterized using morphological and morphometric data, as well as DNA sequences. Deladenus coreanus n. sp. is characterized by the medium sized body of mycetophagous female abruptly narrowing behind vulva, lateral fields with four incisures, pharyngeal corpus without a distinct median bulb and lacking a chamber, pharyngo-intestinal junction immediately behind the nerve ring, hemizonid 13.0-37.0 μm posterior to nerve ring, excretory pore at level with hemizonid, vulva with prominently protuberant lips and with no lateral vulval flaps, post-uterine sac absent, vulva-anus distance approximately equal to tail length, tail conoid, gradually tapering to a broadly or narrowly rounded terminus, or subcylindrical and clubbed, males with slender spicules, 19.0-21.0 μm long and bursa reaching tail tip. The phylogenetic relationships were reconstructed using partial 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, and COI gene sequences. The newly generated 18S rRNA and 28S rRNA sequences appeared as independent lineages in corresponding trees, and the new COI gene sequence formed a clade with the corresponding gene sequence of Deladenus brevis with moderate (87) Bayesian posterior probability.","PeriodicalId":16475,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nematology","volume":"58 1","pages":"18-30"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13110407/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147774248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From muscle to gland: The reorganization of the terminal bulb within the symbiotic Stilbonematinae (Nematoda, Desmodoroidea). 从肌肉到腺体：在共生线虫科（线虫纲，线虫总科）内末端球茎的重组。

IF 1.4 4区生物学

Journal of nematology Pub Date : 2026-04-15 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/jofnem-2026-0001

Philipp Pröts, Jörg A Ott

{"title":"From muscle to gland: The reorganization of the terminal bulb within the symbiotic Stilbonematinae (Nematoda, Desmodoroidea).","authors":"Philipp Pröts, Jörg A Ott","doi":"10.2478/jofnem-2026-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2026-0001","url":null,"abstract":"The Stilbonematinae live in symbiosis with ectosymbiotic bacteria covering their cuticle, which evidently constitute their food. In different Stilbonematinae genera, two pharynx types are found, depending on the arrangement of the bacterial coat. Species descriptions show that most Stilbonematinae species with a thick multilayer of symbionts have a two-part pharynx with a predominantly muscular posterior bulb. In contrast, in cases of a thin monolayer of bacteria, the nematodes predominantly show a three-part pharynx with a distinctly swollen muscular corpus at their anterior end. This indicates a shift of the main pumping structure from the terminal bulb to the anterior corpus. Consequently, the amount of contractile filaments in the terminal bulb should decrease. Using phalloidin staining in combination with confocal laser scanning microscopy, light microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy, we measured and compared the filamentous actin (F-actin) volume in the posterior bulb in several Stilbonematinae species representing both pharynx types. Two-part pharynges had a larger relative F-actin volume in the terminal bulb than three-part pharynges. In the latter, prominent gland tissue occupied most of the space between the reduced muscles. This supports our hypothesis of two distinct feeding modes: ingestion of large amounts of food in species with a two-part pharynx (\"gourmands\") requiring a muscular terminal bulb vs discriminant grazing on a thin bacterial coat in species with a three-part pharynx (\"gourmets\").","PeriodicalId":16475,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nematology","volume":"58 1","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13095350/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147774163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0