Journal of Immunotherapy最新文献

{"title":"Identifying Patients at Risk for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Colitis: Evidence From a Real-World Oncology Cohort.","authors":"Fady Daniel, Tasnim Diab, Jad Bou Khalil, Nour El Akach, Mounir Barake, Maria El Tannir, Ali Chaitou, Hazem I Assi","doi":"10.1097/CJI.0000000000000615","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CJI.0000000000000615","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have significantly improved outcomes across multiple malignancies but are associated with immune-related adverse events, including colitis. Although generally uncommon, ICI-induced colitis can lead to significant morbidity and treatment interruption, and data on its incidence and risk factors in the Middle East remain limited. We conducted a retrospective study of adult cancer patients treated with ICIs at a tertiary care center between December 2018 and March 2023. Clinical and treatment-related variables were collected, and univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of colitis. Among 784 patients, 19 (2.4%) developed ICI-related colitis. Most cases were moderate to severe, and 57.9% required hospitalization, with a median length of stay of 7 days. All patients had advanced disease. Endoscopic evaluation, performed in 42.1% of patients, demonstrated heterogeneous disease distribution. ICI therapy was discontinued in 78.9% of patients and resumed in 36.8%. Corticosteroids were administered in 68.4% of patients, with a response rate of 92.3%; 1 patient required infliximab. One colitis-related death occurred. In univariable analysis, autoimmune disease, CTLA-4 inhibitor exposure, combination immunotherapy, and concurrent targeted therapy were significantly associated with colitis. In multivariable analysis, autoimmune disease ( OR =6.10, 95% CI: 1.55-24.08; P =0.010), combination immunotherapy ( OR =3.56, 95% CI: 1.09-11.63; P =0.035), and concurrent targeted therapy ( OR =3.88, 95% CI: 1.31-11.54; P =0.015) remained independent predictors. ICI-induced colitis is an uncommon but clinically meaningful toxicity, and recognizing patients at higher risk may help guide closer monitoring and improve clinical management.</p>","PeriodicalId":15996,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immunotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"336-344"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148678913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Local Therapy for Isolated Residual Metastatic Melanoma and Renal Cell Carcinoma Following Immune Checkpoint Inhibition Leading to Long-Term Remission.","authors":"Olivia Wilkins, Alex Marki, Kellie A Gardner, Geoffrey T Gibney, Michael B Atkins","doi":"10.1097/CJI.0000000000000616","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CJI.0000000000000616","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have revolutionized the treatment of melanoma and renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Immune therapy response outcomes are based on radiographic measurements of cancer sites alone, without considering whether these sites contain a viable tumor that has metastatic potential. We hypothesized that ICI may lead to residual radiographic abnormalities that either contain nonviable tumor or tumor without metastatic potential that could be controlled with local therapy. In this retrospective cohort study, we identified 8 patients with melanoma and 4 with RCC who had an operable residual metastasis after major tumor response to ICI treatment. On the basis of histologic analysis, 10 (83.3%) of the resected samples showed viable tumor while 2 (16.7%) showed no viable tumor cells on pathology. After surgical removal (11), or radiosurgery (1), to the lesion, all patients had no evidence of melanoma or RCC recurrence for the duration of follow-up. Time from definitive treatment to last follow-up was a mean of 5.9 years (1.1-11.9 y). ICI therapy in melanoma and RCC may lead to a response where existing lesions or new lesions either have no viable cancer or lose their metastatic capacity. Surgical removal or local radiation to those lesions with residual cancer can render patients' long-term disease-free without the need for additional systemic therapy. Consideration of local therapy approaches in patients with isolated residual metastatic disease after ICI response is clinically justified.</p>","PeriodicalId":15996,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immunotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"330-335"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148712695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brief Communication: LSD1 Inhibition Enhances Susceptibility of Primary AML Cells for NK Cell-Mediated Killing.","authors":"Mohammadamin Sookhaklari, Adnan Moinuddin, Kanwaldeep Singh, M Talha Yuksel, Misaal Mehboob, Fatemeh Vahedi, Ali A Ashkar, Tobias Berg","doi":"10.1097/CJI.0000000000000618","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CJI.0000000000000618","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematological malignancy associated with poor prognosis. Recent developments in natural killer (NK) cell-based immunotherapies have resulted in the robust expansion of NK cells with enhanced cytotoxicity against hematological malignancies. However, disease relapse remains a challenge. Another therapeutic intervention that has garnered high interest is the use of lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) inhibitors for AML treatment. Here, we investigated whether LSD1 inhibition could synergize with ex vivo expanded NK (exNK) cells in a primary AML sample. Interestingly, we observed that treatment with the LSD1 inhibitors, bomedemstat and GSK-LSD1, led to the upregulation of multiple stress ligands known to activate NK cells. Importantly, this increased stress ligand expression was associated with enhanced NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity, suggesting the potential for both therapies to be used synergistically. To our knowledge, this is the first study to assess the combination of LSD1 inhibition and exNK cells in AML.</p>","PeriodicalId":15996,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immunotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"317-322"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148977072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Auranofin Sensitizes Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma to PD-1 Blockade Through DUSP1-Associated Macrophage Reprogramming.","authors":"Lixia Zhang, Camyla R Nascimento, William J Magner, Scott I Abrams, Keith L Kirkwood","doi":"10.1097/CJI.0000000000000621","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CJI.0000000000000621","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is frequently refractory to immune checkpoint blockade, in part because the tumor microenvironment is enriched with immunosuppressive, M2-like tumor-associated macrophages. Auranofin (ARN), an FDA-approved thioredoxin reductase inhibitor, induces oxidative and proteotoxic stress and may remodel myeloid compartments to improve immunotherapy responsiveness. Here, we investigated whether ARN sensitizes OSCC to PD-1 blockade through DUSP1-associated macrophage reprogramming. Using an immunotherapy-resistant, syngeneic MOC2 murine OSCC model, mice bearing established tumors were treated with vehicle, ARN, anti-PD-1, or combination therapy. Combination treatment significantly improved survival and produced the most pronounced reduction in tumor burden compared with control and monotherapy groups. In vitro, ARN increased Dusp1 mRNA in bone marrow-derived macrophages polarized toward an M2 phenotype in a time- and dose-dependent manner. In vivo, RNAscope analysis demonstrated increased Dusp1 expression within tumors following ARN and/or anti-PD-1, with co-localization patterns consistent with a shift toward a pro-inflammatory macrophage state. Functionally, ARN directly promoted macrophage repolarization, increasing the M1/M2 ratio by flow cytometry and suppressing expression of the M2 marker arginase-1 (Arg1). In tumors, ARN and anti-PD-1 each increased the frequency of M1-like macrophages while reducing M2-like populations. Adaptive immune profiling further showed increased CD8⁺ T-cell infiltration across treatments, peaking in the combination group. Tumor cells also upregulated PD-L1, PD-L2, and CTLA-4, consistent with heightened immune stress. Collectively, these findings support repurposing ARN as an immunomodulatory adjuvant to overcome resistance to PD-1 blockade in OSCC by inducing DUSP1-linked macrophage remodeling and enhancing cytotoxic T-cell-associated antitumor immunity.</p>","PeriodicalId":15996,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immunotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"323-329"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148977066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Area Deprivation Index and Survival Outcomes for Patients With Metastatic Solid Tumors Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in the United States.","authors":"Dena P Rhinehart, Ardit Feinaj, Shuait Nair, Marianna Zahaurak, Jonaphine Mata, Dina Lansey, Roy Elias, Jean Hoffman-Censits, Evan J Lipson, Mark Yarchoan, Govind Warrier, Yasser Ged","doi":"10.1097/CJI.0000000000000623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CJI.0000000000000623","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Due to increasing evidence that socioeconomic deprivation influences cancer outcomes through biological effects and care disparities, this single-institution retrospective study estimated associations between neighborhood-level socioeconomic deprivation, measured by the area deprivation index (ADI), and clinical outcomes among patients with metastatic solid tumors treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Eligible patients included adults with metastatic solid tumors who received ICI between 2013 and 2024 and had a response assessment. Exclusions included adjuvant ICI receipt and missing ADI. Survival outcomes were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and Cox regression models were used to measure associations between ADI and survival in the full cohort and stratified by tumor type. In a cohort of 691 patients with multiple solid tumor types and a median follow-up of 56.1 months, there was a trend toward shorter overall survival (OS) with increasing ADI quartile (HR=1.60 for the most vs. least deprived quartile), although not statistically significant (P=0.143). There was no significant association between ADI and progression-free survival (P=0.215). Exploratory analyses of tumor type subsets also revealed no statistically significant association between ADI and OS. In conclusion, there was no significant association between survival and ADI in this cohort. Further study in larger and more diverse cohorts is needed to elucidate the relationship between neighborhood-level socioeconomic deprivation and survival among patients with metastatic solid tumors receiving ICI.</p>","PeriodicalId":15996,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immunotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149224340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pembrolizumab-Induced Sarcoidosis-Like Immune-Related Adverse Events: A Pooled Analysis of Published Cases and Report of a Novel Manifestation Involving Phosphocalcic Metabolism.","authors":"Coral Arévalo-Cañas, José Zamoro-Lorenci M, Laura Pérez-Ibáñez, Ana Lizasoain-Moro, de Bodas Irene Romano, Silvia Meseguer-Bellido, Elena García-Verdú, Del Peso Blanca Jiménez","doi":"10.1097/CJI.0000000000000627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CJI.0000000000000627","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Immune checkpoint inhibitors such as pembrolizumab can trigger immune-related adverse events, including rare sarcoidosis-like reactions (DISR), whose immunopathogenesis and clinical spectrum remain incompletely defined. We conducted a systematic review of all published cases of pembrolizumab-induced DISR, extracted and descriptively analyzed clinical, laboratory, imaging, and outcome data from 41 patients, and additionally report a 42-year-old woman who developed multiorgan DISR with a previously unreported metabolic complication involving dysregulated calcium homeostasis and ureteral double-J stent calcification. The median age at onset was 65 years, with melanoma as the most frequent underlying malignancy. Lymph nodes, lungs, and skin were the most commonly affected organs, and the median time to onset was 16 weeks, with some cases occurring after treatment discontinuation. ACE levels were elevated in 60% of cases, PET/CT showed increased FDG uptake in 95% of cases, and histologic confirmation was obtained in nearly all patients. Corticosteroids were the most frequent treatment, and 90.5% achieved stable disease or remission. Pembrolizumab-induced DISR is a rare irAE driven by immune dysregulation, and our case expands its clinical spectrum by identifying a novel manifestation of macrophage-mediated calcium dysregulation. Our pooled analysis of all published cases to date contributes to a broader understanding of this underrecognized entity. Early recognition is essential to avoid misdiagnosis of tumor progression, and DISR may serve as a potential biomarker of effective antitumor immune activation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15996,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immunotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149206966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Neoadjuvant Immunochemotherapy Efficacy and Pathologic Characteristics in dMMR Gastric/Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Yong Wang, Rui Zhao, Qian Yi Wan, Jing Ru Li, Zhen Jie Dai, Yong Zhou, Jing Chen","doi":"10.1097/CJI.0000000000000625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CJI.0000000000000625","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neoadjuvant immunotherapy (NAIC) is feasible and associated with a high rate of pathologic complete response (pCR) in deficient mismatch repair (dMMR)/microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancers (GC/GEJC). However, the association between NAIC efficacy and pathologic characteristics remains unclear. We conducted a retrospective study to evaluate this relationship. Patients with dMMR/MSI-H GC/GEJC who received neoadjuvant immunotherapy were included. The effects of different neoadjuvant regimens were compared, and pathologic characteristics were analyzed between tumor regression grade TRG1 and TRG2 groups. The χ2 test was used to estimate relative risks (RRs) with 95% CIs. In total, 39 patients with dMMR/MSI-H GC/GEJC who received neoadjuvant immunotherapy were included. All patients underwent complete R0 resection; 22 patients (56%) achieved pCR in both the primary tumor and lymph nodes. The chemotherapy plus immunotherapy group and the immunotherapy-only group achieved significantly higher TRG1 rates compared with the chemotherapy group (RR=4.2, 95% CI=1.5-15.0, P=0.0004; and RR=4.4, 95% CI=1.7-15.7, P=0.003, respectively). The intestinal subtype also demonstrated a higher TRG1 rate than the mixed subtype (RR=2.5, 95% CI=1.1-8.7, P=0.0196). Neoadjuvant immunotherapy achieved a high pCR rate in patients with dMMR/MSI-H locally advanced, resectable GC/GEJC relative to chemotherapy. The intestinal subtype may serve as a histologic biomarker of enhanced sensitivity to neoadjuvant immunotherapy in this patient population.</p>","PeriodicalId":15996,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immunotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149166864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors After Chemoradiation in Unresectable Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Survival Outcomes From a Tertiary Care Center in Lebanon.","authors":"Hasan Numan, Sacha El Khoury, Zeinab Dandash, Bassem Youssef, Arafat Tfayli, Malek Safa","doi":"10.1097/CJI.0000000000000626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CJI.0000000000000626","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To evaluate real-world survival outcomes of consolidation immunotherapy after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (cCRT) in patients with unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated at a tertiary cancer center in Lebanon. This is a retrospective cohort study that included patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC treated between 2019 and 2025 with definitive cCRT, with or without ICIs (durvalumab or atezolizumab). The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS), analyzed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression methods, adjusting for variables, including PD-L1 status. Among 92 eligible patients, 52 (56.5%) received consolidation immunotherapy, and 40 (43.5%) received cCRT alone. Median follow-up was 22.3 months. Median PFS was 19.0 months (95% CI: 12.8-25.2) with ICIs versus 10.0 months (95% CI: 7.0-13.1) without (log-rank P=0.210). On multivariable Cox analysis, immunotherapy was associated with a favorable trend toward improved PFS (HR=0.53, 95% CI: 0.26-1.11; P=0.09). PD-L1 positivity independently predicted longer PFS (HR=0.42, 95% CI: 0.21-0.84; P=0.014), while high tumor grade predicted inferior outcomes (HR=1.89, 95% CI: 1.04-3.43; P=0.038). Immunotherapy after cCRT was associated with numerically and clinically meaningful improvement in PFS, consistent with the landmark PACIFIC trial. PD-L1 expression emerged as an independent prognostic and predictive biomarker, supporting biomarker-driven treatment strategies. These findings validate the clinical benefit of ICIs in a Middle Eastern low- and middle-income setting, reinforcing the importance of equitable access to immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":15996,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immunotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149165215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunostaining of p53 Is Associated With Efficacy of Anti-PD-1 Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Patients With Recurrent or Metastatic Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.","authors":"Ming-Chun Kuo, Tai-Lin Huang, Tai-Jan Chiu, Wan-Ting Huang, Tsung-Han Tsai, Shau-Hsuan Li","doi":"10.1097/CJI.0000000000000624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CJI.0000000000000624","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Current evidence demonstrates the efficacy of anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in patients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (RMHNSCC), but only a limited number of patients can benefit. TP53 alteration is one of the most frequent genetic events in HNSCC and may be reflected by aberrant p53 protein expression in tumor cells. Nevertheless, the association between p53 immunohistochemical expression and clinical outcomes in RMHNSCC patients receiving anti-PD-1 therapy remains unclear. We retrospectively analyzed 141 patients with recurrent or metastatic HNSCC who received anti-PD-1 ICIs between January 2017 and December 2023. Immunohistochemical staining in the pretreatment tumor was used to evaluate the expression of p53 and was correlated with the treatment outcome of anti-PD-1 ICIs. Positive p53 expression and tumor proportion score (TPS) <50% were significantly correlated with a poor response to anti-PD-1 ICIs. The overall response rates were 31% and 11% in patients with negative and positive p53 expressions, respectively (P=0.008). Univariate survival analysis showed that positive p53 expression (P=0.012) and TPS <50% (P=0.035) were significantly associated with worse progression-free survival (PFS), and positive p53 expression (P<0.001) was significantly correlated with inferior overall survival (OS). Multivariate analysis revealed that positive p53 expression was an independent poor prognosticator for worse PFS and inferior OS. The 2-year PFS and OS rates were 16% and 32% in patients with negative p53 expression and 8% and 10% in patients with positive p53 expression, respectively. In conclusion, p53 expression in pretreatment tumor specimens was associated with response and survival outcomes in patients with RMHNSCC receiving anti-PD-1 ICIs. Positive p53 expression may serve as a potential prognostic marker for inferior clinical outcomes in this population. Further prospective studies incorporating TP53 sequencing and immune microenvironmental profiling are warranted to validate its clinical utility.</p>","PeriodicalId":15996,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immunotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149169506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: Integrating Bulk RNA-Seq and Spatial Transcriptomics Data to Reveal Distinct Immune Escape Mechanism and Immunotherapy Based on Post-Translational Modification in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.","authors":"Kai Li, Chuyi Cai, Qingmei Chen, Danhua Hu","doi":"10.1097/CJI.0000000000000619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CJI.0000000000000619","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15996,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Immunotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149127448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}