GeographyRN: Economic Activity & Economies (Sub-Topic)最新文献

{"title":"Remittances and The Myth of the Exchange Rate's Power: The Case of Mexico","authors":"A. Coutiño","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3796408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3796408","url":null,"abstract":"Remittances to Mexico have increased more than six times in the past two decades. The boom in remittances can be explained mainly by U.S. economic performance as an attraction for Mexican workers, which implies more migration flows but also better-paying jobs. The immigrant’s income constraint––determined by employment and wages––plays the most important role in determining money transfers. The poor performance of Mexico’s economy and its inability to provide sufficient and well-paying jobs is another factor behind Mexican migration to the U.S. The foreign exchange rate (peso/USD) has little or nothing to do with the amount of remittances received by Mexico. Contrary to what some researchers argue, we find that despite the existence of some correlation between remittances and the peso's value vis-a-vis the dollar, there is no evidence of statistical causality from the peso to remittances during the two booms in remittances of the past two decades.","PeriodicalId":162363,"journal":{"name":"GeographyRN: Economic Activity & Economies (Sub-Topic)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116846868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regional Divergence and House Prices","authors":"Greg Howard, Jack Liebersohn","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3570654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3570654","url":null,"abstract":"This paper develops a model of the U.S. housing market that explains much of the time series of rents and house prices since World War II. House prices depend on expec- tations of future rents. We show that rents are tied to regional income inequality, and therefore, house prices are determined by how much faster incomes are growing in richer regions. This theory also matches many cross-sectional facts, including regional varia- tion in rents and prices, differing house price sensitivities to national trends, patterns of inter-state migration, and surveys of income expectations. An industry shift-share instrument provides causal evidence for our channel. The model implies that while interest rates have an ambiguous effect on house price levels, low rates increase house price volatility.","PeriodicalId":162363,"journal":{"name":"GeographyRN: Economic Activity & Economies (Sub-Topic)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128264572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Consequences of the Oil Price Shock in the Resource Rich Post-Soviet Countries","authors":"Cesd Research Group","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3598521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3598521","url":null,"abstract":"This study seeks to determine the impact the fall in global oil prices post-2014 had on the welfare of the populations of three resource-rich post-Soviet states: Russia, Kazakhstan, and Azerbaijan. Changes in welfare will be explored through the analysis of several socio-economic indicators affected by the local currencies’ devaluations. It will be suggested that the single-commodity export dependence of the countries concerned, and the domestic development of non-trade-able sectors faltered in the face of external shocks. Several policy suggestions are offered to mitigate the effects of the economic downturns observed.","PeriodicalId":162363,"journal":{"name":"GeographyRN: Economic Activity & Economies (Sub-Topic)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115369731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of Obong Victor Attah International Airport, Akwa Ibom State on the Employment Status of the Host Communities","authors":"Ihuoma Blossom Adindu, Morufu Olalekan Raimi, J. Udoh","doi":"10.15406/ahoaj.2019.03.00127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ahoaj.2019.03.00127","url":null,"abstract":"The aviation industry has a vital role to play in achieving sustainable development in austerity nations like Africa, particularly in Nigeria. Interestingly, Africa accounts for just 2% of world GDP but hosts 13% of its population. As a result, GDP per capita in Africa is the lowest of the world’s regions. The general picture is one of underdevelopment, political instability, economic volatility and pervasive poverty. While there is a major opportunity to improve living standards, quality of life and alleviate poverty through sustained economic growth. This research work measured the contributions of the Obong Victor Attah International Airport to the social and economic life of host communities of Uruan, Okobo and Nsit-Atai. LGA’s in Akwa-Ibom State. Employment is one of the major parameters used in measuring these contributions. A buffer was used to demarcate the study into zones and a systematic sampling technique was employed in selecting the households to be sampled. The sample size composed of 400 respondents and this was determined from the population of the host communities using the Taro Yamane formula. Data needed for this study was obtained from questionnaires administered to the 400 respondents. Secondary data was collected from Ibom International Airport Development Company now known as Obong Victor Attah International Airport Development Company. Data collected were analysed using; percentages, charts, maps and simple linear regression statistical tools. The hypothesis formulated was tested using simple linear regression analysis, the null hypothesis which stated that airport does not significantly impact employment generation was accepted for employment. Results from the analysis revealed that 10% and 13% of the total number employed in 2013 and 2017 respectively were from the host communities. From this result it is here inferred that, Obong Victor Attah International Airport is not the major determinant of employment in the study area. It was recommended that the Government should create more employment opportunities for the host communities to improve their socio-economic well-being through the expansion of the nature-based tourist industry, which could offer not only a significant source of employment and income growth but also an effective mechanism to improve the sustainability of the environment, while also helping to protect the long-term sustainability of the tourism product in Akwa Ibom State and Nigeria in general.","PeriodicalId":162363,"journal":{"name":"GeographyRN: Economic Activity & Economies (Sub-Topic)","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115533718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recreational Use Value of Lakes an Application of Travel Cost Method: A Case of Lake Ziway","authors":"Yrgalem Desta, Mekonnen Bersisa","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3433029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3433029","url":null,"abstract":"Lake Ziway is one of the largest fresh water Rift Valley Lakes of the Ethiopia; the Lake holds the intrinsic value and aesthetic quality of a wetland, including its functions like shelter for a diversity of plants, aquatic birds and fishes and it is also home of different monastery. This beautiful nature of the lake attracts many visitors. However, despite the many sources of attractions, because the public goods nature of the lake its demand and value in terms of its recreation service to society is not known, which makes deficit to sustain and expand the recreational service of the lake. For this reason this study analyzed the recreational value of Lake and its demand using an individual travel cost method (ITCM) based on face-to-face interview with 223 randomly selected local visitors of the Lake. The truncated Poisson model was used in the empirical analysis to estimate the recreational value of the lake and to identify its determinants. The econometric result of this model shows visitor’s martial statues, family size, and mode of transportation, type of visit, distance and travel cost are significant factors that affects the visitation rate for recreational site. And the study estimates that the on-site recreational benefits per visit per person was about 3353.64 per year and the expected total annual on-site recreational benefit of the site is 118,698,734.16 birr.","PeriodicalId":162363,"journal":{"name":"GeographyRN: Economic Activity & Economies (Sub-Topic)","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133615607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public–Private Partnership Systems in the Republic of Korea, the Philippines, and Indonesia","authors":"Kang-suk Kim, Min-Woong Jung, Meesoo Park, Yoo-Eun Koh, Jin-Oh Kim","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3339145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3339145","url":null,"abstract":"Infrastructure plays a critical role in boosting the economy’s overall productivity and development toward improving the quality of life. Public–private partnership (PPP) is considered as one of the key modalities for sustainable infrastructure development. This paper analyzes and compares the PPP systems in the Republic of Korea, the Philippines, and Indonesia to identify the requirements for making this modality an effective catalyst for infrastructure’s contribution to sustainable development. These countries have used the increased capacity and transactional experience in handling these partnerships to develop their PPP markets and strengthen their institutional framework to increase the use of PPPs to provide infrastructure services. A comparative analysis is then conducted to draw lessons for other economies in developing Asia seeking to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of their PPPs. The analysis underscores how strong institutions, unified procurement frameworks, and effective dispute resolution mechanisms can improve the implementation of infrastructure PPPs. <br>","PeriodicalId":162363,"journal":{"name":"GeographyRN: Economic Activity & Economies (Sub-Topic)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127714460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Story of Stewardship and Ecological Restoration","authors":"Emily Barritt","doi":"10.4324/9780429468315-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429468315-4","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter seeks to reorient the restoration movement towards a relationship focused activity, away from the singled minded focus on the scientific practice of meticulous replication of past ecosystems. That is, instead of simply prioritising the restoration of particular landscapes or ecosystems as a matter of natural fact, ecological restoration should be concerned with imbuing the human/nature relationship – across the different scales at which these relationships occur – with characteristics that will allow each to flourish. The central claim, is that this necessary reconciliation can be facilitated, maintained and built upon if the human/nature relationship is rooted in the idea of stewardship values. From individual landowners to states, from small communities to the global one, stewardship can help restore the balance between humans and the natural world. This is because of both the deeply entrenched and cross-cultural ethical values that are embodied in the concept of stewardship and because of its focus on collective participation in the task of caring for the natural world. Viewed as a movement towards better stewardship relationships with the natural world, restoration can therefore have both a backward-looking, and a forward-looking focus. In short, restoration should be as much about achieving a restored relationship to our environment, as it is the state of the environment itself. This relational turn in the restoration movement, is intended to provide a firm foundation for resistance to exploitative human/nature relations and in so doing to embed restoration practices across political, social and legal scales as well as geographical ones. Thus, the ostensibly scientific practice of restoration becomes accessible across communities and can begin to rebalance the disorder of the Capitalocene/Anthropocene era.","PeriodicalId":162363,"journal":{"name":"GeographyRN: Economic Activity & Economies (Sub-Topic)","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125592468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Hotel Seasonality; Causes, Challenges & Marketing Strategies to Deal with: In Case of Selected Hotels of Amhara National Regional State","authors":"Aschalew Brhanu, Seyar Yassin, Bemnet Letibelu, K. Venugopal","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3430327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3430327","url":null,"abstract":"Hotel business is a seasonal sector because of many factors. This study is conducted with the objectives of identifying the factors of tourist hotels seasonality, challenges &amp;marketing strategies to deal with seasonality, in selected Hotels of Amhara National Regional State tourist destination sites. Descriptive research design &amp; a mixed research approach were used. Data were collected form hotel managers &amp; hotel experts of the selected sites through questionnaire, interview, observation, and document review. Descriptive research analysis was used to describe the current situation of hotel business &amp; seasonality of the hotel. Majority of the hotel manager &amp; experts have said that the main cause for hotel business seasonality in the region is leisure/holiday; the institutional causes of seasonality.On the other hand, in the year 2016/17,because of the political instability in Amhara National Regional State,there was a very low tourist flow &amp;hotel’s occupancy rate. In the same year, many of foreign nations, to mention; USA, Germany, Canada&amp; England, have warned their citizens not to go to the region specifically and Ethiopia in general. This situation explained how both local &amp; international tourist’s flow to the region were very low &amp; all hotel managers have replied that political instability is one of the major cause of seasonality of the hotel business, especially in 2016/17.","PeriodicalId":162363,"journal":{"name":"GeographyRN: Economic Activity & Economies (Sub-Topic)","volume":"74 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131456346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"At Home in Brussels: Professional Mobility as a Service","authors":"Shenja van der Graaf","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2178468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2178468","url":null,"abstract":"An emerging generation of mobile applications is viewing mobility as a way to create interactive experiences that rely on or exploit movement and space in the urban context. By drawing on a design-oriented approach, this paper investigates a mobile relocation service application (linked to a Web-based service) that is developed for professionals relocating to the city of Brussels. It demonstrates the importance of socio-spatial dynamics of mobility between and within cities, thereby highlighting the concept of ‘in-between-ness’ in the experience of inhabiting and traversing urban environments.","PeriodicalId":162363,"journal":{"name":"GeographyRN: Economic Activity & Economies (Sub-Topic)","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134403373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Local Spillovers, Production Technology and the Choice to Make and/or Buy: Empirical Evidence from Emilia Romagna Mechanical Industry","authors":"R. Antonietti, M. Ferrante, Riccardo Leoncini","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1289286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1289286","url":null,"abstract":"By exploiting a new rich fi rm-level dataset, this paper investigates the decision to subcontract production activities (outsourcing) with respect to vertically integrate them. In particular, we aim at identifying the main factors underlying the decision to either fully or partially decentralise production activities by mechanical firms located in Emilia Romagna (Italy). In so doing, we fir st account for firm characteristics, such as size, age and the skill composition of the labour force, then we focus on labour costs per employee, product diversity and the presence of the fi rm on international markets. Finally, and differently from previous research, we include in the analysis both the qualitative composition of the production process, as given by the stages of production potentially developed by the fi rm, and the industrial composition of the local market. On this last purpose, we estimate the relationship between the propensity and the intensity of concurrent and total sourcing and the main sources of agglomeration economies identified in the literature: specialisation economies, variety and urbanisation economies. Our estimates show a particularly strong and positive relation between the intensity of 'pure' outsourcing and our measure of variety, workforce skill intensity and the internal composition of production, while a negative relation emerges with respect to firm size, age and labour cost. Results concerning concurrent sourcing, instead, appear weaker, but, differently from the case of full outsourcing, we nd a positive relationship with rm size and product diversity.","PeriodicalId":162363,"journal":{"name":"GeographyRN: Economic Activity & Economies (Sub-Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115862127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}