International Congress on Laser Advanced Materials Processing最新文献

{"title":"Interaction of both plasmas in CO2 laser-MAG hybrid welding of carbon steel","authors":"M. Kutsuna, Liang Chen","doi":"10.1117/12.497773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.497773","url":null,"abstract":"Researches and developments of laser and arc hybrid welding has been curried out since in 1978. Especially, CO2 laser and TIG hybrid welding has been studied for increasing the penetration depth and welding speed. Recently laser and MIG/MAG/Plasma hybrid welding processes have been developed and applied to industries. It was recognized as a new welding process that promote the flexibility of the process for increasing the penetration depth, welding speed and allowable joint gap and improving the quality of the welds. In the present work, CO2 Laser-MAG hybrid welding of carbon steel (SM490) was investigated to make clear the phenomenon and characteristics of hybrid welding process comparing with laser welding and MAG process. The effects of many process parameters such as welding current, arc voltage, welding speed, defocusing distance, laser-to-arc distance on penetration depth, bead shape, spatter, arc stability and plasma formation were investigated in the present work. Especially, the interaction of laser plasma and MAG arc plasma was considered by changing the laser to arc distance (=DLA).","PeriodicalId":159280,"journal":{"name":"International Congress on Laser Advanced Materials Processing","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121210356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High power laser diode and application","authors":"H. Kan, H. Miyajima, S. Furuta, Hideki Suzuki, T. Uchiyama, S. Oishi, T. Kanzaki, T. Hiruma","doi":"10.1117/12.497972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.497972","url":null,"abstract":"In general, an electrical to optical power conversion efficiency for a high power LD ranges from 40 to 50%. Therefore, 50 to 60% of the input electricity is transformed into heat. The generated heat degrades the LD's optical characteristics and their lifetimes dramatically. We must not only suppress the heat generation but also remove the heat effectively from the LDs. Several years ago we proposed \"FUNRYU\", a water cooled heat sink. The sink has great advantages, due to its simpler structure than a micro channel cooler, in terms of cost, productivity, and water pressure.","PeriodicalId":159280,"journal":{"name":"International Congress on Laser Advanced Materials Processing","volume":"4831 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129069293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel adaptive laser processing system for flying optics","authors":"Quanzhong Zhao, Zhaogu Cheng, Haijun Gao, Huijie Huang","doi":"10.1117/12.497930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.497930","url":null,"abstract":"The focusing characteristics of higher-order mode Gaussian beams in flying optics were investigated in detail. On the basis, a novel adaptive laser processing system for flying optics was developed. In the system, a lens with long focal length and two adaptive deformable mirrors controlled by hydraulic were employed. The lens was near the laser source for some distance and the two adaptive mirrors were integrated together with parabolic focusing mirror. The system has the advantages of compact structure and easy control. The system can keep the focus position and the focus radius constant for long distance laser processing.","PeriodicalId":159280,"journal":{"name":"International Congress on Laser Advanced Materials Processing","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115269026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Welding properties of thin steel sheets by laser-arc hybrid welding: laser focused arc welding","authors":"M. Ono, Y. Shinbo, A. Yoshitake, Masanori Ohmura","doi":"10.1117/12.497756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.497756","url":null,"abstract":"Laser-arc hybrid welding combines the laser and arc welding processes to provide advantages not found in either. This process can weld lapped steel sheets that have a larger gap than is possible with laser welding. Blowholes form when lap-welding zinc-coated steel sheets because of the zinc that is vaporized. The laser-arc hybrid welding process can lap-weld zinc-coated steel sheets without causing blowholes. The welding speed of laser-arc hybrid welding is nearly equivalent to that of laser welding. Laser-arc hybrid welding produces high-quality lap joints and is ideal for assembly welding of automotive parts.","PeriodicalId":159280,"journal":{"name":"International Congress on Laser Advanced Materials Processing","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115710960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Designed materials: what and how","authors":"J. Mazumder, D. Dutta, Amit K. Ghosh, N. Kikuchi","doi":"10.1117/12.497593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.497593","url":null,"abstract":"Quest for a material to suit the service performance is almost as old as human civilization. So far materials engineers have developed a series of alloys, polymers, ceramics, and composites to serve many of the performance requirements in a modern society. However, challenges appear when one needs to satisfy more than one boundary condition. For example, a component with negative Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE) using a ductile metal was almost impossible until recently. Synthesis of various technologies such as Direct Metal Deposition (DMD) Homogenization Design Method (HDM) and mutli material Computer Aided Design (CAD) was necessary to achieve this goal. Rapid fabrication of three-dimensional shapes of engineering materials such as H13 tool steel and nickel super alloys are now possible using Direct Materials Deposition (DMD) technique as well as similar techniques such as Light Engineered New Shaping (LENS) or Directed Light Fabrication (DLF). However, DMD has closed loop capability that enables better dimension and thermal cycle control. This enables one to deposit different material at different pixels with a given height directly from a CAD drawing. The feedback loop also controls the thermal cycle. H13 tool steel is one of the difficult alloys for deposition due to residual stress accumulation from martensitic transformation. However, it is the material of choice for the die and tool industry. DMD has demonstrated successful fabrication of complicated shapes and dies and tools, even with H13 alloys. This process also offers copper chill blocks and water-cooling channels as the integral part of the tool. On the other hand ZrO2 was co-deposited with nickel super alloys using DMD. Flexibility of the process is enormous and essentially it is an enabling technology to marterialize many a design. Using DMD in conjunction with HDM and multi-material CAD, one can produce components with predetermined performance such as negative co-efficient of expansion, by synthesis of designed microstructure. This paper briefly reviews the state of the art of DMD and describes the synthesis of three core technologies to produce designed materials with desired performance.","PeriodicalId":159280,"journal":{"name":"International Congress on Laser Advanced Materials Processing","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114901003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrosion resistant nickel superalloy coatings laser-clad with a 6 kW high power diode laser (HPDL)","authors":"J. Tuominen, M. Honkanen, Jari Hovikorpi, J. Vihinen, P. Vuoristo, T. Maentylae","doi":"10.1117/12.497958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.497958","url":null,"abstract":"A series of exerpiments were performed to investigate the one-step laser cladding of Inconel 625 powder, injected off-axially onto Fe37 and 42CrMo4 substrates. The experiments were carried out using a 6 kW high power diode laser (HPDL) mounted to a 6 axis robot system. The rectangular shape of the delivering beam was focused to a spot size of 22 x 5 mm on the work piece. The coating samples were produced using different levels of powder feed rate (77 - 113 g/min), traveling speed (300 - 400 mm/min) and laser power (4.8 - 6 kW). Hot corrosion resistance of laser-clad Inconel 625 coatings were tested in Na2SO4 - V2O5 at 650°C for 1000 hours. Wet corrosion properties of the obtained coatings were tested in immersion tests in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution. Diode laser power of 6 kW (808 and 940 nm) was high enough to produce 20 mm wide laser-clad tracks with a thickness of 2.5 mm in a single pass, when powder feed rate was more than 6 kg/h and traverse speed was 400 mm/min. Wet corrosion properties of laser-clad Inconel 625 coatings were found to be superior to sprayed and welded coatings. Hot corrosion resistance was even slightly better than corresponding wrought alloy. Finally, one-step HPDL cladding was demonstrated in coating of shaft for hydraulic cylinder with Inconel 625 powder. Due to high coating quality, high deposition rate and traverse speed HPDL devices are very promising for large area cladding applications.","PeriodicalId":159280,"journal":{"name":"International Congress on Laser Advanced Materials Processing","volume":"319 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125168763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Welding characteristics of Inconel alloys with YAG laser beams","authors":"K. Yae, Kousei Takahashi, M. Uemura","doi":"10.1117/12.497885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.497885","url":null,"abstract":"It is difficult for heat resisting alloys to be welded together, and a few data on welding of Inconel that represents Ni-base heat resisting alloys have been reported, although there is an active demand for the complicated form processing of these alloys. In this study, each pair of Inconel 713C and Inconel 718 plates was butted and was welded with YAG laser beams through a quartz glass in the atmospheres of the air, of a vacuum and argon. Multi-pulse laser beams were irradiated to the material with different laser outputs. Four-point bending tests were performed to evaluate the welding characteristics. By considering the experimental results, appropriate conditions for welding Inconel were found as follows: It is possible to weld Inconel materials under the condition of a short pulse width on the side of biggest pulse energy without occurring the blow in the welding surface. It is unable to weld Inconel 713C in the atmosphere of the air or of a vacuum, although it is possible to weld it in argon. It is possible to weld Inconel 718 in the air or in argon, however it is unable to weld it in a vacuum because of the blow of welding surface.","PeriodicalId":159280,"journal":{"name":"International Congress on Laser Advanced Materials Processing","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123494616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of parameters in diode laser welding of steel sheets","authors":"V. Kujanpaeae, P. Maaranen, Tapio Kostamo","doi":"10.1117/12.497964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.497964","url":null,"abstract":"Austenitic stainless steel sheets and ordinary cold-rolled carbon steel sheets with variable thickness were welded with 1 kW diode laser. Different weld joints were utilized. The optimal parameters for each case were determined. The joints were examined by metallography and mechanical testing. The results show that diode laser is an optimal tool for sheet metal welding, when a considerable narrow weld is aimed. The edges prepared by mechanical sheering are acceptable as the joint preparation. The tensile strength and ductility of all the joints were acceptable and on the same level or better than that of base metal. The shielding gas seems to play a much higher role than in conventional laser welding (CO2 or Nd:YAG laser welding). When using the non-oxidizing shielding gas (nitrogen or argon), the welding speed to be reached is much slower than when welding without any shielding gas. This is probably due to the increase of absorption by oxygen.","PeriodicalId":159280,"journal":{"name":"International Congress on Laser Advanced Materials Processing","volume":"34 7-8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131714633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fast and innovative determination of parameters for steel hardening with high power diode lasers","authors":"S. Bonss, G. Goebel, M. Seifert, B. Brenner, E. Beyer","doi":"10.1117/12.497961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.497961","url":null,"abstract":"Laser Beam Hardening with High Power Diode Lasers is presented as an excellent method for local heat treatment and minimum distortion. An overview is given about several strategies for local heat treatment and different industrial applications. Precise measuring and controlling of the surface temperature makes the process very reliable and is an essential tool for industrial users. To keep a constant penetration of the hardening zone at constant surface temperatures the feed rate can be adapted to local heat flow conditions. A former postprocessor of Fraunhofer IWS generates a CNC-program for the treatment and changes the feed rate in dependence of the surface shape. The new processor additionally considers local heat flow variations of a part caused by boreholes, grooves and changing local thickness. The processing is very fast and can be applied for solving daily problems of laser beam hardening. Some examples show the performance of the new postprocessor.","PeriodicalId":159280,"journal":{"name":"International Congress on Laser Advanced Materials Processing","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130341455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High power diode laser welding of metal catalytic coverters","authors":"A. Salminen, R. Lylykangas, H. Tuomola","doi":"10.1117/12.503144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.503144","url":null,"abstract":"The requirements set for modern car exhaust purity is ever higher due to this the design of environmentally friendlier car is ever more difficult. The metallic catalytic converter consists of catalytic metal core and outer tube. It has advantages over to the ceramic convertes by the flexibility of the converter design, but suffers from the higher manufacturing cost. This study concentrates on the development of joint between the catalytic core of the converter and the outer tube structure. A comparative study was performed between CO2-, Nd:YAG- and HPDL laser welding in respect of productivity, investment and weld quality. The results reached with each laser were of higher quality than arc welding. However the heat conduction limited welding turned out to be more suitable for welding this application than the keyhole welding mode. With diode laser welding the joining can be performed with the heat conduction mode welding. An analysis of advantages and restrictions was performed for each welding process.","PeriodicalId":159280,"journal":{"name":"International Congress on Laser Advanced Materials Processing","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133351394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}