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Can blood additives reduce hemolysis in an artificial heart? 血液添加剂能减少人工心脏的溶血吗?
1993 IEEE Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference Pub Date : 1993-03-18 DOI: 10.1109/NEBC.1993.404380
L. Garrison, J. Frangos, D. Geselowitz, J. Tarbell
{"title":"Can blood additives reduce hemolysis in an artificial heart?","authors":"L. Garrison, J. Frangos, D. Geselowitz, J. Tarbell","doi":"10.1109/NEBC.1993.404380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEBC.1993.404380","url":null,"abstract":"Mock circulatory loops are useful in determining fluid mechanical properties of flow through artificial hearts and associated valves. In order to determine the effects that the Penn State artificial heart and associated valves have on blood, a 340 ml mock circulatory loop composed entirely of Biomer, stainless steel, and silicon was designed and assembled. Experiments were then completed to test the effects of known hemolysis-reducing agents on red blood cell damage caused by the artificial heart assembly. Neither Pluronic F-68 nor Dextran-40 produced any significant decrease in hemolysis under normal circulatory pressure and flow conditions, and caused an increase in hemolysis at high concentrations. Known drag-reducing agents, Polyox WSR-301 and Praestol 2273TR (a.k.a. Separan AP-273), caused large increases in hemolysis at very low concentrations. It can be concluded that none of these additives can be used as hemolysis-reducing drugs in artificial heart patients.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":159783,"journal":{"name":"1993 IEEE Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124806070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Stimulation of intracranial hemodynamics 颅内血流动力学刺激
1993 IEEE Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference Pub Date : 1993-03-18 DOI: 10.1109/NEBC.1993.404374
A. Ritter, G. Sundaram, D. Korotol, A. Bekker
{"title":"Stimulation of intracranial hemodynamics","authors":"A. Ritter, G. Sundaram, D. Korotol, A. Bekker","doi":"10.1109/NEBC.1993.404374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEBC.1993.404374","url":null,"abstract":"The authors quantitatively study the hemodynamic and volume changes in the cerebrovascular system associated with incomplete local ischemia. The development of a mathematical model for the hemodynamics of the cerebrovascular system is discussed.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":159783,"journal":{"name":"1993 IEEE Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124835630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A VLSI-based biological interface for extracellular potentials 基于vlsi的细胞外电位生物接口
1993 IEEE Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference Pub Date : 1993-03-18 DOI: 10.1109/NEBC.1993.404362
M. J. Osborn, S. Wolpert
{"title":"A VLSI-based biological interface for extracellular potentials","authors":"M. J. Osborn, S. Wolpert","doi":"10.1109/NEBC.1993.404362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEBC.1993.404362","url":null,"abstract":"The authors describe the design of an IC-based interface from a living biological neuron to an arbitrary electromechanical device. Implemented on a custom VLSI IC, the circuit contains a high-gain buffer, band-pass filter, a neuron-like threshold discriminator, and a dedicated four-phase output driver for a stepper motor. The CMOS circuit is comprehensive, compact, noise immune, and very power efficient, making it appropriate for the control of robotic or prosthetic devices based on an extracellular activitiy in biological neurons.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":159783,"journal":{"name":"1993 IEEE Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference","volume":"173 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122565916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Impact of engineering design on intraaortic balloon efficiency 工程设计对主动脉内球囊效率的影响
1993 IEEE Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference Pub Date : 1993-03-18 DOI: 10.1109/NEBC.1993.404376
L. Antonelli
{"title":"Impact of engineering design on intraaortic balloon efficiency","authors":"L. Antonelli","doi":"10.1109/NEBC.1993.404376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEBC.1993.404376","url":null,"abstract":"Diastolic augmentation of coronary circulation has proven to be life saving for the failing heart. One circulatory assist method, intraaortic balloon counterpulsation (IABC), employs a balloon catheter device situated in the thoracic descending aorta which is inflated during diastole and deflated during systole. This work reviews the evolution of balloon engineering design, enhancing the effectiveness of counterpulsation with the impetus of reducing complications and improving hemodynamic performance.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":159783,"journal":{"name":"1993 IEEE Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference","volume":"362 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122821720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Use of ultrasound attenuation and velocity to estimate Young's modulus in trabecular bone 利用超声衰减和速度估计小梁骨的杨氏模量
1993 IEEE Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference Pub Date : 1993-03-18 DOI: 10.1109/NEBC.1993.404414
M. Grimm, John L. Williams
{"title":"Use of ultrasound attenuation and velocity to estimate Young's modulus in trabecular bone","authors":"M. Grimm, John L. Williams","doi":"10.1109/NEBC.1993.404414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEBC.1993.404414","url":null,"abstract":"Measurements were made of ultrasound transmission velocity (UTV) and attenuation (BUA) in cores of human trabecular bone. The Young's modulus and apparent density were also determined for each specimen. Analysis of the correlation between the ultrasonic parameters and the mechanical property was conducted. The highest coefficient of determination was found for a linear combination model of UTV and BUA. It is hypothesized that the improvement in the predictive ability of this model in comparison to the univariate models is due to the two ultrasonic parameters measuring different components of the trabecular bone.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":159783,"journal":{"name":"1993 IEEE Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117030145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
The speed of focal attention in early vision 早期视力集中注意力的速度
1993 IEEE Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference Pub Date : 1993-03-18 DOI: 10.1109/NEBC.1993.404371
R. Curry, G. Hung, J. Wilder, B. Julesz
{"title":"The speed of focal attention in early vision","authors":"R. Curry, G. Hung, J. Wilder, B. Julesz","doi":"10.1109/NEBC.1993.404371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEBC.1993.404371","url":null,"abstract":"Previous investigations reported the speed of focal attention to be at least as fast as 33.3 msec per item (for 1-4 items displayed serially). In this study, the speed of presentation was increased to 16.7 msec per item (RS-170 standard field rates) using an advanced digital real-time image video system. Four observers participated in this study. Performance was based on the percentage of correct responses. Using stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs) of 16.7, 33.3, and 50 msec, the authors found that performance decreased with faster SOAs. All subjects performed well above the theoretical chance level, even for four objects displayed in a sequence. Therefore, the authors conclude that the speed of focal attention is at least 12 times as fast as the saccadic scanning rate of the human eye.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":159783,"journal":{"name":"1993 IEEE Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124527688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An ECG synchronization circuit for real-time infrared imaging of epicardial coronary vessels 心外膜冠状血管实时红外成像的心电同步电路
1993 IEEE Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference Pub Date : 1993-03-18 DOI: 10.1109/NEBC.1993.404435
Y.H. Liu, B. Nearing, S. Oesterle, R. Verrier
{"title":"An ECG synchronization circuit for real-time infrared imaging of epicardial coronary vessels","authors":"Y.H. Liu, B. Nearing, S. Oesterle, R. Verrier","doi":"10.1109/NEBC.1993.404435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEBC.1993.404435","url":null,"abstract":"Trigger circuitry designed to synchronize a real-time infrared (IR) imager with the electrocardiogram (ECG) is presented. This synchronization (SYNC) circuit enables the IR imager to acquire a sequence of images at a fixed point in the cardiac cycle, a capability essential for measurement of epicardial coronary vessel diameter. The P wave was used as a trigger signal to test the performance of the SYNC circuit. However, other electrical signals, such as the R wave or aortic BP signals, can be chosen as trigger signals. As an extension to this circuit, a timer can be used to delay the output signal of the SYNC circuit to capture images a few milliseconds after the trigger signal.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":159783,"journal":{"name":"1993 IEEE Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126484595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Nonlinear observers: An application to the spread of an epidemic 非线性观测器:应用于流行病的传播
1993 IEEE Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference Pub Date : 1993-03-18 DOI: 10.1109/NEBC.1993.404408
S. Mentzelopoulou, G. Antoniou, B. Friedland
{"title":"Nonlinear observers: An application to the spread of an epidemic","authors":"S. Mentzelopoulou, G. Antoniou, B. Friedland","doi":"10.1109/NEBC.1993.404408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEBC.1993.404408","url":null,"abstract":"The authors point out that the progress of an epidemic can be modeled by a mathematical process. In order to apply the required mathematical control engineering techniques, all the variables of the mathematical model describing the epidemic process have to be available from measurements. In the case where a variable or a parameter is not available for measurement, an observer has to be designed for estimating the unavailable state or parameter. For a nonlinear process, representing the spread of an epidemic, a nonlinear observer for estimating the rate at which susceptibles will develop the disease and become infective is proposed. The structure of the observer is simple and the simulations verify its good performance. Simulation results show good performance of the designed observer under noisy measurements and its ability to give an accurate estimate even in the case where the dynamical model is somewhat inaccurate.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":159783,"journal":{"name":"1993 IEEE Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128139235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A multiresolution technique for 3-D image compression 三维图像压缩的多分辨率技术
1993 IEEE Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference Pub Date : 1993-03-18 DOI: 10.1109/NEBC.1993.404422
P. Caputo, P. Moulin, S. Dunn
{"title":"A multiresolution technique for 3-D image compression","authors":"P. Caputo, P. Moulin, S. Dunn","doi":"10.1109/NEBC.1993.404422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEBC.1993.404422","url":null,"abstract":"The compression of 3-D digital images, such as those obtained from magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography, for efficient storage and transmission of data is discussed. Although there is a trade off between compression and resolution, it is believed that a substantial decrease in the number of voxels (volume elements) will not noticeably degrade the 3-D image. As a result, to the clinician, the efficacy of the image will not be changed, but the amount of bytes needed to represent the image will be decreased. A multiresolution image representation is used as a basis for constructing an approximation to the original image, and this method is based on 3-dimensional, separable splines. A multiresolution algorithm that computes the solution to the approximation problem in O(log N), on a single-instruction, multiple-data architecture (SIMD) is being developed. SIMD is a fine grain parallel architecture and N is the number of voxels in the original image.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":159783,"journal":{"name":"1993 IEEE Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122271429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Parametric spectral analysis of the phrenic neurogram during hypercapnia, carotid nerve stimulation, and gasping using autoregressive method 用自回归方法分析高碳酸血症、颈动脉神经刺激和喘息时膈神经图的参数谱
1993 IEEE Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference Pub Date : 1993-03-18 DOI: 10.1109/NEBC.1993.404390
M. Akay, J. Neubauer, J. Melton, W. Welkowitz, N. Edelman
{"title":"Parametric spectral analysis of the phrenic neurogram during hypercapnia, carotid nerve stimulation, and gasping using autoregressive method","authors":"M. Akay, J. Neubauer, J. Melton, W. Welkowitz, N. Edelman","doi":"10.1109/NEBC.1993.404390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEBC.1993.404390","url":null,"abstract":"The modified Yule-Walker (MYW) autoregressive (AR) method was used to analyze the frequency characteristics of the phrenic neurogram during gasping, hypercapnia, carotid sinus nerve (CSN) stimulation, and eupnea. The results of the analysis indicate that the transition from eupnea to gasping is characterized by loss of a midfrequency peak in the phrenic power spectrum and the appearance of a low-frequency peak which was not apparent during eupnea. Similar changes in phrenic nerogram frequency spectra were not seen during hypercapnia or CSN stimulation, suggesting that phrenic stimulation per se is not the cause of the spectral changes seen during gasping. These findings suggest that the spectral characteristics of gasping, loss of MFO peak, and appearance of a new peak at 25 Hz are unique to gasping. These findings are consistent with the idea that there is a synchronization of neural firing at a frequency of 20-25 Hz during gasping. This frequency is low compared to maximal firing rates achievable during eupnea but may represent the maximum neuronal firing rate achievable under the severe hypoxic conditions of these experiments.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":159783,"journal":{"name":"1993 IEEE Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133282494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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