Journal of Lightwave Technology最新文献_第8页

Amplifier Technologies for Unrepeatered Systems 非中继系统放大器技术

IF 5.2 1区工程技术

Journal of Lightwave Technology Pub Date : 2026-08-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1109/JLT.2026.3663970

Hans Bissessur;Alexis Busson;Farana Hedaraly;Daryna Kravchenko;Sophie Etienne

引用次数: 0

Implement Digital Longitudinal Monitoring for Intelligent Optical Networks 实现智能光网络的数字化纵向监测

IF 5.2 1区工程技术

Journal of Lightwave Technology Pub Date : 2026-08-15 Epub Date: 2026-03-18 DOI: 10.1109/JLT.2026.3694002

Xian Zhou;Runzhe Fan;Rundong Xie;Zhudong Shi;Guanlin Liu;Xulong Yan;Yuyang Gao;Fei Liu;Fan Zhang;Keping Long

{"title":"Implement Digital Longitudinal Monitoring for Intelligent Optical Networks","authors":"Xian Zhou;Runzhe Fan;Rundong Xie;Zhudong Shi;Guanlin Liu;Xulong Yan;Yuyang Gao;Fei Liu;Fan Zhang;Keping Long","doi":"10.1109/JLT.2026.3694002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2026.3694002","url":null,"abstract":"Optical fiber link monitoring has become a cornerstone for achieving high reliability and autonomous operation in next-generation intelligent optical networks. With the continuous growth of network capacity, node density, and transmission data rates, physical-layer impairments require real-time, in-service, and distributed monitoring capabilities that surpass the limitations of traditional reactive maintenance strategies. This paper provides a comprehensive and systematic overview of digital longitudinal monitoring techniques derived from the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE), including digital backpropagation, correlation-method, and mean-squared error based approaches. We discuss their mathematical foundations and clarify how they can monitor the profiles of physical parameters using only the received signals. Application cases in core, metro, access, and submarine networks are analyzed, demonstrating their feasibility and potential in power profile estimation (PPE), transient event capture, loss localization, amplifier gain analysis, fiber-type identification, and multi-parameter monitoring such as polarization dependent loss and differential group delay. Beyond profiling current achievements, we analyze practical challenges in real network deployment, including model-accuracy mismatches, computational complexity, sensitivity to parameter drift, and so on. Finally, we outline future research directions toward complexity reduction, parameter self-adaptation, enhanced robustness, and seamless integration with software-defined and data-driven control planes. These perspectives are expected to support the evolution of NLSE-based link monitoring from laboratory demonstrations to scalable deployment in large-scale operational optical systems.","PeriodicalId":16144,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","volume":"44 16","pages":"6858-6873"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148719065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High-Fidelity Forward-Transmission Vibration Sensing Using Dual-Sensor Beamforming 基于双传感器波束成形的高保真前向传输振动传感

IF 5.2 1区工程技术

Journal of Lightwave Technology Pub Date : 2026-08-15 Epub Date: 2026-06-10 DOI: 10.1109/JLT.2026.3701949

Jian Fang;Yaowen Li;Wataru Kohno;Ting Wang

{"title":"High-Fidelity Forward-Transmission Vibration Sensing Using Dual-Sensor Beamforming","authors":"Jian Fang;Yaowen Li;Wataru Kohno;Ting Wang","doi":"10.1109/JLT.2026.3701949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2026.3701949","url":null,"abstract":"While distributed acoustic sensing based on Rayleigh backscattering has been widely studied and deployed across various use cases, its adaptation in existing telecom infrastructure is fundamentally limited by inline optical amplifiers which block the backscattering light. Recently, vibration sensing based on forward transmission has emerged as a promising alternative, offering wider frequency response, higher signal-to-noise ratio, longer sensing distance, and compatibility with inline amplifiers. However, forward-transmission approach faces the challenge in signal identification and reconstruction when multiple vibration events and interference occur along the fiber simultaneously. To address this issue, we propose an equivalent dual-sensor phased array model to the bidirectional forward-transmission fiber sensing, which reformulates the problems in fiber sensing into the tasks in array processing. We introduce two beamforming techniques, including generalized sidelobe canceller (GSC) and null steering beamformer (NSBF) to reconstruct the signal of interest while suppressing noise and interference. We demonstrate the effectiveness of dual-sensor beamforming over 100km fiber experiment without amplifiers, achieving over 20 dB suppression of stationary interference using GSC and 18 dB jamming rejection using NSBF. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of high-fidelity signal recovery in forward-transmission sensing under strong noise and interference. This work bridges the gap between fiber sensing and adaptive array processing, opening new directions for blind source separation and integrated communication-sensing systems.","PeriodicalId":16144,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","volume":"44 16","pages":"7265-7273"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148718935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Accurate and Compact Single-Shot Spatiotemporal Dynamics Characterization in Few-Mode Fiber Spatiotemporal Mode-Locked Lasers 低模光纤时空锁模激光器中精确紧凑的单次时空动力学特性

IF 5.2 1区工程技术

Journal of Lightwave Technology Pub Date : 2026-08-15 Epub Date: 2026-06-22 DOI: 10.1109/JLT.2026.3705890

Haowen Xia;Jiangyong He;Huiyi Guo;Congcong Liu;Shihai Wang;Zhezhe Li;Zixian Li;Mingtong Xiao;Jin Li;Yu Ning;Lingyu Shen;Pan Wang;Yan-Ge Liu;Zhi Wang

{"title":"Accurate and Compact Single-Shot Spatiotemporal Dynamics Characterization in Few-Mode Fiber Spatiotemporal Mode-Locked Lasers","authors":"Haowen Xia;Jiangyong He;Huiyi Guo;Congcong Liu;Shihai Wang;Zhezhe Li;Zixian Li;Mingtong Xiao;Jin Li;Yu Ning;Lingyu Shen;Pan Wang;Yan-Ge Liu;Zhi Wang","doi":"10.1109/JLT.2026.3705890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2026.3705890","url":null,"abstract":"The spatiotemporal mode-locked (STML) fiber lasers, as an important scheme to increase the pulse energy, has greatly enriched the study of spatiotemporal dissipation dynamics. The additional spatial dimension of STML fiber lasers presents a new requirement for detection methods to characterize their real-time dynamics, which is crucial for understanding and controlling the spatiotemporal dynamics. Here, we propose a novel spatiotemporal dynamic characterization system that combines all-fiber spatial division multiplexing technology and time division multiplexing technology. Compared with existing technologies, our approach can accurately characterize the spatiotemporal dynamics over long time scales. Through this detection system, we observed the spatiotemporal characteristics of dispersive waves and bound state dynamics, compared the differences between the phase of the Kelly sidebands and the soliton molecules in different modes, and verified the spatiotemporal dynamics through numerical simulations. Our results are expected to provide new ideas for real-time characterization of spatiotemporal dynamics and promote the study of nonlinear dynamics in STML fiber lasers.","PeriodicalId":16144,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","volume":"44 16","pages":"7258-7264"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148718950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Full-Wafer-Bonded Ge/Si SACM Avalanche Photodiode Unlocking Ultrahigh Gain of 7513 and Gain-Bandwidth Product of 2904 GHz 全晶圆键合Ge/Si SACM雪崩光电二极管解锁7513超高增益和2904 GHz增益带宽积

IF 5.2 1区工程技术

Journal of Lightwave Technology Pub Date : 2026-08-15 Epub Date: 2026-06-19 DOI: 10.1109/JLT.2026.3705732

Shaoqiu Ke;Zhanren Wang;Xiaolong Jiang;Menghui Guo;Zikai Lin;Shaoying Ke

引用次数: 0

High-Speed, Reliable, Self-Adaptive Calibration for Dual MZI-Based Silicon Photonics Switch Applications 高速，可靠，自适应校准双mzi硅光子开关应用

IF 5.2 1区工程技术

Journal of Lightwave Technology Pub Date : 2026-08-15 Epub Date: 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1109/JLT.2025.3596081

Satoshi Suda;Hiroyuki Matsuura;Keijiro Suzuki;Kazuhiro Ikeda;Shu Namiki;Tadashi Murao;Akihiro Noriki;Fumi Nakamura;Takeru Amano

{"title":"High-Speed, Reliable, Self-Adaptive Calibration for Dual MZI-Based Silicon Photonics Switch Applications","authors":"Satoshi Suda;Hiroyuki Matsuura;Keijiro Suzuki;Kazuhiro Ikeda;Shu Namiki;Tadashi Murao;Akihiro Noriki;Fumi Nakamura;Takeru Amano","doi":"10.1109/JLT.2025.3596081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2025.3596081","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a high-speed, reliable, self-adaptive calibration method for dual Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (MZI)-based 8×8 silicon photonic switches. Employing a fully automatic phase-error calibration technique, this method dynamically compensates for phase errors, thereby significantly enhancing the precision and efficiency of the calibration process across process-induced variations. By refining the calibration algorithms and detailing the procedural steps, the method predicts and optimizes phase errors across successive MZIs with remarkable accuracy. The introduction of chip-specific linear regression analysis facilitates this process, achieving calibration precision close to theoretical limits. A prototype was developed to test the approach across different chips, demonstrating its effectiveness. Experimental results demonstrated a sampling efficiency of 3.6 measurement points per switch state, approaching the theoretical limit of 3, with a potential calibration speed of under 20 seconds for the entire polarization-independent 8×8 switch consisting of 256 MZIs. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of such a precision-enhancing calibration method, suggesting its practical applicability not only in improving the cost-effectiveness and energy efficiency of silicon photonic technologies but also in enabling applications in high-density optical data transmission and processing systems.","PeriodicalId":16144,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","volume":"44 16","pages":"7172-7181"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11113414","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148719028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Five-Fold Partitioned 30 × 30 MIMO Equalization Using Mode-Group Specific Interface Quantization in 15-Mode Fiber SDM Transmission 15模光纤SDM传输中使用模式组特定接口量化的5倍分割30 × 30 MIMO均衡

IF 5.2 1区工程技术

Journal of Lightwave Technology Pub Date : 2026-08-15 Epub Date: 2026-04-13 DOI: 10.1109/JLT.2026.3683192

Nicolas Braig-Christophersen;Carsten Schmidt-Langhorst;Robert Elschner;Giammarco Di Sciullo;Menno van den Hout;Ruben S. Luis;Pierre Sillard;Cristian Antonelli;Chigo M. Okonkwo;Hideaki Furukawa;Georg Rademacher;Colja Schubert;Ronald Freund

{"title":"Five-Fold Partitioned 30 × 30 MIMO Equalization Using Mode-Group Specific Interface Quantization in 15-Mode Fiber SDM Transmission","authors":"Nicolas Braig-Christophersen;Carsten Schmidt-Langhorst;Robert Elschner;Giammarco Di Sciullo;Menno van den Hout;Ruben S. Luis;Pierre Sillard;Cristian Antonelli;Chigo M. Okonkwo;Hideaki Furukawa;Georg Rademacher;Colja Schubert;Ronald Freund","doi":"10.1109/JLT.2026.3683192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2026.3683192","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing capacity demand of optical communication systems has driven research on space-division multiplexing (SDM) using few-mode fibers (FMFs). While FMFs provide high spatial efficiency, their practical deployment is limited by the rapidly growing complexity of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) digital signal processing (DSP). Partitioned-MIMO architectures reduce DSP complexity by exploiting the existence of mode groups (MGs) in FMFs, where intra-group coupling is strong and inter-group coupling is weak. In this work, we experimentally investigate a partitioned-MIMO architecture with mode-group specific interface quantization for a 15-mode FMF transmission system, which would otherwise require a full 30 × 30 MIMO equalizer. The equalizer is decomposed into five MG-specific sub-equalizers with low-resolution, MG-dependent inter-partition signal exchange to compensate residual inter-group coupling. Using 24.5-GBd dual-polarization QPSK transmission over a 58.9-km graded-index FMF, we evaluate the impact of interface quantization on the achievable signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The results show that weak inter-group coupling can be omitted entirely, while stronger neighboring MG interactions require only three to four bits to limit SNR penalties to below 1.7 dB relative to a uniform five-bit reference. This approach significantly reduces inter-partition interface throughput while preserving equalization performance, demonstrating the scalability of partitioned-MIMO architectures for high-capacity SDM systems.","PeriodicalId":16144,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","volume":"44 16","pages":"6942-6948"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148719046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High-Resolution Real-Time FBG Interrogation System Using a Gain-Switched Dual Optical Frequency Comb 采用增益切换双光频梳的高分辨率实时光纤光栅询问系统

IF 5.2 1区工程技术

Journal of Lightwave Technology Pub Date : 2026-08-15 Epub Date: 2026-06-19 DOI: 10.1109/JLT.2026.3705621

Minghao Wei;Conor McArdle;Alejandro Rosado;Malhar A. Nagar;Davide Janner;Prince M. Anandarajah

引用次数: 0

Sub-pJ/b 28 nm CMOS Inverter-Based Direct-Drive Optical Tx Using 1060 nm SM VCSEL Enabling 60 Gbaud NRZ Transmission Over 5 Km SMF Sub-pJ/b基于28nm CMOS逆变器的直接驱动光传输，使用1060nm SM VCSEL实现60gaud NRZ传输，超过5 Km SMF

IF 5.2 1区工程技术

Journal of Lightwave Technology Pub Date : 2026-08-15 Epub Date: 2026-04-16 DOI: 10.1109/JLT.2026.3684871

Arijit Karmakar;Torben Onselaere;Achim Vandierendonck;Xin Wang;Nishant Singh;Joris Van Kerrebrouck;Guy Torfs;Johan Bauwelinck

{"title":"Sub-pJ/b 28 nm CMOS Inverter-Based Direct-Drive Optical Tx Using 1060 nm SM VCSEL Enabling 60 Gbaud NRZ Transmission Over 5 Km SMF","authors":"Arijit Karmakar;Torben Onselaere;Achim Vandierendonck;Xin Wang;Nishant Singh;Joris Van Kerrebrouck;Guy Torfs;Johan Bauwelinck","doi":"10.1109/JLT.2026.3684871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2026.3684871","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a direct-drive optical transmitter (Tx) using common-cathode (CC) type single-mode (SM) 1060 nm vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) suitable for medium-reach transmission (<inline-formula><tex-math>$< $</tex-math></inline-formula>5 km) for linear pluggable optics (LPO)-based inter-cluster datacenter interconnect. The VCSEL driver featuring 4 channels is implemented in 28 nm bulk complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology and co-designed with a GaAs-based 1060 nm VCSEL array. A VerilogA-based VCSEL device model with self-heating-induced voltage and optical power adjustments is introduced to facilitate co-design and (co-)optimization electro-optical interface. Two CMOS inverter-based equalizers, based on an active inductor and a T-coil, are used to enhance the driver bandwidth. A group-delay compensator is added to compensate the VCSEL group-delay variation and improve in-band gain flatness. The VCSEL features an optimal −3 dB BW of 31 GHz with 6 mA current bias. The optical Tx successfully demonstrated 60 Gbaud non-return-to-zero (NRZ) transmission with a SM 1060 nm VCSEL over 5 km single-mode fiber (SMF) using a 10-tap feed-forward-equalizer (FFE) with a record-high FEC-corrected bitrate-distance product of 283.47 Gb/s.km. For the electro-optical transmission experiment, the optical Tx achieves a Tx energy-efficiency of 0.94 pJ/b with a 6 mA current biased VCSEL having −2.7 V supply at the CC terminal.","PeriodicalId":16144,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","volume":"44 16","pages":"6920-6932"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148719026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Coexisting QKD and Real-Time Encrypted High-Speed Fiber-Optic Communication in Field-Deployed Multi-Core Fibers 现场部署多芯光纤中共存的QKD和实时加密高速光纤通信

IF 5.2 1区工程技术

Journal of Lightwave Technology Pub Date : 2026-08-15 Epub Date: 2026-06-16 DOI: 10.1109/JLT.2026.3704505

Ibrahim Mohamed Ramadan;Giammarco Di Sciullo;Qi Wu;Domenico Ribezzo;Divya Ann Shaji;Lucas Alves Zischler;Ruben S. Luís;Paolo Serena;Chiara Lasagni;Alberto Bononi;Tetsuya Hayashi;Alessandro Gagliano;Paolo Martelli;Alberto Gatto;Paola Parolari;Pierpaolo Boffi;Andrea Marotta;Carlo Centofanti;Fabio Graziosi;Antonio Mecozzi;Cristian Antonelli

{"title":"Coexisting QKD and Real-Time Encrypted High-Speed Fiber-Optic Communication in Field-Deployed Multi-Core Fibers","authors":"Ibrahim Mohamed Ramadan;Giammarco Di Sciullo;Qi Wu;Domenico Ribezzo;Divya Ann Shaji;Lucas Alves Zischler;Ruben S. Luís;Paolo Serena;Chiara Lasagni;Alberto Bononi;Tetsuya Hayashi;Alessandro Gagliano;Paolo Martelli;Alberto Gatto;Paola Parolari;Pierpaolo Boffi;Andrea Marotta;Carlo Centofanti;Fabio Graziosi;Antonio Mecozzi;Cristian Antonelli","doi":"10.1109/JLT.2026.3704505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2026.3704505","url":null,"abstract":"Quantum key distribution (QKD) coexisting with ultra-high-capacity classical optical signals over the same fiber is widely regarded as a cornerstone of future quantum-safe networks. This approach eliminates the need for dedicated fibers for QKD, significantly reducing infrastructure costs and facilitating large-scale deployment. As a promising foundation for next-generation high-capacity optical networks, multi-core fiber (MCF) opens new possibilities for such coexistence, offering an elegant and spectrum-efficient solution for the integration of quantum and classical channels. Here, we report the first field trial of QKD securely coexisting with bidirectional 106.7 Tb/s full-C-band dense wavelength-division-multiplexed coherent classical transmission over 25.2 km of installed standard-cladding diameter (125 <inline-formula><tex-math>$mu$</tex-math></inline-formula>m) uncoupled-core four-core fiber in L’Aquila, Italy. Despite a classical launch power of 20 dBm per core, a secure key rate of 1.7 kb/s was achieved, using a commercial QKD system. We used the secure keys to achieve real-time encryption of up to 132 Gb/s live traffic within a 400 Gb/s channel, with key refresh intervals as short as 15 seconds. We used hardware encryption, introducing only 52 <inline-formula><tex-math>$mu$</tex-math></inline-formula>s end-to-end latency and jitter below 4 <inline-formula><tex-math>$mu$</tex-math></inline-formula>s compared to the unencrypted case. These results represent a major milestone toward practical, secure, and scalable integration of quantum and classical communication over deployed metropolitan multi-core fiber infrastructure.","PeriodicalId":16144,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","volume":"44 16","pages":"6894-6903"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148719047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0