Pastures & Pastoralism最新文献

Mapping of the Seasonal Migration Routes of Cattle Pastoralists of the Deccan Plateau Region of India Using Ethnographic Geographic Information System Technique 利用人种地理信息系统技术绘制印度德干高原地区牧牛人的季节性迁徙路线图

Pastures & Pastoralism Pub Date : 2024-07-25 DOI: 10.33002/pp0206

K. K. Siripurapu, Faisal Moola, Sravya Sakkuri, Shivaram Reddy Dareddy, Sabyasachi Das

{"title":"Mapping of the Seasonal Migration Routes of Cattle Pastoralists of the Deccan Plateau Region of India Using Ethnographic Geographic Information System Technique","authors":"K. K. Siripurapu, Faisal Moola, Sravya Sakkuri, Shivaram Reddy Dareddy, Sabyasachi Das","doi":"10.33002/pp0206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33002/pp0206","url":null,"abstract":"Annual seasonal migration is one of the main characteristics of pastoralism. However, large-scale studies focusing on mapping seasonal migration patterns using advanced spatial analysis tools like the geographic information system (GIS), hitherto remain meager in India. The lack of such studies has many implications for holistically understanding pastoralism in India. The few spatial analysis studies conducted in the Himalayan region of India found a lack of amenities and conflict with large-scale state-promoted plantations under climate change-related projects. Similar studies have been absent in the country's Deccan Plateau region, which is home to a significant number of pastoralist communities and livestock populations. In this background, an exploratory study was conducted to map the seasonal migration routes of pastoralist communities in the Deccan Plateau region adopting the Ethnographic Geographic Information System Technique (EGIST). The objective of the present study is to digitally map the seasonal migration routes of the pastoralists and document the issues and challenges (if any), along the seasonal migration routes in the study area. Seasonal migration routes of seven villages from Andhra Pradesh and Telangana states were mapped using EGIST and found that pastoralists of the study area practice both short and long-seasonal migration in sync with the monsoon and local cropping season. Pastoralists of Telangana were found to migrate to the neighboring state of Andhra Pradesh (AP) during long-distance migration. However, pastoralists of AP predominantly move within the state. A few major challenges faced by pastoralists during their seasonal migration in the study area includes – labour shortages, disease outbreaks and conflict with the forest department personnel for accessing the traditional grazing lands located inside the Amarabad and Nagarjunsagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserves of Nallamala forest of AP and Telangana states of India.","PeriodicalId":162444,"journal":{"name":"Pastures & Pastoralism","volume":"52 39","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141804904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Validation of the Indigenous Technical Knowledge of Cattle Pastoralists of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, India 验证印度安得拉邦和特兰加那邦牧牛人的本土技术知识

Pastures & Pastoralism Pub Date : 2024-05-20 DOI: 10.33002/pp0204

K. K. Siripurapu, Faisal Moola, Shilpi Sharma, Anushree Sainger, Kameswara Rao Kotamraju

{"title":"Validation of the Indigenous Technical Knowledge of Cattle Pastoralists of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, India","authors":"K. K. Siripurapu, Faisal Moola, Shilpi Sharma, Anushree Sainger, Kameswara Rao Kotamraju","doi":"10.33002/pp0204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33002/pp0204","url":null,"abstract":"Indigenous technical knowledge (ITK) of livestock breeding is often tacit and not necessarily expressed in conventional forms of scientific research and documentation. Indigenous livestock breeding systems rely mostly on qualitative traits than pure quantitative qualities. Qualitative traits are difficult to measure and most of the indigenous knowledge systems are in forms of qualitative traits. The lack of documentation and predominant qualitative nature makes it difficult to validate the ITK related to livestock breeding. In this context a study was conducted to examine the traditional breeding practices associated with two heritage cattle breeds of the Deccan Plateau region of India. The study examines the criteria used for selection of the breeding bulls of the indigenous Poda Thurpu and Nallmala-Pasa/Kamma, cattle breeds native to the study area. Results of the study identifies fourteen traits specific to breeding bulls and four traits that are generic to the breeding stock/cows. These traits/characteristics are ‘deemed desirable’ by the local cattle breeders for the ‘heritage breeds’, believed to have been bred and managed by them for generations. Observations of the present study supports the notion that traditional breeders of heritage breeds lay more emphasis on qualitative traits (ability to warding-off predators, fending off-springs, coat colour and texture, gait of the animal, temperament, and response and obedience to instructions of the master) than quantitative traits. It was found that local breeders give significant importance to the fertility of bovine bulls than cows. Breeding bulls are meticulously chosen with extreme caution and care, following a very long and meticulous selection process that could last for four years. Traditionally local cattle breeders of the study follow open nucleus breeding system for breeding and are strictly against promotion of inbreeding among their cattle herds. Only men are involved in cattle breeding in the study area and women usually stay away.","PeriodicalId":162444,"journal":{"name":"Pastures & Pastoralism","volume":"29 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141122479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rangelands and Pastoralism in Globalized Economies: Policy Paralysis and Legal Requisites 全球化经济中的牧场和畜牧业：政策瘫痪与法律要求

Pastures & Pastoralism Pub Date : 2024-05-20 DOI: 10.33002/pp0203

H. Arjjumend

{"title":"Rangelands and Pastoralism in Globalized Economies: Policy Paralysis and Legal Requisites","authors":"H. Arjjumend","doi":"10.33002/pp0203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33002/pp0203","url":null,"abstract":"Growing quest for globalization and expanding economies have resulted into fragmentation, enclosure, grabbing, militarization and devastation of rangelands. Grasslands – covering 70% of the global agricultural area – are the basis for livestock production. In most of the countries, governments have little recognition of communal tenures of agro-pastoralists. Consequently, both pastoralists and rangeland ecosystems have suffered a grim fate. On the contrary, the subsistence pastoralism is an established sustainable strategy of livelihood and ecosystem conservation in the rangelands. Unfortunately, some of the most nutritive foods and other sustainable products of nomadic pastoralists have not desirably been priced in modern markets. With the demonstrated cases exhibiting the nomadic pastoralists, such as Hutsul shepherd communities of Ukraine, as most sustainable societies on planet Earth, there is urgent need for reshaping the popular paradigm and State policies on rangeland commons. In isolation of pastoralist people, the rangelands cannot truly be conserved or protected. To begin with, the resilience of pastoralists to the changing environments and their (unique) rangeland management can first be pondered. Accordingly, the policy and legal frameworks of States need to be reoriented and revised. In particular, Eurasian countries should review their laws and policies on rangeland sustainability and pastoral grazing.","PeriodicalId":162444,"journal":{"name":"Pastures & Pastoralism","volume":"4 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141119712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pastoralists' Perception and Attitude on Invasion of Dichrostachys cinerea (sickle bush) in the Grazing Lands of Monduli District, Tanzania 牧民对坦桑尼亚蒙多利区牧场上镰刀树（Dichrostachys cinerea）入侵的看法和态度

Pastures & Pastoralism Pub Date : 2024-05-20 DOI: 10.33002/pp0201

Emelia Edwin Mguluka, A. Sangeda, S. Kimera

{"title":"Pastoralists' Perception and Attitude on Invasion of Dichrostachys cinerea (sickle bush) in the Grazing Lands of Monduli District, Tanzania","authors":"Emelia Edwin Mguluka, A. Sangeda, S. Kimera","doi":"10.33002/pp0201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33002/pp0201","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to assess Maasai pastoralists’ perception and attitude towards the spread and impacts of sickle bush (Dichrostachys cinerea) in their grazing lands. The study was conducted in three villages of Monduli district involving 156 randomly sampled households. Thirteen (13) purposively selected key informants (based on their merits) were interviewed and participant observation was also used in data collection. Quantitative data were analyzed by the SPSS software version 20, while qualitative ones were subjected to content analysis. Findings revealed that the current extent of the sickle bush has increased, with over 70% of the respondents proving this. About 82% of respondents revealed that the bush was present in their villages for a long time, although its invading effects have increased. Major reasons for this invasion were reported to include climate change and overgrazing. Furthermore, sickle bush was reported to take over the grazing lands. The bush is perceived as destructive by the Maasai community because it depletes the amount of forage for livestock grazing. It also provides suitable habitats for predators such as lions and enhances conflicts with livestock and humans.","PeriodicalId":162444,"journal":{"name":"Pastures & Pastoralism","volume":"21 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141120088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Conflict Transformation in South Omo Zone Pastoralist and Agro-Pastoralist Community of Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚南奥莫区牧民和农牧民社区的冲突转化

Pastures & Pastoralism Pub Date : 2024-05-20 DOI: 10.33002/pp0202

Asmare Shetahun Alemneh

{"title":"Conflict Transformation in South Omo Zone Pastoralist and Agro-Pastoralist Community of Ethiopia","authors":"Asmare Shetahun Alemneh","doi":"10.33002/pp0202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33002/pp0202","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores conflict transformation practices and actors through an analytical research approach. It reveals that various actors engaged in conflict and peace initiatives have primarily focused on activities cantered around conflict management, prevention, and resolution. This limited emphasis on conflict transformation is attributed to a lack of governmental attention to strategic planning in this regard. Sources of conflict identified include grievances, animal raiding, land disputes, fishing rights, and competition over water and pasture resources. Efforts aimed at conflict transformation encompass resilience-building, rangeland management, NGO interventions in peace dialogues, integration of pastoralism and agro-pastoralism with commercial agriculture, implementation of drought and conflict early warning systems, water resource management and development, range land rehabilitation, and provision of education to affected communities. While these activities have played a significant role in addressing conflicts and transforming relationships, they are deemed insufficient and inadequately executed for comprehensive conflict transformation. Nonetheless, they serve as vital drivers of peace. Although the current conflict transformation mechanisms in place have not resulted in significant changes in the conflict situation, the beginnings are promising and commendable. The government and other stakeholders are urged to engage in proactive conflict intervention mechanisms to effectuate conflict transformation and foster peace or mitigate its adverse impacts. Furthermore, the study advocates for the provision of informal peace education to all adult community members, with the possibility of formalizing this education as an existing conflict transformation option.","PeriodicalId":162444,"journal":{"name":"Pastures & Pastoralism","volume":"94 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141122821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biocultural Diversity and Culture Animals in Mobile Pastoralism: Cattle-Culture of Pastoralists of Telangana State, India 流动畜牧业中的生物文化多样性和文化动物:印度特伦加纳邦牧民的牛文化

Pastures & Pastoralism Pub Date : 2023-04-09 DOI: 10.33002/pp0103

K. K. Siripurapu, Sushma Iyengar

引用次数: 0

Editor’s Note: Why is the Pastures-Pastoralism Nexus Critical? 编者按:为什么牧场与畜牧业的关系如此重要?

Pastures & Pastoralism Pub Date : 2023-04-09 DOI: 10.33002/pp0100

H. Arjjumend

引用次数: 0

Camel Systems and Pastoralists’ Lifestyle in Semi-Deserts and Mountains: Constraints and Challenges 半沙漠和山区骆驼系统和牧民的生活方式:制约和挑战

Pastures & Pastoralism Pub Date : 2023-04-09 DOI: 10.33002/pp0106

A. Mustafa, A. Faraz

{"title":"Camel Systems and Pastoralists’ Lifestyle in Semi-Deserts and Mountains: Constraints and Challenges","authors":"A. Mustafa, A. Faraz","doi":"10.33002/pp0106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33002/pp0106","url":null,"abstract":"Camels are vital to the daily life of all desert dwellers, especially Bedouins, for whom they form a source of food, a means of transportation and recreation. To appreciate the unique contribution that Arabian camels make towards the community life and the history of the desert lands, in this paper, the pastoral production systems observed across three major regions - Butana, Kordofan and Darfur - are discussed. The field survey based study was conducted from August 2011 to May 2014 using structured interview method to determine the limitations and challenges faced by camel pastoral community in main camel production regions of Sudan. The results revealed that the average of calving interval was 30 months; male camel is rutting for 3 months during rainy season. She-camel gives birth to 6-8 calves throughout the life. The average milk yield was 3 liters per day with the lactation period extended to more than 10 months. The calf is weaned for 10 months or more. Social prestige and continuity of traditional heritage are the major reasons for keeping animals rather than economic revenue. However, it was found that the security issues are limiting camel breeding practices and pastoralists’ movement in the semi-desert and mountain regions. Internal conflicts between farmers and pastoralists that often develop into tribal wars also affected pastoral production systems. Such constraints in addition to the lack of government support and favorable policies present major challenges to camel pastoral system in the region.","PeriodicalId":162444,"journal":{"name":"Pastures & Pastoralism","volume":"157 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124385482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Traditional Sheep Penning System: An Exploratory Study on Farmers’ Preferences, Farmer-Pastoralist Relationships and Economics of Sheep Penning in Telangana, India 传统羊圈制度:印度特伦加纳邦农民偏好、农牧关系及羊圈经济的探索性研究

Pastures & Pastoralism Pub Date : 2023-04-09 DOI: 10.33002/pp0105

K. K. Siripurapu

{"title":"The Traditional Sheep Penning System: An Exploratory Study on Farmers’ Preferences, Farmer-Pastoralist Relationships and Economics of Sheep Penning in Telangana, India","authors":"K. K. Siripurapu","doi":"10.33002/pp0105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33002/pp0105","url":null,"abstract":"Penning of livestock especially in the southern Indian peninsula can be traced back to the Neolithic age. The presence of ‘Ashmounds’ across most parts of the southern Indian peninsula indicates a complex agro-pastoral economy flourishing since the Neolithic era. Contemporary studies on sheep penning in India, however, remain mainly focused on its contribution to soil fertility and relevance to organic farming and economics, but very few studies have focussed on the farmers’ preference for sheep penning, farmer-pastoralist relationships and sheep penning economy in the backdrop of a rapidly changing agriculture landscape in the Telangana state of India. Observations of the study indicate that changes in agricultural practices and decrease in commons have led to changes in the sheep flock size, seasonal migration pattern of pastoralists and farmers’ preference for sheep penning in the study area. Participant farmers of the study, who practice both penning and application of synthetic fertilizer, reported to have incurred relatively lesser input costs than the farmers who exclusively rely on synthetic fertilizers. Penning was reported to be the second major source of household income for the pastoralists who participated in the study, next to the sale of live animals.","PeriodicalId":162444,"journal":{"name":"Pastures & Pastoralism","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130142101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Issues of Declining Livestock Breeds: Revisiting Domestic Animal Diversity in Pastoral Systems 家畜品种减少的问题:重新审视畜牧系统中的家畜多样性

Pastures & Pastoralism Pub Date : 2023-04-09 DOI: 10.33002/pp0101

S. Krätli

{"title":"Issues of Declining Livestock Breeds: Revisiting Domestic Animal Diversity in Pastoral Systems","authors":"S. Krätli","doi":"10.33002/pp0101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33002/pp0101","url":null,"abstract":"Concerns for the disappearance of local breeds go back to the beginning of scientific breeding and the early national policies of agriculture intensification in Europe at the time of the industrial revolution. That initial Eurocentric framing of domestic animal diversity as ‘local’ breeds, largely the result of natural selection and potentially a useful source of ‘raw’ genetic material, remains dominant. Today, however, the debate around domestic animal diversity has been globalized, and so includes livestock breeding populations and livestock systems that developed outside the European experience. This paper looks at domestic animal diversity from the vantage point of one of such cases: cattle breeding among the Wodaabe pastoralists in Niger. The research is based on a combination of qualitative methodologies standard in social anthropology and quantitative analysis of memorized herd genealogies over a 20-year period. Results show that a competent herder can control cattle mating in over 90 percent of cases. Complex learned behaviour in cattle, particularly related to feeding competence, is a major selection criterion. The Wodaabe specialize in using the short-lived and unpredictable grazing opportunities, which is characteristic of Sahelian rangelands. To successfully interface the unpredictable variability in potential inputs, they breed herds with exceptional levels of within-breed diversity, crucially including epigenetic traits. The common practice of conflating Domestic Animal Diversity (DAD) with Animal Genetic Resources (AnGR), therefore, falls short of adequately representing the relationship between ‘local breeds’ and livelihood in pastoral systems.","PeriodicalId":162444,"journal":{"name":"Pastures & Pastoralism","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129936829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pastures &amp; Pastoralism最新文献

Pastures & Pastoralism最新文献