Journal of Neuro-Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Glioblastoma in the real-world setting: patterns of care and outcome in the Austrian population.","authors":"Andreas Hainfellner, Martin Borkovec, Lukas Seebrecht, Magdalena Neuhauser, Thomas Roetzer-Pejrimovsky, Lisa Greutter, Birgit Surböck, Andrea Hager-Seifert, Doris Gorka-Vom Hof, Tadeja Urbanic-Purkart, Martin Stultschnig, Clemens Cijan, Franz Würtz, Bernadette Calabek-Wohinz, Josef Pichler, Isolde Höllmüller, Annette Leibetseder, Serge Weis, Waltraud Kleindienst, Michael Seiberl, Lara Bieler, Constantin Hecker, Christoph Schwartz, Sarah Iglseder, Johanna Heugenhauser, Martha Nowosielski, Claudius Thomé, Patrizia Moser, Markus Hoffermann, Karin Loibnegger, Karin Dieckmann, Matthias Tomschik, Georg Widhalm, Karl Rössler, Christine Marosi, Adelheid Wöhrer, Johannes A Hainfellner, Stefan Oberndorfer","doi":"10.1007/s11060-024-04808-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11060-024-04808-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We present results of a retrospective population-based investigation of patterns of care and outcome of glioblastoma patients in Austria.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>In this nation-wide cooperative project, all Austrian glioblastoma patients newly diagnosed between 2014 and 2018 and registered in the ABTR-SANOnet database were included. Histological typing used criteria of the WHO classification of CNS tumors, 4th edition 2016. Patterns of care were assessed, and all patients were followed until the end of 2019.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>1,420 adult glioblastoma cases were identified. 813 (57.3%) patients were male and 607 (42.7%) female. Median age at diagnosis was 64 years (range: 18-88). Median overall survival (OS) was 11.6 months in the total cohort and 10.9 months in patients with proven IDH-wildtype. Median OS in the patient group ≤ 65 years receiving postoperative standard of care therapy was 16.1 months. In the patient group > 65 years with postoperative therapy, median OS was 11.2 months. Follow-up ≥ 5 years identified 13/264 (4.9%) long-term survivors. Brain tumor surgery frequently was assisted by 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) fluorescence (up to 55%). Postoperative treatment was initiated around one month after surgery (median: 31 days) following standardized protocols in 1,041/1,420 (73.3%) cases. In 830 patients (58.5%), concomitant radiochemotherapy was started according to the established standard of care. Treatment in case of progressive disease was considerably variable. 170/1,420 patients (12.0%) underwent a second surgical procedure, 467 (33.0%) received systemic treatment after progression, and 173 (12.2%) were re-irradiated.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our data illustrate and confirm nation-wide translation of effective standard of care to Austrian glioblastoma patients in the recent past. In the case of progressive disease, highly variable therapeutic approaches were used, most frequently accompanied by anti-angiogenic therapy. Long-term survival was observed in a minor proportion of mostly younger patients who typically had gross total tumor resection, a favorable postoperative ECOG score, and standard of care therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":16425,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuro-Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"407-418"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11538164/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142080620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethnicity in neuro-oncology research: How are we doing and how can we do better?","authors":"Asfand Baig Mirza, Feras Fayez, Sami Rashed, Layla Burn, Zachariah M Evans, Zekiye Karagozlu, Amisha Vastani, Jose Pedro Lavrador, Francesco Vergani, Richard Gullan, Ranjeev Bhangoo, Keyoumars Ashkan","doi":"10.1007/s11060-024-04769-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11060-024-04769-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study systematically reviews and meta-analyses the extent of ethnic minority representation in neuro-oncology Phase III and IV clinical trials, explores the effect of ethnicity on outcomes, and identifies predictors for the inclusion of ethnicity data in publications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adhering to PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a comprehensive literature search across multiple databases, on Phase III and IV trials in neuro-oncology that reported on adult and/or paediatric subjects. Through meta-analysis, we synthesized information on overall survival, event-free survival, and the incidence of adverse outcomes across ethnicities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 448 identified articles, a fraction reported ethnicity data, with an even smaller number providing outcome data stratified by ethnicity. Most study participants were identified as White, underscoring a significant underrepresentation of minorities. Our meta-analysis did not reveal significant outcome differences by ethnicity, which may be attributed to the limited and inadequate reporting of data. Predictors for including ethnicity data were identified, including trials in North America(OR2.39, 95%CI 1.18-5.12, p < 0.02),trials of drugs or biologic agents(OR 5.28, 95%CI 1.43-3.42, p < 0.05),and trials funded by charities(OR 2.28, 95% CI 1.04-5.27, p < 0.05) or pharmaceutical companies(OR 3.98, 95% CI 1.60-10.0, p < 0.005).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The underrepresentation of minorities in neuro-oncology clinical trials and the inadequately characterized impact of ethnicity on treatment outcomes highlight a critical need for more inclusive recruitment strategies and improved reporting standards. Change is necessary to ensure trials reflect the diversity of the patient population, which is essential for developing tailored strategies and improving outcomes. Future research should prioritize understanding the role of ethnicity in neuro-oncology to facilitate personalized treatment approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":16425,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuro-Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"223-233"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11538236/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142307919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spinal laser interstitial thermal therapy and radiotherapy for thoracic metastatic epidural spinal cord compression.","authors":"Martin C Tom, Suraj Komatineni, Chenyang Wang, Romulo A Andrade de Almeida, Amol J Ghia, Thomas H Beckham, Subha Perni, Mary F McAleer, Todd Swanson, Debra N Yeboa, Brian S De, Michael K Rooney, Andrew J Bishop, Jay P Reddy, Yumeng Yang, Ethan B Ludmir, Shizhen Zhang, Behrang Amini, Christopher Alvarez-Breckenridge, Robert Y North, Laurence D Rhines, Jing Li, Claudio E Tatsui","doi":"10.1007/s11060-024-04777-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11060-024-04777-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Spinal laser interstitial thermal therapy (sLITT) is a less invasive alternative to surgery for metastatic epidural spinal cord compression. Here, we analyze outcomes of patients treated with sLITT either in conjunction with radiotherapy or as a standalone salvage therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included patients with thoracic vertebral metastatic cord compression treated with sLITT. Outcomes included freedom from local failure (FFLF) and overall survival (OS). Factors associated with FFLF were identified with univariable and multivariable analyses via a Cox proportional hazards model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 2013-2022, 129 patients received sLITT to 144 vertebral segments; 69% were radiotherapy naïve, 81% were radioresistant histologies, and 74% were centered in the vertebral body. Median age was 61 years. Pre-sLITT Bilsky score was 3 in 28%, 2 in 33%, and 1c in 37%. Radiotherapy was delivered in conjunction with sLITT for 80% of cases, including 68% that received stereotactic radiotherapy, at a median of 5 days after sLITT. Median follow-up was 9.1 months. One-year FFLF and OS was 80% and 78%, respectively. On multivariable analysis, variables independently associated with adverse FFLF included paraspinal/foraminal disease location (p = 0.001), and post-sLITT imaging Bilsky score of 2 (p = 0.073) or 3 (p = 0.011). Prior radiotherapy, technique of radiotherapy, and time between radiotherapy and sLITT were not associated with FFLF.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>sLITT with radiotherapy is an effective minimally invasive treatment approach for thoracic metastatic epidural spinal cord compression. Early treatment response may serve as a prognostic imaging biomarker.</p>","PeriodicalId":16425,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuro-Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"289-296"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142348468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Development of a scoring system to predict local recurrence in brain metastases following complete resection and observation.","authors":"Makoto Ohno, Masamichi Takahashi, Shunsuke Yanagisawa, Sho Osawa, Takahiro Tsuchiya, Shohei Fujita, Hiroshi Igaki, Yoshitaka Narita","doi":"10.1007/s11060-024-04822-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11060-024-04822-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16425,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuro-Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"307"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142348463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular characterization of gliosarcoma reveals prognostic biomarkers and clinical parallels with glioblastoma.","authors":"Lucy Chen, Emanuelle Rizk, Mohamed Sherief, Michael Chang, Calixto-Hope Lucas, Chetan Bettegowda, Victoria Croog, Debraj Mukherjee, Jordina Rincon-Torroella, David Olayinka Kamson, Peng Huang, Matthias Holdhoff, Karisa Schreck","doi":"10.1007/s11060-024-04859-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-024-04859-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Gliosarcoma is a rare histopathological variant of glioblastoma, but it is unclear whether distinct clinical or molecular features distinguish it from other glioblastomas. The purpose of this study was to characterize common genomic alterations of gliosarcoma, compare them to that of glioblastoma, and correlate them with prognosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a single-institution, retrospective cohort study of patients seen between 11/1/2017 to 1/28/2024. Clinical and genomic data were obtained from the medical record. Results were validated using data from AACR Project GENIE (v15.1-public).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 87 gliosarcoma patients in the institutional cohort. Compared to a contemporary cohort of 492 glioblastoma, there was no difference in overall survival, though progression free survival was inferior for patients with gliosarcoma (p = 0.01). Several of the most-commonly altered genes in gliosarcoma were more frequently altered than in glioblastoma (NF1, PTEN, TP53), while others were less frequently altered than in glioblastoma (EGFR). CDKN2A/CDKN2B/MTAP alterations were associated with inferior survival on univariate Cox (HR = 5.4, p = 0.023). When pooled with 93 patients from the GENIE cohort, CDKN2A/B (HR = 1.75, p = 0.039), RB1 (HR = 0.51, p = 0.016), LRP1B (p = 0.050, HR = 2.0), and TSC2 (HR = 0.31, p = 0.048) alterations or loss were significantly associated with survival. These effects remained when controlled for age, sex, and cohort of origin with multivariate Cox.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Gliosarcoma has a similar overall survival but worse response to treatment and different mutational profile than glioblastoma. CDKN2A/B loss and LRP1B alterations were associated with inferior prognosis, while RB1 or TSC2 alterations were associated with improved outcomes. These findings may have implications for clinical management and therapeutic selection in this patient population.</p>","PeriodicalId":16425,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuro-Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142545975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term trends of publications in journal of neuro-oncology: a bibliographic study of a core journal in the field of neuro-oncology.","authors":"S Farzad Maroufi, S Parmis Maroufi, Mohammad Sadegh Fallahi, Jason P Sheehan","doi":"10.1007/s11060-024-04869-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-024-04869-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The Journal of Neuro-Oncology (JNO), established in 1983, plays a key role in publishing research on brain and spinal cord tumors. This study examines JNO's publication trends, focusing on country and gender representation to highlight its global impact.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Statistical analyses were conducted using R. Gender of the first authors was predicted using a gender-guesser, and author affiliations were used to determine publication countries. We introduced a novel Country-Related Diversity (CRD) index to assess the JNO's representativeness, comparing a country's JNO publications to its overall neurosurgical output. An index value of 1 indicates proportional representation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The JNO corpus, spanning from 1983 to 2024, comprises 8,154 documents with an average document age of 14.4 years. The average citation count per document is 28.71, with a rate of 2.16 citations per document per year. JNO's scientific output has grown significantly, peaking at 397 articles in 2011, with a long-term annual growth rate of 3.7%. The keyword analysis highlights \"glioblastoma\" as the most frequent term, reflecting the journal's neuro-oncological focus. Geographically, the U.S. led with 2,535 articles (40.1%), followed by China and Germany. International collaboration rose steadily, with multi-country publications increasing from 4.76% in 1983 to 20.98% in 2024. Analyzing contributions from different countries showed a converging CRD index toward 1 (P < 0.01), with U.S. and non-U.S. countries trending similarly. Upper-middle-income countries displayed fluctuating CRD patterns, whereas lower-middle-income countries lagged behind. Authorship analysis showed an increasing trend in co-authorship (P < 0.01), with the average number of authors per paper reaching 10.4 by 2024. Gender representation revealed a growing number of female first and senior authors, although males still dominate. By 2024, 32.9% of first authors and 21.6% of senior authors were female, signaling a gradual trend toward gender parity (P < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The CRD index offers a standardized measure of country-specific research representation in the JNO. The convergence towards 1 reflects balanced international representation. JNO publication also reflects a trend toward gender equity, with a notable rise in female first authors, enhancing global research inclusivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":16425,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuro-Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142545974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors treated with stereotactic radiosurgery.","authors":"Inhwa Kim, Michael Yan, Michel Sourour, Robert Heaton, Colin Faulkner, Aristotelis Kalyvas, Dana M Keilty, Michael D Cusimano, David Payne, Normand Laperriere, David B Shultz, Saira B Alli, Gelareh Zadeh, Derek S Tsang","doi":"10.1007/s11060-024-04864-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-024-04864-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (pitNETs) are benign tumors that may recur after surgical resection or persist following medical management. The objective of this study was to evaluate outcomes and toxicities of patients with pitNETs treated with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) at a single institution.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We completed a retrospective, single-institution study of patients with pitNETs treated with frame-based, single-fraction, cobalt-60 SRS between September 2005 and June 2023. The primary endpoint was local tumor control. Secondary endpoints included endocrine control (for functional tumors), overall survival, and toxicities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 88 lesions in 83 patients were treated with SRS. Most lesions (70%) were non-functional tumors. Of the 26 functioning tumors, 6 patients achieved endocrine remission with SRS alone (23%), and the remainder achieved remission with combined medical management. With a median patient follow-up of 4.7 years, no local tumor recurrences were observed with an estimated local control probability of 100%. Two- and five-year overall survival estimates were 97% (95% confidence interval [CI] 89-99) and 95% (95% CI 84-98), respectively. Causes of death were unrelated to PitNET or SRS. Twelve patients (14%) developed hypopituitarism after SRS. Despite the 34 lesions that were ≤ 3 mm from optic structures, no patients developed any optic neuropathy or visual decline post SRS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SRS is a highly effective modality for recurrent or residual pitNETs. This study observed a local control of 100% with no cases of optic toxicities after a median follow-up of 4.7 years. These observed findings suggest that dose de-escalation may be possible for future treatment of pitNETs.</p>","PeriodicalId":16425,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuro-Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142522091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-term sensorimotor training incorporating cognitive tasks for pediatric survivors of posterior fossa tumors: a pilot study.","authors":"Elizaveta Romanova, Alena Deviaterikova, Vera Tolchennikova, Alexander Karelin, Vladimir Kasatkin","doi":"10.1007/s11060-024-04858-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-024-04858-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Posterior fossa tumors account for half of all childhood brain tumors, prompting the search for effective and affordable interventions to combat the neurocognitive and motor sequelae of the tumor and its treatment. The main aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the feasibility and effects of sensorimotor training incorporating cognitive tasks for a group of pediatric survivors of posterior fossa tumors.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 48 participants (M_age= 12.3 ± 3.25 years, 41.7% female; 56% with malignant tumors) in remission after completing treatment for posterior fossa tumors were enrolled. Participants received 3 weeks of sensorimotor training targeting visual-motor and cognitive abilities on a FitLight Trainer™. The protocol consisted of 2-3 15-minute training sessions per week, with each session including tasks designed to promote: (1) eye-hand and eye-foot coordination and motor control (simple sensorimotor reaction task); (2) inhibitory control (inhibition task); (3) inhibitory control and working memory (color task).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants completed an average of six sessions, indicating a moderate adherence rate. Results showed a significant reduction in visuomotor reaction time across age and tumor subgroups in nearly all tasks, which might indicate improvement in the targeted functions, with performance characteristics varying across subgroups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results suggest that training might be a feasible intervention to promote visual-motor performance in pediatric survivors of posterior fossa tumors across age and tumor type groups, however, further research should address the assessment issues and other limitations of the present study, to provide a more substantial justification for the use of this training.</p>","PeriodicalId":16425,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuro-Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142522092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression features of targets for anti-glioma CAR-T cell immunotherapy.","authors":"Peng Zhang, Chunzhao Li, Yi Wang, Xiaohan Chi, Tai Sun, Qianhe Zhang, Yang Zhang, Nan Ji","doi":"10.1007/s11060-024-04855-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-024-04855-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the expression features of common anti-glioma CAR-T targets (B7H3, CSPG4, EGFRv III, HER2 and IL-13Ra2) in gliomas with different grades and molecular subtypes, and explore the association of target expression with glioma malignant or immune phenotypes including immune evasion, stemness, antigen presentation, and tumor angiogenesis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Opal™ Multiplex immunofluorescence staining was performed on glioma tissues to detect the expression of targets, and biomarkers related to the phenotypes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>High variety of CAR-T target expression among glioma subtypes was observed. GBMs exhibited the highest expression level of all the examined targets among glioma subtypes. In all glioma cases, CSPG4 was the most prevalent target covering over 84% glioma cases, followed by B7H3 at over 64%. B7H3 exhibited the highest coverage (94%) in GBMs while CSPG4 was the most popular target in both oligodendrogliomas and astrocytomas, covering 94% and 80% cases, respectively. Bi or tri-target combination strategies markedly expanded the tumor coverage across glioma cases while increased tumor-cell coverage within tumor. PD-L1 expression was significantly enriched in all the target-positive cells (except the EGFRvIII⁺ cells); CD133 expression was higher in the CSPG4⁺ or IL-13Ra2⁺ cells, and CD31 elevated in the B7H3⁺ cells, as compared with their negative cell populations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Anti-glioma CAR-T targets have heterogenous expression and distinct tumor coverage among glioma subtypes, and closely correlate with glioma malignant or immune phenotypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16425,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuro-Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142522090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting the RAS/MAPK pathway in children with glioma.","authors":"Chantel Cacciotti, Uri Tabori, Cynthia Hawkins, Julie Bennett","doi":"10.1007/s11060-024-04857-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-024-04857-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Pediatric gliomas are the most common brain tumor in children, encompassing both low-grade glioma (pLGG) and high-grade glioma (pHGG). Alterations in the RAS/MAPK pathway are the driver event in the majority of pLGG and account for a subset of pHGG. Identification of these alterations has resulted in the transition to targeted therapy as a treatment option.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In pLGG, multiple trials have demonstrated superior outcomes using targeted therapy compared to traditional chemotherapy regimens. This has transformed care for these patients over the past decade with targeted therapy moving into front-line treatment regimens in certain scenarios. Despite these advances, novel targeted therapy approaches continue to present unique challenges to patient care, including optimal duration of therapy, distinct toxicity profiles and the unknown potential impact on the natural history of disease. While targeted therapy has revolutionized treatment of pLGG, additional questions remain in regard to pHGG including the role of targeted therapy in combination with other treatments, such as chemotherapy/radiation, and mechanisms of resistance. These developments are promising treatment options for pediatrics gliomas, enabling a move towards precision medicine.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Herein, we review the role of RAS/MAPK targeted therapy for treatment of pediatric glioma along with the current controversies and outstanding questions.</p>","PeriodicalId":16425,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuro-Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142502294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}