Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets最新文献

{"title":"Shock-Induced Devolatilization of Phlogopite, an Archetypical Phyllosilicate","authors":"X. Zhu,&nbsp;Y. Ye,&nbsp;R. Caracas","doi":"10.1029/2024JE008839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JE008839","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The formation and evolution of rocky planets such as the Earth are marked by the heavy bombardments that dominated the first parts of the accretions. The outcomes of the large and giant impacts depend on the critical points and liquid-vapor equilibria of the constituent materials. Several determinations of the positions of the critical points have been conducted in the last few years, but they have mainly focused on systems devoid of volatiles. Here, we study, for the first time, a volatile-rich ubiquitous model mineral, phlogopite. For this, we employ ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. Its critical point is constrained in the 0.40–0.68 g/cm³ density range and 5,000–5,500 K temperature range. This shows that adding volatiles decreases the critical temperature of silicates while having a smaller effect on the critical density. The vapor phase that forms under cooling from the supercritical state is dominated by hydrogen, present in the form of H₂O, H, OH, with oxygen and various F-bearing phases coming next. Our simulations show that up to 93% of the total hydrogen is retained in the silicate melt. Our results suggest that early magma oceans must have been hydrated. In particular for the Moon's history, even if catastrophic dehydrogenation occurred during the cooling of the lunar magma ocean, the amount of water incorporated during its formation could have been sufficient to explain the amounts of water found today in the last lunar samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":16101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets","volume":"130 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143853072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermophysical States of MgSiO3 Liquid up to Terapascal Pressures: Implications for Magma Oceans in Super-Earths and Sub-Neptunes","authors":"Haiyang Luo,&nbsp;Jie Deng","doi":"10.1029/2024JE008678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JE008678","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Thermophysical properties of silicate liquids under extreme conditions are critical for understanding the accretion and evolution of super-Earths and sub-Neptunes. The thermal equation of state and viscosity of silicate liquids determine the adiabatic profiles and dynamics of magma oceans. However, these properties are challenging to constrain at elevated pressures in experiments. Here, we perform ab initio molecular dynamics simulations of MgSiO₃ liquid across a wide range of pressures (0–1,200 GPa) and temperatures (2200–14000 K) and analyze its structure, the Grüneisen parameter, and viscosity. Our results reveal the clear temperature and pressure dependence of the Grüneisen parameter, which varies synchronously with the O-O coordination number. The Grüneisen parameter shifts from positive to negative temperature dependence between ∼20 and 70 GPa, corresponding to a peak in the O-O coordination number and SiO₅ abundance. Initially, the Grüneisen parameter increases with pressure and then decreases, showing limited temperature dependence above ∼300 GPa, where its behavior resembles that of solids. Furthermore, we determine the adiabat and viscosity profiles of magma oceans in super-Earths and sub-Neptunes. The results suggest that the mantles of super-Earths and sub-Neptunes may solidify either from the bottom up or at pressures of ∼120–150 GPa, depending on the curvature of the mantle melting line. The low viscosity of magma oceans likely enhances convective currents and facilitate efficient differentiation. These thermophysical properties, now quantified up to terapascal pressures, enable updates to the mass-radius relation of magma ocean exoplanets, showing notable differences compared to their solid counterparts.</p>","PeriodicalId":16101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets","volume":"130 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JE008678","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143856876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Search for the Near-Surface Particulate Layer Using Venera 13 In Situ Spectroscopic Observations","authors":"Shubham V. Kulkarni,&nbsp;Patrick G. J. Irwin,&nbsp;Colin F. Wilson,&nbsp;Nikolai I. Ignatiev","doi":"10.1029/2024JE008728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JE008728","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Whether or not there is a particulate layer in the lowest 10 km of the Venusian atmosphere is still an open question. Some of the past in situ experiments showed the presence of a detached particulate layer, and a few suggested the existence of finely dispersed aerosols, while other instruments supported the idea of no particulate matter in the deep atmosphere. In this work, we investigate the presence of a near-surface particulate layer (NSPL) using in situ data from the Venera 13 mission. While the original spectrophotometric data from Venera 13 were lost, we have reconstructed a part of this data by digitizing the old graphic material and selected the eight most reliable Venera 13 downward radiance profiles from 0.48 to 0.8 <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>μ</mi>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> ${upmu }$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>m for our retrievals. The retrievals suggest the existence of the particulate layer with a peak in the altitude range of 3.5–5 km. They further indicate a log-normal particle size distribution with a mean radius between 0.6 and 0.85 <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>μ</mi>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> ${upmu }$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>m. The retrievals constrain the real refractive index of the particles to lie around the range of 1.4–1.6, with the imaginary refractive index of a magnitude of <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msup>\u0000 <mn>10</mn>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mo>−</mo>\u0000 <mn>3</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 </msup>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> ${10}^{-3}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>. Based on refractive index retrievals, uplifted basalt particles or volcanic ash could be responsible for near-surface particulates. In comparison, volatile condensates appear less likely to be behind the formation of NSPL.</p>","PeriodicalId":16101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets","volume":"130 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JE008728","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143849119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid Hydrofracture of Icy Moon Shells: Insights From Glaciology","authors":"Robert Law","doi":"10.1029/2024JE008403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JE008403","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Europa's surface exhibits many regions of complex topography termed “chaos terrains.” One set of hypotheses for chaos terrain formation requires upward migration of liquid water from perched water bodies within the icy shell formed by convection and tidal heating. However, consideration of the behavior of terrestrial ice sheets suggests the upwards movement of water from englacial water bodies is uncommon. Instead, rapid downwards hydrofracture from supraglacial lakes—unbounded given a sufficient volume of water—can occur in relatively low tensile stress states given a sufficiently deep initial fracture due to the negative relative buoyancy of water. I suggest that downwards, not upwards, fracture may be more reasonable for perched water bodies but show that full hydrofracture is unlikely if the perched water body is located beneath a mechanically strong icy lid. However, full hydrofracture is possible in the event of lid break up over a perched water body and likely in the event of a meteor impact that generates sufficient meltwater and a tensile shock. This provides a possible mechanism for the transfer of biologically important nutrients to the subsurface ocean and the formation of chaos terrains.</p>","PeriodicalId":16101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets","volume":"130 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143840607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Atmospheric Response to an Unusual Early-Year Martian Dust Storm","authors":"Cong Sun,&nbsp;Chengyun Yang,&nbsp;Tao Li,&nbsp;Dexin Lai,&nbsp;Xin Fang","doi":"10.1029/2024JE008694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JE008694","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A regional dust storm was observed in the northern spring of Martian Year 35, characterized by a relatively cold and clear atmosphere. Satellite observations and general circulation model simulations show that the atmospheric temperature response to this early regional dust storm is significant, both in the dust lifting region and in remote areas. Atmospheric heating in the dust-lifting region was primarily driven by shortwave radiative heating of dust particles. Anomalous cooling in the northern mesosphere and heating responses in the southern troposphere were associated with dust-modulated gravity waves and planetary waves, respectively. Inhomogeneous heating from dust distribution during the storm generated anomalous atmospheric waves, significantly enhancing southward meridional circulation and lifting water vapor in the lower tropical troposphere. This dust storm substantially increased meridional water transport from the Northern Hemisphere to the Southern Hemisphere, with pronounced longitudinal asymmetry underscoring the influence of tropical topographic features on water vapor transport.</p>","PeriodicalId":16101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets","volume":"130 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143830982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mineralogical Diversity in the Upper Fan Campaign at Jezero Crater, Mars","authors":"Wenbo Huang,&nbsp;Haijun Cao,&nbsp;Yanqing Xin,&nbsp;Xiaojia Zeng,&nbsp;Zongcheng Ling,&nbsp;Erbin Shi,&nbsp;Changqing Liu,&nbsp;Mingyu Su","doi":"10.1029/2024JE008750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JE008750","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Noachian-aged Jezero crater, the landing site of the Perseverance rover, recorded a fan-delta system associated with fluvial-lacustrine features, indicating the past presence of a paleolake. However, the collected targets at the Jezero crater floor indicate that igneous units exhibit distinctive mineralogical features, including the co-occurrence of different hydrated salts as evidence of later alteration by fluids. In this work, we analyzed the SHERLOC Raman spectra and micro-images of seven targets in the upper fan unit at Jezero crater during the third science campaign. Mineral detection in these abraded patches consists of carbonate, sulfate, perchlorate or phosphate, and silicate phases (including olivine and pyroxene). The widespread distribution of carbonate minerals in this region indicates a prominent sedimentary deposit potentially related to the Martian paleolakes or transport and deposit processes of rivers or water flows. In four targets, sulfate phases containing anhydrite and hydrous Ca-sulfate were also identified. These phases were possibly formed from sulfate-rich low-temperature fluids. An alternative mechanism for sulfate formation involves the interaction between sedimentary rocks and fluids in either dilute brines under high-temperature conditions or concentrated brines in low-temperature environments. The prolonged processes of fluvial, flooding, and eolian sedimentation have significantly reshaped the lithified sediments of Jezero crater, contributing to mineralogical diversity between the crater floor and delta.</p>","PeriodicalId":16101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets","volume":"130 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143822008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Widespread Diagenesis at Unconformities in Gale Crater as Inferred From the Curiosity Rover and From Orbit","authors":"James T. Haber,&nbsp;Briony Horgan,&nbsp;Amanda Rudolph","doi":"10.1029/2024JE008304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JE008304","url":null,"abstract":"<p>NASA's <i>Curiosity</i> rover has found widespread evidence of alteration in sedimentary rocks in Gale crater, Mars driven by interactions with fluids both before and after lithification (early and late diagenesis). Most notably, <i>Curiosity</i> observed distinctive color, chemical, and mineralogical changes interpreted as evidence of diagenesis at the unconformity between Mt. Sharp group fluvial/lacustrine mudstones and Siccar Point group (SPg) aeolian sandstones, a part of the larger Mound Skirting Unit (MSU) that mantles Mt. Sharp. However, the distribution of diagenesis across Mt. Sharp beyond <i>Curiosity's</i> traverse is poorly constrained. In this study, we use orbital color images and spectroscopy to characterize diagenesis-driven alteration at the MSU unconformity elsewhere in Gale. We find that color variations similar to those observed by <i>Curiosity</i> appear at the MSU unconformity across Mt. Sharp and exhibit spectral properties consistent with hydrated silica, suggesting that some of the alteration observed by <i>Curiosity</i> below the MSU unconformity was extensive across Mt. Sharp. We hypothesize that fluid flow was extensive throughout the MSU, but diagenesis was locally enhanced by permeability differences across the unconformity. In this model, more permeable SPg/MSU sandstones provided a conduit for subsurface fluids that stagnated within and altered the upper few meters of less permeable (e.g., clay-bearing) Mt. Sharp group strata below. The extensive diagenesis observed in Gale implies that subsurface fluids were long-lived and widespread. Gaining a better understanding of what rock properties control and influence diagenetic fluid flow will help us improve the search for ancient aqueous environments and possible biosignatures on Mars.</p>","PeriodicalId":16101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets","volume":"130 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JE008304","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143822121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formation and Spectral Characteristics of Color Centers in NaCl Induced by Space Radiation","authors":"Chenan Pan,&nbsp;Wenshuo Mao,&nbsp;Guobin Jin,&nbsp;Lingxi Zhang,&nbsp;Xiaohui Fu,&nbsp;Zhongchen Wu,&nbsp;Jiang Zhang","doi":"10.1029/2024JE008712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JE008712","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The surfaces of airless bodies are constantly exposed to high-energy particles and ionizing radiation, which interact with surficial materials, inducing crystal defects and modifying spectral characteristics. In this study, a series of irradiation experiments were performed to simulate different types of space radiation, including H⁺ ion irradiation, high-energy electron (HE) irradiation, X-ray irradiation and ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. Their visible and near-infrared (VNIR) reflectance spectra exhibit characteristic absorption features centered &lt;1.0 μm, indicating the formation of various types of color centers in NaCl. In H⁺ ion irradiation and HE irradiation experiments, the irradiated NaCl samples showed a broad Raman envelope in the range of ∼50–300 cm⁻¹, indicating the formation of color centers. However, the Raman spectra of NaCl samples before and after X-ray irradiation seem identical. In addition, the UV irradiation experiment did not induce the formation of color centers. Currently, color centers have already been detected on airless bodies. Our results enhance their credibility by demonstrating that various types of space radiation can induce the formation of color centers in NaCl under simulated conditions. In future orbital and in situ missions, the colored NaCl can be identified via VNIR spectral and Raman spectral surveys, aiding in the analysis of radiation-induced processes on celestial bodies. Our experiments provide insights into the interaction mechanisms between space radiation and surface materials, helping to interpret spectral observations and evaluate the effects of space radiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets","volume":"130 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143821990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying Landslides in Atla Regio on Venus","authors":"E. L. Jesina,&nbsp;L. M. Carter,&nbsp;I. Ganesh","doi":"10.1029/2024JE008453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JE008453","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We performed a systematic search for landslides in the Alta Regio region of Venus, located from (16°S, 179°W) to (21°N, 147°W). Using data primarily from Magellan Cycle 1 radar imagery, we identified 29 landslides in this region. There were 19 previously identified across the entire surface (Malin, 1992, https://doi.org/10.1029/92je01343). There were three different categories and two sub-categories used for morphological classification: rock/debris avalanches, with their subcategory of debris flows; rock slumps/slides; and rock slide avalanches, with their subcategory being small rock slides. These landslides are commonly a result of slope failure of the walls of the chasmata in the Atla Regio. We also compared the types of landslides with altitude to determine whether some types of landslides are more common at different atmospheric pressures; however, no clear correlation could be identified. The prevalence of landslides in this area, including many others that could not be conclusively confirmed at Magellan resolutions, suggests that there are many more landslides on Venus than were previously known.</p>","PeriodicalId":16101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets","volume":"130 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JE008453","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143809520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preservation of Organic Matter Within Primary Fluid Inclusions in Late Middle Pleistocene Halite From the Mars-Analog Qaidam Basin","authors":"Tongtong Huang,&nbsp;Yan Chen,&nbsp;Li Liu,&nbsp;Jianxun Shen,&nbsp;Zongjun Yin,&nbsp;Yongxin Pan,&nbsp;Wei Lin","doi":"10.1029/2024JE008566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JE008566","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Halite minerals, widespread across Mars, have captured significant attention from geologists and astrobiologists for their potential to preserve biosignatures. Here, we report the preservation of organic matter within primary fluid inclusions in a halite duricrust, dated to 197.8 ± 36.2 ∼ 226.0 ± 29.0 ka BP, obtained from the Mars-analog Qaidam Basin, NW China. Employing transmitted and fluorescent light microscopy alongside Raman spectroscopy, we identified abundant β-carotene, lipids, and kerogen within these fluid inclusions. Notably, lipids were detected in situ and non-destructively within fluid inclusions in salts. The presence of genes associated with microbial synthesis of carotenoids, such as β-carotene, across diverse prokaryotes suggests that these microorganisms could be a potential source of β-carotene preserved in halite salts. The consistent spatial co-occurrence of β-carotene and anhydrite within all identified anhydrite-containing inclusions in this study implies potential interactions between carotenoid-producing microorganisms and sulfate minerals. This study underscores the significance of the preservation of biosignatures in near-surface salts in the search for life on Mars.</p>","PeriodicalId":16101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets","volume":"130 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143818469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}