Journal of Intensive Care Medicine最新文献

{"title":"The Relationship Between Lactate Levels and Acute Kidney Injury Risk in Patients with Hemorrhagic Shock and Septic Shock: An Analysis Based on the MIMIC-IV Database.","authors":"Zhexuan Chen, Lingfeng Peng, Huankai Zhang, Duo Yang, Zongqiang Chen, Guibin Xie, Liangqing Zhang","doi":"10.1177/08850666251411914","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08850666251411914","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectivesThis study endeavors to examine the relationship between lactate (LA) levels and the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with hemorrhagic shock (HS) and septic shock (SS).Methods983 HS and 4086 SS patients from the MIMIC-IV database were included and analyzed using restricted cubic spline (RCS), Cox model, Kaplan-Meier (KM), and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.ResultsMultivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that elevated LA was significantly associated with higher risks of AKI and in-hospital mortality rate (IMR) (all P < .001). After adjusting for confounders, LA had a greater effect on AKI risk in SS patients (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.056 versus 1.05 in HS), whereas LA more strongly influenced IMR in HS patients (HR = 1.115 vs 1.08 in SS). The safe LA thresholds, where HR = 1, were 2.083 mmol/L for SS and 2.31 mmol/L for HS. KM analysis demonstrated significant differences in cumulative AKI incidence and IMR among different LA levels (Log-rank P < .001). In HS patients, AKI risk increased linearly with rising LA, reflecting cumulative hypoperfusion. In SS patients, AKI risk rose sharply at lower LA levels, likely due to the inflammatory cytokine storm. ROC analysis showed that LA improved the predictive performance of the Acute Physiology Score III (APSIII) and the Simplified Acute Physiology Score II (SAPSII), particularly in HS patients. The change in area under the curve (ΔAUC) of SAPSII for predicting IMR was +0.042 in HS and +0.013 in SS.ConclusionsLA is a key predictor of AKI risk and prognosis in HS or SS patients, and its impact is heterogeneous among different populations, suggesting that individualized monitoring thresholds are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":16307,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intensive Care Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"830-844"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145944535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to \"Severe Necrotizing Lung Infections: Definitions and Therapeutic Indications\".","authors":"Jernej Berden, Milica Lukić, Rok Zbačnik, Alenka Goličnik","doi":"10.1177/08850666261453847","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08850666261453847","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We greatly appreciate the comments of Rakovich and Kurz regarding our recently published article. In our correspondence, we clarify several issues raised by the authors regarding the definition, pathophysiology and management of necrotizing lung infections (NLI) in patients requiring VV-ECMO support for severe respiratory failure. We emphasize that there is currently no universally accepted radiological definition or volumetric cut-off for necrotizing pneumonia. Our study intentionally used a broader CT-based definition encompassing necrotizing pneumonia, lung abscess and necrotizing cavitation to capture the clinically relevant spectrum of destructive pulmonary complications observed in critically ill ECMO patients. Following the authors' suggestion, we additionally re-analysed our cohort using a proposed threshold of >50% non-enhancing consolidated parenchyma, with 55% of patients still fulfilling these criteria. We further clarify that our cohort consisted primarily of patients with severe ARDS requiring ECMO support in whom NLI developed as a complication of extensive pre-existing lung injury, rather than as the primary cause of refractory hypoxemia. The high proportion of viral pneumonia, particularly COVID-19, concomitant thromboembolic events, corticosteroid exposure and severe ventilation/perfusion abnormalities likely contributed to the high incidence of necrotic complications observed in our cohort. Finally, we agree that surgical intervention should remain a last-resort strategy in these patients and provide additional clinical data regarding surgically treated patients to better illustrate the severity of disease and indications for operative management.</p>","PeriodicalId":16307,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intensive Care Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"917-920"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148015980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-Intensive Care Syndrome in COVID-19 Patients in Spanish ICUs. One-Year Follow-Up. CoronaPICS Study.","authors":"Ángela Alonso-Ovies, María Ángeles de la Torre Ramos, Carlos Velayos Amo, Ana María de Pablo Hermida, Julia Tejero-Aranguren, Ángela Algaba Calderón, Gabriel Heras La Calle","doi":"10.1177/08850666261423125","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08850666261423125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>PurposeTo characterize post-intensive care syndrome (PICS) in critical patients who survived COVID-19 during the first pandemic wave and to follow PICS symptoms during one year.Material and methodsProspective, observational, multicenter cohort study conducted in 11 Spanish ICUs. Critically ill adult patients who survived SARS-CoV-2 infection and met risk criteria for PICS were included. In-person follow-up was conducted at 3, 6, and 12 months after hospital discharge, assessing physical, cognitive, psychological, and nutritional aspects, quality of life and return to daily activities.ResultsA total of 227 patients were included, of which 120 (52.9%) completed the 3 follow-up visits. Hand dynamometry showed muscle weakness in 40.9% of patients at 3 months, with improvement over time. Anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and cognitive impairment were observed in 32.9%, 24.3%, 13.8% and 46.1% of patients, respectively, at 3 months. While anxiety, depression and cognitive impairment slightly decreased over time, PTSD did not. Nutritional risk was significant at 3 months (42.4%), with gradually recovering (3.9% at 1 year). Patients' autonomy, and perception of physical and mental quality of life, improved over the months. At 3 months, 35% of patients had returned to work, and 58.3% at one year. A significant percentage of patients required assistance from physical therapy and mental health professionals after discharge.ConclusionSignificant impairment was observed in all areas of PICS in critically ill patients with COVID-19, with progressive improvement over one year of follow-up, with the adoption of physical, mental, cognitive, and nutritional support measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":16307,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intensive Care Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"889-903"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147290194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Clonidine Utilization for Dexmedetomidine Discontinuation in the Intensive Care Unit.","authors":"Sapna Basappa, Brittany Block, Priya Vallabh","doi":"10.1177/08850666251415527","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08850666251415527","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>PurposePrevious studies evaluating clonidine for dexmedetomidine weaning in critically ill patients have shown efficacy but are limited to smaller samples of adult or pediatric patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of enteral clonidine in the transition from dexmedetomidine for agitation and sedation in the intensive care unit (ICU).Materials and MethodsThis was a single-center, retrospective cohort study of adult patients admitted to an ICU at UMass Memorial Medical Center between May 1, 2022 to April 30, 2023 who received enteral clonidine for the indication of weaning dexmedetomidine. The primary outcome was discontinuation of dexmedetomidine within 24 h of starting enteral clonidine. A priori risk factors for the primary outcome included duration of dexmedetomidine prior to clonidine initiation, clonidine total daily dose, average Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores, history of a psychiatric disorder, intubation at time of clonidine initiation, and being on additional sedation agents at the time of clonidine initiation. Safety outcomes included the incidence of bradycardia, hypotension, and withdrawal.ResultsSeventy-three patients were included. The primary outcome of dexmedetomidine discontinuation within 24 h occurred in 38 patients (52%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis of the a priori risk factors indicated that non-intubated patients at the time of clonidine initiation were significantly more likely to achieve the primary outcome (OR 4.27, 95% CI 1.04-17.62, p = 0.04). Incidence of bradycardia (5% clonidine vs 16% dexmedetomidine, p = 0.04) and withdrawal (0% vs 49%, p < 0.0001) were higher while patients were on dexmedetomidine.ConclusionsClonidine was efficacious in weaning dexmedetomidine within 24 h in 52% of patients; however, the ideal dose and period for initiation remains unclear. Results of this study warrant further investigation to identify optimal clonidine dosing for dexmedetomidine weaning and to characterize patient populations that would benefit most from this intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":16307,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intensive Care Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"883-888"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146040906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thrombin Generation Measurement: A Novel Diagnostic and Prognostic Approach for Identifying Early-Stage Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation in Individuals with Sepsis.","authors":"Rana Turkal, Tülay Çevlik, Ahmet Faruk Tekin, Esra Tekin, Fethi Gül, Önder Şirikci, Goncagül Haklar","doi":"10.1177/08850666261423151","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08850666261423151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundDisseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a complex hemostatic disorder characterized by simultaneous thrombosis and bleeding and is frequently observed in sepsis. Traditional coagulation assays such as prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) primarily assess the initiation of clot formation but fail to capture the dynamic balance between procoagulant and anticoagulant forces. The thrombin generation (TG) assay provides a more comprehensive evaluation of coagulation, incorporating both propagation and decay phases, and may offer additional insight into sepsis-associated coagulopathy. This study investigated the diagnostic and prognostic utility of TG parameters across graded stages of DIC in septic intensive care unit (ICU) patients.MethodsIn this prospective observational study, 53 adult septic ICU patients contributed 151 plasma samples obtained longitudinally. Patients were classified as non-DIC, non-overt DIC, or overt DIC according to International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis criteria. Standard coagulation parameters and TG profiles were measured. Associations with DIC severity were examined using cumulative link mixed models with patient-level random effects. Sensitivity analyses explored transition-specific TG behavior. ICU mortality was evaluated using multivariable logistic regression and ROC analysis.ResultsIn univariate analyses, both conventional coagulation markers and TG parameters were associated with increasing DIC severity. In the final multivariable model, prolonged PT and aPTT, elevated D-dimer, and lower platelet count were the strongest independent predictors of DIC severity, whereas StartTail provided complementary kinetic information. Longitudinal analyses demonstrated progressive prolongation of StartTail and attenuation of reverse velocity index with advancing DIC stage and increasing SOFA scores, indicating worsening dysregulation of thrombin inactivation.ConclusionTG parameters, particularly late-phase kinetic features, reflect dynamic and stage-specific dysregulation of coagulation in sepsis-associated DIC. Although TG measures do not outperform conventional coagulation tests, they provide complementary mechanistic insight into thrombin regulation and consumptive coagulopathy. Larger multicenter studies are warranted to validate these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":16307,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intensive Care Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"904-915"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146220044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Factors Associated with the Onset of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Sepsis and Septic Shock in Intensive Care Units.","authors":"Alejandro Narváez, Cristian Agudelo, Clara Saldarriaga, Mariana Jimenez, Maria Robledo, Valentina Duque, Melissa Mejía, Violeta Cano, Camilo Lopez, Nicolas Arcila, Francisco Villegas, Fabian Jaimes","doi":"10.1177/08850666251412802","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08850666251412802","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>IntroductionNew-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) in sepsis is a common complication in critically ill patients and carries significant prognostic implications. Although multiple risk factors have been associated with its development, findings remain inconsistent, and data from Latin American populations are scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the association between clinical variables of sepsis and the development of new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs).MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted across three referral hospitals in Medellín, Colombia, between January 2022 and June 2023. Adult patients admitted to the ICU with a diagnosis of sepsis or septic shock, defined according to the SEPSIS-3 criteria, were included. Infection-related clinical variables were measured, and the primary outcome was the development of new-onset AF. A multivariable analysis was performed using adjusted binomial logistic regression.ResultsA total of 1356 patients were included, with a mean age of 64.3 years; 67.7% were male. The prevalence of new-onset AF was 12.6% (n = 171). In the multivariable analysis higher SOFA scores and the use of noninvasive mechanical ventilation or vasoactive drugs were associated with its development. In the multivariable analysis adjusted for confounding variables, only the use of dual vasopressor support (OR 2.7; 95% CI, 1.1-7.35) and the use of any inotrope (OR 4.02; 95% CI, 1.3-11.65) were significantly associated with the development of AF. Patients who developed AF exhibited higher ICU mortality (49% vs 34%) and in-hospital mortality (55% vs 37%).ConclusionNew-onset AF in sepsis is common among ICU patients. Use of dual vasopressor support and any inotropic agent were consistently associated with its occurrence.</p>","PeriodicalId":16307,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intensive Care Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"853-862"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145998387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"To the Editor: Severe Necrotizing Lung Infections: Definitions and Therapeutic Indications.","authors":"George Rakovich, Sebastian G Kurz","doi":"10.1177/08850666261453827","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08850666261453827","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16307,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intensive Care Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"916"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148330368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Use of Vasoactive Agents in Pulmonary Embolism Among the Critically Ill: A Multi-Centred, Retrospective Cohort Study in Queensland Intensive Care Units.","authors":"Ashton Moh, Felicity Edwards, Prashanti Marella, Jayshree Lavana, Andrea Marshall, Alexis Tabah, Kyle White, Sebastiaan Blank, Stephen Whebell, Stephen Luke, Peter Garrett, Hayden White, Kevin Laupland, Antony Attokaran, Mahesh Ramanan","doi":"10.1177/08850666251415168","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08850666251415168","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundPulmonary embolism may cause hemodynamic instability requiring vasoactive support, but evidence on guiding agent selection is very limited.MethodsA retrospective cohort study of adult admissions to 12 Intensive Care Units in Queensland, Australia between 2015-2021. Clinical and outcome data was obtained through statewide hospital databases.ResultsOf 89,123 admissions, 460 (0.6%) patients had a primary diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. Vasoactive infusions were administered within the first 24 h of ICU admission to 182/460 patients (39.6%) and 209/460 (45.4%) patients at any time during ICU admission. Norepinephrine was the most common (175/209; 83.7%), followed by epinephrine (37/209; 17.7%). The cohort had a median ICU length of stay of 3 days (IQR; 2-5), and a 30-day mortality rate of 11.3% (52/460). Higher vasoactive requirement on day-1 was associated with significantly higher 30-day mortality (odds ratio per 1-unit increase in vasoactive-inotrope score of 3.72, 95% confidence interval 1.80-8.75, P < .001).ConclusionPrimary diagnosis of PE is uncommon among ICU presentations but 45% of patients require vasoactive support. Norepinephrine was the most used vasoactive agent. Higher vasoactive requirements reflected greater illness severity and were associated with higher 30-day mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":16307,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intensive Care Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"863-873"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146018673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Immunomodulatory Effects of Nutritional Supplements in Traumatic Brain Injury.","authors":"Christian Zanza, Yaroslava Longhitano, Raymond Planinsic, Antonio Voza, Manfredi Tesauro, Giorgia Caputo, Francesca Rubulotta, Luigi La Via","doi":"10.1177/08850666251337378","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08850666251337378","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide, characterized by complex pathophysiological processes that extend beyond the initial trauma. The inflammatory response following TBI plays a crucial role in patient outcomes, presenting both protective and potentially detrimental effects. This narrative review examines the current evidence regarding the role of nutritional supplements in modulating the inflammatory response after TBI. Recent research has demonstrated that various nutritional interventions, including probiotics, immunonutrition formulas, vitamin D, and taurine supplementation, can significantly influence inflammatory markers and clinical outcomes. Probiotics have shown particular promise in reducing inflammatory mediators and infection rates, while also decreasing hospital and ICU length of stay. Immunonutrition, especially through vitamin D supplementation, demonstrates significant effects on consciousness levels and ventilation requirements. The timing of nutritional intervention emerges as critical, with the early post-injury period (24-72 h) representing a crucial window for therapeutic intervention. The gut-brain axis appears central to these effects, with nutritional supplements potentially modulating both central and systemic inflammatory responses. While these interventions show promising results in reducing inflammatory markers and improving short-term outcomes, their impact on mortality rates remains limited. Future research should focus on optimizing nutritional protocols, understanding individual patient factors, and investigating long-term functional outcomes. This review supports a paradigm shift in approaching nutritional support in TBI, transitioning from viewing it as merely supportive care to recognizing it as an active therapeutic intervention that can significantly influence patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16307,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intensive Care Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"807-813"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144028438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Superiority of AVAPS Mode of Non-invasive Ventilation in Combination with HFNC Over HFNC Alone in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Complicated by Respiratory Failure.","authors":"Jiaojiao Yang, Bingyan Ren, Chunmei Yu, Fenfen Chen, Guixiang Qin","doi":"10.1177/08850666251412806","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08850666251412806","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveThis paper was designed to investigate the clinical efficacy of combining the Average Volume Assured Pressure Support (AVAPS) mode of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) with high-flow nasal cannula oxygenation (HFNC) oxygen therapy in managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients complicated by respiratory failure.MethodsNinety-six patients with COPD and respiratory failure were enrolled and classified into a control group and an observation group. Both groups received conventional treatment. The control group was treated with AVAPS-mode NIV, while the observation group received additional HFNC. Clinical outcomes, adverse reactions, clinical indicators, blood gas parameters, serum inflammatory markers, and pulmonary function indicators were compared between the two groups.ResultsThe observation group had a significantly higher overall clinical response rate (93.75% vs 75.00%, <i>P</i> < 0.05), shorter ICU stays and mechanical ventilation times, lower respiratory rates, higher PaO₂, SaO₂, FEV₁, FVC, and FEV₁/FVC values, and lower PaCO₂, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, and sTREM-1 levels than the control group (all <i>P</i> < 0.05). Heart rate did not differ significantly between the two groups (<i>P</i> > 0.05). The adverse reaction rate was significantly lower in the observation group relative to the control group (4.17% vs 18.75%, <i>P</i> < 0.05).ConclusionThis combined approach demonstrates superior efficacy in treating COPD patients with respiratory failure, improving arterial blood gas and pulmonary function, reducing inflammatory responses, and exhibiting a high safety profile.</p>","PeriodicalId":16307,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intensive Care Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"845-852"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145944464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}