Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice最新文献

{"title":"Associations between pesticide exposure with biomarkers of stroke risk factors in farmers","authors":"Ismail Setyopranoto, A. Panggabean, E. Dwianingsih, C. T. S. Setyaningrum, S. Sutarni, R. Malueka, Mawaddah Ar Rochmah","doi":"10.25259/jnrp_157_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jnrp_157_2023","url":null,"abstract":"The extensive use of pesticides may cause acute and chronic intoxication. Therefore, this study aimed to reveal the associations between pesticide exposure and serum markers for stroke risk factors in farmers. A cross-sectional study was conducted with farmers, who used chemical pesticides in Seloprojo Village, Ngablak District, Magelang Regency, Central Java Province, Indonesia. A questionnaire containing demographics, pesticide use, and aspects related to work was employed. Measurements of serum cholesterol, uric acid, glucose, cholinesterase, and fibrinogen levels were also conducted. Of the 106 subjects, 31 (29.2%) used organophosphates as chemical pesticides. There was a significant difference between organophosphate and nonorganophosphate groups in plasma fibrinogen levels. The organophosphate group had higher levels of fibrinogen (292.29 ± 67.56 mg/dL) than the non-organophosphate group (255.24 ± 38.90 mg/dL). Of the studied risk factors for stroke, there is a significant association between organophosphate exposure and increased plasma fibrinogen levels.","PeriodicalId":16443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139447098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blind after first chemotherapy","authors":"J. Finsterer","doi":"10.25259/jnrp_568_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jnrp_568_2023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139447495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical seeding of a chordoma into the temporal muscle","authors":"A. Hosmann, Basant K Misra","doi":"10.25259/jnrp_430_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jnrp_430_2023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139380961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting the tubercular zone: A poor prognostic finding on neuroimaging","authors":"Himanshu Kaushal, Gourav Goyal","doi":"10.25259/jnrp_476_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/jnrp_476_2023","url":null,"abstract":"Central nervous system tuberculosis accounts for approximately 1–2% of cases but with a high morbidity and mortality burden. A 37-year-old female presented with fever and headache for 15 days followed by altered sensorium with associated dystonic posturing of both upper limbs and lower limbs (left>right side). The patient’s condition deteriorated despite optimal antitubercular treatment and other supportive measures for two weeks. An MRI brain was suggestive of areas of diffusion restriction in the right caudate nucleus, anterior limb of internal capsule, genu, and anteromedial thalamus. The patient ultimately succumbed to death. Tubercular zone infarctions carry an ominous prognosis and can be considered an indicator of morbidity and mortality in patients with tuberculous meningitis (TBM).","PeriodicalId":16443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139383608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypsarrhythmia and triphasic waves seem to be akin(similar) age-dependent responses of the brain to different insults.","authors":"Roshan Koul","doi":"10.25259/JNRP_319_2023","DOIUrl":"10.25259/JNRP_319_2023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10927049/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140110478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anesthetic challenges in a patient with Hirayama disease with quadriparesis and autonomic dysfunction undergoing cervical spine surgery.","authors":"Ashwini Reddy, Prerna Varma, Amiya Kumar Barik, Vinitha Narayan","doi":"10.25259/JNRP_224_2023","DOIUrl":"10.25259/JNRP_224_2023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hirayama disease is a rare neurological disorder, characterized by muscular atrophy of the distal upper extremities. The occurrence of spastic quadriparesis and autonomic dysfunction is rarely reported and has important perioperative considerations during cervical spine surgery for the treatment of this disorder. The role of the anesthesiologist is vital in the thorough assessment of the patient for the involvement of the pyramidal tract, autonomic dysfunction, gastroparesis, hyperreactive airway disease, and documentation of neurological deficits. Intraoperative concerns include safe manipulation of the airway during mask ventilation and the use of a flexible fibreoptic bronchoscope during endotracheal intubation to prevent neck flexion. It is also essential to avoid drugs, leading to histamine release. The use of multimodal monitoring including bispectral index and neuromuscular monitoring is crucial to prevent delayed recovery. Anticipation and management of exaggerated hypotension in response to anesthetic induction agents and prone position is the key to a successful outcome in patients with autonomic dysfunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":16443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10927038/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85517204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and associated risk factors of postpartum depression in India: A comprehensive review.","authors":"Sajna Panolan, Benson Thomas M","doi":"10.25259/JNRP_584_2023","DOIUrl":"10.25259/JNRP_584_2023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Postpartum depression (PPD) is a psychological illness that affects women following delivery. According to the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR), PPD is a serious form of depression that begins four weeks following birth and continues for one year. Pregnancy and the period after delivery can be hazardous for women. Mothers undergo significant biological, emotional, financial, and societal changes during this time. Some women are predisposed to mental health disorders such as melancholy and worry. Many postpartum women do not acknowledge the seriousness of their condition, and many depressed mothers go untreated. Untreated PPD is harmful to both the mother and the newborn. The exact cause of PPD is unclear; however, hormonal fluctuations during pregnancy and childbirth, genetic susceptibility, birth trauma as well as psychosocial and demographic factors may serve as potential risk factors. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence and risk factors of PPD in India. The review evaluates English language literature on PPD using Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases searched electronically between 2000 and 2022. The keywords \"postpartum depression,\" or \"postnatal depression,\" and \"prevalence,\" and \"causes,\" and \"risk factors,\" or \"predisposing factors,\" or \"predictive factors\" were used to search the database. The prevalence of PPD varies in different geographical regions and study settings. In India, the overall prevalence of PPD is 22%. However, the greatest prevalence was in the southern regions (26%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 19-32) and the lowest in the northern regions (15%; 95% CI: 10-21). This study outlines the burden of PPD in India. Comprehensive intervention programs should be implemented to address the disease at a national level. The national authorities should incorporate PPD screening in the National Mental Health Program and emphasize health promotion activities.</p>","PeriodicalId":16443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10927066/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140110480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-operative anemia in children undergoing elective neurosurgery: An analysis of incidence, risk factors, and outcomes.","authors":"Shweta Naik, Amruta Nirale, Suparna Bharadwaj, R P Sangeetha, Dhaval Shukla, Sriganesh Kamath","doi":"10.25259/JNRP_338_2023","DOIUrl":"10.25259/JNRP_338_2023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Pediatric neurosurgeries carry a considerable risk of intraoperative bleeding and, subsequently, anemia in the post-operative period. Postoperative anemia is often multifactorial with several factors contributing to its occurrence. The present study aims to quantify the incidence of postoperative anemia, identify potential risk factors, and assess the impact of post-operative anemia on clinical outcomes in the pediatric neurosurgery population.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This was a single-center and retrospective cohort study which included children <18 years of age undergoing elective neurosurgery. The data were extracted from the electronic and physical patient health records. Post-operative anemia was defined for this study as a hemoglobin value below 10 g/dL at any time up to 3 days after surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 300 children were recruited during the study period. The incidence of post-operative anemia after elective pediatric neurosurgery was 21.33%. Children in the post-operative anemia group were younger (<i>P</i> = 0.004), had lower pre-operative hemoglobin values (<i>P</i> < 0.001), belonged to higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status (<i>P</i> = 0.023), underwent predominantly supratentorial (<i>P</i> = 0.041) and non-tumor surgeries (0.004), and received lesser intraoperative blood transfusion (<i>P</i> = 0.010) compared to no post-operative anemia group. The factors that remained predictive of post-operative anemia on multivariate analysis were ASA physical status (<i>P</i> = 0.018, odds ratio [OR] = 1.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] of 1.12-3.36), pre-operative hemoglobin (<i>P</i> < 0.001, OR = 0.64, 95% CI of 0.50-0.82), and intraoperative transfusion (<i>P</i> = 0.028, OR = 0.45, 95% CI of 0.22-0.92).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Optimization of modifiable risk factors is essential to reduce the occurrence of post-operative anemia and improve outcomes in pediatric neurosurgical patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":16443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10927067/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74355367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge of stroke and the window period for thrombolytic therapy in ischemic stroke among South Indians: A hospital-based survey with educational intervention.","authors":"Reem Jaffar Ali, Sandhya Manorenj, Ruqya Zafar","doi":"10.25259/JNRP_312_2023","DOIUrl":"10.25259/JNRP_312_2023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective of this study was to determine the awareness of stroke in regards to the risk factors, warning symptoms, and knowledge of the therapeutic window period among varied strata of non-medical people attending a tertiary care center.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The interventional study involved the collection of data regarding awareness of stroke using a structured questionnaire with a total score of 16. Pre-intervention assessment was followed by intervention in the form of education regarding awareness of stroke administered one-on-one for personalized and effective comprehension by subjects. Then, subjects were asked to recall the information that was delivered to them and were scored accordingly.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 500 subjects included, 51% were female. About 76.8% of participants were young (age <50 years), and 83.4% were literate. Only 25.4% of participants were aware of the brain as the site of stroke. About 32.2% of candidates were aware of a few risk factors for stroke. Among them, the majority of participants were aware of hypertension (24%) as a risk factor. The most known warning symptom was \"Numbness\" or weakness of arm. The majority of the subjects (97.8%) were unaware of a therapeutic window period for stroke being 4.5 h or below. The mean pre-intervention score was 2.52 ± 1.65 while the mean post-intervention score was 15.10 ± 1.79 (<i>P</i> < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study showed that even among literate participants, only a meager number of subjects were aware of the golden window period of intravenous thrombolysis. Educational intervention by means of an in-person and one-on-one explanation achieved significant levels of understanding of stroke. The study could be used to formulate large-scale educational programs that focus on spreading awareness of symptoms and risk factors while also instilling the importance of timely medical intervention for efficient thrombolytic therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":16443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10927053/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140110479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of onset-to-door time in acute ischemic stroke and factors associated with delay at a tertiary care center in South India.","authors":"Ashika Anees, Praveen Panicker, Thomas Iype, K R Sreelekha","doi":"10.25259/JNRP_325_2023","DOIUrl":"10.25259/JNRP_325_2023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Intravenous thrombolysis is an effective treatment of acute ischemic stroke but has a narrow therapeutic time window of 3-4.5 h. Pre-hospital delay is a major barrier to patients becoming eligible for thrombolysis. This single-center study assessed the factors causing longer onset-to-door (OTD) time to identify measures that will help decrease the delay.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Patients with acute ischemic stroke presenting to the emergency department from August to October 2022 were included in the study. The data were collected using a structured questionnaire and was completed by interviewing the patient or the caregivers. Patients were classified as early and late arrivers with the cutoff being 3.5 h. We then analyzed the relationship between early arrival and demographic factors, clinical factors, patient response factors, and logistic factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study consisted of 153 patients. The average OTD time was 674.33 ± 812.713 min (median: 300; interquartile range: 151-885). The pre-hospital delay was present in 66% of patients. 16.9% of patients came beyond 24 h. In the multivariate analysis, the odds of early arrival were higher among patients who perceived their symptoms as serious (odds ratio [OR]: 18.801; confidence interval [CI]: 3.728-94.803) and lower among patients who experienced a delay in reaching due to traffic (OR: 0.085; CI: 0.008-0.873). Lack of knowledge about stroke centers among both patients and health professionals also contributed to longer OTD times. Out of 52 early arrivers, 24 received thrombolytic therapy after excluding wake-up strokes and contraindications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pre-hospital delay continues to stand in the way of patients receiving thrombolysis. Comprehensive stroke education, increasing awareness regarding stroke centers, and promoting ambulance services are some of the interventions which could help tackle the issue.</p>","PeriodicalId":16443,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10927050/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78806356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}