Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry最新文献

{"title":"Adaptation, Marginal, and Occlusal Quality of Monolithic Zirconia Crowns: Effect of the CAD/CAM Milling Protocol.","authors":"Indiarai Lavandoski Bringhenti, Andressa Restani Oliveira, Natalia Ulmi Ziglioli, Vitor de Trancoso de Britto, Alvaro Della Bona, Marcia Borba","doi":"10.1111/jerd.70181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jerd.70181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Variables related to CAD/CAM processing can affect the final quality of all-ceramic crowns. This study aims to evaluate the effect of the milling protocol on the adaptation, marginal and occlusal quality of monolithic zirconia crowns.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Thirty-nine monolithic zirconia crowns were produced using three CAD/CAM milling protocols (n = 13): slow (S), normal (N), and fast (F). Adaptation (gap thickness) was evaluated using the replica technique, while marginal quality was assessed according to a severity scale. Occlusal quality was investigated qualitatively, using a stereomicroscope, and quantitatively, through an occlusal dimensional discrepancy analysis. Gap thickness and occlusal discrepancy data were analyzed with ANOVA and Tukey's test, and marginal quality with Kruskal-Wallis and Student-Newman-Keuls (α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Gap thickness in the marginal, gingival-axial angle and axial regions was similar among groups. In the axio-occlusal angle and occlusal region, group N presented the smallest gap. For marginal quality, group F had higher scores in the severity scale than groups N and S for the mesial and buccal regions. Group F crowns showed less refined occlusal anatomy. Yet, when crowns produced with S and F protocols were compared with N, the total mean discrepancy was similar.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The CAD/CAM milling protocol affected the adaptation, marginal, and occlusal quality of monolithic zirconia crowns.</p>","PeriodicalId":15988,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic Review Evaluating the Influence of Veneering Design on the Clinical Outcome of All-Ceramic Implant-Supported 3-4 Units and Full Arch Fixed Dental Prostheses.","authors":"Shaza Bishti, Stefan Wolfart, Marcel Zwahlen, Lukas Waltenberger","doi":"10.1111/jerd.70177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jerd.70177","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To systematically assess survival, failure, and complication rates of all-ceramic implant-supported monolithic and micro-veneered FDPs (i-FDPs) in partially/completely edentulous patients compared to veneered restorations.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>An electronic search identified prospective clinical studies on all-ceramic i-FDPs with at least one inter-implant pontic and a minimal follow-up of 1 year, with no restrictions in language and publication date.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Only studies on posterior 3-4-unit and full-arch i-FDPs were identified. Twelve studies assessing monolithic, fully veneered, and micro-veneered restorations were included. Regardless of veneering design, the meta-analysis indicated a 3-year success rate of 89.36% for 3-4-unit and 75.56% for full-arch i-FDPs, and an estimated 3-year survival rate of 98.64% and 96.45%, respectively. Analyzing veneering design influence was feasible only for 3-4-unit i-FDPs. Monolithic and micro-veneered 3-4-unit restorations showed significantly lower chipping incidence than fully veneered ones (p < 0.0001). The estimated annual chipping rate was 2.1% for 3-4-unit i-FDPs and 6.9% for full-arch restorations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Monolithic/micro-veneered designs are preferred for short-span i-FDPs to minimize chipping, whereas full-arch all-ceramic restorations require caution due to limited evidence and high complication rates. Current findings are based solely on high-strength 3Y-TZP zirconia (> 1000 MPa). No conclusions can be drawn for multilayer zirconia or other ceramics.</p>","PeriodicalId":15988,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Seating of Crowns After Adjusting Proximal Contacts Using Different Materials.","authors":"Mitali Ashwin Jain, Krishna Prasad D","doi":"10.1111/jerd.70158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jerd.70158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Achieving physiologic proximal contact is essential for complete crown seating and long-term periodontal health. Improper adjustment can result in tight or open contacts, leading to incomplete seating, marginal discrepancies, food impaction, and discomfort. This study evaluated the seating accuracy of posterior single-unit porcelain fused to metal (PFM) crowns after proximal contact adjustment using different contact-indicating methods.</p><p><strong>Clinical considerations: </strong>In this prospective randomized clinical study, 124 patients requiring posterior single-unit PFM crowns were randomly allocated into four groups (n = 31 each): Artifol (8 μm), articulating paper (40 μm), Arti-Spot (3 μm), and visual acuity alone. Proximal contacts were adjusted during laboratory procedures according to the assigned method. At clinical try-in, seating was considered \"perfect\" if no further proximal adjustment was required. Intraoral periapical radiographs confirmed crown seating. Data were analyzed using Fisher's exact tests (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A significant association was observed between adjustment method and crown seating (p = 0.000). Arti-Spot demonstrated the highest number of perfectly seated crowns (29/31), whereas visual assessment showed the poorest results. Thin contact-indicating materials demonstrated more consistent outcomes in immediate chairside proximal contact assessment compared to other methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":15988,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Superimposition Strategies and Landmark Distribution on the Full-Arch Trueness of Orthodontic Digital Models.","authors":"Ezgi Cansu Firinciogullari, Edanur Dark, Genta Agani Sabah, Aslıhan Mediha Erdinc","doi":"10.1111/jerd.70179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jerd.70179","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the influence of superimposition protocols and landmark distribution on deviation outcomes in orthodontic full-arch models.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Twenty plaster models were scanned using an intraoral and desktop scanner. Ten models were evaluated for landmark suitability and inter-scanner coordinate agreement. All models were superimposed using automatic global best-fit (AGB), three-point landmark (3PL) alignment with two different triads, and area-specific alignment (ASA). Deviation metrics were root mean square (RMS), absolute average (Abs. Avg.), and (90-10)/2. Mixed-effects models were utilized for analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The alignment protocol significantly affected all metrics (p < 0.001). The protocol × arch interaction was significant for RMS (p < 0.001) and (90-10)/2 (p = 0.046), but not Abs. Avg. (p = 0.484). AGB and both 3PL triads produced comparable outcomes (p > 0.05), whereas ASA yielded higher deviations (p < 0.01), particularly in the mandible (RMS increased by approximately 27 μm relative to AGB).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AGB and 3PL protocols yield comparable reference-based trueness, whereas ASA produced higher deviations. This effect is strongly arch-dependent, suggesting the unreliability of restricted-region registration in mandibular datasets.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Digital superimposition trueness depends heavily on the alignment protocol. Standardizing registration is essential, as minor positional differences impact symmetry and finishing decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15988,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147838785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of Coloring Liquids on the Substrate Masking Ability and Adhesive Properties of Different Zirconia Ceramics.","authors":"Rafaela Oliveira Pilecco, Gabriel Bauken, Pablo Machado Soares, Gabriel Kalil Rocha Pereira, Atais Bacchi","doi":"10.1111/jerd.70180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jerd.70180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to assess the colorimetric characteristics and substrate masking ability of zirconia specimens with coloring liquids applied at the intaglio surface; the zirconia bond strength to a resin-based luting agent and topographic characteristics were also assessed.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Zirconia materials tested were: 5Y-PSZ (Prettau Anterior), 4Y-PSZ (IPS e.max ZirCAD MT), and 3Y-TZP (IPS e.max ZirCAD MO) veneered with lithium disilicate (IPS e.max CAD LT). Disc-shaped specimens (8 mm of diameter, shade A2, n = 10) with 1.5 and 2.0 mm of thicknesses were produced for the colorimetric assessments. For the experimental groups, coloring liquids White and White Plus were applied at intaglio surface of zirconia specimens before sintering. Data for lightness (L*), chroma (C*), hue angle (h^o), translucency parameter (TP₀₀), and whiteness index for Dentistry (WI_D) were recorded; color differences (ΔE₀₀) of specimens over discolored substrates C3, C4, coppery and silvery metals in comparison with a reference (A2) were calculated. Additional specimens (n = 10) were produced to assess the microshear bond strength (μSBS) of a resin-based luting agent to the zirconia intaglio surface with and without coloring liquid. The outcomes were obtained after 24 h water storage and after 10,000 thermal cycles (5°C-55°C). Analyses of variance (two-way for L*, C*, and h^o and three-way for TP₀₀, WI_D, ∆E₀₀, and μSBS) and Tukey post hoc test (α = 0.05) were applied. Topographic images were also obtained via scanning electron microscopy (SEM).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The use of coloring liquids (especially White Plus) and thicker zirconia specimens provided, in general, reductions in TP_00, ΔE₀₀ and hue angle, and an increase in lightness and chroma (p < 0.001). WI_D increased in 5Y-PSZ and decreased in 4Y-PSZ with the use of coloring liquids in specimens of 1.5 mm (p < 0.001). The μSBS of groups was in the range from 20 to 25 MPa, in which only specimens of 5Y-PSZ with coloring liquids showed statistically lower MPa values in comparison with the control group after aging (p > 0.05). In the SEM analysis, zirconia specimens with coloring liquids did not show relevant differences in topographic characteristics in comparison with controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The application of coloring liquids at zirconia intaglio surface has significantly improved its substrate masking ability without detrimental effects on the bond strength to a resin-based luting agent and topographic characteristics.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>The use of coloring liquids at zirconia intaglio surface before sintering is an effective technique to enhance the masking ability of restorations confectioned over discolored substrates.</p>","PeriodicalId":15988,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147838779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability of Three Image-Based Instrumental Color-Measurement Methods.","authors":"Eloah Nunes de Almeida, Ido Luiz de Azevedo Feiten, Luis Felipe J Schneider, Larissa Maria Assad Cavalcante, André Luis Faria-E-Silva","doi":"10.1111/jerd.70183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jerd.70183","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare the precision of three clinically applicable, image-based color assessment methods-smartphone imaging, a clinical colorimeter (Optishade), and a digital scanning device (Borea Cobra)-against a benchtop spectrophotometer for measuring CIELAB coordinates and CIEDE2000 (ΔE₀₀) color differences of composite resin shades.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Three specimens from eight composite shades were measured using a benchtop spectrophotometer (reference) and the three test devices. Agreement for L*, a*, and b* was evaluated using linear regression and Bland-Altman analyses. ΔE₀₀ values relative to the reference and intershade ΔE₀₀ across shade pairs were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Optishade showed the closest agreement with the reference-with slopes near unity, high R² values-and the smallest biases and limits of agreement. Borea Cobra demonstrated good overall performance and strong agreement for a* and b*, though with greater data dispersion and device-specific distortions in intershade differences. Smartphone measurements displayed systematic positive bias, lower slopes for chromatic axes, and wider limits of agreement, indicating reduced precision and compression of color differences.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Optishade provided the most reliable quantitative measurements; Borea Cobra offered acceptable performance with specific limitations. Smartphone-based imaging preserved shade ordering but was unsuitable for precise color quantification.</p>","PeriodicalId":15988,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147838750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Evaluation of Zirconia Occlusal Veneer Fixed Partial Denture: A New Design for Posterior Resin-Bonded Fixed Partial Dentures (RBFPDs).","authors":"Yasmeen Abdul Kader Ghalawingy, Ramah Eimad Makieh, Mohammad Luai Ahmad Foad Morad","doi":"10.1111/jerd.70161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jerd.70161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the clinical performance of zirconia occlusal veneer fixed partial dentures (FPDs).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Forty occlusal veneer FPDs (n = 10) replacing first molars were fabricated using two preparation designs (D1 and D2) and two types of zirconia: second-generation traditional zirconia (3Y-TZP) and third-generation translucent zirconia (5Y-PSZ). Design D1 involved a 1 mm occlusal reduction of the abutments, a 1 mm circumferential occlusal shoulder, and axial wall preparation of the surfaces adjacent to the missing molar, limited between the buccal and lingual line angles. The adjacent preparation in the design D2 was extended to the lingual midpoint and included an axial groove on each abutment. After resin cementation, patient and specialist satisfaction with esthetic appearance was recorded. Clinical data on fracture, debonding, and recurrent caries were collected at 1, 6, 12, and 18 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No cases of debonding or recurrent caries were observed. Two occlusal veneer FPDs in Group D1/5Y experienced complete fractures at 4 and 17 months, respectively. Only one FPD in Group D2/5Y developed a crack at the first-month follow-up. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences among the groups in fracture resistance or esthetic satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Occlusal veneer fixed partial dentures made of second-generation zirconia provide an effective alternative to conventional treatments for replacing first molars or second premolars, particularly when adjacent abutments are intact and the patient maintains good oral hygiene.</p>","PeriodicalId":15988,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147838788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Polishing, Resin Coating, and Glaze Coating on the Surface Properties of a 3D-Printed Splint Resin.","authors":"İzim Türker Kader, Ecem Karacan, Berru Kursoğlu, Pınar Kursoğlu","doi":"10.1111/jerd.70184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jerd.70184","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of different surface finishing protocols and post-curing environments on the surface roughness (Ra) and Vickers hardness (VHN) of a 3-dimensionally (3D)-printed occlusal splint resin.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Ninety-six disc-shaped specimens (Ø16 × 3 mm) were fabricated from a photopolymerizable splint resin using a stereolithography 3D printer. The specimens were assigned to four surface finishing groups: as-printed (AP), polished (P), resin-coated (RC), and glaze-coated (GC). Each group was further subdivided according to the post-curing environment, air (A) or glycerin (G), resulting in eight experimental groups (n = 12): AP-A, AP-G, P-A, P-G, RC-A, RC-G, GC-A, and GC-G. Post-curing was performed at 60°C for 60 min. For the glycerin subgroups of the coated specimens (RC-G and GC-G), an initial curing period in air was applied before completing the post-curing in glycerin to stabilize the applied coating layer. Ra was measured using a surface profilometer, and VHN was determined using a microhardness tester. The data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey HSD test (α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Surface finishing significantly affected Ra and VHN (p < 0.001), whereas the post-curing environment had no effect (p > 0.05). AP-A and AP-G specimens showed the highest Ra, while GC-A and GC-G specimens exhibited the highest VHN (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Surface finishing is essential for optimizing surface properties of 3D-printed occlusal splints. Although coating procedures, particularly glaze, were associated with higher surface hardness, polishing yielded smoother surfaces and provided consistent and clinically acceptable properties.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Surface finishing plays an important role in the clinical performance of 3D-printed occlusal splints. Although coating procedures yield high surface hardness, polishing provides smoother, more consistent surfaces, making it a practical and reliable option for routine clinical use.</p>","PeriodicalId":15988,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147838807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Objective Measurement of Tooth Color Using Spectrophotometry and ICDAS: Quantifying CIELAB Color Changes Across Caries Severity.","authors":"Farah Rashid, James Dudley","doi":"10.1111/jerd.70170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jerd.70170","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) is widely used for early caries detection but relies on visual interpretation. Although spectrophotometry objectively quantifies tooth color, variation across ICDAS categories and its relationship with lesion severity remain unclear. The present in vitro study therefore characterized spectrophotometric measurements across ICDAS categories, evaluated their association with severity, and quantified differences across categories.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Three hundred unrestored extracted posterior teeth were classified as ICDAS 0-4 by a calibrated examiner. CIELAB values were obtained with a Spectrophotometer at five standardized sites per tooth under controlled lighting and aggregated to tooth-level. Differences across categories were analyzed using ANOVA/Kruskal-Wallis with correlation and regression analysis. Color differences (ΔE00) were calculated relative to the ICDAS 0 (reference) and interpreted using published perceptibility and acceptability thresholds.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Color parameters differed significantly across ICDAS categories (p < 0.001). ΔE00 increased from ICDAS 2, exceeding reported perceptibility and acceptability thresholds. With increasing severity, L* decreased while a* and b* increased with significant monotonic associations for all color parameters (ρ = -0.58 to 0.62; p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Statistically significant differences in spectrophotometric color measurements were observed across caries severity categories, with progressive reductions in lightness and corresponding increases in red and yellow chromatic components. Overall color differences were greater in higher severity categories and exceeded perceptibility and acceptability thresholds from moderate lesion stages onward.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Spectrophotometric color assessment provides an objective framework for quantifying enamel changes associated with caries progression. Color differences exceeding established perceptibility and acceptability thresholds indicate clinically appreciable changes beyond early lesion stages, supporting the use of color-based metrics as an adjunct to conventional visual assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":15988,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147838782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Spot-Dam Technique: A Protocol for Adhesive Cementation of BOPT Crowns.","authors":"Maria Giolanta Liaropoulou, Andrea Tinti, Roberto Padrós Roldan, Markus B Blatz, Rui I Falacho","doi":"10.1111/jerd.70174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jerd.70174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The Biologically Oriented Preparation Technique (BOPT) uses vertical tooth preparation without a defined finish line, guided by provisional restorations to shape the gingival emergence profile. Subgingival crown margins inherent to BOPT increase the risk of residual cement and soft-tissue trauma during adhesive cementation. This article presents the Spot-Dam Technique (SDT), a continuous or staged isolation protocol designed to enhance visibility, facilitate excess cement removal, and protect peri-gingival tissues in BOPT restorations.</p><p><strong>Clinical considerations: </strong>SDT employs localized rubber dam fragments stabilized with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) tape during water-airborne-particle abrasion (WAPA) of dentin, followed by sulcular isolation during crown seating. Zirconia crowns were conditioned with air-particle abrasion, and self-adhesive resin cement was applied. Excess cement was removed at the gel stage to minimize soft-tissue trauma. The protocol integrates soft-tissue protection, dentin pretreatment, restoration surface conditioning, and controlled cement removal to optimize adhesion and margin integrity in subgingival restorations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The SDT provides a reproducible workflow for adhesive cementation of BOPT crowns. Isolation with rubber dam and PTFE tape protects peri-gingival tissues, facilitates complete cement removal, and preserves seating accuracy, supporting biological stability and prosthetic predictability in vertically prepared teeth.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Subgingival crown margins inherent to the BOPT increase the risk of sulcular cement retention and soft-tissue trauma during definitive cementation. The isolation strategy described in the current manuscript combines sulcular displacement and contamination control to improve visibility, facilitate cement removal, and protect peri-gingival tissues during adhesive cementation of indirect restorations to vertically prepared teeth.</p>","PeriodicalId":15988,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147838884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}