MOJ Gerontology & Geriatrics最新文献

{"title":"Planning and diagnostic nursing strategy in the clinical management of the patient with hyperthroidism","authors":"Astasio Picado Álvaro","doi":"10.15406/mojgg.2022.07.00281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mojgg.2022.07.00281","url":null,"abstract":"Hyperthyroidism is a common disease that affects 0.8% of the population in Europe. It occurs when the thyroid gland produces more thyroid hormones than your body needs. There are several types of treatment, such as antithyroid drugs, treatment with radioactive iodine (131I) and finally surgery, in addition to these treatments, reference is made to a good hygienic-dietary orientation. Objective: to assess from the nursing field the safest and most effective type of hyperthyroidism treatment, including the risk factors to take into account when carrying out these. Methodology: systematic searches were carried out in bibliographic sources of trials and articles published between 2015 and 2021. Including studies that contained data on risk factors for hyperthyroidism. Results: of 426 related articles found, 13 met the inclusion criteria. Total thyroidectomy surgery induced a 26% therapeutic failure rate and 95% radioactive iodine treatment compared to the 19.1% therapeutic failure in antithyroid drug treatment. Conclusion: Despite the verification of the efficacy of all existing hyperthyroidism treatments, antithyroid drugs have greater efficacy and safety than the rest of the treatments studied, in relation to the time and rate of remission. On the other hand, risk factors such as tobacco and female sex are evidenced, which are negative factors when carrying out treatment for hyperthyroidism.","PeriodicalId":163225,"journal":{"name":"MOJ Gerontology & Geriatrics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131086346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anaemia - a common syndrome in old age","authors":"Mariana Georgieva Yordanova","doi":"10.15406/mojgg.2021.06.00279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mojgg.2021.06.00279","url":null,"abstract":"Anaemia is a common syndrome in the elderly (age>65 years), combined with changes and diseases characteristic of ageing. There are currently nearly 500 million (7%) adults over the age of 65 in the world. According to statistics, there are about 15 million older people with anaemia in the European Union. This number is likely to increase in the coming years due to the ageing population in Western societies.1 The acute anaemic syndrome is dominated by symptoms of decreased circulatory volume, such as dizziness, syncope and hypotension. While in the chronic course, anaemia can be asymptomatic and be detected accidentally in a laboratory test. Suspicious signs are a reduced ability to carry oxygen, such as general weakness, fatigue and shortness of breath, for which age changes are often blamed. Worsening of concomitant conditions such as angina, heart failure, CKD and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease has been observed. Older people with anaemia of any degree have a deteriorating quality of life due to significantly higher morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this review is to summarize the most common etiological causes of anaemia in the elderly, clinical consequences, and guidelines for diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":163225,"journal":{"name":"MOJ Gerontology & Geriatrics","volume":"23 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114093421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Osteoarthritis and fear","authors":"R. Marks","doi":"10.15406/mojgg.2021.06.00278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mojgg.2021.06.00278","url":null,"abstract":"Osteoarthritis, a largely intractable health condition with incalculable health and financial and social costs and ramifications among many older adults remains an essentially intractable condition. Commonly instructed to exercise to combat pain, the role of fear is seldom discussed as an enormously influential exercise impediment in this regard. This mini review highlights aspects of the research that imply consideration of fears rather than exercise prescription alone may be more helpful than not in efforts to allay the enormous suffering experienced by most older adults diagnosed as having osteoarthritis of one or more joints.","PeriodicalId":163225,"journal":{"name":"MOJ Gerontology & Geriatrics","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116023486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stroke unities: the role of the occupational therapist and the perception of the multidisciplinary team","authors":"António Arsénio Duarte, Ana Paula Martin, Diana Santos, R. Santos, Rita P. A. Viegas","doi":"10.15406/mojgg.2021.06.00276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mojgg.2021.06.00276","url":null,"abstract":"Every second a person in the world suffers from a stroke, not surprising, therefore, that stroke is the leading cause of death and morbidity in Portugal. Increasingly, acute stroke is considered a medical emergency. The evidence proves that the treatment of these patients in specialized units (stroke units) is effective in acute stroke. A stroke unit is a hospital area where professionals with specific, well-defined training work, who provide care to stroke patients who are already stabilized, but are still in an acute phase(DGS, 2001). The aim of this study is to understand the role of the occupational therapist in stroke units and to identify the perspective of the multidisciplinary team on their work, clarifying what are the advantages of this professional in the team. The study falls within the qualitative paradigm, exploratory and descriptive. Semi-structured interviews were performed to 39 health professionals. The technique used was the content analysis of interviews. Based on previously established categories, other categories emerged.","PeriodicalId":163225,"journal":{"name":"MOJ Gerontology & Geriatrics","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128129621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of social isolation on a selected group of older brazilians within the context of the covid-19 pandemic","authors":"Natalia Sperli Geraldes Marin dos Santos Sasaki, M. Louvison, Camila G. Pancote, Maria de Lourdes Sperli Geraldes Santos, Amena Alcântara Ferraz Cury, A. C. D. DA Silva, E. Monteiro, A. Kalache","doi":"10.15406/mojgg.2021.06.00274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mojgg.2021.06.00274","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This paper is an examination of the experiences of a selected group of older Brazilians people which aims to analyse how they have been impacted by COVID-19 and, particularly, how they have been affected by protective social isolation measures. Methodology: 42 older residents of Sao Jose do Rio Preto were interviewed by phone. The applied script question was developed by International Longevity Centre the Netherlands, based at the Leyden Academy on Vitality and Aging. The data collection instrument consisted of five categories of analysis: social activities, social contacts and connectivity, well-being, vitality and health, and COVID-19 news and reports. Results: All in-person social activity ceased with the implementation of the isolation measures. Most of the interviewees pointed out to be suffering do to absence of their children, grand-children, other relatives and close friends from whom they have being apart since the beginning of the Corona virus pandemic. A large number of the interviewees recognized a worsening of their health condition and attributed it to the suspension of the physical activities and the social life that they had before isolation. Conclusion: The interviewed showed some insight about the experiences of older Brazilian adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. They all revealed a strong awareness of their physical vulnerability regarding corona virus. Most accepted the need to protect themselves through isolation or any other measures. However, there are barriers that difficulty the elderly people isolation as they live with of member of the family with different ages and in poor financial situations.","PeriodicalId":163225,"journal":{"name":"MOJ Gerontology & Geriatrics","volume":"222 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132586181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nurse strategy in the prevention of acute cerebrovascular accident in young adult population","authors":"Astasio Picado Álvaro","doi":"10.15406/MOJGG.2021.06.00273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/MOJGG.2021.06.00273","url":null,"abstract":"Strokes in young users generate a high number of deaths, and a high rate of disability in this population, causing a demand for care and attention that influence both the affected person and their family. The health professional has to carry out a crucial task in the early identification of risk factors, as well as developing effective prevention measures to solve this problem. For this reason, the objective of this narrative review is to analyze the preventive measures carried out by nursing professionals in the care of young patients susceptible to having a stroke, due to the high increase in its incidence. The search for the articles was carried out in various scientific databases with the help of a search string, which combined the keywords and Boolean operators. Twenty-four studies were selected, which indicated that most preventive measures focus on factors such as hypertension, without taking into account its predictive factors, such as substance abuse. Using the ASCO etiologic classification helps establish a more accurate etiologic diagnosis. Nursing plays a fundamental role in maintaining secondary prevention measures, since 40 and 50% of patients abandon treatment after two or three years.","PeriodicalId":163225,"journal":{"name":"MOJ Gerontology & Geriatrics","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121676454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vaccination by COVID-19 in the elderly population and its relationship with life expectancy","authors":"Juan de Jesus Sandoval","doi":"10.15406/MOJGG.2021.06.00271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/MOJGG.2021.06.00271","url":null,"abstract":"Excess mortality during the coronavirus pandemic in the world is one of the phenomena that could most impact demographic indicators such as life expectancy. A short review was made of why this happens and what could counter it if there is a solution, from which, I conclude that it could be a judicious vaccination not only in the elderly population but also in people with associated comorbidities.","PeriodicalId":163225,"journal":{"name":"MOJ Gerontology & Geriatrics","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124700683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk and resiliency factors associated with poor sleep quality in elderly populations","authors":"R. Jesús, W. Fishbein","doi":"10.15406/MOJGG.2021.06.00270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/MOJGG.2021.06.00270","url":null,"abstract":"According to the National Sleep Foundation’s 2020 Sleep in America® poll, Americans report feeling sleepy an average of three days a week, with many saying it impacts their daily activities, mood, mental acuity, and productivity.1 Among those reporting the highest frequencies of sleepiness, and an increased frequency of naps, are older Americans—with significantly higher proportion increasing with age: 24% for 75–84 year-olds as compared to 10% of 55–64 year-olds.2 Advanced aging, and accompanying health complications, appear to be a major contributor to the poor sleep quality experienced by older adults. Under normal conditions, the circadian rhythm promotes a regular daily cycle of nighttime sleep and daytime wakefulness and alertness.3 Aging transforms sleep architecture in a number of ways causing many sleep-related problems that directly impact health and cognition. For example, polysomnographic studies with older adults show that sleep is characterized by a decline in total sleep time and sleep efficiency;4,5 longer sleep onset latency, increased waking after sleep onset, and sleep fragmentation.6,7 In a study by Mander and colleagues8 it was demonstrated that medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) grey-matter atrophy exhibited in a small sample of older adults contributed to reduced NREM slow save activity (SWA), resulting in impaired long-term memory. Of clinical significance in the elderly, sleep disturbance is associated with decreased memory, impaired concentration, and impaired functional performance.9 Studies have confirmed that electroencephalogram (EEG) data in older adults show a decline in slow waves amplitude10 and a reduction in density and amplitude of sleep spindles.11 This change may be associated with the age-related cognitive impairments reported by older adults resulting from a weakening or disruption of the memory storage processes underlying sleep-dependent memory consolidation.12 Sleep is known to play a role in memory formation of newly learned information [for a review see 13];13 a finding reported in the literature to be tied to possible evolutionary advantages.14 Considering the important role that sleep plays in everyday life, it should not be dismissed as something that for older adults, is just a normal part of aging. In this short review, we highlight the impact of 4P factors that moderate the effects of sleep quality in older adults including: Predisposing factors; perpetuating factors; precipitating factors; and protective factors.","PeriodicalId":163225,"journal":{"name":"MOJ Gerontology & Geriatrics","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127587781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aging and gut brain axis","authors":"M. Suri","doi":"10.15406/mojgg.2021.06.00269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mojgg.2021.06.00269","url":null,"abstract":"Increased life expectancy in the 20th century is leading to a demographic shift resulting in population aging. It is a major medicosocial burden requiring the need for the diagnosis and the management of age related disorders. A large body of literature provide compelling evidence that a correlation exist between aging/ age-related chronic diseases with chronic inflammatory state.1–3 Review of literature in the geriateric research shows two important hypotheses associated with age-related inflammation: inflammaging4,5 and molecular inflammation.6–10 Gut microbes could unlock the secret to healthy aging. Various researchers reported the bidirectional crosstalk between the brain and the gut with reciprocal influence on their functions and dysfunctions. Therefore, research is going on in the field of potential diagnostic and therapeutic role of the microbiota in improving the altered gut-brain axis in elderly patients and the use of specific stool bacteria as biomarkers for disease progression.","PeriodicalId":163225,"journal":{"name":"MOJ Gerontology & Geriatrics","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128120771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unmasking normocalcaemic hyperparathyroidism (nPHPT) resulting in severe hypercalcaemia from lack of monitoring during in the COVID pandemic","authors":"Peter Chua, Su Xiao, E. Hui, Y. Baoku, E. Chua","doi":"10.15406/mojgg.2021.06.00268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/mojgg.2021.06.00268","url":null,"abstract":"Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a common endocrine disorder in the older person although the incidence of normocalcaemic primary hyperparathyroidism (nPHPT) remains largely unknown. Whilst the majority of patients with PHPT asymptomatic, we describe a case of severe symptomatic hypercalcaemia from undiagnosed nPHPT whilst on calcium and vitamin D supplements. This is an important reminder to clinicians that serum calcium should be monitored before and after initiation of calcium and vitamin D supplementation in the older person.","PeriodicalId":163225,"journal":{"name":"MOJ Gerontology & Geriatrics","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127043155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}