2007 International Symposium on Micro-NanoMechatronics and Human Science最新文献

{"title":"Multi-Scale Genetics of Transcription Network: Understanding the Regulatory Roles of All 300 Transcription Factors from a Single Organism Escherichia coli","authors":"A. Ishihama, H. Ogasawara, T. Shimada, J. Teramoto, A. Hasegawa, Y. Umezawa, K. Yabuki, Y. Ishida, T. Inaba, A. Kori, K. Yamada, Y. Kitai, N. Kobayashi, D. Kato, K. Yamamoto","doi":"10.1109/MHS.2007.4420820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MHS.2007.4420820","url":null,"abstract":"The modulation of gene selectivity of RNA polymerase is the key step in the bacterial response to environmental changes. The gene selectivity of RNA polymerase is modulated after interaction with seven species of sigma factor, the promoter recognition subunit, and a total of about 300 DNA-binding transcription factors in the second step. In order to get insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the global regulation of genome expression, our effort has been focused on the identification of genes and promoters under the control of each transcription factor. For this purpose, we have developed the 'Genomic SELEX' system, which allows the quick identification of DNA sequences recognized in vitro by transcription factors. Regulation in vivo of the target genes predicted after the 'Genomic SELEX' was examined by analysis of individual transcripts in the presence and absence of the test transcription factors. The regulated promoter activity was also examined using the newly constructed two-fluorescent-protein promoter assay vector pGRP. Results altogether indicate the involvement of complex networks between transcription factors and promoters in the global regulation of genome transcription.","PeriodicalId":161669,"journal":{"name":"2007 International Symposium on Micro-NanoMechatronics and Human Science","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123451056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Surface Charge Density of Lipid Membranes on the Pore Formation Induced by Magainin 2","authors":"Y. Tamba, S. Masum, M. Yamazaki","doi":"10.1109/MHS.2007.4420833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MHS.2007.4420833","url":null,"abstract":"Interactions of antimicrobial peptides with lipid membranes have been investigated using a suspension of small liposomes, and their details remain unclear. Using the single GUV method, we have succeeded in revealing elementary processes of the pore formation in lipid membranes induced by magainin 2 in our previous paper (Biochemistry, 44, 15823, 2005). In this report, to elucidate the mechanism of the magainin 2-induced pore formation, we investigated the effect of surface charge density of membranes on the pore formation. To change the surface charge density, we controlled negatively charged DOPG concentration in DOPG/DOPC membrane from 30 to 60 mol%. We found that, in all kinds of GUVs, magainin 2 induced a rapid leakage of calcein from single GUVs, showing that magainin 2 formed pores in the membrane. For GUVs with the same charge density, the fraction of leaked GUV, PLS, increased with time, and PLS at a fixed time increased with magainin 2 concentration. The magainin 2 concentration at PLS = 0.5 at a fixed time increased with a decrease in the surface charge density, indicating that higher concentrations of magainin 2 in a buffer were required to induce the pore formation in GUVs with lower surface charge density. Using the Gouy-Chapman theory, we obtained magainin 2 concentration in the membrane interface, assuming the intrinsic binding constant of magainin 2 with DOPG/DOPC membranes. On the basis of these results, we discuss the role of magainin 2 concentration in the membrane interface in the magainin 2-induced pore formation.","PeriodicalId":161669,"journal":{"name":"2007 International Symposium on Micro-NanoMechatronics and Human Science","volume":"28 Suppl 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123772962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cell-free synthesis of GFP under high temperature conditions","authors":"T. Kanai, T. Endoh, T. Imanaka","doi":"10.1109/MHS.2007.4420828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MHS.2007.4420828","url":null,"abstract":"Previously, we have developed a system for cell-free protein synthesis that can be operated at high temperatures using a lysate of Thermococcus kodakaraensis. Here, we tested cell-free synthesis of green fluorescent protein (GFP) using the T. kodakaraensis system. A thermostable GFP derivative (tGFP) was used as a reporter protein. By changing the codon usage of tGFP gene for T. kodakaraensis, production of tGFP was detectable in a temperature range of 50degC to 65degC, with an optimum at 60degC. In this condition, active tGFP constitute only 34-62 % of the total protein synthesized. The ratio of active tGFP synthesized markedly increased to 77-84 % by the addition of T. kodakaraensis chaperonin (CpkB) oligomers at 60degC. As tGFP, once folded properly, showed a high stability under these conditions, the results here clearly indicate the presence of a heat-labile state(s) in the folding process of tGFP.","PeriodicalId":161669,"journal":{"name":"2007 International Symposium on Micro-NanoMechatronics and Human Science","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124410102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatigue Evaluation of Piezo Impact Drive Mechanism","authors":"Nan Jiang, Junbiao Liu, T. Tao, Li Han","doi":"10.1109/MHS.2007.4420862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MHS.2007.4420862","url":null,"abstract":"Impact drive mechanism (IDM) has been applied in many fields in recent years. As an important component, the piezoelectric element (multilayer actuator) influences the mechanism's performance to a large extent. After been used for a long time, fatigue of the element will occur undoubtedly, which may be disadvantageous to the motion characteristic of IDM. The relationship between the fatigue and the movement is investigated in this paper making use of three non-destructive evaluation (NDE) methods. The experiment result reveals that if the fatigue occurs in multilayer actuator, the movement performance of IDM will be affected to varying degrees. It is confirmed that the impedance curve, the capacitance and the hysteresis loop of piezo element can be utilized as effective tools to estimate the IDM's property. They can be regarded as a reference standard to design, fabrication and application of IDM.","PeriodicalId":161669,"journal":{"name":"2007 International Symposium on Micro-NanoMechatronics and Human Science","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131982264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Miniaturized Force Sensor with Quartz Crystal Resonator for Wide Range of Measurement","authors":"Yu-Ching Lin, A. Asakura, T. Fukuda, F. Arai","doi":"10.1109/MHS.2007.4420870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MHS.2007.4420870","url":null,"abstract":"To achieve high sensitivity, high-speed response, and wide range, a force sensor with quartz crystal resonator, which has the characteristic that the resonance frequency changes by the external force, is fabricated with a simple structure. AT-cut quartz crystal is employed due to its superior temperature and frequency stability. Because it is weak for the quartz crystal to the impact, bend, and tension, an element retention mechanism was designed that safely maintains the quartz crystal resonator for the external force with flat structure. In this study, a novel retention mechanism of the quartz crystal resonator for the flat structure was fabricated and analyzed. The proposed force sensor is flat, small, and sensitive to be applied to several usages such as medical treatment and dynamic contact force detection of human.","PeriodicalId":161669,"journal":{"name":"2007 International Symposium on Micro-NanoMechatronics and Human Science","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132227539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of Micro Bending Actuator using Iron-Gallium Alloy (Galfenol)","authors":"T. Ueno, T. Higuchi","doi":"10.1109/MHS.2007.4420899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MHS.2007.4420899","url":null,"abstract":"A micro bending actuator based on bimorph, lamination of Galfenol (iron-gallium alloy) and Nickel (Ni) is investigated. Galfenol is an iron-based magnetostrictive material with magnetostrictions greater than 200 ppm, a high relative permeability mur > 70 and a Young's modulus of ~70 GPa. This material is machinable by conventional cutting techniques, and can operate under tensile, bending, and impact loads without degradation in performance. The bending actuator is the Galfenol of C-shape yoke bonded with Ni (lamination) wound coils, composing close magnetic loop with connected an iron plate. The magnetostrictions (positive: Galfenol and negative: Ni) in longitude direction are constrained at bonding surface, thus, the laminations yield bending deformation with a magnetic field applied. The advantage of the actuator is simple, compact and ease of assembling including winding coil, and high tolerance against bending, tensile and impact. We machined the yoke from a plate of 1mm thickness of polycrystalline Galfenol (Fe81.6Ga18.4 research grade) using ultra high precision cutting technique. We measured the performance of two types using lamination using Galfenol and SUS (previous) or Galfenol with internal mechanical stress by stress annealing and Ni (improved). The displacement of the latter was observed 22 mum compared with former one of 13 mum, 70% increased due to pre-stress effect and negative magnetostriction of Ni. The actuator was verified high bending (tensile) tolerance withstanding suspended weight of 500 g and can be operated with weight of 200 g under resonant frequency.","PeriodicalId":161669,"journal":{"name":"2007 International Symposium on Micro-NanoMechatronics and Human Science","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134119025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Force Feedback Control for Block Spring Motor","authors":"K. Miyawak, S. Mori, A. Sakurada, Y. Kimura, A. Naganawa, Y. Shibuya, G. Obinata","doi":"10.1109/MHS.2007.4420918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MHS.2007.4420918","url":null,"abstract":"High precise positioning and force control are based on nanotechnology. Nanotechnology, especially nanometer positioning technology with high speed and robust force feedback control requires the utilization of a variety of technical fields including magnetic recording, biotechnology and the semiconductor industry. Until now there have been various actuator systems proposed, but the structure models have only working distances of either under a millimeter or over ten millimeters. A structural model with working distances ranging several millimeters has not yet been designed. Therefore we are proposing a new structure design of actuator that would allow us to build actuator systems with working distances between those parameters. This new actuator consists of a voice coil motor and a new guide with an elastic support mechanism. The elastic support mechanism consists of a special spring which is restricted to moving only one-way. This new ESM does not cause any lose motion, mechanical play or friction with motion. Since characteristically voice coil motor thrusts and displaces the elastic support mechanism linearly, highly precise positioning and force control can be realized using a simple controller. This paper will provide basic data for developing future nano-actuator systems.","PeriodicalId":161669,"journal":{"name":"2007 International Symposium on Micro-NanoMechatronics and Human Science","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129588865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and Magnetic Properties of New Multi-components Spinel Ferrite Nanoparticles","authors":"S. Sugimoto, K. Yagi, Y. Harada, M. Tokuda","doi":"10.1109/MHS.2007.4420915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MHS.2007.4420915","url":null,"abstract":"We synthesized new multi-components spinel ferrite including Ni, Mn, Zn, Co, and Fe in order to improve the magnetic properties in nanosized particles by using a chemical coprecipitation method. The samples were synthesized in the mole ratios of M_xM_yFe_{(1_x+y)}OldrFe₂O₃ (M_x M_y=Ni, Mn, Zn, Co, 0<M_x+M_y<1), and the maximum saturation magnetizations of them were measured by VSM. XRD patterns of M_xM_yFe_(1-x+y)OldrFe₂O₃ nanoparticles showed spinel structure and it was observed by EPMA that the composition of nanoparticles was about the same as stoichiometry of the starting materials. Each maximum saturation magnetization of synthesized samples was 66.1 ~ 83.3 [Aldrm²/kg]. The saturation magnetizations of the samples including Zn²⁺ have increased prominently. CoZnFeO-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles showed the highest saturation magnetization. The relevant mole ratio of CoZnFeO-Fe₂O₃ was investigated, and the mean diameter of CoZnFeO-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles was determined by TEM image. The change of mole ratio affects the saturation magnetization of CoZnFeO-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles, which ranges from 2.6 to 83.3 [Aldrm²/kg]. Co_0.21Zn_0.17Fe_0.62OldrFe₂O₃ particles had maximum saturation magnetization of 83.3 [Aldrm²/kg]. The particle size decreases with the increase in mole ratio of Co²⁺ and it ranges from 7.8 to 11.3 [nm]. The results indicated that the variation of saturation magnetization was larger than that of the particle size. The saturation magnetization of Co_0.21Zn_0.17Fe_0.62OldrFe₂O₃ (83.3 [Aldrm²/kg]) increased by 31%, compared with that of FeO-Fe₂O₃ (63.8 [Aldrm²/kg]). We succeeded at improving the magnetic properties in nanosized particles by synthesizing multi-component spinel ferrite.","PeriodicalId":161669,"journal":{"name":"2007 International Symposium on Micro-NanoMechatronics and Human Science","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117297363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The work environment input for a power distribution line maintenance robot","authors":"K. Tsukahara, Y. Tanaka, R. Hori, Yingxin He, K. Tatsuno","doi":"10.1109/MHS.2007.4420926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MHS.2007.4420926","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes two methods to input work environments around an electric pole by a vision system for a power distribution line maintenance robot. One is to superimpose 3D frame models on images of components in the environments by an operation. Other is to superimpose 3D frame models on images of components in the environments automatically. We can make the work environment input by the manual and automatical superimposing method.","PeriodicalId":161669,"journal":{"name":"2007 International Symposium on Micro-NanoMechatronics and Human Science","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131022731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On-Chip Fabrication of Optical Multiple Microsensor Using Functional Gel-Microbead","authors":"H. Maruyama, M. Ito, F. Arai, T. Fukuda","doi":"10.1109/MHS.2007.4420838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MHS.2007.4420838","url":null,"abstract":"A novel multiple environments measurement with functional gel-microbead was developed. Optical multiple microsensor was fabricated by connecting gel-microbeads impregnated different indicators. In this paper, Bromothymol blue (BTB) and Bromocresol green (BCG) were employed as pH indicators. BTB and BCG have different indicator range. Rhodamine B is temperature sensitive fluorescent dye and is used for temperature measurement. Gel-microbead is made by salting-out of hydrophilic photo-crosslinkable resin. Gel-microbead is polymerized by UV-ray and adheres to other gel-microbead under an electrolyte solution. Connection of gel-microbeads is operated by only contact. Multiple environments measurement is curried out by detecting the colour and fluorescence intensity of each gel-microbead. We succeeded in fabricating optical multiple microsensor, measuring pH with wide range, and measuring pH and temperature with same gel-microbead.","PeriodicalId":161669,"journal":{"name":"2007 International Symposium on Micro-NanoMechatronics and Human Science","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134006943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}