S.N. Nazrin , M.S. Sutrisno , Halimah Badioze Zaman , Neesha Jothi , Aladdin Assaiqeli , Safa Ezzine
{"title":"Enhanced photoluminescence and optical properties of erbium-doped zinc tellurite glasses for visible and near-infrared photonic applications","authors":"S.N. Nazrin , M.S. Sutrisno , Halimah Badioze Zaman , Neesha Jothi , Aladdin Assaiqeli , Safa Ezzine","doi":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121184","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121184","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Erbium-doped zinc tellurite glasses are emerging as valuable materials for photonic applications, particularly in visible and near-infrared (NIR) regions, due to their strong photoluminescence and favorable optical properties. However, optimizing these glasses for high emission intensity while avoiding concentration quenching remains a challenge. This study aims to fabricate and characterize erbium-doped zinc tellurite glasses with varying erbium oxide (Er<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) concentrations, focusing on their photoluminescence behavior in both visible and NIR regions. Glass samples were prepared using the melt-quenching method and analyzed through UV–Vis–NIR optical and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The results showed strong emissions in the green (550 nm) region, with optimal emission intensities at a 0.02 M fraction of erbium oxide. Additionally, broad NIR emissions were observed at 1530 nm, suitable for optical communication applications such as broadband optical amplifiers. Beyond a 0.03 M fraction, the intensity decreased due to concentration quenching, attributed to cross-relaxation mechanisms among erbium ions. Judd-Ofelt analysis and McCumber theory were applied to understand the radiative properties and gain coefficients. The study concludes that 0.02 M fraction is the optimal erbium concentration, offering a balance between high visible and NIR emission intensities and minimal quenching. These findings demonstrate the potential of erbium-doped zinc tellurite glasses for improving optical communication systems and photonic devices, paving the way for advancements in fiber amplifiers and laser technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Luminescence","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 121184"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143714942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of synthesis methods on optical properties and oxidation states of europium in Eu-doped calcium fluoride","authors":"K.K. Volik, E.A. Mukhanova, I.A. Pankin, P.D. Kuznetsova, O.E. Polozhentsev, A.A. Tereshchenko, A.V. Soldatov","doi":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121185","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121185","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study explores the potential of europium-doped calcium fluoride (CaF<sub>2</sub>) nanoparticles (NPs) as promising candidates for photodynamic therapy due to their unique luminescence properties. We demonstrated that the relative concentrations of Eu<sup>2+</sup> and Eu<sup>3+</sup> can be tailored by varying the synthesis methods employed, such as coprecipitation and ultrasound techniques. Through a comparative analysis of X-ray excited optical luminescence (XEOL) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), we found that the transition from Eu<sup>3+</sup> to Eu<sup>2+</sup> can be induced by exposure to X-ray radiation of broad spectral characteristics. Our investigation highlights the influence of rare-earth doping on the X-ray luminescent properties of CaF<sub>2</sub>, thus positioning these materials as innovative options for photodynamic therapy applications. The presence of both Eu<sup>2+</sup> and Eu<sup>3+</sup> ions and their behavior under X-ray excitation underscore the significance of synthesis methods in optimizing the luminescent properties of these nanomaterials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Luminescence","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 121185"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143628543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Acenaphthenone derived thermally stable, solid state emissive, AIEgenic, and viscosity sensitive methine dyes with enhanced linear properties: Synthesis and DFT studies","authors":"Zeba Khan, Sekar Nagaiyan","doi":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121187","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121187","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acenaphthenone-derived methine derivatives are synthesized by oxidation of acenaphthene to acenaphthenone (I) followed by Knoevenagel condensation using malononitrile, benzothiazole acetonitrile, benzimidazole acetonitrile. The resulting molecules - I-1, I-2, and I-3 show absorption ⁓ 300–600 nm and emission ⁓ 360–500 nm range, respectively, in THF, MeOH, DMF, and DMSO. I-1, I-2, and I-3 also displayed solid-state emission at 515 nm, 517 nm, and 574 nm, respectively. Further, these derivatives were found sensitive toward viscous, acidic, and basic environments. I-1 and I-2 displayed aggregation-induced emission in THF:distilled water system. They show thermal stability ⁓ 250 °C. DFT studies revealed that these molecules are an electron-rich system with a planar geometry. The electron density is evenly distributed throughout the skeleton in both HOMO and LUMO. TD-B3LYP/6–311++G(d,p), TD-CAM-B3LYP/6–311++G(d,p), and experimental absorption maxima showed the same trend in THF. Vertical excitation is mainly assigned to HOMO → LUMO transition with % orbital contribution ⁓ 94–98 % and oscillator strength in the 0.09–0.93 range. These molecules can show linear properties exclusively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Luminescence","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 121187"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143631919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shichang Song , Zuizhi Lu , Ye Yang , Linawa Shen , Ling Liu , Jinling Huang , Chunyan Zhou , Liya Zhou , Peican Chen
{"title":"Integrated “all-in-one” strategy toward boosting photoluminescence performance in Cr3+- activated ganet phosphors","authors":"Shichang Song , Zuizhi Lu , Ye Yang , Linawa Shen , Ling Liu , Jinling Huang , Chunyan Zhou , Liya Zhou , Peican Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121179","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121179","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Boosting photoluminescence quantum efficiency (QE) while maintaining thermal stability is among the primary challenges in the commercialization of near-infrared (NIR) phosphor-converted light-emitting diodes (pc-LEDs). In this work, by chemical unit co-substitution of [Al<sup>3+</sup>-In<sup>3+</sup>] for [Ga<sup>3+</sup>-Ga<sup>3+</sup>], adding fluxes, and sintering in CO atmosphere, Cr<sup>3+</sup> activated Gd<sub>3</sub>In<sub><em>y</em></sub>Al<sub><em>x</em></sub>Ga<sub>5-<em>x</em>-<em>y</em></sub>O<sub>12</sub> phosphors exhibit emission from 650 to 1100 nm under excitation of 450 nm. At 423 K, the integrated photoluminescence intensity remains 96.7% of that at room temperature for Gd<sub>3</sub>In<sub>1.5</sub>Al<sub>0.5</sub>Ga<sub>3</sub>O<sub>12</sub>: 0.015Cr<sup>3+</sup>. Significantly, the corresponding internal quantum efficiency (IQE) has been improved from 76.5% to 90.5%. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and UV–Vis–NIR absorption spectra reveal that only Cr<sup>3+</sup> is present in the phosphor. The obtained phosphor is fabricated into LEDs and demonstrated their application in biological imaging. The proposed all-in-one strategy provides guidance for design of high-performance NIR phosphors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Luminescence","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 121179"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143686977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tiantian Qiao , Wei Shi , Xin Xin, Hongbin Zhuang, Yongqing Li
{"title":"Regulating the excited-state intramolecular dual proton transfer process and multiple fluorescence of 2,5-bis(4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzene-1,4-diol by expanding π-conjugation","authors":"Tiantian Qiao , Wei Shi , Xin Xin, Hongbin Zhuang, Yongqing Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new fluorescent chromophore with double hydrogen bonds, 2,5-bis(4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole-2-yl)benzene-1,4-diol (BDIBD), has recently been reported experimentally, which can achieve full-color panel luminescence in different solvents. It is hypothesized that this phenomenon may be triggered by the excited-state double proton transfer process, but lacking specific theoretical details. Enlightened by the excellent photophysical characteristics of organic molecules containing the π-extended units, we mainly discuss the effects of expanding π-conjugation on multiple fluorescence and the excited-state intramolecular dual proton transfer (ESIDPT) of this molecule using density functional theory and time-dependent density functional theory methods to explore the possibility of much broadened optical responses and full-color display. Three BDIBD derivatives are obtained by expanding the π-conjugated groups. The theoretical details of the multiple fluorescence emitted by BDIBD are given in detail and it is found that the photophysical properties of BDIBD with expanding π-conjugation are also significantly altered. The results show that expanding π-conjugation have a significant impact on the ESIDPT process of BDIBD chromophore, promoting the first proton transfer and inhibiting the second proton transfer process, respectively. This work proposes that the expanding π-conjugation can modulate the ESIDPT process and multiple fluorescence, providing some thoughts for designing and developing novel fluorescent chromophores experimentally in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Luminescence","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 121171"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143642934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synthesis, characterization, luminescence and NLO properties of binuclear copper(I) complexes containing carbon-rich alkynyl functionalized salicylaldimine ligand","authors":"Ajit H. Deshmukh, Sanjay S. Chavan","doi":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121183","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121183","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The binuclear carbon-rich alkynyl functionalized copper(I) complexes of the type [Cu<sub>2</sub>(<strong>L<sub>1</sub>/L<sub>2</sub></strong>)(<strong>phen</strong>/<strong>bipy</strong>)<sub>2</sub>] <strong>(1a-d)</strong> and [Cu<sub>2</sub>(<strong>L<sub>3</sub>/L<sub>4</sub></strong>)(<strong>phen</strong>/<strong>bipy</strong>)<sub>2</sub>] <strong>(2a-d)</strong>; (where, <strong>L<sub>1</sub></strong>= 4,4'-(1,4-phenylbis(ethyne-2,1-diyl))bis(2-(E−((4-nitrophenyl)imino)methyl)phenol); <strong>L<sub>2</sub></strong>= 4,4'-(1,4-phenylbis(ethyne-2,1-diyl))bis(2-(E((4-methoxyphenyl)imino)methyl)phenol) and <strong>L<sub>3</sub></strong>= 4,4'-([1,1′-biphenyl]-4,4′-diylbis(ethyne-2,1-diyl))bis(2-E−((4-nitrophenyl)imino)methyl)phenol); <strong>L<sub>4</sub></strong>= 4,4'-([1,1′-biphenyl]-4,4′-diylbis(ethyne-2,1-diyl))bis(2-E−((4-methoxypheny)imino)methyl)phenol) and phen= 1,10-phenanthroline and bipy = 2,2′-bipyridine) have been prepared and characterized on the basis of elemental analysis, FTIR, <sup>1</sup>H NMR and mass spectroscopic studies. These thermally stable complexes exhibit quasireversible redox behavior corresponding to Cu(I)/Cu(II) and Cu(II)/Cu(I) couples. Notably, the phenanthroline complexes appear at more positive potentials than their bipyridine counterparts, likely due to the π-acidic character of phenanthroline. At room temperature, all complexes show red-shifted emission, attributed to fluorescence resulting from intra-ligand charge transfer (ILCT) mixed with some metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT). Further, the excited state of <strong>1a-d</strong> and <strong>2a-d</strong> are stabilized and red shifted in their emission wavelength with increasing polarity of the solvents. The second harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency of the complexes, measured using the Kurtz-powder technique, indicates that all complexes exhibit significant potential as nonlinear optical materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Luminescence","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 121183"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143628544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaohui Chi , Yunyun Li , Wen Li , Jiajie Zhu , Huixin Xiu , Yuntao Wu
{"title":"Highly stable hybrid antimony(Ⅲ) halide single crystal scintillator with self-trapped excitons emission for X-ray detection","authors":"Xiaohui Chi , Yunyun Li , Wen Li , Jiajie Zhu , Huixin Xiu , Yuntao Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121182","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121182","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>X-ray detection scintillators have attracted widespread attention due to their vital application in the fields of medical diagnostics, security inspections and industrial non-destructive testing. Hybrid antimony(Ⅲ) halides have emerged as potential candidates due to high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), superb stability, and excellent solution processability. Here, zero-dimensional (0D) organic-inorganic hybrid halide scintillator CTP<sub>2</sub>SbCl<sub>5</sub> (CTP = (2-chlorobenzyl)triphenylphosphonium) single crystals are prepared by a solution-based slow cooling crystallization method. CTP<sub>2</sub>SbCl<sub>5</sub> crystals exhibit bright yellow broadband emission centered at 625 nm with a high PLQY of 57.6 %. Importantly, CTP<sub>2</sub>SbCl<sub>5</sub> possesses comprehensive scintillation performance, including a light yield of 8700 photons MeV<sup>−1</sup>, low afterglow and detection limit of 134.2 nGy<sub>air</sub> s<sup>−1</sup>, along with excellent irradiation and environmental stability. The results suggest that CTP<sub>2</sub>SbCl<sub>5</sub> has great potential in the field of X-ray detection and imaging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Luminescence","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 121182"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143592793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Huazhe Zhang , Malik Ashtar , Ying Yang , Huimin Zhang , Yufang Xie , Chenglin Zhang , Yuan Liu , Mingming Chen , Dawei Cao
{"title":"Enhancement of self-powered ultraviolet photodetection of PZT films via the collective effect induced by introducing SnO2 electron transport layer","authors":"Huazhe Zhang , Malik Ashtar , Ying Yang , Huimin Zhang , Yufang Xie , Chenglin Zhang , Yuan Liu , Mingming Chen , Dawei Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121181","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121181","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ferroelectric materials are considered promising for self-powered ultraviolet (UV) photodetector applications due to their photovoltaic effect. However, due to the relatively low photocurrent of pure ferroelectric thin-film materials, ferroelectric-based photodetectors exhibit poor performance. In this work, a PbZr<sub>0.52</sub>Ti<sub>0.48</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (PZT)/SnO<sub>2</sub> heterojunction photodetector was fabricated using a low-cost sol-gel method. In the heterojunction, the highly conductive SnO<sub>2</sub> serves as an electron transport layer (ETL). Compared to conventional devices grown on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates, our PZT/SnO<sub>2</sub> heterojunction exhibited larger PZT grain sizes, (100) oriented PZT growth, and significantly enhanced remnant polarization (Pr = 56 μC/cm<sup>2</sup>). This polarization effectively couples with the built-in electric field in the PZT/SnO<sub>2</sub> heterojunction. SnO<sub>2</sub>, with its low-temperature preparation and high electron extraction capabilities, acts as an electron transport layer, facilitating charge selection and transport, reducing charge recombination, and promoting photogenerated carrier separation, resulting in superior photosensitive performance. The PZT/SnO<sub>2</sub> heterojunction-based device demonstrated higher responsivity [<em>R</em> = 0.24 A/W], a higher detectivity [<em>D∗</em> = 2.01 × 10<sup>12</sup> Jones], and faster response speed (the rise time and fall time values of 16 ms and 37 ms, respectively.) at zero bias compared to PZT-based devices, outperforming most previously reported self-powered ferroelectric photodetectors. Our work highlights that the introduction of the SnO<sub>2</sub> electron transport layer can provide a collective effect, offering a reliable strategy for developing simple and efficient self-powered UV photodetectors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Luminescence","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 121181"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143619238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Overview of the structural effects on the performance of AlGaN solar-blind UV detectors","authors":"Mudassar Maraj , Li Yaoze , Wenhong Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121178","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, ultraviolet detectors are gradually used in industry, commerce, military, firefighting etc. so they are appealing to the scientific community for further explorations in this emerging field of optoelectronics. AlGaN, with its adjustable band gap, extraordinary carrier mobility, good thermal conductivity, and superior chemical and physical stability has been widely used by researchers in the past two decades. Despite significant advancements in AlGaN-based UV detectors, several challenges and unsolved issues hinder their widespread commercialization and performance optimization. The fabrication complexity and high production costs of AlGaN-based detectors remain major challenges, primarily due to the need for specialized substrates like bulk AlN. These materials significantly increase manufacturing expenses, limiting large-scale production. Additionally, AlGaN-based UV detectors face challenges in doping control, response time, noise characteristics, and integration with existing semiconductor technologies. In this review, a comprehensive introduction of the research direction is followed by the different parameters to study the photodetector performance and after this different structures such as MIS, PIN, avalanche and schottky are reviewed for the photodetector performance. Moreover a review of self-powered solar-blind UV detectors are also presented followed by the challenges and unsolved issues in AlGaN-based UV detectors. This review will circumvent the development in field of AlGaN based solar-blind UV detectors in different structures and will also highlight the problems that still need to be solved in recent years.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Luminescence","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 121178"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shengyi Liu , Duan Gao , Xin Chen , Han Yin , Ying Zhu , Li Wang , Wenbin Song , Jingjing Zhang , Shang Gao
{"title":"Concentration and temperature dependent fluorescent quenching and Judd-Ofelt analysis of Sm3+ in Y4GeO8 phosphors","authors":"Shengyi Liu , Duan Gao , Xin Chen , Han Yin , Ying Zhu , Li Wang , Wenbin Song , Jingjing Zhang , Shang Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121172","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlumin.2025.121172","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A range of Y<sub>4</sub>GeO<sub>8</sub>:Sm<sup>3+</sup> phosphors featuring varying Sm<sup>3+</sup> concentrations has been synthesized via high-temperature solid-state reaction method. Through X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, the crystalline structure of these phosphors was examined, confirming the purity of the Y<sub>4</sub>GeO<sub>8</sub>:Sm<sup>3+</sup> phase. To study the concentration quenching and luminescence thermal stability of the Y<sub>4</sub>GeO<sub>8</sub>:Sm<sup>3+</sup> phosphors, fluorescence spectroscopy was employed. Applying Van Uitert's model, it was demonstrated that the quadrupole–quadrupole interaction facilitates energy transfer among Sm<sup>3+</sup> ions. Further insights into temperature-dependent fluorescence were gained, revealing that the Arrhenius-based crossover process accurately portrays the thermal quenching behavior of the <sup>4</sup>G<sub>5/2</sub> level for Sm<sup>3+</sup> in Y<sub>4</sub>GeO<sub>8</sub> powders. Lastly, leveraging the diffuse-diffraction spectrum and fluorescence decay curve, the optical transition characteristics of Sm<sup>3+</sup> in the examined Y<sub>4</sub>GeO<sub>8</sub> phosphors were analyzed in accordance with Judd-Ofelt theory.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16159,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Luminescence","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 121172"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143592792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}