Commonwealth Youth and Development最新文献_第3页

Covid-19 and Post-burial Rituals of the Sotho People in Gwanda South Province in Zimbabwe 2019冠状病毒病与津巴布韦南瓜达省索托人的葬礼

Commonwealth Youth and Development Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.25159/2663-6549/11823

V. Matiza, Nokuthula Sebata

{"title":"Covid-19 and Post-burial Rituals of the Sotho People in Gwanda South Province in Zimbabwe","authors":"V. Matiza, Nokuthula Sebata","doi":"10.25159/2663-6549/11823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25159/2663-6549/11823","url":null,"abstract":"The Sotho cultural group of the Gwanda South area in Zimbabwe is a traditional, close-knitted speech community that significantly relies on Indigenous knowledge systems to sustain communal alliances that aid their day-to-day lifestyles. The advent of the coronavirus disease (Covid-19) in 2019 ushered in a significant re-shuffle on how pre-burial, during burial and post-burial rituals—necessary for social cohesion and harmony—are conducted among this ethnic group. The pandemic was a threat to the socio-cultural norms and values that are at the centre of African societies. Both the preventive and reactive measures, whether self or government imposed, had an impact on most of the Sotho burial practices or rituals that were mainly defined by collectivism. Stringent requirements on social distancing, avoidance of social gatherings, a ban on intra and inter-city travel, burying within the province where one would have died, and a ban on body viewing (among other laws) saw the hindrance of most burial rituals. This Afrocentric investigation of the post-burial practices of the Basotho people in Zimbabwe does not only strive to generate knowledge that adds to the existing scholarship, but also documents information about the significance of the burial philosophies of this previously marginalised Sotho community in Zimbabwe. The study establishes how this sudden shift, necessitated by the pandemic, negatively impacted the human dignity of the Sotho community and their mandate to protect the most vulnerable groups, including orphans, widows and the elderly. Phone call interviews were used to interview purposively sampled elderly members of the Basotho group and cultural activists in the Gwanda South region.","PeriodicalId":159147,"journal":{"name":"Commonwealth Youth and Development","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115056465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Perceived Socio-economic Contribution of Immigrants by South Africans in Durban, South Africa 南非德班的南非人对移民的社会经济贡献

Commonwealth Youth and Development Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.25159/2663-6549/10721

R. Madzamba, K. Naidoo

{"title":"Perceived Socio-economic Contribution of Immigrants by South Africans in Durban, South Africa","authors":"R. Madzamba, K. Naidoo","doi":"10.25159/2663-6549/10721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25159/2663-6549/10721","url":null,"abstract":"The paper explored perceptions of the Durban community towards immigrants’ contribution to the economy. Using purposive and snowball sampling, the study applied a cross-sectional research design in which it made use of the qualitative methodology. A sample of 20 South Africans who had been working with Zimbabweans in the Durban CBD for a minimum of five years, aged between 20–60 years, were considered for this study. The study made use of in-depth interviews as a research technique. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data and form categories of responses. Mixed feelings were shown towards immigrants’ contribution to the development of Durban, as all participants reported that immigrants in Durban are too many and there is no need for the government to allow more immigrants to come. Competition for jobs and service delivery are the main sources of conflict between immigrants and locals. The findings of this study show that immigrants are not the main contributors to crime in Durban, but they are involved in some criminal activities. As such, locals perceive the immigration laws of South Africa as not fully helping in controlling the influx of immigrants. This study recommends government, society leaders and politicians to value diversity, thus influencing community members to accept and work with immigrants peacefully. In addition, this study also recommends the need for the Department of Home Affairs to control the influx of undocumented immigrants, thereby reducing the number of immigrants on the streets.","PeriodicalId":159147,"journal":{"name":"Commonwealth Youth and Development","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117007829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Youths’ Interest in Entrepreneurship Development in Nigeria 尼日利亚青年对创业发展的兴趣

Commonwealth Youth and Development Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.25159/2663-6549/9996

A. Akinwale, Confidence Ihuoma Ibomeze

{"title":"Youths’ Interest in Entrepreneurship Development in Nigeria","authors":"A. Akinwale, Confidence Ihuoma Ibomeze","doi":"10.25159/2663-6549/9996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25159/2663-6549/9996","url":null,"abstract":"This article and study examined youths’ interest in entrepreneurship development in Nigeria. Data were collected through a systematic review of relevant literature and a structured questionnaire. The data from the questionnaire were subjected to descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings showed that 60.25% of the respondents were not aware of any government programme for entrepreneurship development. Also, 52% of the respondents did not think the government provided the necessary support for the adequate development of entrepreneurship. A total of 58.25% of the respondents expressed their intention to start up a business within three years, and 54% of the respondents believed that they had the capacity to start and run a business on their own. Youths’ perception of the role of government in the development of entrepreneurship was found to have a significantly weak and negative relationship with their intention to start up a business (r = -0.103, p < 0.05). Also, youths’ perception of the role of government in the development of entrepreneurship was found to have a significantly weak and negative relationship with their ability to start up a business (r = -0.104, p < 0.05). This indicates that youths’ interest in entrepreneurship and a willingness to start up businesses largely occur outside the framework of government support. However, this does not exonerate the government from promoting the development of entrepreneurship. Therefore, this paper contends that the Nigerian government should create a suitable environment for entrepreneurship to thrive among youths.","PeriodicalId":159147,"journal":{"name":"Commonwealth Youth and Development","volume":"17 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123733357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Double-Edged Sword Effect of Social Media on COVID-19 in Sub-Saharan Africa 社交媒体对撒哈拉以南非洲COVID-19的双刃剑效应

Commonwealth Youth and Development Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.25159/2663-6549/11252

I. Rukasha

引用次数: 0

Township Youth Unemployment in the Classical and Keynesian Perspective: A Qualitative Study of Cato Manor, Durban, South Africa 古典与凯恩斯视角下的城镇青年失业:南非德班卡托庄园的定性研究

Commonwealth Youth and Development Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.25159/2663-6549/11399

Z. Mseleku, Sibusiso Ntshiza

{"title":"Township Youth Unemployment in the Classical and Keynesian Perspective: A Qualitative Study of Cato Manor, Durban, South Africa","authors":"Z. Mseleku, Sibusiso Ntshiza","doi":"10.25159/2663-6549/11399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25159/2663-6549/11399","url":null,"abstract":"Unemployment remains a major development problem in many countries. In developing countries, such as South Africa, unemployment has increased alongside poverty and inequality levels. For governments and development stakeholders, unemployment remains a key policy concern. Evidently, youth is the main victim of unemployment, particularly in townships and rural areas. Drawing from the lenses of the classical and Keynesian perspectives, this paper critically analyses the nature of youth unemployment in Cato Manor Township, Durban, South Africa. A qualitative research approach was adopted to elicit data. Semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, and observation were conducted among the youth aged 18 to 34 years. The results indicate that job scarcity in the labour market, lack of relevant skills and qualifications, lack of relevant previous work experience, corruption, and nepotism are among the key factors sustaining youth’s vulnerability to unemployment in townships like Cato Manor. This paper concludes that youth unemployment in Cato Manor is “involuntary.” These results call for cooperation between key stakeholders to address fundamental causes of youth unemployment, including the problem of skills shortages among the township youth.","PeriodicalId":159147,"journal":{"name":"Commonwealth Youth and Development","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124809218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Social Media and the Glocalisation of SADC’s Regional Economic Integration 社会媒体与南共体区域经济一体化的全球化

Commonwealth Youth and Development Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.25159/2663-6549/11250

B. Vambe

{"title":"Social Media and the Glocalisation of SADC’s Regional Economic Integration","authors":"B. Vambe","doi":"10.25159/2663-6549/11250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25159/2663-6549/11250","url":null,"abstract":"The Constitutive Act of the African Union commits to accelerating the socio-economic integration of the continent (Art 4c) by establishing conducive conditions that would enable African economies to be linked to the global economy. The key to implementing effective integration of African economies in both the local and global networks is communication through innovative technology. This paper explores the centrality of social media platforms in growing and enabling the implementation of effective Southern African Development Community (SADC) policies on commerce, trade and economic development. Although traditional methods of exchange of information continue to be used between SADC and the global world, little appears to have been written on the capacity of social media to communicate information on trade in goods and services. Therefore, the central questions are: 1) To what extent have social media platforms enabled the flow of information regarding tradeable goods and services within SADC and between SADC and the global world; and 2) What are the future opportunities and challenges of using social media in advancing SADC commerce? Using the concept of glocalisation, this study engages the political economy of communication technology as a tradeable service, analyses the use of some selected forms of social media in advertising new economic opportunities within SADC, and debates the commoditisation of social news as a form of economic activity. The paper argues that whether social media is used for good or bad in SADC, it remains an instance of creating glocal networks that circulate economic information in ways that are opening new opportunities for and challenges to SADC regional economic integration.","PeriodicalId":159147,"journal":{"name":"Commonwealth Youth and Development","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115896613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

International Labour Organisation Convention No. 138, Article 7 and its Implementation in South African Municipal Laws: Suggested Policy Changes 国际劳工组织公约第138号，第7条及其在南非市政法律中的实施:建议的政策变化

Commonwealth Youth and Development Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.25159/2663-6549/11505

Rufaro Audrey Mavunga

引用次数: 0

Factors Influencing the Spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Africa 影响SARS-CoV-2在非洲传播的因素

Commonwealth Youth and Development Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.25159/2663-6549/11302

M. Lekalakala

引用次数: 0

Children as Participants in the Liberation Struggle: Lydia Shaketange’s Walking the Boeing 707 (2008) and Ellen Namhila’s The Price of Freedom (1997) 儿童作为解放斗争的参与者:莉迪亚·莎士比亚的《在波音707上行走》(2008)和艾伦·纳米拉的《自由的代价》(1997)

Commonwealth Youth and Development Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.25159/2663-6549/11392

N. Mlambo, Martha Nahole

{"title":"Children as Participants in the Liberation Struggle: Lydia Shaketange’s Walking the Boeing 707 (2008) and Ellen Namhila’s The Price of Freedom (1997)","authors":"N. Mlambo, Martha Nahole","doi":"10.25159/2663-6549/11392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25159/2663-6549/11392","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores how two Namibian female-authored autobiographical texts represent children as active participants in the liberation struggle. It interrogates whether children are portrayed as agents in the liberation struggle or simply objects of pity and victims in the exilic environment. The findings in this study reveal that during the liberation struggle, children were active agents and subjects. As such, the study debunks the portrayal of children as passive victims of the exilic environment, as often portrayed in some literary and academic texts. Although, to some extent, they suffer victimisation and the brutality of the struggle, the child characters in the autobiographies have proven agency by taking part in activities that enable the country to attain independence, for instance, the maintenance of the camps, working as teachers and material developers, and as nurses. It has further been revealed that children are intelligent and perseverant beings. Implicitly, they are portrayed as compassionate, assertive, full of endurance, as well as “s/heroes.” Therefore, the study re-versions the representation of children simply as weak, passive, and objects and victims of life’s historical events. The paper also argues that issues of child subjectivity in the struggle are rarely foregrounded in Namibian literary studies; hence this study has proven to be a platform to interrogate the conventional objectification of child characters in the autobiographical works of Shaketange and Namhila.","PeriodicalId":159147,"journal":{"name":"Commonwealth Youth and Development","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130095533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The Legal Complexities of Terrorism as an International Crime Following the Recruitment and Enlistment of Child Soldiers in the Cabo Delgado, Mozambique Insurgency War 在莫桑比克德尔加多角叛乱战争中招募和招募儿童兵后，恐怖主义作为国际犯罪的法律复杂性

Commonwealth Youth and Development Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.25159/2663-6549/11360

Brian Hungwe

{"title":"The Legal Complexities of Terrorism as an International Crime Following the Recruitment and Enlistment of Child Soldiers in the Cabo Delgado, Mozambique Insurgency War","authors":"Brian Hungwe","doi":"10.25159/2663-6549/11360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25159/2663-6549/11360","url":null,"abstract":"The conscription of children in military conflicts within the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region was more peculiar to the Democratic Republic of Congo after the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars subsided into peace during the late 1990s. The resurgence of child soldiers in Mozambique under a new Islamic-inspired terrorist phenomenon adds a terrifying dimension that brings legal complexities around defining terrorism and resituating it separately as a crime within the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court (ICC). The spectre of terrorism—as the current prime inducement of children into hostilities in Mozambique—has regional, political, economic and security implications, given its magnitude and recurring nature. This research is qualitative in form and its objective is broadening the understanding of terrorism, addressing the recurring recruitment of children into armed conflicts within the SADC region, and making a case for the inclusion of terrorism in the Rome Statute. This is important for the SADC, which had sloughed off the heinous side of civil wars. Research demonstrates that systemic violation of child rights takes an enormous toll on societies, given its extensive physical and psychological harm, and that often children in war-torn societies make up half the population. The findings are that the inclusion of terrorism within the scope of the ICC broadens international accountability mechanisms and acts as a deterrent for the future enlistment of children into armed conflicts.","PeriodicalId":159147,"journal":{"name":"Commonwealth Youth and Development","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127776465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0