{"title":"Modified space-time transmission in DS-CDMA downlink facilitating MISO channel equalization","authors":"L. Berger, L. Schumacher","doi":"10.1109/VETECF.2002.1040739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VETECF.2002.1040739","url":null,"abstract":"A downlink space-time block coding transmission scheme is assessed via Monte Carlo simulations in a direct sequence code division multiple access context. Raw symbol error rate performance of the space-time transmit diversity scheme defined in the UTRA/FDD standard serves as a benchmark. Exploiting space-time code properties, the new scheme facilitates radio channel equalization and space-time decoding prior to despreading. Assuming ideal equalization, the proposed diversity scheme is therefore own cell interference free and outperforms conventional, schemes in frequency selective fading environments. With increasing channel estimation error, however, the proposed scheme tends to suffer from multiple access interference.","PeriodicalId":162055,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings IEEE 56th Vehicular Technology Conference","volume":"70 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115820101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A fast maximum-likelihood decoder for convolutional codes","authors":"J. Feldman, I. Abou-Faycal, M. Frigo","doi":"10.1109/VETECF.2002.1040367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VETECF.2002.1040367","url":null,"abstract":"The lazy Viterbi decoder is a maximum-likelihood decoder for block and stream convolutional codes. For many codes of practical interest, under reasonable noise conditions, the lazy decoder is much faster than the original Viterbi decoder. For a code of constraint length 6, the lazy algorithm is about 50% faster than an optimized implementation of the Viterbi decoder whenever SNR>6 dB. Moreover, while the running time of the Viterbi decoder grows exponentially with the constraint length, under reasonable noise conditions, the running time of the lazy algorithm is essentially independent of the constraint length. This paper introduces the lazy Viterbi decoder and shows how to make it efficient in practice.","PeriodicalId":162055,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings IEEE 56th Vehicular Technology Conference","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122430259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Area coverage and capacity enhancement by multihop connection of CDMA cellular network","authors":"A. Fujiwara, S. Takeda, H. Yoshino, T. Otsu","doi":"10.1109/VETECF.2002.1040645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VETECF.2002.1040645","url":null,"abstract":"In future broadband communication systems, a multi-hop scheme, in which stations between a mobile terminal and a base station relay signal transmissions, seems a promising approach for wide-area coverage and system capacity enhancement. We apply the multi-hop connection scheme to a code division multiple access (CDMA) cellular system and compare its performance to that of a conventional single-hop cellular system. In computer simulations, we assume a packet-based multi-cell environment considering intercell and intracell interference and that every mobile station is equipped with a function for relaying transmission signals. Simulations are performed for the cases where the area coverage cannot be obtained by using only a single-hop connection, and where full area coverage is obtained by a single-hop connection. In the former case, almost 90% of area coverage is obtained when the area coverage by a single hop is approximately 50%. In the latter case, packet arrival ratio is increased by using a multi-hop connection. The degree of improvement, however, is very slight due to interference between signals from base stations and relay stations.","PeriodicalId":162055,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings IEEE 56th Vehicular Technology Conference","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122491258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"MEWLANA-mobile IP enriched wireless local area network architecture","authors":"Mustafa Ergen, A. Puri","doi":"10.1109/VETECF.2002.1040661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VETECF.2002.1040661","url":null,"abstract":"The idea of extending mobile IP capabilities to ad hoc networks introduces fast agent discovery, increases cell coverage of access points, and extends ad hoc network size by providing connection to the Internet. We aim to show that an adaptive protocol is required since different protocols are optimum for different environments. We propose two protocols called MEWLANA-TD and MEWLANA-RD based on DSDV and a novel ad hoc routing called tree based bidirectional routing (TBBR) respectively in addition to the proposed protocols based on on-demand routing. We classify the ad hoc environment into regions and present which protocol is appropriate for which region.","PeriodicalId":162055,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings IEEE 56th Vehicular Technology Conference","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122932466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wim Kotterman, G. F. Pedersen, K. Olesen, P. Eggers
{"title":"Correlation properties for radio channels from multiple base stations to two antennas on a small handheld terminal","authors":"Wim Kotterman, G. F. Pedersen, K. Olesen, P. Eggers","doi":"10.1109/VETECF.2002.1040386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VETECF.2002.1040386","url":null,"abstract":"It is generally understood that in Rayleigh fading radio channels, sufficient decorrelation for antenna diversity purposes is found at the mobile at antenna separations larger than about /spl lambda//2. However, it has been indicated that with dissimilar antennas with less separation on a small handset, still good diversity gain can be achieved(Pedersen et al. 1999). We present measurements of correlation properties with two similar antennas on our new small measurement handset (Kotterman et al. 2001) (connected by optic fibre, not by conducting cable) of indoor channels at 2140 MHz, including the user. The set-up is with three base stations (BS) simultaneously in order to simulate interference and macro diversity situations. We measured with two types of antennas, monopoles and patches (separation 0.29/spl lambda/ and 0.16/spl lambda/ resp.) in two buildings (old and modern construction) in two different BS configurations, each with up to twelve test users. At the smallest separation of 0.16/spl lambda/ the power correlation between branches remained below 0.83 for the fast fading (median values around 0.5). On the other hand, the slow fading can be strongly correlated between BSs (median value 0.8).","PeriodicalId":162055,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings IEEE 56th Vehicular Technology Conference","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131609590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design of a fuel cell hybrid tramway","authors":"S. Gay, M. Ehsani","doi":"10.1109/VETECF.2002.1040750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VETECF.2002.1040750","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the concept of fuel cell hybrid tramway as a viable alternative to catenary-powered tramways. The feasibility of a fuel cell hybrid tramway based on the analysis of the unique characteristics of the drive cycle of a tramway is discussed. The potential advantages and challenges faced are exposed and future research work on the concept is outlined.","PeriodicalId":162055,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings IEEE 56th Vehicular Technology Conference","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132362980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigation of battery technologies for the army's hybrid vehicle application","authors":"Yimin Gao, M. Ehsani","doi":"10.1109/VETECF.2002.1040467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VETECF.2002.1040467","url":null,"abstract":"A theoretical electrochemical cell is designed for the highest practical energy density. The materials are selected on the basis of bonding energies of the elements in the periodic table. It is shown that the physical limit to energy density of batteries is about 10-13 times larger than in the present lead-acid batteries, and an optimistic practical limit is approximately 450 Wh/kg. Based on the basic energy and power requirements of military vehicles and supposing that 25% is the maximum acceptable value of battery weight ratio to vehicle total weight, it is found that the proposed high energy density battery can support the vehicle highway driving at speeds of 70 mph for over 250 miles, and 15 miles at hill climbing at speeds of 6 mph. It is also found that with the best currently available batteries, the highway driving range is only about 105 miles, and hill climbing for about 6.4 miles. The study also shows that power capacities of batteries at present can meet the power requirement of the vehicle, even in hard acceleration.","PeriodicalId":162055,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings IEEE 56th Vehicular Technology Conference","volume":"200 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133177574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Sundaresan, Hung-Yun Hsieh, Raghupathy Sivakumar
{"title":"IEEE 802.11 over multi-hop wireless networks: problems and new perspectives","authors":"K. Sundaresan, Hung-Yun Hsieh, Raghupathy Sivakumar","doi":"10.1109/VETECF.2002.1040699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VETECF.2002.1040699","url":null,"abstract":"The IEEE 802.11 standard for medium access control in wireless local area networks has been adopted as the de-facto medium access control standard in multi-hop wireless networks. In this paper we contend that the unique characteristics that differentiate multi-hop wireless networks from local area wireless networks render the IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol inefficient in the former class of networks. Through simulations we substantiate our arguments, and consider the key changes required to adapt the IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol for multi-hop wireless networks.","PeriodicalId":162055,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings IEEE 56th Vehicular Technology Conference","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134184847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On the capacity of multi-antenna systems in the presence of Rician fading","authors":"S. Jayaweera, H. V. Poor","doi":"10.1109/VETECF.2002.1040561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VETECF.2002.1040561","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of Rician fading on the capacity of multi-antenna systems designed to be optimal for Rayleigh fading are investigated under the assumption that channel state information (CSI) is available only at the receiver. Capacity bounds for the multi-antenna Rician fading channel are also derived and numerical results for some representative situations are provided.","PeriodicalId":162055,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings IEEE 56th Vehicular Technology Conference","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134450633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reduced-complexity I/Q turbo detector for convolutional-coding assisted space-time trellis coding","authors":"B. Yeap, T. Liew, L. Hanzo","doi":"10.1109/VETECF.2002.1040744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VETECF.2002.1040744","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a reduced-complexity turbo detector for convolutional-coding aided space-time trellis coded (STTC) schemes. The proposed technique is based on the separate in-phase/quadrature-phase (I/Q) detection principle developed for single-transmitter and single-receiver systems. Essentially, the reduced-complexity I/Q turbo detector (R-TD) decomposes the received signal into its constituent I and Q components and detects these components separately, hence reducing the number of possible signal combinations to be 'tested' by the detector. It is observed that the R-TD is capable of approaching the performance of the full-complexity turbo detector, while achieving a complexity reduction factor of 4.2 for a R = 1/2 , convolutional-coded 4-PSK 4-state STTC system communicating over two-path equal-weight Rayleigh fading channels. The performance of the convolutional-coded STTC schemes is also compared to that of the STTC benchmarker refraining from using channel coding, while maintaining a particular throughput. It was found that the convolutional-coded STTC system achieved a gain of 1.2 dB at BER=10/sup -5/, although at the expense of a significant increase in complexity.","PeriodicalId":162055,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings IEEE 56th Vehicular Technology Conference","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134629804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}