Iran Journal of Nursing最新文献

{"title":"The Comparison of Infertility Stress and Perceived Social Support in Infertile Women and Spouses of Infertile Men","authors":"L. Amini, B. Ghorbani, B. Afshar","doi":"10.29252/IJN.32.122.80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/IJN.32.122.80","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Aims: Infertility is a stressful condition, which could adversely affect the mental health of couples. Although the diagnosis and treatment fertility may be a frustrating crisis affecting both spouses and causing mental distress, a sense of loneliness, disappointment, and lack of control, it seems that these issues are more apparent in women than men since the physical and mental burden of infertility and the consequences of the possible failure mostly falls on women. Women (especially in eastern communities and Iranian women) live in a culture in which having a child and fertility are revered more than other communities. Even when a woman is fertile and has an infertile spouse, infertility stress is experienced similarly since regardless of the cause of infertility, the outcome is eventually is childlessness. The social stigmas experienced by infertile women become more intense when they do not enjoy familial support, causing depression in these women. Therefore, the social support of these individuals could play a key role in their adaptation process to the issue of infertility. In Iran, several studies have been focused on the quality of life and psychological issues of infertile individuals, while most of these studies have investigated the psychological issues of infertile women without much regard for the spouses of infertile men. The present study aimed to compare infertility stress and perceived social support in infertile women and the spouses of the infertile men referring to Akbar Abadi Teaching Hospital in Tehran, Iran. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 164 infertile women and 93 spouses of infertile men referring to the infertility clinic of Akbar Abadi hospital in Tehran during 2015-2016. After obtaining the required permit from Iran University of Medical Sciences by the researcher and co-researcher, they visited the clinic on working days for sampling. After providing the necessary explanations to the hospital authorities and conforming to ethical principles (e.g., obtaining written consent), continuous sampling was performed until the completion of the sample size. The inclusion criteria were the Iranian nationality of the couples, infertility in only one spouse, willingness to participate in the study, absence of chronic physical diseases or known mental disorders, and no consumption of the medications affecting the nervous system by the couples. The subjects were allowed to withdraw from the study at any stages. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, Newton infertility stress inventory, and the functional social support questionnaire, which were completed in a self-report manner or with the help of the researcher, enquiring the subjects, and review of their medical records. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 16 using descriptive and inferential statistics, including Chi-square and independent t-test at the significance level of P<0.05. Results: No significant d","PeriodicalId":159095,"journal":{"name":"Iran Journal of Nursing","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131682179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Lavender Essential Oil Aromatherapy on the Anxiety of Endoscopy Candidates: A Clinical Trial","authors":"A. Monfared, M. M. Jirdehi, F. M. Ghanaei, F. Joukar, E. Leyli","doi":"10.29252/IJN.32.122.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/IJN.32.122.55","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Aims: Endoscopy causes significant anxiety in the patients in the clinical setting. Relieving anxiety through non-pharmacological methods is an important task of nurses. Nurses take the steps to reducing the anxiety of these patients before performing diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Aromatherapy is a complementary medicine technique used to alleviate anxiety. Aromatherapy involves the use of the essential oils of aromatic plants or other compounds to enhance health and recovery. Lavender essential oil is used in aromatherapy, which stimulates the parasympathetic system and induces relaxation by reducing the heart rate, respiration, and blood pressure. The present study aimed to assess the effect of aromatherapy with lavender essential oil on the preoperative anxiety of endoscopy candidates in Iran. Materials & Methods: This single-blind clinical trial was conducted at the endoscopy department of Razi Hospital in Rasht city, Iran during January 2018-August 2019. The sample population included 70 patients who were selected via convenience sampling based on the inclusion criteria and randomly divided into two groups of intervention and placebo. The inclusion criteria were the age of ≥18 years, full consciousness (relative to place, time, and surroundings), willingness to participate in the study, ability to understand and speak Persian, and endoscopy of the gastrointestinal tract for the first time. The exclusion criteria were admission for emergency endoscopy, acute pain while completing the questionnaire, active mental and anxiety disorders, mental retardation, blindness/deafness, history of eczema and allergies to plants, history of migraine/chronic headaches, olfactory disorders, use of anti-anxiety drugs and narcotics, and history of severe psychological trauma (e.g., death of relatives) around the time of endoscopy. In the sampling, nine patients were excluded from the study (six cases to eligibility on the inclusion/exclusion criteria and three cases due to withdrawal), with the attrition rate considered 11% and new samples added by drawing lots. The study the of Clinical Trials after the of the Ethics and Medical The researcher to the research environment and attained the required permit. After obtaining written informed consent from the subjects, data were collected using a demographic questionnaire (age, gender, education level, marital status, occupation status, type of gastrointestinal disease, length of hospital stay, history of hospitalization, and smoking habits) and Spielberger state-trait anxiety inventory. The standard anxiety questionnaire consists of 20 items, which are scored based on a Likert scale (1=Very Low, 2=Low, 3=High, 4=Very High), and the total score of the anxiety scale is within the range of 20-80; the minimum score of 20 shows no anxiety, and the maximum score of 80 shows the highest level of anxiety. severe anxiety. One hour before endoscopy, the intervention group received aromatherapy with lav","PeriodicalId":159095,"journal":{"name":"Iran Journal of Nursing","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128857661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the Education Costs of Nursing and Midwifery Students in the Autonomous Hospitals Affiliated to Iran University of Medical Sciences","authors":"T. Ghezeljeh, A. Rezapour, Tahereh Sharifi, M. S. Movahed, Abedin Teimourizad, Yaghoub Yousefi, S. mohammadpour","doi":"10.29252/ijn.32.121.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/ijn.32.121.14","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Aims: Given the clear role of education in the economic development process of countries, the economics of higher education and the move towards realizing costs have been fundamentally changed as one of the pillars of the package of \"Moving Towards Third Generation Universities\" in the Medical Education Transformation Plan. Estimation and analysis of students’ educational costs can help managers and investors of the education system make more informed decisions by providing information related to the actual performance of activity units. Given the lack of financial resources and budget and the growing increase in costs, the higher education systems have no choice but to adopt new solutions to use resources optimally and manage costs in order to survive and continue favorable activities. In universities of medical sciences affiliated to the ministry of health, a considerable part of students’ education occurs in healthcare centers under the supervision of the universities, which imposes costs on the system. With this background in mind, this study aimed to analyze the educational costs of students of nursing-midwifery school in independent hospitals of Iran University of Medical Sciences. Materials & Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional research with a retrospective design, which aimed to estimate the direct costs of nursing and midwifery students’ education based on the level of education. The participants were selected by consensus sampling and all educational groups of the nursing and midwifery school of Iran University of Medical Sciences, who had educational activities in independent healthcare training centers of the university, were entered into the study based on the curricula approved by the ministry. The research settings were Shahid Hasheminejad Hospital, Ali Asghar Children Hospital, Iran Psychiatry Hospital, Rasul-e Akram Hospital, Haft Tir Martyrs Hospital, Lolagar Hospital, Shahid Motahari Hospital, Shafa Yahyaian Hospital, Akbarabadi Hospital, Firoozabadi Hospital, and Firoozgar Hospital. The study was carried out in two stages with research, actual and direct cost accounting approach; in the first stage, we conducted a qualitative research to identify the costs of nursing and midwifery students in training hospitals affiliated to Iran University of Medical Sciences. To this end, we interviewed all heads of departments in different fields-grades in the nursing-midwifery school, managers of hospital nursing services, educational supervisors of hospitals, and clinical wards engaged in nursing-midwifery students’ education. After the interviews, the expense headings were determined by applying the content analysis method. Notably, the main variable of the research was the per capita cost of nursing and midwifery students’ training in training hospitals of Iran University of Medical Sciences based on various levels of education. A researcher-made checklist was applied in the second stage to collect information ","PeriodicalId":159095,"journal":{"name":"Iran Journal of Nursing","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129389812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Correlation of Health Literacy with Quality of Life in Asthmatic Patients","authors":"Mina Kazemi, M. Barkhordari-Sharifabad, K. Nasiriani, H. Fallahzadeh","doi":"10.29252/ijn.32.121.54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/ijn.32.121.54","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Aims: Health literacy is defined as the capacity of an individual to acquire, interpret, and comprehend basic information and health services, which largely influences health-related decision-making. Asthma is a prevalent chronic disease, which adversely affects the quality of life the patients. The present study aimed to investigate the correlation of health literacy with the quality of life of the asthmatic patients referring to the clinics affiliated to Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences in Yazd, Iran in 2018. Materials & Methods: This descriptive-correlational study was conducted on 300 patients with asthma, who were selected via simple random sampling. Data were collected using the questionnaires of demographic characteristics, quality of life, and health literacy, which completed in a self-report manner. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 16 using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The majority of the patients were female (52.3%) and married (87.3%), with the mean age of 43.9±11.08 years. The majority of the patients (73.3%) used the option of asking physicians and healthcare providers to receive the necessary information regarding their disease. The mean score of health literacy was 100.78±28.55, and the highest and lowest scores belonged to the components of evaluation (68.5) and accessibility (55.36), respectively. In addition, the health literacy of the majority of the subjects (45%) was inadequate. The mean score of the quality of life was 46.91±5.32, with the highest and lowest mean scores observed in the concerns about health (17.41±2.88) and physical dimensions (10.66±2.88), respectively. However, no significant correlations were observed between the health literacy and its components and various dimensions of the quality of life (P>0.05). Conclusion: According to the results, the level of health literacy and quality of life of the asthmatic patients were not favorable, and no significant correlations were observed between health literacy and its components with the dimensions of the quality of life. Therefore, studies are required to investigate the mediating factors that may affect these variables. Furthermore, the development of comprehensive programs, simple and understandable educational materials, and effective psychological interventions could enhance the health literacy skills and quality of life of asthmatic patients.","PeriodicalId":159095,"journal":{"name":"Iran Journal of Nursing","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115708149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of the Empowerment Program on the Chronic Sorrow of the Parents of Premature Newborn in Neonatal Intensive Care Units","authors":"H. Moradi, L. Borimnejad, N. Seyed Fatemi, H. Haghani, M Moradi","doi":"10.29252/ijn.32.121.94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/ijn.32.121.94","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Aims: Sorrow is a natural response to adverse events such as loss and birth of premature or abnormal neonates, which increases the risk of chronic physical diseases, substance abuse, and suicide if prolonged. In addition, sorrow decreases the quality of life of individuals, causing variable degrees of disability in individual and social functions. The components of chronic sorrow in the parents of premature neonates include premature birth, developmental disabilities, Down syndrome, neural tube defects (e.g., meningococcus), and chronic diseases (e.g., cancer). The parents of these neonates experience variable degrees of chronic sorrow, which in turn makes it difficult to care for and interact with the newborn. The birth of a premature neonate is the main challenge in postpartum care. In general, approximately 13 million births lead to premature birth each year. Iran has one of the highest prevalence rates of premature birth across the world, where 5,000 neonates are born daily, 12% of whom are underweight and 10-15% are born premature before 37 weeks of gestation. The birth of a newborn that needs special care causes psychologically special and shocking conditions for the parents, preventing the fulfillment of their true role as a parent. Sorrow occurs when parents find out that their newborn is 'incomplete'. Sorrow encompasses both internal phenomena (e.g., thoughts and feelings) and external phenomena in the form of behaviors related to sorrow (e.g., sadness and crying). One of the main nursing interventions in this regard involves diminishing the problems of the parents whose newborn is hospitalized in the intensive care unit through their empowerment by providing the required knowledge for the better care of admitted premature neonates, which has been highlighted within the context of family-oriented care to increase the quality of life of the neonate and families. In general, the implementation of proper nursing interventions could lead to positive outcomes for parents, reducing issues such Iran. Based on the inclusion criteria, 68 parents with premature infants admitted to the NICU were selected via convenience sampling. The stratification of the subjects to two groups was based on a time framework. Initially, the control group was samples, followed by the sampling of the intervention group. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and Kendall chronic sorrow instrument with 18 items scored based on a Likert scale, which were collected by the subjects in both groups. In the intervention group, the COPE program (four-stage educational-behavioral intervention) was carried out, and the control group received the routine care of the ward. The trainings and meetings with the parents were performed in groups of 2-4, including the mother and father, in the conference room of the ward with the permission of the head nurse by the researcher and the co-researcher. One month after the launching of the study, the questionnaire","PeriodicalId":159095,"journal":{"name":"Iran Journal of Nursing","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130460764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association of Competence and Critical Thinking in the Nurses in Imam Khomeini Hospital, Affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran","authors":"H. Jafari, T. Larijani, F. Ghadirian, H. Ghasemi","doi":"10.29252/ijn.32.121.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/ijn.32.121.28","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Aims: The growing sophistication of modern diseases demands a critical level of nursing competence, which could enhance the quality of patient care and patient satisfaction with nurses. Nursing competence is influenced by several factors, such as the clinical environment, work experience, motivation, theoretical knowledge, and personal traits of nurses. In addition, critical thinking could affect the competence of nurses. Critical thinking enables individuals to make decisions and take actions when there are no specific answers, and opposing forces influence decision-making. Critical thinking is a fundamental process for safe, efficient, and skilled nursing in various situations and is also essential to the competence of healthcare professional for the assessment, diagnosis, and effective patient care. Regardless of the correlation of these two variables, competence and critical thinking should be evaluated separately since they are vital to the management, provision, and fulfillment of healthcare services. Therefore, it is possible to ensure the quality of the healthcare services provided to patients by determining the educational needs of nurses and the area that requires improvement. The assessment of these criteria not only assists nurses and managers to be aware of the quality of the competence and critical thinking of nurses, but it also identifies their cognitive deficiencies and weaknesses for their rectification and improvement. Considering the complexity of the assessment of each of the variables of competence and critical thinking and their association in the nurses working in hospitals where many patients with special and complicated conditions refer to, the present study aimed to evaluate the association of competence and critical thinking in the nurses of Imam Khomeini Hospital affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive-correlational study was conducted in 2019 on 170 nurses at Imam Khomeini Hospital affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences, who were selected via proportionate stratified sampling. To achieve the research objectives, data were collected using the competency inventory for registered nurses (CIRN) and Ricketts' critical thinking dispositions questionnaire. The inclusion criteria were employment with a bachelor's or higher nursing degree, employment in Imam Khomeini Hospital, work experience of more than one year, no employment in managerial and executive positions, and no apprenticeship. Incomplete questionnaires were excluded from the study. The questionnaires were completed in a self-reported manner. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 16 using descriptive statistics (frequency distribution, mean, and standard deviation) and analytical statistics, including the analysis of variance (ANOVA), independent t-test, Pearson's correlation-coefficient (r), and Spearman's correlation-coefficient (ρ), Mann-Whitney U test, and","PeriodicalId":159095,"journal":{"name":"Iran Journal of Nursing","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131911436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association of Moral Distress and Demographic Characteristics in the Nurses of Critical Care Units in Tehran, Iran","authors":"N. Mohamadi, F. Fakoor, H. Haghani, S. Khanjari","doi":"10.29252/ijn.32.121.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/ijn.32.121.41","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Aims: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive, chronic disorder of the nervous system, which results in a gradual loss of ability following the attack of the immune system to the nervous system. The disease causes mortality and disability and decreases the quality of life. Caring for MS patients is an important issue and might take many years. Disease progression results in a greater need for patient care and more responsibilities of caregivers. The progressive and disabling nature of the disease affects various aspects of the patient and the care provider’s life. In fact, caregivers of these patients experience several psychological, physical, social, and economic problems (e.g., death anxiety and decreased quality of life). In addition, stress and depression are higher in care providers of MS patients, compared to other caregivers. Patients' caregivers are exposed to the process of death, pain, and fear of the patient's death during care, which may affect their quality of life. Since the quality of life of caregivers directly affects the quality of life of patients, supporting these individuals is of paramount importance. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relationship between death anxiety and quality of life in caregivers of MS patients. Materials & Methods: This descriptive, correlational study was performed on 200 MS patients, who referred to the MS Patient Support Association in Tehran, Iran in 2018. The subjects were selected by convenience sampling, and data were collected using a demographic characteristics questionnaire, quality of life short-form 36 questionnaire (SF-36), and Templer Death Anxiety Scale. The instruments were filled by caregivers in the form of self-report in 20-30 minutes at the center following receiving written consent. In addition, data analysis was performed in SPSS version 16 using descriptive (frequency, frequency percentage, mean and standard deviation) and inferential (analysis of variance, independent t-test, Scheffé's method, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient). Results: In this study, the mean age of the participants was 40.39±11.75 years, and most caregivers were male (58.5%). Moreover, 40% of the caregivers were the spouses of patients, and 54.5% of them cared for patients alone. The mean duration of patient care was 8.7±5.9. Most caregivers had a diploma (36.2%) and 58.3% of them had a private home. Furthermore, 44.2% of caregivers had government jobs and moderate economic status. About half of the people (50.8%) had social security insurance, and 54.5% of caregivers stated that they care for the sick person alone. In the study of caregivers’ quality of life, the highest and lowest mean and standard deviation of caregivers' quality of life scores were obtained in areas of physical function and role limitation for emotional reasons, respectively. Evaluation of caregivers’ anxiety showed that 143 (71.5%) participants had a low death anxiety score (zero-seven), whereas 57 (28.5%) ","PeriodicalId":159095,"journal":{"name":"Iran Journal of Nursing","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114620053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medication Errors in Intensive Care Units in the Viewpoint of Nurses: A Descriptive Study","authors":"M. Afra, J. Aliha, M. M. Hamooleh, L. G. Afra, S. Haghani","doi":"10.29252/ijn.32.121.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/ijn.32.121.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Aims: Among healthcare professionals, nurses spend the most time with patients and monitor them throughout the medication process from the time of admission until discharge. Since nurses are responsible for the direct care of patients and participate in their medication process, the risk of medication errors by nurses increases. The process of medication involves prescription, copying the instructions of physicians, medication distribution, delivery of medication to the patient, and medication control. Failure in any of the mentioned stages is referred to as medication error. In the nursing profession, medication errors include the incorrect dosage of medication, elimination of medication, negligence of the symptoms of drug poisoning, and choosing the wrong site for the administration of medication. Medication error is a preventable incident, which could cause damage to the patient if not managed. The patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) receive more drugs compared to the patients admitted to other wards. Furthermore, due to drowsiness or unconsciousness, the process of patient identification and monitoring of drug side-effects in these patients is associated with more challenges in these patients. The importance of medication errors is considered in terms of consequences such as increased disabilities, patient dissatisfaction with healthcare systems, increased length of hospital stay, and increased treatment costs. ICU nurses experience higher stress levels due to special working conditions, such as heavy workload, the need to respond quickly to emergency situations, heavy responsibility of the care of critically ill patients, frequent encounters with emotional situations, and being in unwanted and enforced situations for delivering unpleasant news to patients' families. The present study aimed to determine the causes of the incidence of medication errors, their lack of reporting, and their frequency in ICUs. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted on 300 ICU and CCU nurses in three teaching hospitals affiliated to Qom University of Medical Sciences in Qom, Iran in 2019. The subjects were selected via census sampling. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire to determine the variables of age, gender, marital status, education level, ward of employment, work shift, nursing experience, work experience in the current ward, type of employment, number of overtime hours per month, overtime work in one/more hospitals, other overtime work than nursing, number of the working hours per week, and valid and reliable tool of medication errors. The content validity method was used to assess the validity of the tool, which was provided to five nursing professors at Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), and their corrective comments were applied. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was also used to measure the reliability of the tool. For this purpose, 15 nurses who matched the research","PeriodicalId":159095,"journal":{"name":"Iran Journal of Nursing","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127645228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effectiveness of the Combination of Cinnamon and Ginger with Exercise Training in the Treatment of Dysmenorrhea and Premenstrual Syndrome","authors":"B. Azmoudeh, M. Habibian, B. Askari","doi":"10.29252/ijn.32.121.68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/ijn.32.121.68","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Aims: Dysmenorrhea and premenstrual syndrome (PMS) are common disorders in women, which affect different aspects of life. The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the combination of cinnamon and ginger with walking and stretching exercises on dysmenorrhea and PMS. Materials & Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted with a pretest-posttest design and a control group on 100 women with PMS in Qaemshahr, Iran in 2019. The patients were selected via convenience sampling and divided into four groups of 25 by drawing lots. The groups included exercise, cinnamon-ginger, combination of exercise and cinnamon-ginger, and control. The exercise training program comprised of stretching exercises and walking three sessions per week for eight weeks. A cinnamon-ginger capsule (500 mg) was administered thrice daily with the onset of pain within the first 72 hours of menstruation for two months. The patients were assessed before and eight weeks after the intervention using the visual analogue scale (VAS) of menstrual pain intensity, PMS screening tool, and PMS daily status. Data analysis was performed using paired t-test, the Mann-Whitney U test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Kruskal-Wallis test, and Tukey's test. Results: After eight weeks, the intensity and duration of primary dysmenorrhea and scores of the physical and mental symptoms of PMS significantly decreased in the intervention groups compared to the control group (P<0.05). Furthermore, the effects of the combination therapy on the percentage of the changes in the intensity and duration of primary dysmenorrhea pain and scores of the physical and mental symptoms of PMS were more significant compared to the cinnamon-ginger and exercise groups. Conclusion: According to the results, the non-pharmacological interventions of walking and stretching exercises, the simultaneous consumption of cinnamon-ginger, and combination therapy could significantly decrease the intensity and duration of primary dysmenorrhea pain and improving the physical and psychological symptoms of PMS. Therefore, these approaches are recommended as safe and effective therapies for the treatment of these disorders.","PeriodicalId":159095,"journal":{"name":"Iran Journal of Nursing","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124434952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association of Emotional Intelligence and Job Satisfaction in Operating Room Technologists","authors":"Payman Rezagholi, P. Foroughi, A. foroughi, Sirous Shahsawari","doi":"10.29252/ijn.32.121.82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/ijn.32.121.82","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Aims: Job satisfaction plays a key role in the development of organizational exploitation. Emotional intelligence is a set of skills that enhance the ability of an individual to face environmental pressures. Emotional intelligence also affects mental health and wellbeing. Given the importance of this issue in operating room technologists, the present study aimed to investigate the association between emotional intelligence and job satisfaction in operation room technologists. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive-correlational study was conducted on all the operating room technologists (n=110) employed in the hospitals in Sanandaj, Iran in 2017, and 10 operating room technologists were excluded due to the work experience of less than one year. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, Sibriashring emotional intelligence questionnaire, and Job Satisfaction Spector scale. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 16 using Pearson's correlation-coefficient, independent t-test, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: No significant correlation was observed between emotional intelligence and job satisfaction (P>0.05). The mean emotional intelligence was estimated at 112, which indicated the favorable level of this parameter. The mean job satisfaction was 121.5, which showed the level of this parameter to be below average. Conclusion: According to the results, the job satisfaction level of the operating room technologists was significantly below average. Therefore, it is recommended that the authorities enhance the job satisfaction of these healthcare professional by improving the facilities at the workplace, considering proper promotions, and optimizing the conditions of the work environment.","PeriodicalId":159095,"journal":{"name":"Iran Journal of Nursing","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134505938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}