Journal of Geochemical Exploration最新文献

{"title":"Airborne hyperspectral mapping and shortwave infrared spectroscopy of white mica from the Baiyanghe uranium district, Northwest China, with applications in exploration","authors":"Qingjun Xu ,&nbsp;Zhixin Zhang ,&nbsp;Jing Wang ,&nbsp;Ruiwei Li ,&nbsp;Chuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Yilong Wang ,&nbsp;Ding Wu ,&nbsp;Fawang Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.gexplo.2025.107881","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gexplo.2025.107881","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Airborne hyperspectral and shortwave infrared (SWIR) spectroscopy technology has significant advantages and application prospects in the fine identification and mapping of alteration minerals. The white mica spectra contain rich geological information, including the hydrothermal environment in which white mica formed and its relationship with mineralization. How variations in the chemical components, temperature, and pH of hydrothermal fluid constrain the Al–OH wavelengths of white mica in meso-epithermal deposits is still debated. Moreover, the relationships between uranium mineralization and the spectral parameters of white mica in hydrothermal uranium deposits are poorly understood. In this study, we present shortwave infrared airborne spectral imager (SASI) hyperspectral data, SWIR FieldSpec4 hyperspectral data, petrography data, and geochemical data, including those from X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), and hydrogen and oxygen isotopes, for white mica from the Baiyanghe uranium district. The SASI airborne hyperspectral alteration mineral mapping shows that the distribution of white mica exhibits distinct zoning characteristics. The SWIR and XRD analyses indicate that the alteration minerals are mainly quartz, chlorite, and illite, with Al–OH absorption wavelengths ranging from 2190 nm to 2220 nm. The geochemical compositions indicate an obvious Tschermak substitution in white mica and suggest that variations in the Al–OH wavelengths of white mica are affected mainly by the Fe and Mg contents and Fe/(Fe + Mg) ratios in addition to the wall rock composition and hydrothermal fluid. The presence of Al-rich (Si-poor) white mica with a shorter Al–OH wavelength at approximately 2200 nm indicates a relatively high-temperature and acidic hydrothermal environment. In contrast, the presence of Al-poor (Si-rich) white mica with a longer Al–OH wavelength at approximately 2200 nm suggests a relatively low-temperature and neutral hydrothermal environment. In addition, white micas close to uranium mineralization in the northern contact zone between the Yangzhuang granite porphyry and the Devonian intermediate–acid volcanic rocks of the Baiyanghe uranium district have shorter Al–OH wavelengths, greater illite spectral maturity index (ISM) values, and lower full width at half maximum at approximately 2200 nm (FWHM2200) values than those not associated with uranium mineralization. The spatial distributions and variations in the Al–OH wavelengths, ISM values, and FWHM2200 values for white mica suggest that a hydrothermal mineralization center may be located in the northern contact zone, indicating that white mica can be used as an important indicator of alteration minerals for uranium exploration in the Xuemisitan uranium metallogenic belt or other hydrothermal deposits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16336,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 107881"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144896089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The lithium mineralization potential of Pan-African pegmatites in Mozambique","authors":"Violeta Lavínia Bunzula ,&nbsp;Axel Müller ,&nbsp;Muriel Erambert ,&nbsp;Valby van Schijndel ,&nbsp;Bernhard Schulz ,&nbsp;Jens Götze ,&nbsp;Sabine Gilbricht ,&nbsp;Jiří Sláma ,&nbsp;Siri Simonsen","doi":"10.1016/j.gexplo.2025.107882","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gexplo.2025.107882","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Pan-African rare-element pegmatites of the Alto Ligonha Pegmatite District in northern Mozambique contain abundant Li-rich micas and primary Li aluminosilicates, such as spodumene. Given the rising global demand for Li in the manufacture of Li-ion batteries, these pegmatites are viewed as potential hard rock sources of Li. In this study, five pegmatites from the Alto Ligonha region were investigated to gain a better understanding of the fractionation processes of pegmatite melts that lead to Li enrichment and to assess the economic potential of the Li mineralization. Mica, quartz, and spodumene collected from various zones within these pegmatites were analyzed. Contents of Li, Rb, Cs, Ta, and Tl in mica and of Li and Al in quartz reveal a very strong internal fractionation of the pegmatite melt with progressing crystallization. Li₂O contents in micas increase from 0.1 to 1.4 wt% in the wall zones, to 0.3–1.7 wt% in the intermediate zones, to 1.5–3.8 wt% in the core zones and up to 5.4 wt% in the core zone pockets. Using known mica/melt Li partition coefficients, the Li contents of the melt at the initial crystallization stage was calculated to be between 315 and 3910 ppm for the Li-rich pegmatites. The Li saturation of about 5000 ppm in respect to spodumene crystallization was exceeded for most pegmatites at the final core-zone crystallization. The theoretical calculations confirm field observations that spodumene occurs in pegmatite core zones only. The analyzed spodumene show low and variable bulk Li₂O contents between 1.2 and 3.0 wt%. The low Li contents in spodumene are mainly the result of kaolinization due to tropical weathering. The final deposition of the released Li, however, could not be identified. Inferred resource calculations revealed that the investigated pegmatites contain low Li₂O tonnages. However, spodumene as well as Li-rich mica might be mined selectively as a by-product of gemstone and columbite-tantalite mining.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16336,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 107882"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144913743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Major, trace, and Rare Earth Element (REE) characteristics of the mentebteb lateritic iron deposit, northern Ethiopia","authors":"Teklay Gidey ,&nbsp;Miruts Hagos ,&nbsp;Yeman Gebru ,&nbsp;Bheemalingeswara ,&nbsp;Azeb Gebremicale","doi":"10.1016/j.gexplo.2025.107869","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gexplo.2025.107869","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rare earth elements (REEs) fractionation and accumulation in Mentebteb lateritic Fe deposits are the key processes with direct implications for REE exploration in weathered terrains. This study investigates the distribution, mobility, and controls on REE behavior across a lateritic weathering profile, using an integrated approach that combines petrographic analysis, X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD), and geochemical techniques such as Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The profile is divided into three main horizons: a lateritic iron horizon, a clay-rich lateritic horizon, and ferruginous sandstone. In the lateritic iron horizon, hematite is identified as the dominant Fe-bearing mineral, with subordinate goethite and accessory quartz, feldspar, and kaolinite. The Geochemical data reveal that REEs are differentially fractionated and enriched along the profile, with Fe-oxyhydroxides playing a major role in REE accumulation, particularly in the lateritic iron horizon. The positive correlations between Fe, Cr, V, Co, Ni, and ΣLREE/ΣHREE ratios suggest selective sorption and co-precipitation of REEs with Fe phases in the lateritic iron horizon. In contrast, the negative correlation between Al₂O₃ and these elements in the upper lateritic horizon suggests a negligible role of clay minerals in REE retention. However, Al₂O₃ exhibits variable correlations with V (<em>r</em> = 0.27; <em>r</em> = −0.37), Cr (<em>r</em> = 0.61; <em>r</em> = −0.79), Ni (<em>r</em> = 0.52; <em>r</em> = −0.48), and Co (<em>r</em> = 0.65; <em>r</em> = −0.52) in the clay-rich lateritic and ferruginous sandstone layers, indicating that clay minerals influence element mobility in the clay-rich horizon but have minimal impact in the ferruginous sandstone. REE fractionation patterns is evidenced by La/Y ratios is depleted in the lateritic iron horizon (La/Y &lt; 1, 0.87–0.99) and enriched in the clay-rich horizon (La/Y &gt; 1, 1.08–1.36) and ferruginous sandstone (La/Y &gt; 1, 1.27–1.76). These variations in the REE dispersion and fractionation trends are controlled by weathering intensity, redox conditions, acid dissolution, mineral breakdown and differential solubility effects which drive leaching, complexation, and secondary enrichment processes. The observed REE behavior underscores the importance of lateritization in concentrating critical metals and provides geochemical criteria for vectoring towards REE-enriched zones. This study highlights the importance of lateritization processes in REE accumulation and provides a framework for REE exploration in weathered Fe deposits, particularly in lateritic terrains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16336,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 107869"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144722419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving spatial interpolation for anomaly analysis in presence of sparse, clustered or imprecise data sets","authors":"Stéphane Belbèze ,&nbsp;Jérémy Rohmer ,&nbsp;Dominique Guyonnet ,&nbsp;Philippe Négrel ,&nbsp;Timo Tarvainen","doi":"10.1016/j.gexplo.2025.107868","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gexplo.2025.107868","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we present a new method of interpolation and anomaly detection especially designed for sparse, clustered or imprecise environmental data (SIC). Such data cannot be processed by current state of the art spatial methods and models, including the most widely used, such as kriging. Indeed, the statistics obtained on SIC data (on the order of 5–30) do not allow us to define a covariance or to calibrate the numerous hyper-parameters of sophisticated Bayesian or deep image prior models. We therefore adapted an information dissemination algorithm to handle SIC data. This probabilistic model has been enriched (anisotropy, de-clustering, auto-variography, multi-support, treatment of covariates, and censored data) in a way that fully meets the needs for environmental SIC data and can be used in conjunction with hybrid propagation of epistemic and aleatoric uncertainties and anomaly detection, whatever their mathematical form. The new interpolator for anomaly detection was applied on a very small set of 13 sparse data points characteristic of small-scale environmental studies, on digital-challenge datasets and on two real datasets, i.e., a large-scale geochemical dataset and a SIC urban soil dataset. Results highlight the added value of the proposed algorithm, that is able to pinpoint anomalies in SIC data, while avoiding in particular the smoothing effects of certain previous methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16336,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 107868"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144829533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indoor radon and its relationship with rock uranium concentration in western Liguria (Italy)","authors":"Linda Bonorino ,&nbsp;Gianluca Beccaris ,&nbsp;Paolo Chiozzi ,&nbsp;Andrea Cogorno ,&nbsp;Elga Filippi ,&nbsp;Sonja Prandi ,&nbsp;Massimo Verdoya","doi":"10.1016/j.gexplo.2025.107867","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gexplo.2025.107867","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We recorded indoor radon concentrations in dwellings and measured uranium, thorium and potassium contents in rocks of western Liguria (Italy). This area, characterised by a wide geo-lithological variability with rocks spanning from sedimentary to metasedimentary and metavolcanic, was never deeply investigated for indoor radon or uranium concentration. High levels of indoor radon concentration, exceeding 200 Bq m⁻³, were recorded in buildings located on the pre-Mesozoic basement that crops out for approximately 65 % of the survey area and shows a maximum average uranium concentration of about 7 mg kg⁻¹. The uranium and the indoor radon concentrations measured on the same lithological groups are strictly correlated. Indoor radon concentrations &gt;200 Bq m⁻³ are mostly recorded when the rock uranium content exceeds 4.5 mg kg⁻¹. We suggest that the uranium‑radon correlation can be used as an effective baseline for studies of radon potential evaluation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16336,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 107867"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144679584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Molybdenum and gold distribution variances within Iranian copper porphyry deposits” [J. Geochem. Explor. 261 (June 2024) 107471]","authors":"Seyed Mehran Heidari ,&nbsp;Peyman Afzal ,&nbsp;Behnam Sadeghi","doi":"10.1016/j.gexplo.2025.107854","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gexplo.2025.107854","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16336,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 107854"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145018552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Host minerals of lithium in Jiujialu Formation Li–rich claystones in South China, and implications for the genesis","authors":"Jihua Yang ,&nbsp;Hanjie Wen ,&nbsp;Chongguang Luo ,&nbsp;Yuxu Zhang ,&nbsp;Wenxiu Yu ,&nbsp;Chuanwei Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.gexplo.2025.107865","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gexplo.2025.107865","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lithium is a critical metal, and recent discoveries have identified significant lithium enrichment in the Late Paleozoic Jiujialu Formation (C₁jj) of southwestern China. However, the specific mineral hosts of lithium remain a topic of debate. This study examines two representative sections of the Jiujialu Formation, utilizing major and trace element analysis, δ⁷Li, SEM-EDS, and XRD techniques. However, previous TOF-SIMS studies have shown that lithium is not enriched in K-rich illite. Furthermore, ion exchange experiments indicate that approximately 6 % of lithium can be exchanged by Na⁺. This finding, combined with δ⁷Li values, XRD patterns, and SEM–EDS data, supports further interpretation. In conjunction with a review of previous research on the formation and transformation of clay minerals, this study suggests that lithium is predominantly hosted in the smectite crystal lattice of illite-smectite mixed layers. It proposes a two-stage diagenetic process for the formation of lithium-rich claystones: the first stage involves the formation of lithium-rich smectite, and the second stage entails the transformation of this smectite into illite and chlorite during diagenesis. In the first stage, weathering of argillaceous dolomite created an alkaline, stagnant, and closed sedimentary environment that facilitated the formation of lithium-rich smectite. In the second stage, lithium-rich smectite, as a precursor, undergoes illitization and chloritization. While illitization leads to the formation of stable illite-smectite mixed layers, chloritization of smectite is less likely to form stable chlorite-smectite mixed layers. Consequently, claystones with higher illite content tend to have higher lithium concentrations. Furthermore, complete illitization and chloritization result in the formation of low-lithium claystones. This study resolves discrepancies in previous research and provides a new perspective on the relationship between the diagenetic processes of lithium-rich claystones and the variations in lithium content.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16336,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 107865"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144722420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ore-forming processes of the Chuankou tungsten ore field, South China: New insights into Maowan quartz veins scheelite generation and mineralization genesis","authors":"Or Aimon Brou Koffi Kablan ,&nbsp;Binhai Wang ,&nbsp;Yuzheng Shi ,&nbsp;Syed Yasir Ali Shah ,&nbsp;Baoyi Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.gexplo.2025.107864","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gexplo.2025.107864","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Maowan tungsten quartz vein-type deposit in the Chuankou W area in southern China is predominantly associated with Mesozoic granitic intrusion and Neoproterozoic rocks. Three generations of scheelite (Sch-1, Sch-2a, 2b, and Sch-3) in five types of granite mass were identified based on their occurrences, geochemistry analyses, and mineral paragenesis. The Mo concentration (MoO₃) of scheelite decreases from 34.7 to 14.3 % (Sch-1) to 4.1–2.3 % (Sch-2a), then to 2.3–0.2 % (Sch-2b), and lastly to 0.9–0 % (Sch-3). Values of δ¹⁸O_scheelite and δ¹⁸O_wolframite show relative homogeneous contents (6.62–8.30 ‰ and 7.55–9.56 ‰), while chalcopyrite δ³⁴S ranges between −3.55–1.93 ‰. These changes in composition indicate early magmatism stage from moderate oxidizing to reducing conditions before returning to oxidizing at the late stage. Scheelite substitution mechanisms coupled with the correlation between REE and La reflect strong fluid–rock interactions within Nb-rich environments for Sch-1 and Sch-2, while Na-rich fluids are implied for Sch-3. Granites from Maowan W deposit exhibit two varieties of chondrite-normalized REE patterns, independent of scheelite classification. The type-1 is characterized by an obvious peak of W-enriched, whereas type-2 is MREE-depleted with strong negative Eu anomaly. The relatively wide variations in Nb/Ta vs. Sr and La vs. REE ratios among different generations of scheelite indicate that the hydrothermal fluids responsible for Sch-1 to Sch-3 were derived from remelted mixing fluids, likely associated with local extension under tectonic dominant regime. Study results on scheelite generation and REE precipitation events establish that ore-rich rocks first undergo early-stage metasomatism and filling, then partial fluid melting state releases abundant Ca- and Fe-rich minerals for either scheelite- or wolframite-bearing quartz veins, and refilling occurs through the contribution of recycled meteoric water at the late stage. The distinct variations in REE configuration in scheelite, within the ore field, reflect the multiple levels of mineralization during the metallogenic Episode I event in South China Block.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16336,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 107864"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144604938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delineating new targets in a komatiite-hosted magmatic nickel sulfide prospect - Emu Lake, Kalpini, Western Australia","authors":"Louise Schoneveld ,&nbsp;Walid Salama ,&nbsp;Stephen Barnes ,&nbsp;Catherine Spaggiari ,&nbsp;Margaux Le Vaillant","doi":"10.1016/j.gexplo.2025.107863","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gexplo.2025.107863","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study tests the use of litho-geochemistry and indicator mineral analysis to delineate new exploration targets within the Emu Lake komatiite-hosted magmatic sulfide prospect within the Archean Eastern Goldfields Superterrane of Western Australia.</div><div>Massive sulfide was recently intercepted at the basal contact of a komatiite unit informally known as the Western ultramafic. The extent of this mineralisation is difficult to track along the ~15 km strike length of the ultramafic sequence due to multiple overlying and underlying barren komatiite flows and significant fault offsets. Whole-rock geochemistry shows that the Western ultramafic unit has distinctly lower Ni/Cr ratios than other ultramafic rocks in the sequence and sits firmly within the 50th percentile of channelised sheet flow komatiitic facies. This Ni/Cr ratio helps distinguish the nickel sulfide-bearing unit from the other komatiitic flows and was used to outline a new target where further drilling was successful in finding sulfide.</div><div>Indicator minerals within the Emu Lake prospect consist of arsenides and chromite. Chromites within the Western ultramafic have lower Ru contents than those within the other ultramafic units, marking interaction between silicate and sulfide melts. Arsenides are also present at Emu Lake and their Pd/Pt values signify arsenic-rich fluids interacted with magmatic sulfide accumulation along shear or fault zones. Surface samples collected above the mineralised area at the Emu Lake prospect contained sulfides (pentlandite and chalcopyrite). Primary sulfides sampled at the surface have the potential to be a powerful ex-situ indicator mineral and could be applied to magmatic sulfide exploration in greenfield terranes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16336,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 107863"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144605454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anaerobic oxidation of antimony under ambient conditions: Complex roles of pH value, soil adsorption and microbial community","authors":"Zikui Zheng ,&nbsp;Yumeng Gao ,&nbsp;Liyuan Ma ,&nbsp;Xingjie Wang ,&nbsp;Hongmei Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaolu Lu ,&nbsp;Deng Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.gexplo.2025.107866","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gexplo.2025.107866","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The oxidation of Sb(III) to Sb(V) reduces the toxicity of Sb, and nitrate acts as an electron acceptor coupled with Sb(III) oxidation under anaerobic conditions. However, the behavior of antimony anaerobic oxidation under ambient conditions has not been well elucidated. This work investigated the anaerobic oxidation of Sb(III) in soil and soilless microcosms, and the soil adsorption, microbial adsorption and intracellular accumulation of Sb(III) and Sb(V) at different pH values were tracked. In soil microcosms, up to 96.5 % Sb(III) and 19.4 % Sb(V) were adsorbed by soil, and acidic conditions facilitated Sb(V) adsorption. In soilless microcosms, microbial effects on Sb were also pH-dependent. More Sb(III) was adsorbed to the cell surface than Sb(V) under alkaline conditions, and the intracellular accumulation of Sb(III) and Sb(V) achieved a maximum under neutral conditions. The presence of soil significantly changed the composition of the microbial community, enriching anaerobic Sb-oxidizing taxa, including <em>Bacillus</em> and <em>Ensifer</em>, and potentially enhancing overall microbial metabolic activities. These results suggested that the Sb anaerobic oxidation under ambient conditions was a complex process involving many abiotic and biotic factors. Soil adsorption was the main factor that resulted in notable interference when capturing the weak nitrate-dependent Sb oxidation. In this study, the effects of soil pH and microbial influences on Sb presence patterns and potential transport behaviours were investigated to provide important insights into the remediation of Sb-contaminated soils, particularly in anaerobic environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16336,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 107866"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144580386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}