Shi-Jie Wang, Jiao Wu, Xi-Zhe Yang, Min Zhao, Cheng-Ye Wang
{"title":"Mitogenome characteristics of two Tetragonula stingless bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) from Hainan, China.","authors":"Shi-Jie Wang, Jiao Wu, Xi-Zhe Yang, Min Zhao, Cheng-Ye Wang","doi":"10.1093/jisesa/ieag045","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jisesa/ieag045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The complete mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) of two ecologically important stingless bees, Tetragonula gressitti (Sakagami) and T. laeviceps (Smith), were sequenced and analyzed. Both species display the typical insect mitogenome structures but exhibit species-specific structural rearrangements and sequence variation. Their mitogenomes are AT-rich (81.5% and 75.2%, respectively), significantly influencing codon usage patterns. We identified novel features in tRNA and rRNA secondary structures, and observed gene rearrangements that exceed the typical conservatism in Hymenoptera, likely reflecting adaptation to distinct ecological pressures. Phylogenomic analyses robustly place both species within a monophyletic Meliponini clade, distinct from other Apoidea (Apis and Bombus), supporting their current taxonomic placement. These mitogenomes provide valuable resources for Meliponini phylogenetics and may inform conservation and utilization strategies for these species.</p>","PeriodicalId":16156,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insect Science","volume":"26 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13236724/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148163534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Description of Gattollius gen. nov. (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae), documenting a new morphological type of accessory gill.","authors":"Chanaporn Suttinun, Boonsatien Boonsoong","doi":"10.1093/jisesa/ieag048","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jisesa/ieag048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A new genus, Gattollius Suttinun & Boonsoong gen. nov. (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae), is described from northern Thailand, together with a new species, Gattollius thailandicus Suttinun & Boonsoong sp. nov., based on all life stages. The nymph is unique within Baetidae in possessing accessory gills in 3 positions: a single gill on each side of the mentum, a single gill on each side between the coxa and prosternum, and a single gill at the inner proximal margin of the femur on all legs bearing a femoral patch. The adult is also distinctive in retaining accessory gills, including coxal gills in both subimago and imago, and femoral gills on each leg of the subimago. Persistence of accessory gills into the adult stage represents the first such record in Baetidae. This study further documents new type of femoral accessory gills in mayflies. These structures are not only inferred to function in respiration but also bearing femoral patch, and we propose the term \"femoral villopore gills\" for this specialized organ. The phylogenetic position of the genus is established, supporting its placement within the tribe Acentrellini, based on diagnostic characters observed across all life stages and may be closely related to the monotypic Asiobaetodes Gattolliat, 2012 from Borneo and the species Acentrella fimbriata Tungpairojwong, Phlai-ngam & Jacobus 2022 from Thailand.</p>","PeriodicalId":16156,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insect Science","volume":"26 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13280945/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148277903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cleveland B Ivey, Philip G Hahn, Gary Vallad, Felipe Soto-Adames, Robert Hochmuth, Julien Beuzelin, Andy Jean-Louis, Hugh A Smith
{"title":"Megalurothrips usitatus and other Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) Associated with Lablab purpureus (Fabales: Fabaceae) in South Florida.","authors":"Cleveland B Ivey, Philip G Hahn, Gary Vallad, Felipe Soto-Adames, Robert Hochmuth, Julien Beuzelin, Andy Jean-Louis, Hugh A Smith","doi":"10.1093/jisesa/ieag040","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jisesa/ieag040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Megalurothrips usitatus (Bagnall) is a serious pest of legumes and originates from the Asian tropics. It was documented in south Florida in 2020 where it has significantly impacted production of snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). Field surveys in the Homestead Agricultural Area (HAA) in 2020 revealed the presence of M. usitatus on lablab bean (Lablab purpureus), a specialty legume. Flowers were collected Apr-Jun 2022 from lablab fields in the HAA to assess the importance of lablab as a host for M. usitatus. Crops were sampled from one grower who applied insecticides weekly and another grower who applied insecticides every 2 to 3 wk. All collected adult thrips were mounted, identified to species, and sexed, and all larvae were counted. The percentage of each species identified in the adult stage was: Frankliniella insularis (Franklin), 48.6%; M. usitatus, 28.0%; Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), 21.1%; Thrips palmi Karny, 1.2%; Frankliniella bispinosa Morgan, 1.1%; and Frankliniella schultzei (Trybom), 0.1%. Females predominated for each species. The abundance of thrips was not different between the two growers; however, combined invasive thrips species (M. usitatus, F. occidentalis, T. palmi) were 1.5 times more abundant than non-pest thrips (F. insularis, F. bispinosa) on the farms that were treated weekly with insecticides. In addition, non-pest thrips were three times more abundant than invasive thrips on the farms that were treated every 2 to 3 wk. with insecticides. The importance of lablab bean as an alternate host for M. usitatus is discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":16156,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insect Science","volume":"26 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13181256/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147963886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Artúr Botond Csorba, Ciprian G Fora, Adalbert Balog
{"title":"Diversity analyses of corn leaf aphid Rhopalosiphum maidis (Hemiptera: Aphididae) endosymbiotic microbiome and soil microbiome-preliminary results.","authors":"Artúr Botond Csorba, Ciprian G Fora, Adalbert Balog","doi":"10.1093/jisesa/ieag047","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jisesa/ieag047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The corn leaf aphid, Rhopalosiphum maidis Fitch (Hemiptera: Aphididae), microbial symbiont and 9 soil-type microbial diversities were genetically analyzed along a gradient of maize management systems that includes 3 different crop control strategies from 3 climatic regions. The central point of interest was to assess whether any similarity could be detected between the corn leaf aphid's rapid distribution increase throughout mainland Europe and variation in its endosymbiont microbiome diversity. According to the results, it was detected that the bacterial community differs between regions. The obligate symbiont Buchnera aphidicola dominated across all climate regions, while facultative symbionts such as Serratia symbiotica and Wolbachia varied in relative abundance under different temperature conditions. Fewer effects of soil types were detected. Our study comprises analyses about a pest aphid and its associated symbiont community in relation to ambient temperature conditions, and as such, we believe it may well help in the development of new control strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":16156,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insect Science","volume":"26 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13228132/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148150152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elena Romero, Josep Sesé, Marco Benito, Rolando González, Antonia Soto
{"title":"Unraveling key biological aspects of Delottococcus aberiae (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) to enhance pest management.","authors":"Elena Romero, Josep Sesé, Marco Benito, Rolando González, Antonia Soto","doi":"10.1093/jisesa/ieag039","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jisesa/ieag039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Effective pest management relies on understanding how environmental factors, particularly temperature, influence insect development and population dynamics. The invasive mealybug Delottococcus aberiae (De Lotto) has caused significant damage to citrus crops since its detection in 2009 in eastern Spain; despite this, knowledge of its biology remains limited. To address this gap, we examined key biological traits of D. aberiae across a range of temperatures from 15 to 30 °C. The developmental thresholds of D. aberiae were estimated at 9.4 and 30 °C, with the species performing best under moderate conditions but declining at higher temperatures. D. aberiae required a thermal constant of 730 degree-days to complete 1 generation, corresponding to 4 to 5 generations per year under the climatic conditions of eastern Spain, where the species is established. D. aberiae reproduces exclusively sexually, with peak fertility occurring at 22.5 °C, when females laid an average of 500 eggs and exhibited the largest body sizes. Overall, D. aberiae thrives within the temperature range typical of the Mediterranean basin. Although it shows low tolerance to high temperatures, the developmental thresholds and thermal constant determined in this study indicate that D. aberiae can withstand both winter and summer conditions, allowing populations to persist throughout the year. These findings can be used to predict population peaks, prevent spread to other citrus-producing regions with similar climates, and identify critical developmental stages for intervention, thereby supporting more targeted and effective control strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":16156,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insect Science","volume":"26 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13180656/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147963947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kevin R Cloonan, Pablo Urbaneja-Bernat, Caitlin C Rering, Alexia M Lanier, Beth Ferguson, Yahel Ben-Zvi, Cesar Rodriguez-Saona
{"title":"Role of leaf volatiles in spotted-wing drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae) attraction to blueberry fruits.","authors":"Kevin R Cloonan, Pablo Urbaneja-Bernat, Caitlin C Rering, Alexia M Lanier, Beth Ferguson, Yahel Ben-Zvi, Cesar Rodriguez-Saona","doi":"10.1093/jisesa/ieag053","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jisesa/ieag053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Herbivorous insects use volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to find food, mates, and oviposition sites. Understanding these cues is key for behavior-based pest management. Spotted-wing drosophila (Drosophila suzukii Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is an invasive pest that attacks ripening fruit. Although fruit VOCs attract this species, the role of nonfruit plant volatiles, such as those emitted by leaves, remains unclear. Here, laboratory and semifield behavioral assays were used to test whether leaf volatiles enhance adult D. suzukii attraction and oviposition on blueberry fruit, followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry characterization of fruit and leaf VOCs and behavioral and electroantennographic (EAG) assays to assess responses to individual compounds. In laboratory trials, both sexes were significantly more attracted to fruit when leaves were present compared to fruit alone. Likewise, oviposition rates increased in the presence of leaves during cage choice experiments. Leaves were more fragrant than fruit on a per gram basis, emitting both a greater quantity and number of compounds. Among the VOCs emitted in greater amounts from the \"fruit + leaf\" treatment than from \"fruit\" alone, 9 compounds were examined, and 2-linalool and 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone-attracted females individually and in a blend and elicited strong EAG responses. These findings demonstrate that attraction is influenced by a combination of plant-derived cues; however, further field studies are needed to confirm these results under natural conditions. This knowledge advances our understanding of D. suzukii chemical ecology and may support the development of improved monitoring tools and behavior-based control strategies for this pest.</p>","PeriodicalId":16156,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insect Science","volume":"26 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13271246/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148264801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modifications to torula yeast borax-baited traps and their impact on the attraction of tephritid fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae).","authors":"Todd E Shelly","doi":"10.1093/jisesa/ieag043","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jisesa/ieag043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Traps containing food-based attractants are an important component of regional networks operated to detect invasive tephritid fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae), which pose a serious threat to fruit and vegetable production worldwide. However, food baits are weak attractants, and there is a critical need to increase their effectiveness. A recent study demonstrated that the addition of ammonium acetate crystals to an aqueous torula yeast borax (TYB, a commonly used food bait) solution significantly increased captures of Mediterranean fruit flies, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), and oriental fruit flies, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), but not melon flies, Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett). The present study investigated 2 alternative methods for providing ammonium acetate in TYB-baited traps. First, a cylinder containing ammonium acetate was affixed to the inner, upper surface of traps above the standard TYB solution, and this resulted in significantly higher captures of C. capitata, but not B. dorsalis or Z. cucurbitae, than observed for traps baited with standard TYB. Second, ammonium acetate was incorporated directly into field-ready TYB pellets. However, these had no effect on C. capitata and even appeared to repel Z. cucurbitae. Two additional modifications were investigated: (i) extra amounts of certain amino acids or (ii) ground brine shrimp were added to TYB. The increased levels of amino acids significantly enhanced captures of C. capitata but not B. dorsalis or Z. cucurbitae. Addition of shrimp powder did not positively influence trap catch for any species. Implications of these results for detection trapping are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":16156,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insect Science","volume":"26 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13197118/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148005415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Male response to sex pheromone emission in Mediterranean populations of the long-tailed mealybug (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae).","authors":"Adrián Castro, Sandra Vacas, Aitor Gavara, Víctor García-García, Ismael Navarro, Vicente Navarro-Llopis","doi":"10.1093/jisesa/ieag044","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jisesa/ieag044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A new pherotype for Mediterranean populations of the long-tailed mealybug Pseudococcus longispinus (Targioni Tozzetti) has been recently identified as producing the new compound 2-(1,5-dimethyl-4-methylenecyclopent-2-en-1-yl)ethyl acetate. To study the effects of sex pheromone emission on males, the attractant efficacy of different emission rates of this compound has been studied under field conditions. For this purpose, experimental pheromone dispensers were designed, and their release profiles were studied by gas chromatography to obtain their mean release rates. Male trap captures were correlated with the corresponding pheromone release rates to explore the existence of an optimal emission value or range that maximizes the captures. The resulting correlation fitted a quadratic model, with a relative maximum of captures corresponding to a theoretical optimal emission rate of 66 μg/d. Nevertheless, no significant differences were found in male captures among emission rates between 2 and 147 μg/d, which indicates a wide range for effective trapping. The highest pheromone emission studied (502 μg/d) obtained the lowest captures, suggesting a possible repellent or male impairment effects to locate the source of the sex pheromone at high doses. The application of the results obtained for control techniques such as monitoring, mass trapping, or mating disruption is discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":16156,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insect Science","volume":"26 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13192356/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147987736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ryan Fernando Silva E Silva, Carlos Gustavo da Cruz, Lariça Ferreira Silva, Maria Elisa de Sena Fernandes, Flávio Lemes Fernandes
{"title":"Isocycloseram susceptibility baseline, and control failure likelihood in Leucoptera coffeella (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae).","authors":"Ryan Fernando Silva E Silva, Carlos Gustavo da Cruz, Lariça Ferreira Silva, Maria Elisa de Sena Fernandes, Flávio Lemes Fernandes","doi":"10.1093/jisesa/ieag032","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jisesa/ieag032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The coffee leaf miner is a key pest of coffee in Brazil, controlled mostly by chemical insecticides. The recent introduction of isocycloseram (group 30) requires baseline susceptibility data to support resistance management programs. This study established the baseline susceptibility and monitored the resistance of coffee leaf miner populations to isocycloseram in the main coffee-producing regions of Brazil. Fourteen field populations were collected between June and October 2024 for the baseline assays, while 22 populations were monitored until 2024 and 2025. The bioassays revealed significant geographic variation in susceptibility, with lethal concentration LC50 values ranging 7.5-fold (0.95 to 7.11 mg a.i. L-1). Despite this, all populations remained susceptible, with resistance ratio (RR50) ≤ 1.0, indicating absence of preexisting resistance. The diagnostic concentration bioassays showed consistently high mortality (>90%), confirming continuous susceptibility. Efficacy trials with the label dose (150 mg a.i. L-1) resulted in mortality between 93% and 100%, with negligible probability of control failure. The diagnostic concentrations (LC99 = 39.76 mg a.i. L-1) may be used in future monitoring. The monitoring and the adoption of integrated resistance management strategies are fundamental to preserve the long-term efficacy of this insecticide.</p>","PeriodicalId":16156,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insect Science","volume":"26 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13166885/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147930375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Danielle Claudia Allam, Manuela Carnaghi, G Mandela Fernández-Grandon, Marina P Arbetman, Mark J F Brown
{"title":"No evidence for male attraction to cephalic labial gland pheromones in Bombus terrestris (Hymenoptera: Apidae).","authors":"Danielle Claudia Allam, Manuela Carnaghi, G Mandela Fernández-Grandon, Marina P Arbetman, Mark J F Brown","doi":"10.1093/jisesa/ieag041","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jisesa/ieag041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ecological impact of Bombus terrestris (Linnaeus, 1758) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) following its introduction to regions outside its native range has raised significant concerns, particularly regarding the decline of native pollinators. Male B. terrestris secrete pheromones that are used in reproductive communication, and which have the potential to be used as trap attractants to control invasive populations. However, while gynes (virgin reproductive females) are known to be attracted to these pheromones, nothing is known about behavioral responses of male B. terrestris to them. Here, we investigated whether male B. terrestris exhibit attraction to pheromone extracts from conspecific males under controlled laboratory conditions. A Y-tube olfactometer was used to present B. terrestris males with a choice between a pheromone extract and a control treatment. Males were shown to respond to a positive control of lavender oil; however, they exhibited no attraction to the pheromone extracts. Several factors, such as pheromone concentration, age of individuals, or apparatus design, may have influenced these results. These findings contribute to our knowledge of bumblebee chemical communication and may inform future experimental design to assess pheromone attraction in bumblebees.</p>","PeriodicalId":16156,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insect Science","volume":"26 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13192346/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147987712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}