Proceedings of the 17th International Symposium on Open Collaboration最新文献_第2页

From Open Science to Open Source (and beyond): A Historical Perspective on Open Practices without and with IT 从开放科学到开源(以及其他):从历史角度看没有IT和有IT的开放实践

Proceedings of the 17th International Symposium on Open Collaboration Pub Date : 2021-09-15 DOI: 10.1145/3479986.3479990

Bastian Wolff, D. Schlagwein

{"title":"From Open Science to Open Source (and beyond): A Historical Perspective on Open Practices without and with IT","authors":"Bastian Wolff, D. Schlagwein","doi":"10.1145/3479986.3479990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3479986.3479990","url":null,"abstract":"Openness as organizational philosophy and theoretical concept has continuously gained importance over the past decades. While the adoption of open practices such as open-source development or crowdsourcing is primarily academically observed in the 20th and 21st century, organizational practices adopting or facilitating openness have already been applied before there was an understanding what openness actually depicts. For centuries, public and private stakeholders utilized a broad variety of open practices such as open science, industrial exhibitions, solution sourcing or industrial democracy in order to achieve certain anticipated effects – fully in the absence of IT. Due to the missing historical understanding, this paper provides a first holistic historical perspective on the emergence of open practices, considering the context of the political, technological and societal developments. Utilizing a structured literature review, the paper puts a special focus on the historical narrative and the connection between openness without and with IT. The paper concludes that open practices are not a recent phenomenon, but were already applied successfully by affected stakeholders in previous centuries, whereas applied open practices partly build upon each other and show resembling patterns. Historically, two central shifts are identified: (1) a shift from government-driven towards organization- and community-driven open practices, and (2) a shift from mainly transparency-oriented open practices towards a stronger utilization of inclusion.","PeriodicalId":159312,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 17th International Symposium on Open Collaboration","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124373893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Proceedings of the 17th International Symposium on Open Collaboration 第十七届开放合作国际学术研讨会论文集

Proceedings of the 17th International Symposium on Open Collaboration Pub Date : 2021-09-15 DOI: 10.1145/3479986

引用次数: 0

Equal opportunities in the access to quality online health information? A multi-lingual study on Wikipedia 获得高质量在线健康信息的平等机会?维基百科的多语种研究

Proceedings of the 17th International Symposium on Open Collaboration Pub Date : 2021-09-15 DOI: 10.1145/3479986.3480000

Luis Couto, C. Lopes

{"title":"Equal opportunities in the access to quality online health information? A multi-lingual study on Wikipedia","authors":"Luis Couto, C. Lopes","doi":"10.1145/3479986.3480000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3479986.3480000","url":null,"abstract":"Wikipedia is a free, multilingual, and collaborative online encyclopedia. Nowadays, it is one of the largest sources of online knowledge, often appearing at the top of the results of the major search engines, being one of the most sought-after resources by the public searching for health information. The collaborative nature of Wikipedia raises security concerns since this information is used for decision-making, especially in the health area. Despite being available in hundreds of idioms, there are asymmetries between idioms, namely regarding their quality. In this work, we compare the quality of health information on Wikipedia between idioms with 100 million native speakers or more, and also in Greek, Italian, Korean, Turkish, Persian, Catalan and Hebrew, for historical tradition. Quality metrics are applied to health and medical articles in English, maintained by WikiProject Medicine, and their versions in the above idioms. With this, we contribute to a clarification of the role of Wikipedia in the access to health information. We demonstrate differences in both the quantity and quality of information available between idioms. English is the idiom with the highest quality in general. Urdu, Greek, Indonesian, and Hindi achieved lower values of quality.","PeriodicalId":159312,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 17th International Symposium on Open Collaboration","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121608965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Measuring Wikipedia Article Quality in One Dimension by Extending ORES with Ordinal Regression 用有序回归扩展ORES在一维上度量维基百科文章质量

Proceedings of the 17th International Symposium on Open Collaboration Pub Date : 2021-08-15 DOI: 10.1145/3479986.3479991

Nathan TeBlunthuis

{"title":"Measuring Wikipedia Article Quality in One Dimension by Extending ORES with Ordinal Regression","authors":"Nathan TeBlunthuis","doi":"10.1145/3479986.3479991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3479986.3479991","url":null,"abstract":"Organizing complex peer production projects and advancing scientific knowledge of open collaboration each depend on the ability to measure quality. Wikipedia community members and academic researchers have used article quality ratings for purposes like tracking knowledge gaps and studying how political polarization shapes collaboration. Even so, measuring quality presents many methodological challenges. The most widely used systems use quality assesements on discrete ordinal scales, but such labels can be inconvenient for statistics and machine learning. Prior work handles this by assuming that different levels of quality are “evenly spaced” from one another. This assumption runs counter to intuitions about degrees of effort needed to raise Wikipedia articles to different quality levels. I describe a technique extending the Wikimedia Foundations’ ORES article quality model to address these limitations. My method uses weighted ordinal regression models to construct one-dimensional continuous measures of quality. While scores from my technique and from prior approaches are correlated, my approach improves accuracy for research datasets and provides evidence that the “evenly spaced” assumption is unfounded in practice on English Wikipedia. I conclude with recommendations for using quality scores in future research and include the full code, data, and models.","PeriodicalId":159312,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 17th International Symposium on Open Collaboration","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121207692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4