International Journal of Clinical and Medical Education Research最新文献

{"title":"Spatial disparities and associated factors of Under-five diarrhea disease in Ilubabor Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia","authors":"Ebsa Gelan, Mulat Worku, Azmeraw Misganaw, Dabala Jabessa","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-1169274/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1169274/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Diarrhea is commonly a sign of an infection in the intestinal tract that is caused by different bacteria, virus and parasitic entities. It is one of the leading causes of child mortality worldwide, especially in sub-Saharan Africa countries including Ethiopia. The main objective of this study was to identify spatial disparities and associated factors of under- five diarrhea disease in Ilubabor zone, Oromia regional state, Ethiopia. The study has been conducted in Ilu Aba Bor zone of entire districts and the data is basically both primary and secondary which were obtained from each woreda health office of Ilu Aba Bor zone and corresponding mother or care givers of sampled child. Spatial disparities of under-five diarrhea were identified using global and local measures of spatial autocorrelation. Geo-additive regression model was used to identify the spatial disparities and associated factors of under-five diarrheal disease. The value of global and local measures of spatial autocorrelation shows that under-five diarrheal disease varies according to geographical location and shows significant positive spatial autocorrelation. The results of Geo-additive regression model showed that statistically significant relationship between under-five diarrhea disease and independent variables .There is evidence of significant under-five diarrheal disease clustering in Ilu Aba Bor zone, southwest Ethiopia. Model based data analysis showed that there is significant relationship between Under-five diarrhea and covariates (mother’s age, mother’s education, source of drinking water, quality of toilet facility, DPT 3 vaccination, Polio 3 vaccination and household wealth index.).","PeriodicalId":162406,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical and Medical Education Research","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125174097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Association between Food Law and Double Burden of Malnutrition: A case Study of Afghanistan","authors":"A. Zubair","doi":"10.33140/ijcmer.01.01.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ijcmer.01.01.04","url":null,"abstract":"Theoretical framework:For all forms of malnutrition with their related diseases a unique term of double burden of malnutrition is used (DBM). DBM is the greatest risk for all globe which has both social and economic costs. Objective:To investigate impacts of food law on DBM in Afghanistan. Model/methodology:We introduce new model under PLS-SEM in which we employ Smart PLS 3.2.9 software package for statistical analysis. Data:Through, purposive sampling we have online interviews with 400 residents of Afghanistan. Findings:Our study findings indicate that all forms of food law have significant impact to protect population form DBM. Similarly, balanced diet has significant role to control DBM. Policy implications:Our investigations suggest that government should adopt objective food law to control all harms from supply/ production side of food. Practical implications:This research will help government to reshape their food law and will encourage people to have balanced diet regime.","PeriodicalId":162406,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical and Medical Education Research","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115763981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of the Academic Research of a Postgraduate Degree in Surgery from a Public University of Ecuador.","authors":"Jorge Antonio Delgado Pauta, Franklin Geovany Mora Bravo","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-944755/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-944755/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Introduction: the lack of solidity of educational research (ER) in a high percentage the loss of integrity in the methodology has been reported. The objective of the present study was to determine the quality of the ERs of the postgraduate surgery in a Public University of Ecuador. With the hypothesis that the acceptable theses are equal to 70%.Methods: the present study reviewed the thesis of surgery at the University of Cuenca, from the period January-2010 to November-2019. The probabilistic sample selection was 48 cases. A 51-question EI quality test was used. The values ​​of each variable were homologated as a percentage. A single sample T-test was performed, bivariate correlations using the Spearman coefficient. Significant values ​​were R> 0.5 and P <0.01. The hypothesis test was performed with Chi square.Results: of 48 randomized theses, the lowest average was in the “Hypothesis” sections (41.6% [35.3-47.8]) and the highest in the “Results” sections (93.5% [91.4-95.7]). The relevance was 97.9% (93.7-102.1). 35 theses (72.9%) were rated as \"Acceptable\". The Hypothesis and References sections were rated as “Not acceptable” in 70.8% and 79.2%. The \"results\" section obtained the rating of \"Excellent\" in 93.8%. The hypothesis was accepted, the group has an acceptable quality equal to 70% ”, Chi2 = 0.2208, P = 0.64.Conclusion: the quality of educational research is equal to the 70% raised in the hypothesis, which highlights a minimum sufficiency rating for the educational research studied in this work.","PeriodicalId":162406,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical and Medical Education Research","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126752365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive ability of the Mini Nutritional Assessment short-form (MNA-SF) as compared to serum albumin concentration in the community dwelling elders, Meki, East Ethiopia","authors":"Megersso Urgessa","doi":"10.21203/RS.3.RS-678023/V1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/RS.3.RS-678023/V1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background: Different tools have been used to perform a nutritional screening and assessment, and MNA is one of the widely used and recommended tools in the geriatrics population. MNA has two forms, long and short. However, MNA short-forms have not been evaluated in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was aimed to evaluate MNA short form against serum albumin concentration among Ethiopian elders.Methods: One hundred and seventy-six randomly selected elders entered into the community-based cross-sectional validation study. Amputated, bedridden, those with visible deformity were excluded. Original MNA questionnaires were translated to Afan Oromo and Amharic languages. All translated and pretested MNA questionnaires were administered to each participant. The anthropometrics and serum albumin concentration were measured. Reliability, validity, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were calculated. Receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC-curve) analysis was plotted for MNA, to identify the area under the curve (AUC) and optimal cut-off value for prediction of malnutrition.Result: Strong association between serum albumin concentration score and MNA-short form score indicated by spearman’s rank correlation coefficients of BMI-MNA-SF 0.526,p <0.05 and CC-MNA-SF 0.501, P<0.05. Similar the agreement between the long and short form of MNA was found to be a weighted kappa 0.404(0.288, 0.521) for BMI-MNA-SF and 0.426(0.333, 0.519) for CC-MNA-SF at 95% CI. These values indicate moderate agreement with the serum albumin concentration. There is very good agreement between the BMI-MNA-SF and CC-MNA-SF 0.400(0.322, 0.478). Also, high power to identify two categories using serum albumin concentration as golden standard with AUC for BMI –MNA-SF 0.789 (0.722-0.855) and 0.791 (0.726-0.857) for CC-MNA-SF at 95% CI. Diagnostic accuracy for BMI-MNA-SF showed that 37.1% sensitivity, 90.8% specificity, 58.5% PPV, and 80.5% NPV. Similar sensitivity 77.5%, specificity of 64.4% PPV 73.7%, and 69.0%, NPV for CC-MNA-SF. Total Diagnostic accuracy for BMI-MNA-SF 63.64%, and 71.02% for CC-MNA-SF.Conclusion: Both versions of MNA-SF were found to be valid screening tools in the Ethiopian elders against serum albumin concentration.","PeriodicalId":162406,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical and Medical Education Research","volume":"453 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134497023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case of Lipomyelomeningocele Causing Equinovarus is Reported","authors":"Cheng-Han Hou, Guanghui Zhang, Hui Han","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-112889/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-112889/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background Lipomyelomeningocele ( LMM) is a congenital factor that causes clubfoot. This disease often develops into adulthood and often has rigid deformities. This is the most difficult orthopedic and functional reconstruction surgery. Case presentation We reporta case of stiff clubfoot caused by Lipomyelomeningocele（LMM）. Through osteotomy correction and Soft tissue loosening, clubfoot deformity was corrected and good results were achieved. Conclusion The use of osteotomy correction technology combined with Soft tissue loosening to treat adult stiff clubfoot can correct the deformity and restore the shape of the foot and ankle. The effect is definite and it is worthy of popularization and application.","PeriodicalId":162406,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical and Medical Education Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127454808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Anthropometric indices and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors among Women with Primary Infertility","authors":"Ernest Antwi, Vivian Baah","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-77331/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-77331/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background: Cardiometabolic risk factors are commonly associated with women with infertility. The study evaluated the association between anthropometric indices and cardiometabolic risk factors in women with primary infertility. Methods: Two-hundred and sixteen (216) women with primary infertility underwent simple anthropometric measurement including waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), body mass index (BMI), body adiposity index (BAI) and abdominal volume index (AVI). Blood pressure was assessed using an automated BP monitor and fasting blood samples were collected. Cardiometabolic risk factors were defined according to the NCEP-ATP III criteria. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve and logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate associations Results: The mean age of the study participants was 30.3 years and the median duration of infertility was 3.0 (2.0-4.0 interquartile range). The prevalence of hypertension was 22.2%. Metabolic syndrome, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia were presents among 23.1%, 32.4%, and 48.1%, respectively. BMI (between 25.8Kg/m2 and 28.0 Kg/m2), strongly predicted hyperglycemia, MetS, and dyslipidemia. Additionally, the range of optimal cut-off values of central obesity indices including WC (84.0cm to 90.0 cm), WHR (0.85-0.89 cm/cm), WHtR (0.52-0.61 cm/cm) and AVI (14.3 to 16.5) better predicted hyperglycaemia, MetS and dyslipidaemia. Only BMI and BAI were significant predictors of hypertension. Conclusion: Cardiometabolic risk factors including hypertension, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and MetS are high among women with primary infertility. BMI proved superior in predicting cardiometabolic risk factors among primary infertile women.","PeriodicalId":162406,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical and Medical Education Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131624003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Backpack Loads and Wearing Time with Musculoskeletal Disorders in School Children of Wah Cant Pakistan: Correlational study","authors":"Rabia Sundas, Misbah Ghous, Shadab Sehar","doi":"10.21203/rs.2.14212/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.2.14212/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background: Young children are carrying heavy bags to and from their schools. The use of backpacks increases recently because of several factors, including decreased availability of school lockers, increased homework, text books & other belongings being carried to school. All these factors amplify backpack weight which have drastic effects on young students’ musculoskeletal system.Methods: This was a correlational study. Data collection was done between Septembers to December 2018. The inclusion criteria were healthy young boys and girls of school children, with no known history of any musculoskeletal disorder or any other deformity or pathology. Survey was done through self-structured questionnaire and Nordic Musculoskeletal questionnaire. SPSS 21.0 was used for data analysis.Results: A total of 1104 students were included in the study, mean age of the students was 11.90 ± 2.2 (range 8-15) years. There were 48.4% males while 51.6% were females. Frequency of fatigue due to heavy backpack was 61.6%.Neck pain was common in 40.2% students, shoulder pain in 47.4% and the frequency of low back pain was 46.6% .According to BMI 33.2% students had normal BMI and 32.6% students were very severely underweight which is an alarming situation. The correlation of bag pack weight with students BMI was weak positive(r=0.25, p<0.05) Conclusion: This study concluded that the frequency of musculoskeletal pain was high due to carrying heavy backpacks. Upper and low back pain were the most common type. Maximum students carry >16% ratio of backpacks load. Wearing time of backpack was more than 10 minutes. Keywords: Backpacks, load, wearing time, School children, Pain, Dysfunction, musculoskeletal","PeriodicalId":162406,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical and Medical Education Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116551267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}