{"title":"Geometric Design of Pure Rolling Rack and Pinion Mechanisms","authors":"Zhen Chen, M. Zeng, A. Fuentes-Aznar","doi":"10.1115/detc2019-97256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97256","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The study of different types of pure rolling rack and pinion mechanisms is presented. They are designed based on the active design of the meshing line to provide pure rolling for the whole cycle of meshing. Parametric equations for contact curves on the rack and pinion are determined by coordinate transformation of the meshing line equations. Moreover, parametric equations for the tooth surfaces of the rack and pinion of three types of meshing, including the convex-to-concave meshing, convex-to-plane meshing, and convex-to-convex meshing are derived according to the motion of generatrices along the calculated contact curves. Then, the basic design parameters are analyzed and formulas for calculation of the geometric size are given. The contact ratio of rack and pinion mechanisms can be designed to be higher than one, which satisfies the condition for the continuous transmission of gears. At last, a numerical simulation is conducted to validate the kinematic performance. This paper lays the foundation for further research of pure rolling rack and pinion mechanisms, their manufacture technology and strength design criterion.","PeriodicalId":159554,"journal":{"name":"Volume 10: 2019 International Power Transmission and Gearing Conference","volume":"151 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114378611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tooth Root Shape Optimization of Thin-Rimmed Planet Gears","authors":"Chao Chen-Xiang, D. Bestle, D. Krüger","doi":"10.1115/detc2019-97345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97345","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Planetary gearboxes in highly sophisticated applications such as turbofan engines are required to have a high power-to-weight ratio and excellent reliability. Hence, thin-rimmed gear units need to be designed as compact as possible which, however, is usually limited by the tooth root load capacity. In order to come up with the best design, a tooth root shape optimization process is developed for thin-rimmed planet gears.","PeriodicalId":159554,"journal":{"name":"Volume 10: 2019 International Power Transmission and Gearing Conference","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122387790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Research on Transmission Error Test and Analysis of RV Reducer","authors":"Z. Zhu, Jing Zhang","doi":"10.1115/detc2019-97237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97237","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Aiming at exactly measuring the transmission error of RV reducer, a set of test device is developed and the data acquisition and processing program is designed using LabVIEW. RV reducers from imported and domestic brands are tested and the test results are compared. The test data is also processed by the filtering method, and the result can show the main source of the transmission error, which providing a reliable reference in the process of optimization design and improving of manufacture technics.","PeriodicalId":159554,"journal":{"name":"Volume 10: 2019 International Power Transmission and Gearing Conference","volume":"272 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122766448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study on Path Planning of Involute Tooth Surface Milling With General Cutting Tool","authors":"Zhaoyao Shi, Zhipeng Feng, Peng Wang","doi":"10.1115/detc2019-97156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97156","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Milling involute tooth surface with universal cutting tool overcomes the difficult problem of customizing tool for nonstandard gear machining. It is difficult for gear manufacturers to gain an advantage in market competition because of the long cycle of customized cutting tools. In this paper, the milling path of involute tooth surface by a general cutting tool is studied, and how to obtain the uniform surface roughness of involute tooth surface and the cutting path scheme of cutting tool is discussed. The key point of this paper is to put forward the scheme of tool path in the milling process. The end profile of involute gear is modeled by an analytic method, and the equidistant contour of the profile of involute gear is established by using the principle of normal deviation, which provides an accurate position point for the cutting tool.","PeriodicalId":159554,"journal":{"name":"Volume 10: 2019 International Power Transmission and Gearing Conference","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126432943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Loaded Tooth Contact Pattern Analysis for Strain Wave Gear With Non-Elliptical Wave Generator","authors":"Zhiyuan Yu","doi":"10.1115/detc2019-97464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97464","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper presents a new non-elliptical wave generator for strain wave gear to improve its contact pattern quality. The new wave generator has a polynomial profile at one cross section, then crowned along the lead direction. The lead crowning uses a parabolic function with crowning amount controlled by parabolic coefficient. Loaded tooth contact pattern analysis based on finite element method is used to evaluate the new design. The result shows that the new design will avoid the edge contact between wave generator and flexspline, which reduces contact pressure and improve the wearing life of the gear. It also improves the contact pattern quality of the tooth surface. Comparing with elliptical wave generator, the new wave generator with polynomial profile and lead parabolic crowned surface offers more design freedom to improve strain wave gear’s performance. The parametric equation of the new wave generator is defined intuitively, and it can be easily adapted for any type of strain wave gear. Furthermore, the finite element model for the strain wave gear is a new development and application for Loaded Tooth Contact Analysis (LTCA).","PeriodicalId":159554,"journal":{"name":"Volume 10: 2019 International Power Transmission and Gearing Conference","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124897698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yi-Pei Shih, Shih-hung Lo, Bor-Tyng Sheen, Y. Tsai
{"title":"Precision Evaluation for Cycloidal Gears","authors":"Yi-Pei Shih, Shih-hung Lo, Bor-Tyng Sheen, Y. Tsai","doi":"10.1115/detc2019-97327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97327","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Cycloidal gear drives have advantages of compact sizes, large reduction ratios, and low backlash. They are particularly suitable for applications in precise positioning and large output torque, such as industrial robots and machine tools. Up to now, the effective precision evaluation of cycloidal gears is lacked in commercial measuring devices. The main goal of this paper is to propose precision evaluation for cycloidal gears. The research focuses on (1) establishing a mathematical model of cycloidal gear and (2) developing a method for precision evaluation of cycloidal gear. The evaluation items cover the following areas of tooth profile and thickness errors, pitch errors, accumulation pitch errors and runout. The profile points measured by a coordinate measuring machine are divided into tooth groups and then formulated as curves using a B-spline curve fitting technique. The precision of cycloidal gear can be further evaluated. A case study on Nabtesco RV-25N is displayed to verified the correctness of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":159554,"journal":{"name":"Volume 10: 2019 International Power Transmission and Gearing Conference","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127986534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Numerical Model to Predict Dynamic Performance of Layered Gears at Starved Lubrication","authors":"Qingbing Dong, Jing-hua Wei, Yan Li, Lixin Xu","doi":"10.1115/detc2019-97276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97276","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Gears of modern industry are required to have a good fatigue performance to transmit power and motion through the contact interfaces. Composite layered surfaces can effectively improve the damage resistance of gears and decrease the friction coefficients. However, improper surface modification may induce intensive stress concentrations at the joint interfaces of the strengthening layers and cause unexpected damages to the flanks. Furthermore, the amount of lubricant at the inlet may probably be insufficient to establish fully flooded condition, which may result in starvation and accelerate damages to the gear sets.\u0000 In this study, a starved elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) model in three-dimensional (3D) line contact for layered gears is developed. The potential energy method is employed to determine the load distribution along the action line. The loading force is assumed to be balanced by the lubrication pressure, which is derived by discretizing the dimensional Reynolds equation into a solvable matrix with the consideration of the enforced boundary conditions due to the inlet oil supply. The transient evolution of lubrication is investigated to evaluate the load-carrying capability of the lubricant film at various starvation conditions. The influence coefficients related to the displacements and stresses of the layered material system are determined with the assistance of the fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm, and the effects of the layer properties and the fabrication methods are evaluated. Such analysis may provide insightful information for the optimization of material systems with fabricated layers and engineering design of gears.","PeriodicalId":159554,"journal":{"name":"Volume 10: 2019 International Power Transmission and Gearing Conference","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130559328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Closed Form Calculation of Lead Flank Modification Proposal for Spur and Helical Gear Stages","authors":"U. Weinberger, M. Otto, K. Stahl","doi":"10.1115/detc2019-97993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97993","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Due to the growing need for gearboxes to be as lightweight and efficient as possible, it is most important that the gear mesh’s potential is utilized as well as possible. One way of doing that is to define a flank modification that optimally distributes the load over the flank. Best practice for defining a flank modification is to manually check out the load distribution and to define a value of the flank modification. In general, this is an iterative method to get an optimally distributed load. This method can also be automated. To do this, the deformations of the gearbox (shafts, bearings, gear mesh) are calculated. With those results a modification proposal is calculated and applied to the calculation model. As soon as the values for the next additional modification proposal drop under a certain limit, the iteration is finished. This method consumes time and computing power. Additionally, since it is an iteration, does not always converge. A new method for calculating the lead flank modification for all gear stages in the gearbox to be calculated is presented in this paper. The method shown in this paper uses additional degrees of freedom and equations, which are integrated into the linear equation system of the gearbox model. Those degrees of freedom and the equations apply the boundary condition to the model of a constant load distribution. By introducing additional factors in the equations, it is possible to calculate a lead flank modification for an arbitrary load distribution. By integrating these additional degrees of freedom and the equations, only one additional calculation is needed to get a modification proposal. Examples throughout this paper show the results of this method.","PeriodicalId":159554,"journal":{"name":"Volume 10: 2019 International Power Transmission and Gearing Conference","volume":"116 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132236596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimization Design and Analysis for Pre-Shift Control Parameters of Wet Dual Clutch Transmissions Based on Dynamic Modeling of Synchronizer","authors":"Ke-li Zheng, Jianjun Hu, Bangzhi Wu, Yin Wang","doi":"10.1115/detc2019-97324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97324","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The DCTs have increased in prevalence for achieving power uninterrupted shifting and pre-shift process significantly influences the DCTs shift quality. Research on the multistage and nonlinear characteristics of the gear preselect process is not comprehensive so that there are shortcomings such as high impact, long synchronization time and poor economy. In view of above detrimental phenomenon, control parameters optimization is conducted in order to realize fast, smooth and economic pre-shifting on the basis of analyzing the sensitivity of the factors affecting pre-shift process. Considering the engagement of sleeve, synchro ring and dog gear, the multi-body dynamics theory is applied to establish an accurate synchronizer dynamics model. Based on the model, simulations are conducted to confirm factors like sleeve mass, cone angle fluctuating the pre-shift quickness and smoothness, sorting structure parameters according to factors sensitivity. Furthermore, the formula of energy loss characteristics relating to two control parameters which are pre-shift force and pre-shift trigger time is obtained, deriving from exploring the hydraulic loss caused by pre-shift force and the drag torque energy loss created by pre-shift trigger time. The optimal synchronizer structure parameters are obtained by adopting multi-objective optimization method. Simulation results indicate the optimal control parameters improve pre-shift comprehensive performance including quickness, smoothness and economy compared with conventional scheme.","PeriodicalId":159554,"journal":{"name":"Volume 10: 2019 International Power Transmission and Gearing Conference","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116298359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Černe, D. Zorko, J. Duhovnik, J. Tavčar, R. Zavbi
{"title":"Flash Temperature Analysis Method for Polymer Gears With Consideration of Deviations in Meshing Kinematics","authors":"B. Černe, D. Zorko, J. Duhovnik, J. Tavčar, R. Zavbi","doi":"10.1115/detc2019-97824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97824","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The presented work describes a computational method for carrying out a detailed and thorough examination of the flash temperature rise (i.e. the local ‘instantaneous’ temperature increase on a contact interface, due to frictional effects) present on the tooth flanks of a polymer gear pair, composed of a combination of POM and PA66 thermoplastics, during a given meshing cycle. The method involves a decoupled sequential procedure, where first the mechanical response of the gear teeth during a whole meshing cycle is analyzed using finite element analysis and, subsequently, a semi-analytical thermal analysis procedure is employed, with which the local flash temperature rise under a given tooth-pair contact can be evaluated. The method provides an accurate reproduction of the actual thermo-mechanical processes taking place at the gear teeth contact interfaces and allows for an investigation of the influence of deviations in the gear flank geometry and gear tolerances, while retaining a manageable enough form for application with moderate computational resources.","PeriodicalId":159554,"journal":{"name":"Volume 10: 2019 International Power Transmission and Gearing Conference","volume":"400 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131784954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}