The International Journal of Alcohol and Drug Research最新文献

{"title":"Satisfaction of Family Members with Treatment in Psychosocial Care Services on Alcohol and Other Drugs","authors":"P. H. Pinho, M. A. Oliveira, Maria Odete Pereira, H. G. Claro, R. Soares, Rejane Maria Dias de Abreu Gonçalves, C. Sequeira","doi":"10.7895/IJADR.249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7895/IJADR.249","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To assess the satisfaction of family members who had relatives in Psychosocial Care Services on Alcohol and Other Drugs (CAPSad) and the variables associated with the score of satisfaction.Method: Evaluative, cross-sectional, descriptive, and exploratory research. Data collection was performed with the SATIS-BR instrument, which had been validated for use in Brazil, and sampling was performed by simple randomization, according to a pilot study. The Ethics Research Committee (Protocol 1,001/2011) approved this study. Independent variables included socioeconomic characteristics about the participation of the person at CAPSad and the mean global score of Scale of Perceived Change (SPC); the dependent variable was overall satisfaction. Regression testing was performed using the method of ordinary least squares.Results: In the multivariate analysis, the overall score variables of SPC and family members monitoring to Psychosocial Care Services were positively correlated with overall satisfaction (p ≤ .05).Conclusions: The most family members with relatives receiving services from CAPSad were satisfied. Knowledge of the factors correlated with increased satisfaction might enable the construction of action plans aimed to include the family, during the care process, in these services.","PeriodicalId":162336,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Alcohol and Drug Research","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121662263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of Salvia divinorum Use Among a National Sample of Entering First-year U.S. College Students","authors":"Julie M. Croff, W. DeJong","doi":"10.7895/IJADR.248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7895/IJADR.248","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Past epidemiological studies have revealed that 18- to 25-year-olds have the highest rate of Salvia divinorum (salvia) use. This study examines predictors of salvia use among a large national sample of incoming first-year college students attending 144 academic institutions.Method: Each institution instructed their entering first-year students to complete an online alcohol course. A total of 7,314 randomly selected students completed a version of the course’s baseline survey that included questions about salvia use.Results: Salvia use in the past two weeks was reported by 3.5%. In a multivariate model, past-two-week salvia use was more common among students who were male, non-White, and had an absent father; this study did not correct for multiple statistical tests, and therefore, these results may be spurious. Salvia use and use of cigarettes and marijuana were strongly related in bivariate analyses. Current drinkers were approximately two times more likely to use salvia in the past two weeks. More than a third of those reporting past-two-week salvia use reported using salvia while under the influence of marijuana in the past month.Discussion: This study is the first to examine salvia and other substance use over the past two weeks and explores the use of salvia under the influence of marijuana. Students being disciplined for marijuana-related offenses should be questioned about the concomitant use of salvia.","PeriodicalId":162336,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Alcohol and Drug Research","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122345358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol consumption, mental health status, and treatment in Nigeria and Uganda","authors":"B. Thylstrup, K. Bloomfield, A. Seid","doi":"10.7895/IJADR.247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7895/IJADR.247","url":null,"abstract":"Background : The current level of alcohol consumption has placed Nigeria and Uganda in the group of high consumption countries, however little is known about how people with problematic alcohol use and related problems utilize treatment services. Aims : This study examined the relationship between alcohol consumption and mental health status in Nigeria and Uganda, and the relationship between heavy episodic drinking and treatment-seeking and treatment-receiving behavior. Data and methods : Analyses were based on cross-sectional survey data from Nigeria (N= 2018) and Uganda (N=1478) aged > 18 years from the 2003 Gender, Alcohol, and Culture: An International Study (GENACIS). Results : In both countries, the level of alcohol consumption was comparatively high, however, associations between drinking status and mental health problems were found only in Nigeria. Heavy episodic drinkers were more likely to report having sought help in both countries, only in Nigeria was it also related to ever receiving help. Conclusion : National strategies in both countries must continue allocation of resources to treatment services, supporting treatment availability and early identification of alcohol and related mental health problems. Implementation of national alcohol policies should be followed up with assessment and adjustments.","PeriodicalId":162336,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Alcohol and Drug Research","volume":"231 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132235893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Event-based analysis of the association between alcohol use and unsafe sex in seven sub-Saharan African countries","authors":"Shireen Assaf, L. Mallick","doi":"10.7895/ijadr.245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7895/ijadr.245","url":null,"abstract":"Aims : To examine the association between alcohol consumption at last sex and unsafe sex in seven countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Design : Multivariable logistic regression of unsafe sex was performed using cross-sectional data with a stratified sample design from seven countries. Setting : The study uses data from the Demographic and Health Surveys of Lesotho, Kenya, Mozambique, Swaziland, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Participants : Men and women age 15–49 years with data available on alcohol consumption and who have had sex in the last 12 months were included in the analysis. Measures : The main independent variable is alcohol consumption at last sex with a non-cohabiting partner. Findings : The analysis has shown that alcohol consumption was a strong predictor of unsafe sex for all surveys except for women in Kenya. Age and number of sexual partners were also strong predictors of unsafe sex. Conclusions : The findings indicate that there is a positive link between alcohol consumption and unsafe sex in all countries except for Kenya among women. The inconsistent finding in Kenya requires further study. One of the main limitations of the analysis is the low number of observations found for women and men who reported drinking at last sex with a non-cohabiting partner.","PeriodicalId":162336,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Alcohol and Drug Research","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131736115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol and hypertension: An analysis using The Health Survey for England 2014","authors":"R. Grovu, J. Rehm","doi":"10.7895/IJADR.244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7895/IJADR.244","url":null,"abstract":"Aims : This study aims to model the risk relationships between alcohol consumption and hypertension, as alcohol is likely an important modifiable risk factor in treating hypertension and an important lifestyle variable to be taken into consideration by policy makers and physicians. Design/Participants/Measures : This cross-sectional study uses data from the The Health Survey for England to perform a correlational analysis, as well as multinomial and binomial modeling to evaluate alcohol’s impact on hypertension outcomes, all while controlling for relevant covariates (age, sex, smoking, exercise, body mass index, and education). Findings : Findings indicate that alcohol consumption correlates with blood pressure and hypertension, yet the significance of these findings is weakened by large between-person variability and by confounding factors. Conclusions : Based on these results, for the best cardiovascular health outcomes, we suggest that it is best to err on the side of caution and recommend, regarding alcohol intake, very limited (in the case of healthy patients) to no (for those with hypertension) alcohol consumption.","PeriodicalId":162336,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Alcohol and Drug Research","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121884554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contextual predictors of AUDIT scores among adult men living in India","authors":"Danielle R. Madden, L. Rathi, Ashley E. Stewart, J. Clapp","doi":"10.7895/IJADR.V6I1.241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7895/IJADR.V6I1.241","url":null,"abstract":"Madden, D., Rathi, L., Stewart, A., & Clapp, J. (2017). Contextual predictors of AUDIT scores among adult men living in India.  The International Journal Of Alcohol And Drug Research, 6 (1), 53-58. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.7895/ijadr.v6i1.241 Introduction: Currently, little is known about the prevalence of alcohol use in India. In order to begin to address this knowledge gap, this exploratory study examined contextual aspects of drinking events and the relationship between these factors and high-risk drinking. Methods: A convenience sample of 198 adult men was recruited from rural areas adjacent to the city of Nagpur. Participants were sampled in two waves. Respondents in both waves completed a nine-item survey that addressed alcohol use, including motivation to drink, where one drinks, and with whom one drinks. Demographic characteristics (e.g., income) were also recorded. Respondents recruited in the second wave (n = 98) completed the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). The data were analyzed using Poisson regression models. Results: Of those who completed the AUDIT, 37% were at high risk for developing an alcohol-use disorder (i.e., received a score of 20 or greater). Participants had higher AUDIT scores (i.e., alcohol-use problems) when they reported typically buying alcohol in a shop. Furthermore, respondents with greater weekly incomes and those who drink with the motivation to get very drunk have higher AUDIT scores. Conclusions: This study found an alarmingly high rate of alcohol use and alcohol-related issues among respondents. A better understanding of drinking patterns and contextual aspects of drinking events is warranted.","PeriodicalId":162336,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Alcohol and Drug Research","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124027688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring perceptions of alcohol use in two Indian states: A qualitative study from Delhi and Haryana, India","authors":"M. Arora, A. Tewari, Shalini Bassi, K. Chauhan, S. Bhasin, Ann-Sofie Bakshi, S. Andréasson","doi":"10.7895/IJADR.V6I1.238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7895/IJADR.V6I1.238","url":null,"abstract":"Arora, M., Tewari, A., Bassi, S., Chauhan, K., Bhasin, S., Bakshi, A., & Andreasson, S. (2017). Exploring perceptions of alcohol use in two Indian states: A qualitative study from Delhi and Haryana, India. The International Journal Of Alcohol And Drug Research, 6 (1), 1-6. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.7895/ijadr.v6i1.238 Aims:  To explore perceptions and determinants influencing alcohol consumption, with a view to inform development of suitable policies to control alcohol consumption. Methodology: Focus group discussions (FGDs) ( n =24) were conducted in two Indian states among the rural Haryana ( n =8 FGDs; 58 participants) and urban Delhi ( n =16 FGDs; 113 participants) populations. Purposive sampling was used to recruit the participants, who were from high and low socioeconomic status (SES) groups and in the age group of 18–58 years. Results: Different factors influence alcohol consumption in high and low SES groups. The age of initiation is now as low as 10–12 years, attributable to the recent trend of increased accessibility. The participants agreed that alcohol consumption has now become a more acceptable part of daily living, whereas earlier it was limited to special occasions and festivals. This has contributed to an increase in drinking. Drinking among women was earlier a taboo, but now women (mainly of high SES), are often seen drinking at social gatherings. The respondents mentioned weak enforcement of regulatory policies related to alcohol consumption and sales. Conclusions: A shift in attitudes was observed towards drinking. Drinking is increasingly seen as a part of daily life. The availability of alcohol is perceived to be increasing and restrictions on sale are not effectively enforced. There is an urgent need to re-evaluate the alcohol policy from a public health perspective in India.","PeriodicalId":162336,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Alcohol and Drug Research","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129763424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The DRINC (Drinking Reasons Inter-National Collaboration) project : Rationale and protocol for a cross-national study of drinking motives in undergraduates","authors":"Marie-Eve Couture, Sherry H. Stewart, M. Lynne Cooper, E. Kuntsche, Roisin M O'Connor, S. Mackinnon, The DRINC Team","doi":"10.7895/IJADR.V6I1.239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7895/IJADR.V6I1.239","url":null,"abstract":"Couture, M., Stewart, S., Cooper, M., Kuntsche, E., O’Connor, R., Mackinnon, S., & DRINC Team, t. (2017). The DRINC (Drinking Reasons Inter-National Collaboration) project: Rationale and protocol for a cross-national study of drinking motives in undergraduates. The International Journal Of Alcohol And Drug Research, 6 (1), 7-18. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.7895/ijadr.v6i1.239 Drinking motives are a proximal predictor of alcohol use and misuse through which the effects of more distal influences (e.g., personality) on alcohol-related outcomes are mediated. Although Cooper’s (1994) four-factor drinking-motives model has been well validated in North America, few studies have validated this model in other countries. The aim of the present paper is to describe the rationale, protocol, and methods of a project designed to evaluate the cross-national validity and generalizability of Cooper’s (1994) measure, as modified by Kuntsche and Kuntsche’s Drinking Motives Questionnaire Revised Short Form (DMQ–R SF, 2009), and of the theoretical model (Cooper, Frone, Russell, & Mudar, 1995) linking drinking motives to specific personality risks and alcohol consequences. The project uses data from undergraduates representing 10 nations (Brazil, United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland, Canada, Hungary, Mexico, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Switzerland, and the United States; total N = 8,478). Findings from this collaboration can be used to guide international researchers in determining the suitability of the DMQ–R SF as a measure of drinking motives in countries outside of North America and may have implications for the development of preventive and therapeutic interventions for alcohol misuse among young adults globally.","PeriodicalId":162336,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Alcohol and Drug Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128290084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment challenges for alcohol service users in Kampala, Uganda","authors":"David Kalema, W. Vanderplasschen, Sofie Vindevogel, P. Baguma, I. Derluyn","doi":"10.7895/IJADR.V6I1.240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7895/IJADR.V6I1.240","url":null,"abstract":"Kalema, D., Vanderplasschen, W., Vindevogel, S., Baguma, P., & Derluyn, I. (2017). Treatment challenges for alcohol service users in Kampala, Uganda. The International Journal Of Alcohol And Drug Research, 6 (1), 27-35. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.7895/ijadr.v6i1.240 Background and Aims: Enhancing treatment participation of persons with substance use disorders is a challenge worldwide. Obstacles keeping people from entering or continuing treatment are well documented in Western countries, but such knowledge is scarce in majority countries that face particular challenges when implementing alcohol policies. This study aimed at identifying factors challenging treatment participation in Uganda, a Sub-Saharan country with a considerable alcohol problem. Methods: Data were collected during 30 in-depth, qualitative interviews on treatment challenges with 20 service providers and 10 male service users, who were recruited at one public and one private alcohol treatment center in the Ugandan capital city, Kampala. Men comprise about 90% of the total number of service users in these centers. Interview data were analyzed thematically, using Nvivo software, and were categorized around three levels of treatment challenges: societal, institutional, and personal challenges. Findings: Interview findings showed several treatment challenges relating to institutional aspects like inadequate human resources, overall insufficiency of services, and the treatment philosophy of available services. Respondents identified stigma and cultural interference as important challenges at the societal level, while limited awareness about addiction and denial of problems can be situated at the individual level. Conclusions: Institutional, societal, and personal challenges keep persons with AUD from participating in alcohol treatment in public and private services in Uganda. Alcohol regulation, sensitization, and prevention are needed to raise awareness at the societal and individual level, while appropriate training and additional financial resources may help to overcome institutional challenges.","PeriodicalId":162336,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Alcohol and Drug Research","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133078341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors influencing psychoactive substance use among adolescents in public secondary schools in Uganda","authors":"Aloysius Rukundo, G. Kibanja, K. Steffens","doi":"10.7895/IJADR.V6I1.237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7895/IJADR.V6I1.237","url":null,"abstract":"Rukundo, A., Kibanja, G., & Steffens, K. (2017). Factors influencing psychoactive substance use among adolescents in public secondary schools in Uganda.  The International Journal Of Alcohol And Drug Research, 6 (1), 69-76. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.7895/ijadr.v6i1.237 Introduction: Studies exploring psychoactive substance use (PASU) among adolescents report a variety of both intrapersonal and interpersonal negatively and positively reinforcing factors. While existing studies have looked at factors affecting PASU among adolescents in general, little has been done to explore such factors in schools. Objective: This paper examines the factors that influence PASU among adolescents in Ugandan public schools. Methods: The study generated data from 12 focus group discussions (FGDs), based on a qualitative, cross-sectional exploratory design using purposive sampling. We used a focus group guide based on the question “What factors influence use of Results: All focus groups noted peer pressure as the strongest factor influencing use of substances in schools, with relief from domestic stress being identified as the second strongest factor. The FGDs tackled other factors related to PASU in public schools in Uganda, though not to as big of an extent. Conclusion: Present study results generally seem to suggest that PASU among adolescents in public schools is a result of the interaction between adolescents, the substances in question, and the environment in which those adolescents live.","PeriodicalId":162336,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Alcohol and Drug Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134373545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}