Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences最新文献

{"title":"Peatland Plant Community Changes in Annual Production and Composition Through 8 Years of Warming Manipulations Under Ambient and Elevated CO2 Atmospheres","authors":"P. J. Hanson,&nbsp;N. A. Griffiths,&nbsp;V. G. Salmon,&nbsp;J. M. Birkebak,&nbsp;J. M. Warren,&nbsp;J. R. Phillips,&nbsp;M. P. Guilliams,&nbsp;K. C. Oleheiser,&nbsp;M. W. Jones,&nbsp;N. J. Jones,&nbsp;J. Enterkine,&nbsp;N. F. Glenn,&nbsp;K. J. Pearson","doi":"10.1029/2024JG008511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JG008511","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Spruce and Peatland Responses Under Changing Environments (SPRUCE) experiment has operated five whole-ecosystem warming manipulations (+0, +2.25, +4.5, +6.75, and +9°C) with paired ambient and elevated CO₂ atmospheres (eCO₂, +500 ppm) for 8 full calendar years (since August 2015). We tracked shrub-layer vegetation responses to the treatments using annual destructive plot sampling. Tree (<i>Picea</i> and <i>Larix</i>) responses were assessed annually using nondestructive dimensional analyses and allometric conversions. Shrub community changes were assessed for key ericaceous shrubs (<i>Rhododendron, Chamaedaphne,</i> and <i>Kalmia</i>), two <i>Vaccinium</i> species (<i>V. angustifolium, V. oxycoccos</i>), graminoid species (mostly <i>Eriophorum</i>), and one common forb (<i>Maianthemum trifolium</i>), plus minor understory species. We tracked annual aboveground net primary production (ANPP) for vascular plant species in gC m⁻² y⁻¹ and overall stand contribution in dry mass. We observed a linear increase in shrub-layer aboveground biomass accumulation with warming over time due primarily to an increase in ericaceous shrub abundance. Cumulative biomass increases across the shrub community showed overall positive responses to eCO₂ after 8 years. Community composition also changed with warming, with increases in woody shrub density, and the reduction or loss of forbs. The tree community showed minimal initial responses to warming early in the treatments, but since 2020, has shown significant increases in ANPP and individual tree growth with warming. The main driver of change in the vascular plant community was temperature, with less pronounced effects of eCO₂ evident. These results indicate an overall increase in ANPP with warming from both the tree and shrub layers of peatland vegetation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences","volume":"130 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JG008511","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143446957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring Peatland Condition and Restoration Sites Using Vertical Surface Motion Data From the European Ground Motion Service","authors":"M. P. Wilson","doi":"10.1029/2024JG008670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JG008670","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Vertical displacement data from satellite interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) can indicate peatland condition and can therefore be used for restoration site identification or monitoring programs. However, many peatland scientists and restoration practitioners lack InSAR expertise and do not have the financial resources available to purchase data processed by commercial third parties. Conversely, the European Ground Motion Service (EGMS) freely provides pre-processed vertical displacement data derived from the Sentinel-1 satellites. Using data covering the North Pennines National Landscape, England, this study is the first to investigate the potential for using EGMS Level 3 Ortho products to monitor landscape-scale peatland condition and the impacts of site-scale restoration. Linear regression analysis showed that, despite site restoration being considered successful based on visually extensive re-vegetation and water retention, the peatland is still subsiding at rates of −1.3 to −4.4 mm/year, likely because more time is needed for peat-forming <i>Sphagnum</i> spp. to re-colonize the site and exceed degradation rates. Nevertheless, there were indications that restoration interventions may be slowing subsidence in some areas and seasonally linked bog breathing may be returning to the site, which was absent prior to restoration efforts. The largest drawback of the EGMS Ortho products is their limited spatial coverage in rural vegetated locations, meaning peatlands are unlikely to receive the near-full coverage possible using advanced InSAR techniques. Nonetheless, where EGMS Ortho product coverage does exist, vertical displacement data can offer useful insight into the dynamic functionality of peatlands which cannot be obtained through monitoring programs based on visual observations.</p>","PeriodicalId":16003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences","volume":"130 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143438986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Species-By-Species Pattern Analysis of Coastal Dune Vegetation","authors":"D. Demichele,&nbsp;E. Belcore,&nbsp;M. Piras,&nbsp;C. Camporeale","doi":"10.1029/2024JG008419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JG008419","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Vegetation is crucial for stabilizing and developing coastal dunes. Different plant species exhibit different spatial distributions which reflect their environmental role and adaptation strategy. This study aims to provide a fine-scale species-by-species analysis of vegetation spatial patterns on coastal dunes within the San Rossore–Migliarino–Massacciuccoli Regional Park (Tuscany, Italy). A comprehensive vegetation data set generated by an Object-Based Image Analysis (OBIA) algorithm applied to high-resolution ortho-images has been utilized. A Digital Terrain Model (DTM) of the study area was created to assess the impact of dune morphology on plant distribution. Moreover, a wave runup analysis was also conducted to understand the interaction between vegetation and hydrodynamic forces. The research highlights how the vegetation threshold distance from the coastline, <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>L</mi>\u0000 <mi>veg</mi>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> ${L}_{mathit{veg}}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>, is superimposed by the reaching distance of wave runup during extreme events. Terrain morphology significantly affects the vegetation zonation: on taller and undisturbed dunefields, species zonation is clearer and more defined, whereas, on flatter and disturbed ones, spatial distribution is significantly fuzzier. A positive correlation emerges between the abundance of a species and its degree of spatial clustering, indicating how less abundant species form more tightly clustered spatial patterns. Modified Ripley's L-function analysis revealed a multi-scale clustered pattern for most species under examination. The present results may provide a solid benchmark in coastal ecology research for supporting natural-based conservation plans and eco-morphodynamic modeling.</p>","PeriodicalId":16003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences","volume":"130 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JG008419","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143431173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"N2O Emission From a Subtropical Forest Is Dominantly Regulated by Soil Denitrifiers Under Exogenous N Enrichment and Seasonal Precipitation Distribution Change","authors":"Xiaoge Han,&nbsp;Changchao Xu,&nbsp;Xiangping Tan,&nbsp;Yanxia Nie,&nbsp;Jinhong He,&nbsp;Qi Deng,&nbsp;Weijun Shen","doi":"10.1029/2024JG008206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JG008206","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nitrogen-rich tropical/subtropical forest soil acts as a terrestrial source of nitrous oxide (N₂O), a greenhouse gas commonly affected by soil nitrogen availability and soil moisture. However, in tropical and subtropical regions experiencing both elevated nitrogen deposition and altered precipitation regimes, it is unclear whether nitrogen deposition and precipitation regimes have interactive effects on forest soil N₂O emissions and what roles N₂O-associated nitrifiers/denitrifiers play in these interactions. We conducted a 2 year field study in a subtropical evergreen broadleaf forest in southern China by applying four treatments: nitrogen addition (N), seasonal precipitation distribution change (PC), both nitrogen addition and seasonal precipitation distribution change (NPC) and a control (C). We found that N₂O efflux from the forest soil was significantly greater in the wet season than in the dry season, but was promoted by 77.4% by the NPC treatment only in the dry season. Soil moisture and pH decreased in the PC and N treatments, respectively. The abundance of nitrifying gene AOA-<i>amoA</i> and denitrifying gene <i>nosZ</i> in the wet season and the abundance of denitrifying gene <i>nirK</i> in the dry season differed significantly among the four treatments. A structural equation model showed that precipitation change was more important than nitrogen addition in affecting soil properties (e.g., moisture and pH) and N₂O-associated nitrifiers/denitrifiers, while soil <i>nirK</i>- and <i>nosZ</i>-denitrifiers were the dominant functional microbes in regulating N₂O emissions. The results support predictions of future nitrogen losses (N₂O) in subtropical forests in the context of interactions between elevated nitrogen deposition and altered precipitation regimes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences","volume":"130 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitrogen Source Preferences and Ecological Implications of Phytoplankton Primary Production in the Yellow Sea, South Sea of Korea, and East/Japan Sea, 2018","authors":"Hyo Keun Jang,&nbsp;Jae Joong Kang,&nbsp;Dabin Lee,&nbsp;Kwanwoo Kim,&nbsp;Myung Joon Kim,&nbsp;Sanghoon Park,&nbsp;Yejin Kim,&nbsp;Jaesoon Kim,&nbsp;Huitae Joo,&nbsp;Seok-Hyun Youn,&nbsp;Sang Heon Lee","doi":"10.1029/2024JG008061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JG008061","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Understanding the partitioning of primary production into new and regenerated productions, based on nitrate or ammonium utilization, is crucial to understanding biogeochemical processes and marine ecosystems. This study addresses the scarcity of information on new and regenerated productions in the Yellow Sea (YS), South Sea (SS), and East/Japan Sea (EJS). Employing the ¹³C–¹⁵N tracer method, we quantified carbon and nitrogen uptake rates of phytoplankton across four seasons in 2018. Seasonal nitrate and ammonium uptake rates exhibited distinct ranges in the YS (0.2–6.1 and 0.4–22.3 mg N m⁻² hr⁻¹), SS (1.0–15.6 and 4.5–15.4 mg N m⁻² hr⁻¹), and EJS (1.5–7.3 and 4.5–15.4 mg N m⁻² hr⁻¹). Notably, nitrate uptake rates in the YS (except spring), SS, and EJS were generally lower than ammonium uptake rates, attributed to the dominance of pico-sized (&lt;2 μm) phytoplankton with a high affinity for ammonium. Carbon uptake rates in all seas displayed significant positive correlations with nitrate uptakes rather than ammonium uptakes, suggesting that the prevailing ammonium assimilations by dominant pico-sized phytoplankton contributed to the lower primary productions in 2018. Estimated annual new productions (30, 24, and 43 g C m⁻² y⁻¹) in the YS, SS, and EJS fall within the reported ranges for other regions. However, the EJS exhibited lower productions than previous reports (146 g C m⁻² y⁻¹), potentially impacting fishery yields and export production to the deep ocean in 2018. These findings, in the context of rapid environmental changes, provide crucial baseline information for monitoring future marine ecosystems in Korean seas.</p>","PeriodicalId":16003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences","volume":"130 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extensive Oxygen Consumption in the Intertidal Infiltration Zone of Beach Aquifers—The Impact of Seasonal Input, Filtration Efficiency, and Morphodynamics","authors":"F. Auer,&nbsp;S. Ahmerkamp,&nbsp;J. Cueto,&nbsp;C. Winter,&nbsp;M. Holtappels","doi":"10.1029/2024JG008291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JG008291","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Seawater infiltration into the permeable sands of beach aquifers creates a high input of biogeochemical reactants driven by tides and waves. The upper sand layer acts as a filter, retaining particulate organic matter (POM), which is degraded by bacteria under predominantly oxic conditions. The seasonal variation of seawater POM and oxygen (O₂) entering the infiltration zone, combined with the POM filtration efficiency of the highly morphodynamic upper layer, determines the organic matter turnover and subsequent redox gradients along porewater flowpaths. We investigated these effects by quantifying the seasonal O₂ consumption rates directly from the incubations of sediments taken along a transect in the seawater infiltration zone at Spiekeroog Beach, Germany. We carried out a two-monthly year-long sampling campaign with high spatial resolution measurements down to 1 m depth. In summer, O₂ consumption rates of up to 106 μM hr⁻¹ were found in the first decimeters with a significant decline over depth, indicating efficient retention of reactive POM in the surface layer. Seasonal variation in organic carbon of the sand's suspendable particulates indicates rapid turnover and little storage. In winter, rates decreased significantly to below 11 μM hr⁻¹. Integrated over the investigated oxic layer, the estimated carbon mineralization varies between 15 (winter) and 143 (summer) mmol C m⁻² d⁻¹ with a yearly average of 73 mmol C m⁻² d⁻¹. The yearly CO₂ production of 35 kg per meter shoreline characterizes the beach as a high-throughout system with rapid OM remineralization in the retention layer, especially in summer, but with little OM storage.</p>","PeriodicalId":16003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences","volume":"130 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JG008291","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143396905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PDO Dynamics Shape the Fire Regime of Boreal Subarctic Landscapes in the Northwest Territories, Canada","authors":"Nina Ryzhkova,&nbsp;Hugo Asselin,&nbsp;Adam A. Ali,&nbsp;Alexander Kryshen,&nbsp;Yves Bergeron,&nbsp;Daniela Robles,&nbsp;Sara Pineda-Zapata,&nbsp;Igor Drobyshev","doi":"10.1029/2024JG008178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JG008178","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Spatially explicit reconstructions of fire activity in northwestern boreal Canada are rare, despite their importance for modeling current and future disturbance regimes and forest dynamics. We provide a dendrochronological reconstruction of historical fire activity along Highway 3 in the Northwest Territories (NWT), Canada, within the boreal subarctic zone. We dated 129 fires that occurred between 1202 and 2015 CE, using samples from 479 fire-scarred living and dead jack pine trees (<i>Pinus banksiana</i> Lamb.). Three distinct periods can be distinguished in terms of historical fire cycle (FC) and fire occurrence. Initially (1340–1440 CE), fire activity was low (FC = 572 years; 1 fire/decade), before increasing notably between 1460 and 1840 (FC = 171 years; 4.45 fires/decade), and even more in recent times (1860–2015 CE; FC = 95 years; 7.63 fires/decade). Climate has been an important factor controlling changes in fire frequency and FC in the NWT since the 1300s. The 1440s and 1850s correspond with periods of increased fire activity synchronized with shifts from negative to positive Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) phases. Since the mid-1800s, human activities may have contributed to the increase in fire activity, but climate remained the leading factor. During the 20th century, years with increased area burned corresponded to periods with drier-than-average conditions associated with positive PDO, suggesting fire activity in the study region is still influenced by climate. Spatial teleconnection patterns among PDO, drought, and large fire years (LFYs) in the NWT reveal persistent relationships between ocean-atmosphere circulation patterns and fire activity. PDO dynamics hold strong potential for predicting regional fire hazards across northwestern North America.</p>","PeriodicalId":16003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences","volume":"130 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JG008178","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143396904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring Gas Transfer Velocity in a Steep Tropical Stream: Method Evaluation and Implications for Upscaling","authors":"Adam T. Rexroade,&nbsp;Marcus B. Wallin,&nbsp;Clément Duvert","doi":"10.1029/2024JG008420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JG008420","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Greenhouse gas emission estimates from streams rely, in part, on accurate measurements or estimates of the gas transfer velocity, which describes the physical efficiency for gas exchange across the water-air interface. Numerous methods for measuring or modeling gas transfer velocity exist, yet few studies compare these different methods. Additionally, current models of gas transfer velocity in streams are predominantly derived from measurements in low-gradient, temperate, or boreal streams. Here, we measured gas transfer velocity using four different methods in a high-energy, tropical headwater stream under a range of flow conditions, and compared these measurements to indirect estimates from four empirical models. Our results show that, when compared to the use of a biologically inert gas tracer (propane), floating chambers produced lower gas transfer velocity values. Using carbon dioxide (CO₂) as a tracer gas was unreliable without considering other natural sources and sinks of CO₂ and yielded gas transfer velocities lower than when using propane. Existing empirical models tended to underestimate gas transfer velocity, compared to the inert tracer gas. When using empirical models to upscale the emission flux along an entire stream reach, choice of model was more influential than the spatial resolution of model implementation. We also highlight the extreme spatial variability of gas transfer velocity across small spatial scales, which contrasts with its relative stability across changing hydrological conditions. The discrepancies between methods highlight the need for further research in measuring and upscaling gas transfer velocity, particularly in very turbulent steep streams.</p>","PeriodicalId":16003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences","volume":"130 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JG008420","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143396903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variability and Controls of pCO2 and Air-Water CO2 Fluxes in a Temperate River","authors":"Fischer L. Young,&nbsp;Benjamin P. Colman,&nbsp;Alice M. Carter,&nbsp;Rafael Fiejó de Lima,&nbsp;Qipei Shangguan,&nbsp;Robert A. Payn,&nbsp;Michael D. DeGrandpre","doi":"10.1029/2024JG008434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JG008434","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Measurements of riverine dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity (A_T), pH, and the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (<i>p</i>CO₂) can provide insights into the biogeochemical function of rivers, including the processes that control biological production, chemical speciation, and air-water CO₂ fluxes. The complexity created by these combined processes dictates that studies of inorganic carbon be made over broad spatial and temporal scales. Time-series data like these are relatively rare, however, because sampling and measurements are labor intensive and, for some variables, good measurement quality is difficult to achieve (e.g., pH). In this study, spectrophotometric pH and A_T were quantified with high precision and accuracy at biweekly to monthly intervals over a four-year period (2018–2021) along 216 km of the Upper Clark Fork River (UCFR) in the northern Rocky Mountains, USA. We use these and other time-series data to provide insights into the processes that control river inorganic carbon, with a focus on <i>p</i>CO₂ and air-water CO₂ fluxes. We found that seasonal snowmelt runoff increased <i>p</i>CO₂ and that expected increase and decrease of <i>p</i>CO₂ due to seasonal heating and cooling were likely offset by an increase and loss of algal biomass, respectively. Overall, the UCFR was a small net source (0.08 ± 0.14 mol m⁻² d⁻¹) of CO₂ to the atmosphere over the four-year study period with highly variable annual averages (0.0–0.10 mol m⁻² d⁻¹). The seasonally correlated, offsetting mechanisms highlight the challenges in predicting <i>p</i>CO₂ and air-water CO₂ fluxes in rivers.</p>","PeriodicalId":16003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences","volume":"130 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JG008434","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143389223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blue Carbon Mapping Using Temporally Optimized Satellite Remote Sensing Imagery: A Regional Study of Northeast US Salt Marshes","authors":"Wenxiu Teng,&nbsp;Qian Yu,&nbsp;Brian Yellen,&nbsp;Bonnie Turek,&nbsp;Jonathan D. Woodruff","doi":"10.1029/2024JG008254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JG008254","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Coastal wetlands store three to five times more carbon per unit area than tropical rainforests in continually accreting peat soils, collectively referred to as “Blue Carbon.” However, variability in soil carbon density within and between sites leads to large uncertainty when estimating carbon stocks and sequestration rates. Salt marsh carbon sequestration is mainly driven by nonlinear ecogeomorphic feedback between tidal inundation, bioproductivity, and sediment supply—all of which can be observed by satellites. In this study, we used soil bulk density and soil organic content from 410 soil samples collected across 15 sites in the Northeast US to relate soil properties to remotely sensed spectral observations. We tested model fits using Landsat 5, 7, 8, and Sentinel 2 images from 1984 to 2022 to determine the optimal season and tidal conditions for relating remote sensing indices to soil properties. We explored the roles of sediment supply and tidal range in regional prediction models. The study found that (a) spatial patterns of remote sensing indices correlate well with soil properties; (b) at the marsh scale, remote sensing indices capture the spatial variability of soil properties with image acquired at high tide and vegetation phenology specific to geomorphic setting; (c) at the regional scale, tidal range improves the prediction model in barrier marshes, while sediment supply improves the prediction model in fluvial marshes. The considerable spatial variation of SOC within marshes and across regional gradients highlights the need for high resolution maps of salt marsh soil properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":16003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences","volume":"130 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143389039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}