Journal of Neural Transmission - Parkinson's Disease and Dementia Section最新文献_第10页

Total and paramagnetic metals in human substantia nigra and its neuromelanin. 人黑质及其神经黑色素中的总金属和顺磁性金属。

Journal of Neural Transmission - Parkinson's Disease and Dementia Section Pub Date : 1993-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/BF02257675

L Zecca, H M Swartz

{"title":"Total and paramagnetic metals in human substantia nigra and its neuromelanin.","authors":"L Zecca, H M Swartz","doi":"10.1007/BF02257675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02257675","url":null,"abstract":"A number of hypotheses on the etiology of Parkinson's disease and other CNS disorders postulate a role of metal ions and/or neuromelanin. As part of an investigation of the interactions between neuromelanin and metal ions, we have studied the amount and type of metal ions in human neuromelanin in intact substantia nigra and in isolated neuromelanin using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), which selectively measures metal ions which are in valence states that have unpaired electrons and total reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF), which measures total metals. EPR also is a principal technique for studying the biophysics of melanins by analysis of its free radicals. The studies of substantia nigra with TXRF indicated the presence of substantial amounts of iron, zinc, lead, copper, manganese, and titanium at concentrations up to 4 times greater than those of non-pigmented brain tissue (basis pedunculi). The concentrations of metal ions in isolated neuromelanin were 5-260 times higher than in substantia nigra. The studies with EPR indicated that there were substantial amounts of paramagnetic metals ions, especially iron, bound to neuromelanin in intact substantia nigra, and the presence of these metal ions modified the EPR spectra of the free radicals of neuromelanin. We conclude: 1. Compared to other regions of the mid-brain, the substantia nigra contains increased amounts of many different metal ions; 2. Many of these metal ions are in paramagnetic valence states; 3. There are high concentrations of paramagnetic metal ions bound to neuromelanin. These results are consistent with the hypotheses that postulate a role of metal ions in promoting oxidative reactions in pigmented neurons.","PeriodicalId":16466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neural Transmission - Parkinson's Disease and Dementia Section","volume":"5 3","pages":"203-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/BF02257675","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19382023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 109

Platelet monoamine oxidase B activity in Parkinson's disease: a re-evaluation. 帕金森病的血小板单胺氧化酶 B 活性：重新评估。

Journal of Neural Transmission - Parkinson's Disease and Dementia Section Pub Date : 1993-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/BF02260909

J Jarman, V Glover, M Sandler, N Turjanski, G Stern

引用次数: 18

Value and appropriate use of rating scales and apparative measurements in quantification of disability in Parkinson's disease. 评定量表和幻影测量在帕金森病残疾量化中的价值和适当使用。

Journal of Neural Transmission - Parkinson's Disease and Dementia Section Pub Date : 1993-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/BF02260914

H Baas, K Stecker, P A Fischer

{"title":"Value and appropriate use of rating scales and apparative measurements in quantification of disability in Parkinson's disease.","authors":"H Baas, K Stecker, P A Fischer","doi":"10.1007/BF02260914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02260914","url":null,"abstract":"Despite widespread use in pharmacotherapeutical trials, in the majority of rating scales used in Parkinson's disease (PD) validity, reliability and appropriate use have never been confirmed by statistical data. For this reason 350 unselected PD-pats. were investigated by an extensive standardized test-battery including registration of basis data, Columbia University Rating Scale (CURS), scale for assessment of functional disability (ADL), SCAG-scale, Hoehn & Jahr-scale (HY), mod. Webster step second-test (WSST), Purdue-pegboard, questionnaire for subjective complaints (SC), WDG, LPS1/2, 3/4, 6, 7, 10, clinical assessment of dementia, v. Zerssen-scale and orthostatic hypotension (60 degrees tilt up). For CURS, SCAG and ADL instrumental reliability was calculated by Cronbach's alpha. For CURS, SCAG, ADL and the total data of complete test battery (CTB) principal component analysis (PCA) was performed for data reduction. CURS, SCAG and ADL showed high internal consistency (alpha approximately > or = 0.9). For CURS 5 factors accounting for 66% total variance could be extracted by PCA. They represent gait, rigidity, tremor, right/left dexterity (eigenvalues > 1). For SCAG 3 factors (61% of total variance) representing dementia, depression and change of personality were extracted. For ADL 3 factors (67% of total variance) could be extracted, representing overall functional disability, handwriting and disability by pain. PCA of the CTB identified 8 interpretable factors (66% of total variance) characterizing at least partially the clinical profile of PD: 1. motor disability (assessment by rating-scales) 2. dementia, 3. motor-disability (assessment by apparative measurements), 4. depression, 5. orthostatic hypotension, 6. WDG, 7. tremor and 8. pain. Our data confirm the suitability of the investigated scales and give a rational base for their appropriate use in a sense of data reduction and economical evaluation.","PeriodicalId":16466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neural Transmission - Parkinson's Disease and Dementia Section","volume":"5 1","pages":"45-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/BF02260914","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19423665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 37

Lack of ACTH/cortisol and GH responses to intravenously-infused substance P in Parkinson's disease. 帕金森氏症患者静脉输注P物质缺乏促肾上腺皮质激素/皮质醇和生长激素反应

Journal of Neural Transmission - Parkinson's Disease and Dementia Section Pub Date : 1993-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/BF02261003

R Volpi, P Caffarra, A Scaglioni, A Saginario, D Maestri, S Vourna, P P Vescovi, P Chiodera, V Coiro

{"title":"Lack of ACTH/cortisol and GH responses to intravenously-infused substance P in Parkinson's disease.","authors":"R Volpi, P Caffarra, A Scaglioni, A Saginario, D Maestri, S Vourna, P P Vescovi, P Chiodera, V Coiro","doi":"10.1007/BF02261003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02261003","url":null,"abstract":"In order to test possible changes in the stimulating effect of intravenously-infused substance P (SP) on ACTH/cortisol and GH secretion in Parkinson's disease, 10 male parkinsonian patients and 10 age-matched normal controls were infused intravenously for 60 min with SP (1.0 or 1.5 pmol/kg-1/min-1 SP) or normal saline. The circulating levels of ACTH, cortisol and GH were measured during and for 20 min after SP or saline infusion. No untoward side effects or changes in blood pressure were observed during SP infusion in any subjects. In basal conditions and during saline infusion, plasma ACTH and cortisol levels were similar in normal and parkinsonian patients. During SP infusions, ACTH/cortisol concentrations in normal controls rose significantly vs baseline and saline test in a dose-dependent fashion. In contrast, at both SP infused amounts, parkinsonian patients showed ACTH/cortisol levels similar to those observed in the saline test. All subjects showed similar basal concentrations of GH. GH levels rose significantly in the normal controls when the higher dose of SP was infused, but they were not modified by the infusion of the lower dose of SP or saline. At both tested amounts of SP and during saline infusion, GH levels remained unchanged in the parkinsonian subjects. In agreement with previous observations in the literature showing SP abnormalities in the parkinsonian brain, these data fail to show significant effects of plasma SP on the ACTH/cortisol and GH secretory systems in Parkinson's disease.","PeriodicalId":16466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neural Transmission - Parkinson's Disease and Dementia Section","volume":"6 2","pages":"99-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/BF02261003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18517097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Concentration gradients for monoamine metabolites in lumbar cerebrospinal fluid. 腰脑脊液单胺代谢物的浓度梯度。

Journal of Neural Transmission - Parkinson's Disease and Dementia Section Pub Date : 1993-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/BF02260910

K Blennow, A Wallin, C G Gottfries, J E Månsson, L Svennerholm

{"title":"Concentration gradients for monoamine metabolites in lumbar cerebrospinal fluid.","authors":"K Blennow, A Wallin, C G Gottfries, J E Månsson, L Svennerholm","doi":"10.1007/BF02260910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02260910","url":null,"abstract":"Concentration gradients in lumbar cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for the monoamine metabolites homovanillic acid (HVA), 5-hydroxy-indoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylglycol (HMPG) were studied in 9 healthy controls and 47 neuropsychiatric patients without diseases causing disturbed CSF circulation. In a serial sampling of the first 24 ml of CSF, steep concentration gradients between the first (0-4th ml) and last (21st-24th ml) portions of CSF were found for HVA (99 +/- 59% increase; p < 0.001) and 5-HIAA (88 +/- 54% increase; p < 0.001), while the concentration gradient was slight for HMPG (11 +/- 7% increase; p < 0.001). The existence of marked concentration gradients for the monoamine metabolites HVA and 5-HIAA gives further evidence for an active transport system for these metabolites and indicates that the lumbar CSF-HVA and 5-HIAA levels reflect the dopamine and serotonin metabolism in the brain. Moreover, the existence of pronounced concentration gradients for HVA and 5-HIAA stresses the importance of making analyses on a standardized volume of CSF.","PeriodicalId":16466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neural Transmission - Parkinson's Disease and Dementia Section","volume":"5 1","pages":"5-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/BF02260910","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18683553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 45

A quantitative study of levodopa-induced dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease. 左旋多巴诱导帕金森病运动障碍的定量研究。

Journal of Neural Transmission - Parkinson's Disease and Dementia Section Pub Date : 1993-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/BF02261002

M P Caligiuri, S Peterson

{"title":"A quantitative study of levodopa-induced dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease.","authors":"M P Caligiuri, S Peterson","doi":"10.1007/BF02261002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02261002","url":null,"abstract":"The present study addressed the question of whether the emergence and severity of levodopa-induced dyskinesia was related to the therapeutic benefits derived from levodopa. Eight PD patients with clinically observed levodopa-induced dyskinesia were studied prior to and for two hours following a single dose of Sinemet (carbidopa/levodopa). Quantitative instrumental procedures were used to assess upper extremity dyskinesia, rigidity and bradykinesia. Results indicated that all patients exhibited significant reduction in their parkinsonism within 45 minutes following treatment. Reduction in bradykinesia, but not rigidity appeared to coincide with the emergence of dyskinesia. There was a significant relationship between severity of dyskinesia and the degree of improvement in movement velocity but not rigidity. Further analyses revealed that this relationship depended largely on the age of the patient. These findings are discussed as they pertain to a unified model of basal ganglia movement disorders which places dyskinesia and bradykinesia at opposite extremes along a continuum.","PeriodicalId":16466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neural Transmission - Parkinson's Disease and Dementia Section","volume":"6 2","pages":"89-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/BF02261002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19109129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

The interaction of L-deprenyl and scopolamine on spatial learning/memory in rats. 左旋去戊烯醇和东莨菪碱对大鼠空间学习记忆的影响。

Journal of Neural Transmission - Parkinson's Disease and Dementia Section Pub Date : 1993-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/BF02260921

L Yavich, J Sirviö, E Heinonen, P Riekkinen

{"title":"The interaction of L-deprenyl and scopolamine on spatial learning/memory in rats.","authors":"L Yavich, J Sirviö, E Heinonen, P Riekkinen","doi":"10.1007/BF02260921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02260921","url":null,"abstract":"L-Deprenyl, a specific MAO-B inhibitor, has been reported to improve learning/memory in some cognitive tests in aged rats. The present study investigated whether L-deprenyl could alleviate the spatial learning deficit induced by muscarinic blockade and aging in OFA rats. Scopolamine (0.25 mg/kg) impaired the acquisition of a water maze task in adult rats and increased their swimming speeds. L-Deprenyl (0.25 mg/kg, 14 days) had no effect on water maze performance in saline treated adult rats, but markedly alleviated the learning deficit induced by scopolamine and increased the time and distance of swimming in the training quadrant when the platform was removed (spatial probe trial). L-Deprenyl partly reduced the effect of scopolamine on speed of swimming. Nevertheless, administration of l-deprenyl (0.25 mg/kg, 14 days) had no effect on spatial learning/memory in aged rats. We suggest that the l-deprenyl-scopolamine interaction in the water maze test may be considered as a premise for further investigations of l-deprenyl as cognition enhancer.","PeriodicalId":16466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neural Transmission - Parkinson's Disease and Dementia Section","volume":"6 3","pages":"189-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/BF02260921","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19115170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 24

Monoaminergic activities in Lewy body dementia: relation to hallucinosis and extrapyramidal features. 路易体痴呆的单胺能活性:与幻觉和锥体外系特征的关系。

Journal of Neural Transmission - Parkinson's Disease and Dementia Section Pub Date : 1993-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/BF02260919

E K Perry, E Marshall, P Thompson, I G McKeith, D Collerton, A F Fairbairn, I N Ferrier, D Irving, R H Perry

{"title":"Monoaminergic activities in Lewy body dementia: relation to hallucinosis and extrapyramidal features.","authors":"E K Perry, E Marshall, P Thompson, I G McKeith, D Collerton, A F Fairbairn, I N Ferrier, D Irving, R H Perry","doi":"10.1007/BF02260919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02260919","url":null,"abstract":"Serotonergic (5-HT) and dopaminergic activities have been examined in Lewy Body Dementia (LBD) and compared with Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). In the neocortex the LBD subgroup experiencing hallucinations was distinguished from the other categories by an increase in the 5HIAA:5HT ratio measured in frontal cortex and by the serotonergic (5-HIAA or 5-HIAA:5-HT): cholinergic (choline acetyltransferase) ratio in frontal and temporal cortex. In the neostriatum (caudate nucleus), loss of dopamine and increased HVA:dopamine ratio correlated with the reduction in substantia nigra neurons in LBD but not PD, despite the greater loss of neurones and dopamine and the higher dopamine turnover ratio in PD. LBD patients experiencing severe Parkinsonism as a result of neuroleptic treatment tended to have lower neuron counts, in combination with higher turnover ratios, than the remainder. Qualitative differences between LBD and PD included decreased cortical 5-HT turnover in PD compared with the increase in LBD. There were no significant changes in any parameter in AD, with the exception of a reduction in temporal cortex 5HIAA. The results suggest that although the neurochemical pathology of LBD and PD involves similar systems, the nature of the derangements differs sufficiently between the diseases to account for differences in symptomatology.","PeriodicalId":16466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neural Transmission - Parkinson's Disease and Dementia Section","volume":"6 3","pages":"167-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/BF02260919","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19115168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 62

The urate and xanthine concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid in patients with vascular dementia of the Binswanger type, Alzheimer type dementia, and Parkinson's disease. 血管性痴呆Binswanger型、阿尔茨海默型痴呆和帕金森病患者脑脊液中尿酸盐和黄嘌呤浓度的变化

Journal of Neural Transmission - Parkinson's Disease and Dementia Section Pub Date : 1993-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/BF02261005

H Tohgi, T Abe, S Takahashi, T Kikuchi

引用次数: 66

Serum alpha 1-antichymotrypsin is not a useful marker for Alzheimer's disease or dementia in Parkinson's disease. 血清α 1-抗凝乳胰蛋白酶不是阿尔茨海默病或帕金森病痴呆的有用标志物。

Journal of Neural Transmission - Parkinson's Disease and Dementia Section Pub Date : 1993-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/BF02261008

M A Kuiper, G J van Kamp, P L Bergmans, P Scheltens, E C Wolters

引用次数: 13